Category: Other Nonsense & Spam

A True American’s Guide To Success In Lower Education By Peregrinus Jupiter, 1992

A True American’s Guide to Success in Lower Education
by
Peregrinus Jupiter

15 July, 1992

“I went to the woods because I wanted to live deliberately, to front only the
essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and
not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live
what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation,
unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the
marrow of life…” –Henry David Thoreau, `Walden’

It is to this spirit of life that this file is dedicated. Education, in
its purest and most noblest form happens all the time, and most real education
happens when we put all the frivolities of the world aside and look life smack
in the face. It was Socrates who said that the unexamined life is not worth
living. So therefore, if you are reading this file to avoid gaining the
understanding of life that makes us human, go jump off a cliff.

Education involves reading and thinking and observing and confronting. The
process of gaining a true education is a source of true ecstacy for the spirit.
It’s an ecstacy that drugs or alcohol cannot approximate. Gaining a true
education can also be disturbing. You may discover that you are not who you
thought you were; that other things are not what you thought they were.
Fundamental and unalterable concepts which guided your life since you sucked the
milk from your mother’s breasts may suddenly dissolve. You may find yourself
soaring to the heights of Olympus on the breath of Truth or you may find
yourself throuwn against the brick wall of nihilism. But one thing is for
certain: you will not die without having lived.

Ok, I think that was enough Jack Handey to scare off the undesirables. Now
I’ll get to the point of all this. The very institution which is the arbiter of
education in our society — school — has little to do with true education.
Even the best schools infringe on the true exploration of the truths of the
Universe, and the worst…well, exhibit more than a utilitarian interest in
Truth and be labelled a nerd or a geek and be shoved into a locker. Don’t let
them kid you; school is a Behemoth which is engulfing humanity one spirit at a
time.

So to get right to it, this file will give you some advice on how to spend
as little time on school as you possibly can, and leave as much time as possible
for your real education. There are some quick tricks involved, but these are
few. The real way to go about things is image projection. This file will help
you learn to project the images you need to to turn things your way and get out
of wasting more time than you need to on fulfilling the requirements of school,
while getting good grades. I’ll use myself as an example. Although I did less
work than almost everyone in my class, I graduated third in my class, got a
fistful of awards, got over $12,000 in scholarship money and will be attending
an Ivy League school next year. So NYAH to you!

Ok, before we get started, there’s just a few things…

1.) I sure as hell hope you’re smart. Don’t try to pull this off if you’re not.
Seriously: following the advice this file gives is not easy. You’ll most
likely get yourself into some sticky situations, and you’d better be able
to bullshit your way out of them.

2.) Start as early as you can at a particular school. The worst-case scenario
in the public schools, where you’re labelled one way or the other since
kindergarten. A good time to start following this advice is about the
beginning of sophomore year in high school. If you’re younger than that, I
doubt you have the ability to put into practice these directives.

3.) If you can’t see yourself doing these things, don’t. It’s as simple as
that. Don’t try to fake it, you’ll just have to study like everyone else.

Ok, let’s go.

“Those who can, do. Those who can’t, teach.”
“Those who can’t teach, teach gym.” (corellary)

Why do teachers teach? It’s not for the money, that’s for sure. We’ll
separate teachers into three classes:

TYPE A: Up-and-comings. These teachers don’t like teaching. They’re using it
as a stepping stone to a brilliant career in another field, more often than not
one their parents pushed them into. Sometimes they majored in something
ludicrous in college and have nothing else to do with the degree. Eventually if
they keep teaching they may evolve into types B or C. These can be difficult
ones to play. As a general rule, the smarter they are, the better off you are.

TYPE B: Assholes. No other field in the world other than education would
put up with these people. If you get the feeling that a particular teacher is
in it just because they have a compulsive need to pick on you, they’re probably
type B. Anal-retentives, shop teachers, gym teachers, and like fit in here.
Don’t fuck with these people at first. When you’re good at what you’re doing,
these will be the easiest type to play. But for now, lay off them.

TYPE C: “Quality-teachers.” Christa McAulliffe types. These are the jackpot.
They are in it because they are devoted to learning and education and the like.
These are the people who could teach at Universities if they wanted to, but they
don’t. THey teach honors courses. With just a little work, you can play these
types like a fiddle. Oh, and if they graduated during the sixties, man o MAN
you’re gonna have some fun.

Marvelous. Now, what’s the point of breaking down all your teachers into three
groups? Damned if I know. But in general, you should get inside the mind of all
your teachers. Find out how they think. Find out what moves them. Find the
skeletons in their closets. Do some good clean Freudian analysis. Do this even
before you get them. If you’re aspiring to the Ivy League or to a good college,
try to get Type C teachers. Chances are, if a course is taught by a Type B
person, that’s not the type of course that will help you in your application.
If you find that you like taking shop and gym and home economics, Godspeed and
hope you enjoy East Bumfuck Community College!

Dandy. I’m scaring off people by the millions. If you’re left, hello. I like
you. Let’s get to work.

The first rule that you must learn is: Teachers give smart kids good grades.

Let’s dissect the sentence.

TEACHERS… yeah, the guy with the suspenders and tie at the front of the class
pretending to be a professional.

SMART KIDS. Hold on a minute. You know that girl in your class that studies
40 hours a week, gets all A’s, everyone expects to go to Harvard, never gets a
date in her life? You know her? (Let’s call her Mary; she’s probably a
virgin…) She’s not smart. She thinks an A+ on the report card is the meaning
of life. She WORKS for her grades. If you want to work for your grades, by
all means do so. You don’t need this textfile.

Now you….you’re smart. You know you are. You’re not interested in anal-
retentive little details. You’re a “deep thinker.” You see things other
people don’t. You understand yourself better than other people do. You’re
often spaced out. You have a lot of good horse sense. Oh, and you’re
reading this textfile. There, that proves it.

GIVE…Mary earns her grades. You’re not interested in earning your grades.
You want teachers to GIVE them to you.

GRADES…Those oppressive little marks which will dictate the rest of your
life. That fact that you’re about to cheat your way around them proves they
are lousy.

Teachers give smart kids good grades. It’s quite simple.

Now wait a minute, you’re saying. Why haven’t I been getting good grades then?

Quite simply, your teachers don’t know you’re smart.

We’re going to change that.

You see, everything has to do with image projection. Your teachers don’t know
you. They only know the image you project in school. So if you can convince
smart, you’ll get good grades. Why? Because your Type C teachers are smart
too! You’re the reason they went IN to teaching in the first place. They WANT
to give you good grades.

Albert Einstein was undoubtedly one of the most brilliant people to ever live.
He saw things back in 1905 that have since proven to be true, but that no one
since can even understand.

Albert Einstein used to show up for work wearing his pajamas. Why? He was so
preoccupied with larger things he’d forget to change his clothes.

You are smart. You’re like Albert Einstein. Einstein forgot to bring his suit
and tie to work. You forget to bring your homework. Why? You’re mind is on
bigger things.

Einstein went to work in his pajamas. Einstein won the Nobel Prize.

You see, the Nobel Committee was willing to overlook the fact that Einstein went
to work in his pajamas because he was SO smart he didn’t have time to think
about his clothes. Likewise, your teachers won’t care if you don’t do your
homework…IF they think you also have your mind occupied with bigger and better
things.

So, here’s how to go about it.

DATELINE: DAY 1. The first day of school. Lovely, lovely. Teachers get awful
sentimental about the first day of school. They’ve got a fresh new crowd of the
*FUTURE OF AMERICA* sitting there waiting for their every word. So don’t
disappoint them! Sit in the front row! Let them see the admiration and wonder
in your eyes. When Mary starts to take notes, take out the notebook (in good
academic form) but don’t take notes. Remember, you’re too smart to worry about
taking notes. Just sit and gaze at the teacher, and follow what he says. Make
eye contact. Be interested in what he wants you to be interested in. Make him
feel like the $20,000 a year is worthwhile. After class, don’t rush off. Stay
and ask a question. Some suggestions:

ENGLISH: I was just interested in how the Department came up with this
particular reading list…

AMERICAN HISTORY: (laugh) I was just wondering if you think we’ll make it to the
Vietnam War this year.

EUROPEAN HISTORY: I was just wondering if the course would be covering Post-
World War II history as well.

AFRICAN HISTORY/WORLD CULTURES: [What the fuck are you taking a politically
course like that for? I sure as hell hope it’s required!]

CALCULUS: What exactly ARE the diffences between the AB and BC Calculus exams.
(Question sure to follow: Are you interested in taking the BC exam?) Answer:
Oh, maybe, I’ll have to see. I do really well with the larger concepts, (laugh)
but my downfall is the addition and subtraction. (i.e., I’m so concerned with
the larger theories of calculus I don’t have time for addition and
subtraction…)

PRE-CALCULUS: Does this course include all the material in the trigonometry
course?

TRIGONOMETRY: I hate to go off on a tangent, but will you cosine this? (Trust
me, they LOVE this one!)

GEOMETRY: Will we also be doing non-Euclidean geometry?

FRENCH (beginning course): I heard that French is harder than Spanish… Why is
that?

FRENCH (advanced course): (laugh) So, are we reading Proust this year?

SPANISH (beginning course): Do they teach the Castillian or the Latin-American
pronunciation in this school?

SPANISH (advanced course): (laugh) So, are we reading Cervantes this year?

GERMAN: Will we be doing a unit on the old German alphabet?

RUSSIAN: Do you know if there are word processor programs for the Cyrillic
alphabet?

ITALIAN: [What the hell are you taking Italian for?]

PORTUGUESE: [Ditto.]

LATIN (beginning course): Is the syntax of the sentences in this text based on
the Classical syntax, like Wheelock?

LATIN (advanced course): Why are are we studying (A) and not (B). [For A and B
substitute Caesar, Ovid, Cicero, Horace, Catullus]

ANCIENT GREEK: How long does it generally take to adjust to the alphabet?

ART OF ANY TYPE: [These teachers are Arch-Type C’s: you can bullshit about
ANYTHING!]

PHILOSOPHY: [Ditto]

BIOLOGY/CHEMISTRY: How much laboratory work will there be?

PHYSICS: Will we be studying primarily Classical Physics or Quantum as well?

GYM: [This is a special case. DON’T stick around to ask a question. Grunt like
a savage as you dash for the showers.]

OTHER: [Use your imagination!]

These types of questions are a good way to get a consistent dialogue going
between you and your teacher. This dialogue is ESSENTIAL!!!!! Talk you your
teachers as often as you can! Discuss the subject and discuss your own reaction
to it. Look as if the things you are learning are REALLY affecting you. And
keep asking these questions all the time…

DATELINE: 1.5 WEEKS. Now’s the time to catch your teacher aside. Look
concerned. Something’s not going right. “Hmm…this is kind of hard to say.
I’m kind of worried about the direction things are going in in class. I mean, I
can see what you’re trying to do….[talk about something the teacher has been
trying to get across] but I’m not sure everyone is picking up on it. (shrug) I
dunno…maybe I get too worried…” Here’s where it’s started. You look deeply
concerned about the direction of things. “Gee,” thinks the teacher, “this kid
is losing sleep over my class. He must be smart!” This will be the first of
your “transcendental” dialogues. Again, here are some examples that worked.

ENGLISH: “I don’t know, I guess it’s just that I’m worried that everyone in the
class is getting so caught up in the details that we’re all missing the point.
I mean this is an AMAZING piece of Literature and I think that that’s being lost
by some of us.” [Note: don’t imply that this is the teacher’s fault, just make
it look like you are lamenting a sad fact of society….]

PHILOSOPHY: “I don’t know, I guess it’s just that I think that we can all be so
sure of ourselves that we refuse to accept what [name of philosopher] is trying
to tell us. I mean, to gain a real understanding of what he’s trying to way, I
think you have to take a great deal on faith to get beyond that…..[grope for
the right word]…. superficial understanding…”

CALCULUS: “Hmm….Some kids in the class had a rough go of things in Pre-Cal
last year, and some of us are worried if that’s likely to slow us up. Or is
this year’s course pretty independent of that…?”

Anyway, you get the point. You’re two weeks in, and you’ve already been noticed
by your teacher. You’re the kid in the class who is affected by what’s going
on. You’re moved by it. You’re disturbed when it doesn’t go right. You’re
always wondering about the philosophical rammifications of things. You’re in
Physics? Suddenly, everything you study changes your perception of the
universe. TALK about these things with your teacher.
Be a teacher’s pet….not by getting perfect grades like Mary, but by being the
type of student your Type C teacher always dreamed about teaching; the type of
student they once were. Plus, you’re setting yourself up to save your ass
later.

OK, so now you’re a month in and you’re bored of studying. Good for you. Get
on with the rest of your life. The teacher loves you. So you can taper off
with studying and doing your homework. However, you always have to make it look
like you are being more and more affected by what you are studying. (By the end
of the year you will be acting like Einstein if all goes well…)

Here’s where the good acting comes in. You HAVE to be messy! Mary is neat.
You are too smart to worry about keeping your papers in order. So LOOK messy.
Have your papers all over the place. Have your homework that first month…but
when they ask for it, purposely take longer and longer to find it. When they
ask where it is, look through the pages of your copy of Scientific American and
`Beyond Good and Evil’ before finding it tucked away on Page 156 of `A Brief
History of Time.’ All the while, you have to look INCREDIBLY confused, like
Einstein fumbling with his pajamas in front of the Nobel Committee. If the
teacher makes a comment about organization, shrug. laugh, and say `I know, I
know… I always try to organize things but I always have so much on my mind I
forget where things are. One time I spent an hour looking for a set of keys I
had in my right hand…” Therefore, deep into month 2 when you start showing up
WITHOUT your homework, it won’t surprise them. They’ll just assume you have it
somewhere. In fact, if you do enough fumbling and rustling to disturb the
class, they’ll probably VOLUNTEER that you turn it later. Neato. As I say, you
can’t go whole hog right away with being irresponsible; you’ve got to work up to
it.

Ok, now we’ve got some other aspects of your personality to develop. Firstly,
you’re going to portray yourself as a Messiah-figure. Except you’re not saving
the world: you’re saving your school. How do you do this? Pick an
extracurricular activity with some level of importance to it. Any school
publication is best; since journalism seems to carry with it this whole attitude
of saving the ignorant masses. I’ve had whole goddamn TESTS delayed as much as
4 days just because I was busy with the school newspaper. Other good choices
are student government, debating society, National Honor Society, and the like.
No one’s going to forgive you if you sacrifice your own grades in the name of
the Chess Team, so be sure that what you do has some high-falootin’ airs about
it. Also, you can’t just act dedicated, you’ve got to be a goddamn martyr. If
you fuck up a test, approach the teacher afterwards and say, “I’m sorry about
the way things have been going for me. It’s just that the newspaper is in
serious danger of folding up altogether, and that would be a disaster for the
way things are around here…” Man, you’ve GOT to attach this serious
importance to what you are doing. Oh, and by the way, pick one thing. A
teacher will forgive you for martyring yourself for one cause, but he will not
let you off the hook for a mediocre interest in 10 causes.

Ok, another thing: You’ve got to appear in frail health all the time. Ways to
do this: During a lecture, hold your head betweem your hands and try to work up
a sweat. Act dead exhausted. If you’re daring, you could even conspicuously
pop a Tylenol. If the teacher asks “are you feeling ok?” you’ve hit the
jackpot. Say “oh, yeah, I’ll be fine, I think maybe I’m not getting enough
sleep. Maybe I’m not getting enough fresh air…” Voila! Act like this often.
And linger after class. If the teacher says “Why aren’t you getting enough
sleep?” here’s the time to act the martyr. “I was so late here with the
newspaper yesterday that I had to stay up all night to finish my homework.”
They’ll love you for that one. If you have an arch-type C like a good English,
Art, or Philosophy teacher, this one is a gem: “I was up `till 4 a.m. last night
reading [insert name of a pillar of Western Literature]; it was just so…I
don’t know….I couldn’t stop reading it.” If they buy this one, you’ll have
them eating out of the palm of your hand for weeks to come.

Benefits of “frail health?”

A.) “I was too sick last night to finish my homework.” Do this one BEFORE
school, not during class when it is collected. Also, NEVER negotiate with a
teacher like this during class because they always have a point to prove. If
you have been successful in portraying yourself as sickly, they will believe
this one, and will give you extra time to do it. Act concerned as hell: “Will I
be able to follow along in class today without having done it? Maybe I start it
at lunch…” Inevitable response “Oh, no, don’t do that, I’m sure you’ll be
fine…”

B.) Time off! Yes, you can stay out sick long and often and no one will get
suspicious. Sick days are an excellent time to do an entire semester’s worth of
homework. This is a good time to mention that if you turn in something wicked
late, they will be less nit-picky about the actual content than they would have
if you had handed it in on time. Why? Because they are bored with the subject
and they have their minds on current things.

C.) Chicken Out! If you have to be in school for something in the morning but
have a test on which you haven’t studied in the afternoon, go home sick! It
won’t surprise anyone. They won’t get suspicious. Exception: Public School
Nurses. These people are trained to harrass the ill: “What’s the matter? Why
are you going home? What are you trying to get out of? A test?” Now, you have
to play the supplicant with your teachers, but DO NOT TAKE SHIT FROM YOUR SCHOOL
NURSE. If the school nurse even suggests that you are going home because of
trying to get out of a test, GIVE THAT LADY THE WRATH OF GOD! Even threaten to
report her to whoever sounds threatening. Oh, and by the way, no matter what
the school nurse tries to pull, she HAS to let you go home. And if you’re
daring, this line will shut the lady up permanently: if she says what are you
doing, going home to get out of a test? say this: “No, the Xanex my psychiatrist
gave me is so strong I can hardly stand up straight…” That will shut the
bitch up AWFUL quick…and most likely for good!

That’s an excellent bridge into our next aspect of your character: you have to
always seem on the verge of a nervous breakdown. There are few things in the
world that could make teachers feel more guilty than causing you a nervous
breakdown. And don’t let them assume that it’s family trouble or something like
that. Be sure they know that your martyrdom is the cause. Strike up one of
those incessant “transcendental” conversations and tell them: “Between all the
problems of the school here I lose sleep over, and keeping my own head above the
water, I always feel like I’m about to go nuts!” Well, you’re the pet student,
so they wouldn’t want THAT to happen. Result: they back off…and you get good
grades for being a martyr. Reason: martyrs are smart! Martyrs see things other
people don’t; therefore they are willing to sacrifice themeselves for those
things. Act as if you’re the only one who sees what a shithole your school is,
and act as if because you see this you’ve GOT to change things even if it means
putting yourself out. The teachers will admire you to DEATH for that… And
plus, going crazy is also in their minds further confirmation that you are
smart.

Also, here’s one that never fails: With Arch-Type C’s such as English, Art, and
Philosophy teachers, make it look like the LITERATURE is driving you crazy! Let
me tell you an example of what I pulled off once:

The assignment was to read a certain amount of Philosophy and then do a report
on it. Well, I caught the teacher beforehand and told him that the reading we
did was so mind-blowing I couldn’t even DEAL with it last night, never mind
doing a report on it. All I could do is go out for a walk and try to grapple
with it. Result: I got a few extra days to do it and got a better grade than I
would have. And here is a perfect example of why you have to have them
CONVINCED that you are smart. If the class clown tried to pull this off, the
teacher would in so many words tell him to fuck off.

What will all of these things (the Messiah, Sick, and Crazy characters) also do
for you? It will convince them that you are not lazy. If they find out that you
are lazy, you’ve blown it and you’ll have to study for a while to convince them
differently.

Now, then. DATELINE: 2.5 MONTHS. They love you. You’ve earned yourself an
unprecendented amount of freedom to get away with shit. So use it! Here’s
how…

(All of these tricks and hedges are tried and true and have been tested in the
field. And
they work!)

Problem: Test coming up. You have no idea WHAT the hell is going on.
Solution: Get the test put off a few days. Approach the teacher outside of
class and say, “The class picked me to come and speak to you about this test
coming up. Some of them are worried that we’re not going to be ready for it…”
Notice you’re placing the blame on everyone else. Your Type-C teacher is far
too tactcful to ever mention the conversation with your classmates, so you’re
safe. Be sure to mention a few things that “they” (read `you’) are clueless
about. Success rate: putting off a test is a big order, consequently this one
works about 50% of the time, but it’s worth the try.

Problem: Teacher collects paper. You didn’t do it. Solution: Hand in another
paper! Strange but true! Chances are they won’t notice while they are
collecting it. If they do, you can just act like Einstein in his pajamas and
“search” like crazy for it through your disorganization. Later, when you have
the paper done, (the range on this is short, say the next morning)
inconspicuously shove the paper in a pile of the teacher’s shit when he ain’t
looking. Better yet, if your teacher has a folder for each class he teacher,
put it in another folder so he later thinks he misplaced it. When the teacher
notices he has a paper for another class, you can just say you handed that paper
in with the other one accidentally. Incidentally, if you get nabbed messing
through the teacher’s shit, tell the “truth.” Say you noticed that you had
handed in the wrong paper. You were just leaving the real paper for the
teacher. Also, use a sense of urgency by saying “Actually, do you have the
paper I accidentally gave you yesterday? I have to hand that in today!” Adds a
bit of credibility to the story. Also, when you are doing late papers, be SURE
to put the proper date on it! A paper that’s 3 weeks late is worthless if you
dated it yesterday. Success rate: 90%

Problem: You have to hand in a large paper, but you’re not done with it yet.
Solution: Hand in half the paper! Just stick the second half in with the
teacher’s shit later. Chances are, when the teacher gets to yours, he’ll go
looking for the rest of it, and if he finds it, no problem! Be sure in the
second half of your paper to put a staple in the top left hand corner, then pull
it out to make a hole, thereby making it look like the two halves got separated.
Success rate: Has yet to fail.

Problem: Teacher gives an assignment, says “No late papers accepted.”
Solution: I have never seen a teacher who threatens “no late papers accepted”
follow through on it. It’s a bluff. But anyway, here’s what to do. Put the
paper on the floor. Step on it. Crinkle it a bit. Then shove it under the
teacher’s desk. He will think he dropped it. Success rate: Has yet to fail.

Excuses: Here are some excuses for not having homework, if your teacher is
inclined to accept them:

Math assignment: “I left it tacked to my bulletin board.” This is such a wacky
yet simple excuse that they will believe it! Most likely they will say “What
the hell did you tack it to your bulletin board for?” and you will have a
perfect opportunity to construct a wacky story. Remember, the more details you
give, the more believable the story. And remember, with this, as with ALL
excuses, DO IT BEFORE SCHOOL. They have something to prove during class time
and will not let you off the hook then.

Written assignment: “My printer broke. However, I have a copy of it here on
disk. (hold up floppy) I will give it to you if you like.” This is a ballsy
bluff, and they will NEVER call you on it. Teachers get put off by computers
more often than not, so they will not only sympathise with you, but they won’t
want to touch your disk. In case they do take it, use a defective one, so if
they do go and put it in and get “General error reading drive A:” they will feel
chagrinned as hell and will probably think they wrecked it.
Success rate: 95% first time, decreases sharply each time you use it.

Many schools have a time card punch in the front office. Many teachers make use
of this, saying, “the paper is due at the end of the day, so stamp the paper
with the time and then put it in my mailbox.” This is a gift. Write up a title
page, stamp the title page, then relax. Take a trip to Disney World. When you
come back, write the paper, staple it to the stamped title page, and leave it in
the mailbox of a department chair with a LOT of mail. (Oh, yeah, be sure the
teacher’s name is also on the title page.) Eventually, the department chair
will forward it to your teacher and say “I don’t know how this got in my
mailbox.” If they ask you, shrug and say I gave it to the secretary at the
front desk. Success rate: Has yet to fail.

Other hints:

Fake a nervous breakdown. Go to your teachers for help.

Make your teachers fight over you. Hell, you’re a valuable resource, aren’t
you, being a Messiah for the school. If one teacher gets on your back, complain
that another teacher is driving you crazy and generally fucking up your life.
Be gutsy about it. For you to sit and basically call a colleague of theirs a
jerk is VERY, VERY fulfilling for them. Be harsh. But don’t whine. Once in a
while, hand in a stunning paper. When the teacher comments how wonderful it
was, don’t say “Yes, I tried really hard.” Say “Yeah, Mr. So-and-so finally got
off my back.” You’ve just earned yourself some more freedom…

Are you getting the hang of things? Teachers play on a certain level. They love
to lord over students. You can play on their level, too! They love that,
really! Eventually, if they catch on to what you are doing, they WON’T EVEN
CARE! I had one English teacher who had a very strict policy on tardiness of
assignments. If you handed in things late, you lost credit. Well, I used all
these tricks on that teacher. I never handed in a paper on time, but I never
lost credit. Later, a year after I had him, he told me that he knew my tricks
all along. Well, I was embarassed: BUT HE STILL NEVER TOOK OF CREDIT! So I had
the last laugh!

Treat your teachers like colleagues. Teacher’s don’t try to fuck over their
colleagues, so they won’t try to fuck you over. Treat them like professionals!
Take an interest in the politics of the teachers in the school. Most students
have an “us versus them” view of teachers. What you have to realize is that
teachers are not a unified front. They sit and argue and bitch and fuck each
other over as much as students do. A lot of teachers hate each other ardently.
The difference is, students are open about their squabbles whereas teachers hide
them to maintain the students’ respect for the faculty. So talk to your
teachers. Find out what’s going on. They will confide in you. They will treat
you like a player.

And most importantly: THEY WILL STAY THE FUCK OFFA YOUR BACK!!!

Happy hunting!

APPENDIX A: WHAT TO DO WHEN YOU’VE SUCCEEDED.

You’ve taken my advice to heart. You’re doing shit for work and riding the
gravy train. Now you’ve got a lot of free time. So what should you do?

– Sleep zzZzzZZZzzzzZzzzZZzz

– Peruse the great works of Western Literature

– Play practical jokes

– Watch a video of Richard Wagner’s epic “Der Ring des Nibelungen.” At 17 hours,
it’s a great way to kill time and experience a fucking awesome work of art. I
recommend the Metropolitan Opera production.

– Call The Works! (See ad below)

– Become a Warez d00d.

– Spy on your neighbors.

– Watch cartoons.

– Crank call your teachers.

– Watch Congress on C-SPAN for an entire day. This will PISS YOU OFF!

– Hang out with the dregs in Harvard Square. (MA residents only.)

– Conduct a fake Gallup poll. Call a random guy, ask him 4 questions about
politics, then for question 5 ask “Do you douche?”

– Visit a tot lot.

– Buy some CD’s.

– Learn German.

– Construct an atomic bomb. There are plenty of textfiles to help.

– Read some erotic poetry. Suggestion: John Donne

– Read some eroric prose. Suggestion: Guy de Maupassant

– Read some Nietzsche.

– IN OTHER WORDS, EARN YOUR REAL EDUCATION!!!

Finis.
Also sprach Jupiter.

A PEREGRINVS IVPITER PRODUCTION (C) 1992 Peregrinus Jupiter.

Refrigerants And The Atmosphere (November 1989)

November 1989

CONSUMERS’ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Refrigerants and the Atmosphere

This information is provided as a public service by the
Refrigeration Service Engineers Society and your heating
and air conditioning service contractor. It is intended
to provide clear, factual answers to questions about
stratospheric ozone depletion, what is being done about
it, and how the situation will affect you.

Q: WHAT IS OZONE?

Ozone is a gas. It consists of three atoms of oxygen in
each molecule; the oxygen we breathe contains two atoms
in each molecule. Chemically, oxygen is O2, and ozone
is O3. The *ozone layer* consists of ozone in the
stratosphere, high above the earth at an altitude of
between 7 and 28 miles. It is formed by ultraviolet
light from the sun acting on oxygen molecules. The
ozone layer absorbs and scatters ultraviolet light from
the sun, preventing harmful amounts of ultraviolet from
reaching the earth. For this reason, it is often
referred to as the Ozone Shield.

Q: BUT ISN’T OZONE UNHEALTHFUL?

Yes, when it occurs in the lower atmosphere where we
breathe it. This is caused by ultraviolet radiation
from the sun acting on smog and air pollutants on hot
Summer days. This situation should not be confused with
the protective ozone layer in the stratosphere. Ozone
at ground level is a harmful pollutant; in the
stratosphere it is a protective shield.

WHAT ARE CFCs?

*chlorofluorocarbon*; chemicals that CFC stands for
contain chlorine, fluorine and carbon, and may contain
hydrogen. These chemicals are inexpensive, safe,
non-flammable refrigerants of high thermal efficiency.
They are also used as solvents in cleaning electronic
microcircuits, and as the blowing agent in manufacturing
foam insulations. There are some other uses, as well.
In many other countries, CFCs are still used as aerosol
propellants.

CFC is the general term often used inaccurately for all
these compounds. It is important to realize that not
all *CFCs* are equally suspected of affecting the
atmosphere. CFCs which contain chlorine but no hydrogen
(fully halogenated CFCs) are the real problem. Those
which contain no chlorine, only fluorine (HFCs), and
those which contain hydrogen along with chlorine
(HCFCs), have a far smaller effect, if any at all.

Q: WHAT DO CFCs DO TO THE OZONE LAYER?

Certain chlorine-containing refrigerants are so stable
that they do not break down in the lower atmosphere,
even a hundred years or more after being released.
These chemicals gradually float up to the stratosphere,
where the chlorine reacts with ozone, causing it to
change back to oxygen. The chlorine is not used up in
the reaction; each molecule goes on to cause more and
more ozone-to-oxygen reactions.

Q: ARE THERE OTHER CHEMICALS THAT HAVE THE SAME EFFECT?

Yes; bromine-containing compounds, such as contained in
certain *halon* fire extinguishers, also have been
implicated in potential ozone depletion. Bromine is
chemically related to chlorine.

Q: WHAT IS THE RESULT?

Depletion of the ozone layer could result in increased
exposure to ultraviolet radiation at some point in the
future. The best available scientific information
indicates that proper action taken now to reduce
consumption of fully halogenated CFCs should avoid
possible future effects on humans and the environment.
Potential effects include increases in skin cancer and
cataracts, inability to resist certain infectious
diseases, decreased yields of agricultural crops, and
effects on marine life that is essential to the food
chain.

Q: WHAT IS THE *OZONE HOLE* I’VE READ ABOUT?

This is a thinning in the ozone layer over Antarctica,
which occurs during the Antarctic Spring season (Autumn
in the Northern Hemisphere). It occurs over the
Antarctic continent due to the unique climate caused by
powerful circumpolar winds and extremely low
temperatures there; the lowest on earth. This area is
being carefully monitored for the degree to which ozone
thins out, since it has been found to lead to ozone
depletion in other parts of the world, as well.
Significantly reduced ozone levels were detected in
1985, and high chlorine levels were found in 1986.
Instrumented aircraft flights through this layer
indicate that the ozone depletion problem may be more
serious than initially thought.

Q: DIDN’T WE STOP USING CFCs IN SPRAY CANS FOR THIS
REASON?

During the early 1970s, CFCs used as aerosol propellants
constituted over 50% of total CFC consumption in the
U.S. Following concerns initially raised by Professor
Sherwood Rowland and Dr. Mario Molina in 1974, the
E.P.A. and the Food and Drug Administration in 1978
banned the use of CFCs as aerosol propellants in all but
a few essential applications. This use of CFCs was
reduced in the U.S. by approximately 95%.
Unfortunately, very few other countries followed the
U.S. in this ban. Because of the many practical uses of
CFCs, their production and use has now surpassed
pre-1974 levels.

Q: IS THIS THE SAME AS THE *GREENHOUSE EFFECT*?

No, but CFCs may be involved in this problem, also. The
greenhouse effect occurs when carbon dioxide (mostly
form the burning of fossil fuels; oil, natural gas, and
coal) and other gases (methane, nitrogen, oxides, and
others) build up in the atmosphere. These gases let
incoming sunlight and its heat reach the earth, but
block the earth’s heat from radiating into space. This
is the way a greenhouse works, and so the name of the
effect. As the gases build up, more heat is trapped,
and the planet’s temperature rises. Some scientists now
feel that CFCs may also be contributing to this effect.

Q: WHAT IS BEING DONE TO STOP DEPLETION OF THE OZONE
LAYER?

Scientists from around the world recognize the
importance and severe results of this problem, and
realize that all countries must cooperate to stop
erosion of the ozone shield.

In the Fall on 1987, representative of more than 30
nations, meeting in Montreal, Canada, signed an
agreement now known as the Montreal Protocol. The U.S.
and Canada were included. On August 1, 1988, the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (E.P.A.) enacted the
provisions of this agreement into regulations for the
United States.

The Montreal Protocol and the E.P.A. specify that as of
July 1, 1989, production and consumption of certain CFCs
will be limited to the levels produced and consumed in
1986. This actually means a cutback, because use has
grown since that time. In July, 1993, these levels will
be reduced by 20%, and to 50% of 1986 levels in July of
1998. Specifically, the chemicals involved are the
fully halogenated CFCs 11, 12, 113, 114, and 115.
Halons 1211, 1301, and 2402 are also covered, but on a
different time schedule. Scientific, technological,
and economic concerns are to be reviewed at least every
four years, with the first review in 1990.

The most recent technical information indicates that
even deeper cuts in production and use may be necessary.
The head of the E.P.A. has stated that these chemicals
should be completely eliminated, and some responsible
industry trade groups agree.

But all is not lost when it comes to our needs for
refrigerants.

It’s important to remember that only fully halogenated
refrigerants are being phased down. The refrigerant in
home refrigerators, freezers and automotive air
conditioning is mostly CFC 12, one of those being
regulated. But central home air conditioning typically
uses HCFC 22.

Over a period of time, new appliances can be redesigned
to use HCFCs in place of fully halogenated CFCs.
Manufacturers of electronic microcircuits uses CFCs to
clean parts. They are successfully switching to other
chemicals.
Manufacturers of foam insulation use CFCs to produce the
insulating bubbles in the insulation. There are other
methods and chemicals they can used, although these
produce insulation that is less efficient.

New replacement refrigerators are also being developed,
but these will require years of testing for any toxic
effects, to make sure they are safe.

Q: CAN’T WE JUST SWITCH TO SOME OF THE OTHER
REFRIGERANTS?

Yes, but this is going to take time. HFC and HCFC
refrigerants can replace the CFCs, but the refrigeration
and air conditioning equipment has to be redesigned and
manufactured. The existing refrigerant in your
refrigerator, as an example, cannot be simply removed
and replaced with one of the other refrigerants, because
the compressor, cooling coil, and other components in
the system were designed for the specific refrigerant
being used. Different refrigerants have different
characteristics, which affect the compressor and other
components in the system.

A lubricating oil also has to be developed that will be
compatible with the new HCFCs and HFCs.

Q: HOW WILL THIS SITUATION AFFECT US?

As mentioned, insulation can be manufactured using other
methods and chemicals, but the result is less efficient;
greater thicknesses of insulation will have to be used
to get the same insulating effect. That will mean
refrigerators and freezers that are either larger on the
outside or smaller on the inside. Refrigerated trucks
can not be make larger on the outside, of course, and so
cargo capacity will be reduced. Carrying less frozen
food per trip will mean somewhat higher transportation
costs, which may increase some of the prices we pay.

Necessary changes in the processing of frozen foods may
also result in increased costs.

Refrigerators, freezers, and other systems using CFC-12
that are redesigned for other refrigerants will probably
be slightly less efficient, using more electricity for
operation. They may also be somewhat heavier.

The price your air conditioning service contractor pays
for refrigerant will increase, as a result of shorter
supplies. To help control these costs and make supplies
go farther, your service technician will take steps to
conserve, recover, and re-use refrigerants. It is
increasingly important to find and repair leaks in
systems, rather than just adding more refrigerant
periodically.

Existing residential appliances and systems should not
become obsolete nor have to be replaced any sooner.
Owners and operators of large commercial air
conditioners and refrigeration systems will probably
notice a great many more changes than the homeowner
will.

The more thoroughly we can prevent the escape of CFCs to
the atmosphere, and the more wisely we can conserve and
recycle these materials, the better we can protect our
health and that of generations to come, protect the
environment, and control our overall costs in the long
run.

This information was copied 12 October 1989 by

Jerry J. Trantow
Research Scientist
Johnson Controls, Inc.
507 E. Michigan Street MS-36
Milwaukee, Wi 53201

out of a bulletin from:

Refrigeration Service Engineers Society
1666 Rand Road
Des Plaines, Illinois 60016-3552
PHONE (312) 297-6464
FAX (312) 297-5038

with permission from Dean Lewis. If you would like an
original copy send a self-addressed stamped business
size (#10) envelope to RSES requesting a copy of
“Consumers’ Question and Answers, Refrigerants and the
Atmosphere”. Quantities are also available, call RSES
for details. The original bulletin has several color
pictures of the ozone hole, chemical reactions, etc.

[Remaining Text Missing]

Present Day Soviet Launch Vehicles

*******************************************************************

PRESENT DAY SOVIET LAUNCH VEHICLES

Although most observers of the exploration of space are quite familiar
with the various US launch vehicle families (Atlas, Titan, & Saturn),
their Soviet counterparts are still a mystery to most Western analysts.
This shroud of secrecy is encouraged by the Soviet government which, for
various reasons, has released little information on these launch
vehicles. However, given the few tidbits of data available from news
photos, orbital elements, and the rare Soviet publication, it is now
possible to describe the history and capability of the Soviet present
arsenal.
The following is a summary of the known major Soviet rocket engines and
their major characteristics. (Vacuum thrust is given in metric tons).

Number of Vacuum Chamber Specific Principal
Name Chambers Thrust Pressure Impulse Propellents Use
————————————————————————
RD-100 1 30 234 Alcohol/LOX R-1
RD-103 1 55 28 245 Alcohol/LOX SS-3
RD-107 4 102 60 314 RP-1/LOX A Class
RD-108 4 96 52 315 RP-1/LOX A Class
RD-111 4 166 80 317 RP-1/LOX SS-10??
RD-119 1 11 80 352 UDMH/LOX B Class
RD-214 4 74 45 264 RP-1/Nitric Acid B Class
RD-216 4 177 75 290 UDMH/Nitric Acid C Class
RD-219 2 90 75 293 UDMH/Nitric Acid SS-9??
RD-253 1 ? 400 ? UDMH/N2O4 D Class

As is well known, the Soviets began rocket research on their own
before the Second World War. The first liquid fueled engine developed
by Gird, an amateur rocket club, was called the ORM-1, and had the
distinction of being able to use both cryogenic and storable fuels, an
ability the Soviets utilized in later vehicles. This small program was
greatly aided by the capture of German V-2 rockets and scientists in
1945. The Soviets, as did the US, gained much experience studying the
German effort. The first post-war Soviet rocket, the R-1, a V-2 clone,
was launched in 1947, and was powered by the RD-100 engine, the first in
a long line of large German-influenced engines. In the early 1950’s,
the Soviets developed the Shyster vehicle (dubbed the SS-3 by the US Air
Force), basically an improved copy of the V-2, for testing Soviet-built
components in ballistic flights. During this period, the Soviet
government decided that in order to send 10,000 lb. atomic bombs to the
US mainland, it would be necessary to develop a large booster, with much
greater capacity than the Shyster. Thus, Soviet scientists developed
the techniques of clustering and parallel staging simultaneously. This
entailed the use of a single turbo-pump per cluster, which led to the
Soviets adopting a distinct definition of an engine from the Americans.
The single 50,000 lb thrust engine of the V-2 was clustered in groups of
4, with a single set of turbopumps for each group. The core cluster of
4 (called the RD-108 engine, although it used 4 combustion chambers and
4 exit nozzles) was surrounded by 4 strap-on clusters (the RD-107, but
basically identical to the RD-108), for a total of 20 first stage
engines. After the vehicle left the lower atmosphere, the four
strap-ons were jettisoned, and the core cluster was to carry the warhead
on a ballistic flight to the US. This vehicle, known to the Air Force
as the SS-6, and referred to as the A-class launcher by the Library of
Congress classification system, became the first Soviet satellite
booster, launching Sputnik in 1957. With a single 12,000 lb thrust
engine added as an orbital stage, the A class booster was used to launch
the Vostok capsule. In the mid 1960’s, a four chambered, LOX/RP1 fueled
engine was developed by the design bureau of the late C.A. Kosberg.
This 50,000+ lb. thrust engine replaced the earlier orbital stage on the
Soyuz booster.
Soon after the conception of the A class vehicle, the development of
the hydrogen bomb enabled much smaller warheads to be built, making the
large booster obsolete soon after its first launch. The core cluster
was immediately reconfigured into a missile in its own right, with the
engine now dubbed the RD-214. In order to decrease launch preparation
time, the Soviets converted the engine to use storable propellents,
nitric acid and kerosene, (as in the pre-war ORM-1). This combination
is much less efficient than the RD-107/108’s LOX/RP-1 fuel, resulting in
a lowered thrust of about 150,000 lbs for the RD-214. The new launcher,
was deployed in Cuba and Eastern Europe as an intermediate range
ballistic missile and was dubbed as the SS-4 by the US Air Force.
Topped by an orbital stage, the hydrazine fueled 24,000 lb thrust RD-119
engine, this launcher, known as the B class vehicle, is the equivalent
of of the US Thor/Delta.
The RD-214 engine was later refined by the use of UDMH instead of
kerosene for fuel. This new storable fuel increased specific impulse
for the engine from 264 to 290 seconds. Thrust was increased to 380,000
lbs. through increase in chamber pressure from 45 to 75 atmospheres.
The engine was renamed the RD-216, and was installed in the first stage
of the C class booster. This new vehicle, the equivalent of the Atlas
launcher, replaced the earlier B class vehicle, and is now the third
most used space launcher in the world.
The primitive SS-6 ICBM was ineffective as a weapon. The Soviet
Union, faced with the need for a storable ICBM, developed a new missile.
The result was the SS-9, a 2 stage ICBM with 6 thrust chambers, using a
common turbopump, for the first stage. It is reasonable to suppose that
the tried and true V-2 design was again used in this new configuration
with hypergolic fuels for quick launch reaction and storability. It can
be expected that first stage thrust is greater than the 300,000 lbs that
the original LOX/Kerosene combination would have produced, due to higher
efficiency of the Hydrazine/UDMH fuel and Nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer,
and advances in turbopump technology that the Soviets can be expected to
have achieved in the 8 year period between the introductions of the A
class and the F class vehicles. The F class vehicle is roughly
equivalent to the US Titan missile in payload capacity.
The Soviets felt that the need existed for a larger space payload than
the A class, which was limited to 14,000 lbs. in low orbit, could
provide. A new engine, the RD-253, was developed. One of these engines
was used in the air-launched core vehicle for the new Proton vehicle,
with six RD-253 strap-ons as the first stage, giving a total thrust of
2.5 to 3 million lbs., and a payload capacity of 40,000 lbs. in orbit.
Details on the upper stage of the Proton are lacking, but it is possible
to provisionally state that the RD-219 could be a candidate. As the
RD-219 is claimed to be a second stage engine, with thrust of almost
200,000 lbs, a probable application for this engine is as the second
stage of the Proton, if one considers the external strap-ons as a zero
stage. The tentative configuration of the Proton is thus:

Zero stage (6 strap-on RD-253) 3,000,000 lbs (approx)
1st stage (one cluster) 500,000 lbs (approx)
RD-219 2nd stage 180,000 lbs

The Proton rocket is used to launch the Salyut space station, as well as
heavy military payloads.
It is well known that the Soviets maintain a heavy launch schedule.
Given the serial production of many thousands of the V-2 class engines,
which entailed little developmental costs (thanks to the Germans), it is
reasonable to assume that great economies of scale prevail in their
space effort. Whereas the US will spend hundreds of millions to develop
a launch stage that may be used less than ten times (as with the Centaur
G stage), the USSR has spent little on a family of boosters that
apparently utilize the same engine design. The U.S. at the beginning of
the Space Age also developed several boosters from a single engine
design, the H-1, which grew from 135,000 lbs to 205,000 over twenty
years. However, the H-1 family was soon superceded by many more
powerful and more efficient designs, and is now far from being the
leading edge of engine technology in the U.S. Apparently, the Soviets
have been content to stay with their basic original design, which has
grown from less than 40,000 lbs to now over 500,000 lbs of thrust. This
same paucity of engine research could explain the mysterious lack of a
liquid hydrogen engine in the Soviet arsenal. Although payload size
could be greatly increased with even the smallest of cryogenic stages,
the Soviets are apparently willing to forego the developmental costs in
favor of keeping program costs to a minimum. Given this low priority
for engine research, rumors of several new Russian launch vehicles seem
unfounded, as all of the rumors presuppose Soviet development of liquid
hydrogen engines that surpass US engines in efficiency. Given the
present advantage in engine R & D by the US over the Russians, it would
be highly doubtful that the Soviets will surpass us in engine technology
in the near term. Making these rumors more dubious is the fact that
present Soviet launch vehicles can launch all payloads that the Soviets
have announced for the foreseeable future, including the 1993 asteroid
flyby. Thus, one can probably count on seeing (or reading about) the
present group of Soviet vehicles for many years to come.
*************************************************************************
Many thanks to Anthony Kenden, Art Bozlee, C.P. Vick, V.P. Glushko,
Kenneth Gatland, John Parfitt, and many others for their published work
and their criticism of my earlier entry. Please feel free to correct
any factual errors that I may have made in this entry, so they may be
corrected.

Your Certificate Giving You The Right To Play

CERTIFICATE
Of The Right To Play

By this certificate know ye that

[insert your name here]

is a lifetime member in good standing in

The Society of Childlike Grown-Ups

and is hereby and forever entitled to

walk in the rain, jump in mud puddles, collect rainbows, smell the flowers, blow bubbles, stop along the way, build sand castles, watch the moon and stars come out, say hello to everyone, go barefoot, go on adventures, sing in the shower, have a merry heart, read children’s books, act silly, take bubble baths, get new sneakers, hold hands and hug and kiss, dance, fly kites, laugh and cry for the health of it, wander around, feel scared, feel sad, feel mad, feel happy, stop worrying so much, stay innocent, say yes, say no, say the magic words, say ouch when it hurts, ask lots of questions, ride bicycles, color outside the lines, see things differently, fall down and get up again, talk with animals, look at the sky and trust the universe, stay up late, climb trees, take naps, do nothing, daydream, play all kinds of music, play with toys, play under the covers, have pillow fights, learn new stuff, get excited about everything, be a clown, enjoy having a body, find out how things work, make up new rules, tell stories, save the world, make friends with other kids on the block, and do anything else that brings more happiness, celebration, relaxation, understanding, health, joy, creativity, pleasure, abundance, grace, freedom, self-esteem, trust, love, courage, balance, spontaneity, passion, beauty, peace, and life energy to the above-named member, and to any other humans and beings on this planet.

Furthermore, the above-named member is officially authorized to frequent amusement parks, beaches, meadows, mountaintops, swimming pools, forests, playgrounds, picnic areas, summer camps, birthday parties, circuses, cookie shops, ice cream parlors, theaters, aquariums, zoos, museums, planetariums, toy stores, festivals, and other places where children of all ages come to play, and is encouraged to always remember one of the mottoes of the Society of Childlike Grown-Ups:

YOU’RE NEVER TOO OLD FOR RECESS!

(signed)
Advisory Committee on Growing Young

Getting Rid Of The Riddler By Alien

Getting Rid of the Riddler!
by Alien

(Subtitled – Who took the Rid out of Riddler?)

A boy, knowen to us as ‘The Riddler’,
Whose presence,
Was as that of the kid ’round here,
Departed without so much as word hence.

The reason it seems clear,
To both myself, and the Wiz,
Was his emminent fear,
Of failing the homo quiz.

Who needs pricks like this louse
I say ‘He needs the removal of a limb’,
Bring back Comrade Mouse,
And then let the rodent SHOOT HIM.

Song by Alien – Sung to the tune of ‘Daisy, Daisy’

Bananas, banans,
Give me your stalks do,

I’ll drink Tequilla,
All for the love of Sheila.

The drink, I think is dandy,
Makes the girls turn randy

You’d all look great,
With your own hired date,
On a banana built for two!

Buying A Car Or Truck Through Repossesion Auctions By Paul Dewey

BUYING A CAR OR TRUCK THROUGH REPOSSESSION AUCTIONS
By Paul Dewey

So you are looking for a car or truck, but you’re tired of running around
town and finding other people selling their “headaches” through the local
classifieds, or dealers offering “cream-puffs” for inflated retail prices.
All you want is a good vehicle for a good price. Period. Does such a deal
exist? Yes, indeed! Repossession auctions are becoming more and more
popular across the country. I have been attending them for over 20 years,
and have purchased many cars and trucks at bargain prices – everything from
a brand new car (still with the window sticker on it and 3 miles on the
odometer) for $1,100 below the sticker price, to a conversion van with
99,000 miles on it. Both of these vehicles are still in the family and
running strong.
What I’d like to do here is share my experiences with you, and give you some
tips on how you, too, can find these bargains.
First of all, how do you find the auctions? Your local paper is a good place
to start. Many banks and other financial institutions (such as GMAC) list
the times and places of their auctions in Sunday papers under “Auctions” or
“Cars for Sale”. Also, if there is a “legal publication” in your area, that
publishes court proceedings, bankruptcy notices, etc., this is another
source for repossession auto auction notifications. One other way to find
them is to call your local banks and ask for the Installment Loan
Department. They should be able to provide you with details on their
particular auctions. Many even have regular mailing lists, where they will
automatically send you a notification of their auction and even a listing of
what vehicles will be included. While some institutions restrict their
auctions to dealers only, most will allow the public to attend and bid.
Once you have found an auction, be sure to get all the details BEFORE you go.
You’ll need to know if there are any minimum bid requirements, what type of
payment they need, and what type of paperwork they provide to the
purchasers. Many auctions will sell everything to the highest bidder, no
matter how low the bid is. Still others may have a minimum bid they must
get, or they “buy back” the car and save it for the next auction. Most
institutions retain the right to bid, so be aware that you may be not only
be bidding against other people interested in the vehicle, but also against
the auctioneer!
While most auctions will publish their requirements for payment along with
the auction notification, DON’T assume that that’s all there is to it. Find
out if they expect cash only, certified checks or personal checks. Also,
many require full payment immediately after the sale, while others may
require a non-refundable deposit with the balance due in a few days. All
too often I have seen people make costly errors at auctions because they
didn’t understand these payment rules.
In this day and age of red tape, titles, liens, etc., the paperwork an
institution provides is as important as anything else. In New York State,
for example, if the institution sells the vehicle with “as-is” marked on the
bill of sale, you may encounter a legal nightmare that involves a major
full-vehicle inspection and an 8 to 10 week wait for a title search and
registration procedure that will prevent you from putting the vehicle on the
road for months. It is imperative, therefore, that you find out
specifically what paperwork the institution will give you when you purchase
a vehicle through their auction. If you plan on registering the car right
away, tell them that and make sure you are satisfied that they will give you
what you need. If in doubt, contact your local Motor Vehicle office ahead
of time to insure that you’ll be able to proceed with what the institution
will be giving you. Laws vary dramatically from state to state.
Above all, make sure that all liens have been satisfied before you purchase a
repossessed vehicle. Most banks and financial institutions will give you
some type of form to verify this.
OK… now you’ve found the auction and understand the rules and requirements.
The next step is finding the vehicle that fits your needs. In order to
know what the vehicle’s value is before you bid on it, you’ll need a good
resource of wholesale and retail pricing. One good source is the NADA “Blue
Book”. This book lists cars and light trucks by manufacturer and body
style, giving you the current average wholesale and retail for each. I have
used a book called “Edmund’s Used Car Prices” for the past 15 years or so,
and found them to be a very reliable source. Like the NADA book, it lists
the cars and light trucks by manufacturer and year (usually the past 7 model
years), and provides the vehicle’s original list price, current average
wholesale and retail. It also provides you with a list of popular options,
and what they add to the value of the car or truck. There’s plenty of
details in the book which I won’t go into here. Just make sure you read the
“How to Use This Book” section thoroughly before you start using it.
Options such as air conditioning, power steering and brakes and type of
transmission may dramatically affect the value of the vehicle. Also,
excessive mileage for that particular year car or truck will affect the
value. So, read the book and know how to use it BEFORE you get to the
auction.
The next step will be to get an up-close look at the vehicles. You may find
a car listed in the paper that is just what you want, only to get there and
find out it’s missing a couple of wheels, or the front bumper has been
pushed back a few feet! Unless you know a good mechanic, or have your own
shop and tools, walk away from these damaged cars! Find out when the first
available times are for inspection before the sale, then get there early to
give you time to look things over.
You’ll find the best way to buy at an auction is to not be too specific as
far as what you want. If you think you want a Chevy Celebrity, for example,
take the time to look at the Pontiac 6000s, Olds Cieras and Buick Centurys.
If you want a 2 door, don’t overlook the same type of car in a 4 door
model. The more limited your preferences, the less chance you have of
getting a “real bargain”. Actually, the best way to “shop” an auction is to
first eliminate all the vehicles that you’re NOT interested in. Then you
can spend your time looking over the others.
Once you have determined which ones interest you, take a close look at each
to make sure you have the correct information as to make, model, year,
options, etc., and calculate the book wholesale and retail. If the
institution provides you with a printed list of the vehicles, make notes
about it and write down the prices – don’t rely on your memory. When the
bidding starts, you want to have all the information written down in front
of you so you know exactly where you stand.
As you look over the car or truck, check first to see if it comes with a
proper set of keys. You may assume it does, but most auctions will tell you
that “what you see is what you get”. I have bought 2 cars without keys –
both started right up after I had a set made – but you may not be so lucky.
If in doubt whether it will run or not, you’re best to cross it off your
list and go on to the next. If you are a real gambler, and you’re STILL
interested in it, look at the wholesale of the vehicle, then subtract the
amount of a new motor and transmission (assuming the worst – that they’ll
both have to be replaced) and estimate you cost in time and money of finding
someone to make you a new set of keys.
If the keys are in the vehicle, get in it and start it up. Listen carefully
for clues of possible problems – a grinding starter or a weak battery could
indicate that you’ll need to invest some additional money into the vehicle
after you buy it. If it fires up. listen for knocking or pinging
immediately after if starts. Again, any tell-tale noises will mean you’d
better plan on spending money for repairs if you buy the vehicle. Watch the
mirrors for blue smoke coming from the exhaust – a sure sign of an
oil-burner. That could mean some major engine repairs are needed.
With the vehicle in neutral, rev the motor, and again listen for strange
noises and watch for smoke. Check the transmission to be sure it works, and
the clutch if it’s a standard shift. BE CAREFUL when putting it in gear,
however! You may find that when you ease it into Drive that the car leaps
forward… that’s a bad time to realize that the brakes don’t work!
Whenever you are looking or running an auction vehicle, assume the worst.
Test everything you can while sitting there, and above all, use common sense
and caution when trying out the transmission… after all, there may be
people standing in front or in back of the vehicle, and you DON’T want to
get anyone hurt!
Once you find the engine and transmission work to your satisfaction, test the
radio, air conditioning, heater, wipers, power windows, power seats, lights,
turn signals – try everything, and make notes of those things that don’t
work or may need repair.
Get out of the car, and sight along the body. Are there dents that need
repairing? Has the car or truck been re-painted and/or fiber-glassed in
spots? Do all the windows, doors, hood and trunk open, close and fit
properly?
Look under the hood. Does the battery look good? Check the oil. If it’s low,
it may mean it burns oil or it has a leak. Smell the dipstick. Does the
oil smell “burned” or does it smell like gas or antifreeze? If so, major
engine repairs may be needed. Look at the oil. Is it dark and dirty? Are
there indications of pieces of metal or sludge build up on the dipstick?
More possible engine repairs. How does the engine compartment look? If
it’s covered with sludge or oil, it may mean a bad oil leak somewhere –
again, major engine repairs may be needed. Check the antifreeze and
transmission fluid to see if they are full and clean. Tug on the belts and
hoses to make sure they fit properly and are not loose. Look for loose
wires.
While you’ve got the hood up, look for a maintenance sticker somewhere
(sometimes on the inside of the driver’s door, also). If you find one,
check the date and mileage against the current mileage. Does the difference
seem right?
Now get underneath the vehicle. Look at tread wear on the tires. Uneven
wear may mean alignment or suspension repairs needed. Are all 4 tires in
good shape? If not, figure on replacing the bad ones. Do the springs and
shocks look OK? Check out the exhaust system for holes, rust or missing
pieces. Look at the bottom of the engine, transmission and axle housing. A
thick layer of oil and/or sludge build up may mean repairs are in order.
If the auction really sells the vehicles “as is”, don’t be surprised to find
some odd items of interest in the car or truck. If you find the back seat
full of trash and/or the ashtrays overflowing, chances are the previous
owner was not what you’d call “meticulous”. I have found that the more
trash and junk there is in a car, the better the odds are that they really
didn’t care about it and let important things such as oil and filter changes
slip by!
Finally, look in the trunk. Is the spare tire good? If it shows signs of
uneven wear, it may indicate the vehicle has suspension problems. Is the
jack there, and does it look like it works? Figure in the price of buying a
new one if not.
Now that you’ve looked the vehicle over thoroughly, take a few minutes to
check you notes. Starting with the adjusted book wholesale price (after
adding/subtracting options, etc.), subtract the value of any repairs or
missing parts you’ll have to put into the vehicle. Don’t be shy on your
cost estimates. If you see it needs a new battery, and think a new battery
will cost you $50-$80, assume the highest and take $80 off the wholesale.
Better yet, take off $100 because it’s going to take you time and effort to
go and purchase that battery. Use the same logic for all other repair and
parts estimates. When in doubt, estimate any repairs and/or parts HIGH!
After subtracting all your estimated repairs and parts costs, you’ve got a
good estimate of what this vehicle is worth to you. Cross off the wholesale
price on you list, and write this new amount down. This is the MAXIMUM
PRICE you should expect to pay for this vehicle. At this point, if you are
STILL interested in the vehicle, and willing to do all the work that’s
needed on it, leave it on your list. If not, or if you have any doubts at
all, CROSS IT OFF YOUR LIST and forget about it! Go on to the next one.
Now you’ve got your updated list, along with revised wholesale estimates, and
it’s time to start the auction. If the auctioneer is planning on selling
the vehicles in a certain order, be sure you know where and when “your”
vehicles will come up. That way, you’ll know if the one you really prefer
will be sold before or after another one that you’re considering. This
helps get your mind set to the order in which your list will go.
Try not to show TOO much attention to one particular vehicle, and keep your
thoughts to yourself! “Hugging” a car or stating “THIS is the one!” will
indicate to others that they’ll have to out-bid you. Don’t give them
anything that will help them decide on raising THEIR “maximum price”.
If you’re fortunate enough to have the very first vehicle to be auctioned on
your list, be ready! Virtually without exception, I have found the first
vehicle to be auctioned off goes low, as people are hesitant to jump in on
the very first one.
When it comes time to bid, don’t let the auctioneer or anyone else intimidate
you. Set a plan of action, then stick to it. Your plan should include
starting out as low as possible, and working your way in the SMALLEST
increments possible towards your MAXIMUM PRICE. If the auctioneer says
“Let’s start the bidding at $1,000”, DON’T jump in with a “YES”. Start at
$100. Too many times I’ve seen that happen where someone was anxious to buy
a car worth $3,000, and when the auctioneer opened the bidding at $2,000
they said “Yes” – and got the car on one bid because no one else was
interested in it. Had they started lower, they could have saved some money.
As the bidding progresses, there are two basic styles of bidding to use. The
first is the “psych-them-out” approach. An experienced bidder will let
others start the bidding out, and then as the bidding slows down and it gets
down to two people, he’ll jump in at the last minute and hope that the
element of surprise catches them both off guard. I have used this approach
successfully, but it does take some experience to know when to hold back and
when to jump in.
The second style of bidding is “I-want-it-no-matter-what” approach. This
type of bidder will jump right in at the start and run the bidding up so
quickly that others will realize they have no chance of getting the vehicle
and drop out. Most first time bidders use this approach. The only problem
with this style is that you may find yourself over-bidding on the vehicle
because you get caught up in the bidding and forget your “maximum price”.
There are many variations on these two basic styles of bidding, too. You can
take the second approach, starting early in the bidding and working your way
up quickly, and then drop out at a predetermined amount. Then, when
everyone thinks you’re out of it, you pick up on the first approach and jump
back in at the end. There’s also the style of waiting until the auctioneer
tries to close the bidding with something like “Going once… going
twice…” – where you can jump in with $25 more just before the sale closes.
This takes some experience. The one thing this style usually does is upset
the other bidder and sometimes even the auctioneer, but you’re not there to
please anyone but yourself!
Again, don’t be intimidated by anything or anyone. Stay as calm as possible
and keep a rational point of view throughout your bidding.
As I said earlier, I have been attending auctions for over 2 decades.
Between myself, my father and my brothers, we have purchased over 22 cars
and trucks. Are there “bargains” out there? You betcha! All you have to do
is find them! At a recent local bank auction, here are some examples of
what I saw:
“Book Value” Sold
Vehicle: Mileage: Wholesale/Retail For:
87 Plymouth Horizon 30,264 $4400/$5100 $4150
85 Izuzu Trooper 4WD 46,499 $5500/$6300 $3800
84 Pontiac Sunbird 55,737 $3100/$3500 $1850
83 Olds Ciera – “loaded” 77,377 $3350/$3925 $1900
87 Nissan King Cab Pickup 11,389 $5825/$6625 $4650
87 Ford Escort GT 23,258 $5600/$6300 $5100
86 Jeep Comanche Pickup 69,358 $4775/$5225 $4075
86 Mazda 626 LX – minor damage 29,271 $6400/$7600 $4000

Of course, there WERE some that went for over book value, but in most cases
they were individuals who were “bent” on getting the vehicle no matter what.
There was even an Audi 5000 CS 4 door sedan – with every available option
except turbo and sunroof – that sold for $11,850, while most everyone stood
around and shook their heads in amazement!
All in all, with a little common sense and a knowledge of what to look for,
you can find that “bargain” at your local repossessed auction.

The Reality Of The Situation, By Kortron

( THE REALITY OF OUR SITUATION )

All of you are being faced with choices. Many of you are so
engrossed with your idea of reality you are not seeing beyond the
simplest Illusions around you. You are not alone as Solinus and I
see this even in areas very close to us in our family unit.
But what is reality? Is it something we base life on that
may or may not be a correct situation but that we use as our
basic guidelines in living our lives. I think it is something
closer to our idea of what keeps us safe, secure and in a sense
of well being. It is in other words our security blanket – what
we believe makes our lives work. It is the way we choose to see
life versus what may or may not be life in a true reality.
All of you have through the years heard about other systems,
less free countries where people are taught from a very early age
to accept a system of belief that gives little in return. Infor-
mation is usually censored and keeps, for the most part, other
systems of living out of the direct knowledge of those who are
controled and indoctrinated into a group idea. These scenarios
are based on what a few in power wish as to the way things should
work.
My next question when comparing our society to one of cen-
sorship is how is our system any better than any of these others?
Here is where many will stand up and say it’s better than all the
rest in the world. It may be, but if it is it would not fluctuate
and create suffering in the group following the guidelines of
those few in power running this country.
Look at your present situation. Do you honestly believe it
is faltering because times are bad? Is it possible you have been
brainwashed as many, if not all peoples of other countries are?
And that you will refuse to see it until the people that are
controlling you decide to change things that directly effect the
security blanket you base life on.
Reality dear ones is truth that in its context cannot be
changed. When it is altered in ways that create thoughts of well
being it still remains the same, the alteration becoming the
lived Illusion. Society that gains power by a fellowship based on
any altered truths creating a feeling of well being may give a
sense of security and well being until the real worth becomes
self evident. Then a change by those who are following the Illu-
sion either crumbles or a new altered truth sets a foundation for
yet another crash of its real worth down the line. In reality the
real truth gets put aside for yet another created Illusion.
Each time this happens it opens new awareness in a few which
undermines the real worth of being followers of those creating
this Illusion. The opportunity comes in these times to release a
few from the bigger group not seeing and willing to go on to yet
another false start creating yet another duration of pain and
suffering down the line. This is the cross roads all now face.
This is your chance to stand up as sovereign beings dependent on
yourself and your creator for your existence in these times of
upheaval. Many of you will cower and ask for the old to carry you
into their ideas and projections of the new. Some will say no
there now is another way and see, thus finding truth versus
getting sucked into another round of deceit by following someone
else in their projected idea of how the group will survive the

times ahead.
The truth dear ones is that you are sovereign beings never
meant to follow anyone or thing but the God within. That is the
simplicity of truth versus the diversity burying it that you base
life on while living it on Earth. You’re going to say just plac-
ing myself in the unknown will not create what I need. You’re
wrong and this type thinking will create your next experience of
pain and suffering.
Some of you are now saying what in the heck is this guy
saying. I’m saying there is a link to God in you which many of
you fail to hear when it speaks to you because you’re listening
to false gods telling you an altered aspect of this truth. This
statement is not based on any religious aspect or dogmatic ideal
but stands on its own worth because it is true. Follow this voice
and your whole life will change in the best or worst times to the
absolute reality of your reason for being created. This will
give you freedom over the dominion you are in and all else here
controlling things around you and others that before you believed
effected you.
If your desire is to find truth in your life versus every-
thing else you previously based life on, it is now time to listen
to that voice in you. All else is Illusion. Freedom is opening to
this truth and releasing the Illusion. All else of worth follows
by this simple act.
Peace and Love
Kortron

Building A Skateboard Ramp, Before Skating Was Big.

PRE-BUILDING PLANS

Before you start building your ramp make sure that you read and understand
these plans completely. You’ve got to have a good feeling for what you are
about to tackle or you will probably end up with a mess. There are some
important things to consider before you even decide what kind of ramp you are
going to be building. There is almost nothing worse than starting off on a
project and finding out half-way through that you’re not going to be able to
pull it off because you’ve blown-off or forgotten some important step along the
way.

This is a big undertaking, don’t be embarrassed about asking for a little
help. Ramps are now popping up all around the country at an amazing rate,
chances are good that at least one ramp is already being ridden in your
neighborhood. Go check out a ramp that’s already built and see what kind of
problems the owners have had with it, or get some good ideas for things to do
with your own ramp. Also don’t be too proud to ask dad or some other adult for
help on the carpentry; every man alive likes to believe he is an accomplished
builder and will usually jump at the chance to pound a few nails. If you get
dad to help you, rather than letting the project turn out half-assed under his
supervision, he will probably do all he can to make it turn out good. Who
knows, if he really gets into it he might even float a few bucks towards the
cost of materials. Then, when all the work is done he might appreciate more
the idea of having this big wooden monster sitting in his backyard. You, on
the otherhand, should have no problems appreciating this big wooden monster.
Skate tough or stay in a coma.

Enough planning, it’s time to build some vertical terrain. First of all you
must decide what your limitations are and how this will affect the ramp you are
going to build.

Limitation Aspect #1. Location-probably the most important thing to resolve;
where are you going to put it? Ramps can virtually be built anywhere. We’ve
seen ramps of every description built in backyards, fields, orchards,
sidewalks, parking lots, rooftops, mountain sides and creek beds. First look
at the obvious spots, like your own backyard or a tolerant friend’s pad.
Private property with permission is best for obvious reasons. Putting up a
quarter pipe or lightweight structure is one thing, but sweating out a killer
ramp only to have someone tell you to take it down is not happening.
Warehouses, garages and the like are good sites because they are level, indoors
and away from the elements (cops and neighbors). Check with your city or town
officials in regard to public lands or park and recreation facilities that
might be available. It is becoming more common for local governments to take
interest in the skateboarder’s plight and build a public ramp, check into this
idea with your own.

Ideally, for a decent sized half-pipe like the one described in this book,
you will want to build on a fairly large, flat cement surface (patio, parking
lot, etc.) but a relatively level dirt or grass area will work fine. Be sure
and check out local ordinances regarding construction, you might need a
building permit for the ramp you have in mind. Keep in mind that this is going
to be a permanent structure, once it’s done you won’t want to think about
anything but the next session, so make sure your facts are straight before you
follow through with the construction.

In most cities, the ordinances require that the structure cover more than a
certain percentage of your yard, such as, 30% of the available open space. In
many cases, making your ramp portable (or at least appear so) will help bypass
many of the requirements, such as building permits, etc. Also, most city codes
specify that no backyard structure can be higher than the highest point of the
house. Check into it, once you know what must be done to build your ramp
legally, you will most likely have to abide by some civil laws as well.

It is very rare that all surrounding neighbors will put up with extended
night sessions, trash floating around or boards shooting into their pool or
pegging their backyard pooch. Because of the brash nature of skating and
skaters themselves, it is wise to inform your immediate neighbors of the
possibility of such goings on, and get a feeling for what you can and cannot
do. Believe me, if you push your limits with them, the ramp will not last long
because the law will side with them almost every time.

Limitation Aspect #2. Type of ramp you can afford to build. So you’ve found
the perfect spot; some old lady with a ranch outside of town craves the energy
of youth and has agreed to give you free reign of an acre of land with a nice
swimming hole and rows of pregnant apple trees, no problems there, but now
there’s the question of materials. What do you have to build with?

The materials you are able to get your hands on will basically tell you what
kind of ramp you’ll soon be ripping. Unless you have 20 or 30 sheets of
plywood lying around or a large stack of 2 x 4s you will probably be spending
close to $1000 for your basic 8′ wide, 8′ radius transition half-pipe. Plywood
isn’t cheap and even though 2 x 4s do grow on trees they aren’t just lying
around, but there are ways of getting some free wood. Ripping off wood or
shopping at “the midnight lumber store” can get you busted. We’ve been hearing
some real nightmares about young thrashers getting caught with a load and
getting to see the legal system work first hand. The amount of lumber you’ll
need for your ramp will probably constitute grand theft in most lawbooks so
watch it. Don’t get stopped before you’ve even started. Check your own
backyard or garage for wood and ask friends or neighbors if they have any.
Also, hang around local construction sites and beg for cut-off ends and various
scraps, every little bit gets you one step closer.

Wood is expensive if you have to buy it outright, but it’s plentiful enough
that you can find a bargain if you shop around. Check the phone book for
salvage yards that deal in used wood. Most of the time they’ll have all you
need at a fraction of the cost. You may have to pull a few nails but it’s
worth it. When dealing with these guys try to to bargain for your final price,
you might save yourself even more bucks by not agreeing to the first price they
give you.

Once you have assembled all you can feasibly scrounge, it’s time to start
putting it together. The hard part is over now, you realize your limitations
and you must now decide what type of ramp you’re going to build. You may find
that because of one thing or another you are limited to building a smaller ramp
or quarter-pipe rather than a full-blown half-pipe. Don’t be discouraged if
the ramp forecast looks bleaker than you imagined before, almost any variation
of most big ramp maneuvers can be pulled off on a smaller dimension ramp.
Also, to the beginning verticalist, a smaller ramp is going to be helpful for
training purposes and will keep you shredding until you can move up to big
time. Use what you can to ride what you’ve got; real skaters ignore
limitations.

CONSTRUCTION:

Banked Ramps

There is no reason why any skater who craves vert should be deprived of a
vertical wall or bank to skate. Even if you are flat broke there are things
you can do. In reality all you need is a 3/4″ thick piece of plywood and
you’re in business. Whenever you get the urge to skate a bank just drag out
that old piece of plywood and “set it up.”

If you can get your hands on some 2 x 4s, try expanding on the banked ramp
theme by building a frame for your piece of plywood. Starting with a “banked
ramp” is a good way for the beginning skater/carpenter to get into basic wall
riding and ramp construction at the same time. Quarter Pipes

A quarter-pipe is just what it sounds like, a quarter piece of round pipe.
If you can rustle up at least four or more 4′ x 8′ sheets of plywood and a
decent supply of 2 x 4s you can throw together a small quarter-pipe that will
carry you up to vertical. A cash outlay here will still run around $75 for new
wood.

As far as transition from horizontal to vertical goes there are several ways
of constructing a quarter-pipe. One method is to build an L-shaped framework
similar to the one shown for the banked ramp, except that you create the curve
for the transition with 2 x 4s. By cutting and fitting lengths of 2 x 4 into
place you can make a solid curve and a foundation for the plywood skating
surface. (Fig. 1) The thickness of the plywood for making this type of ramp
should be no more than 3/8″. Using two or three layers of 1/4″ ply is
recommended here for the optimum transition.

Another method of quarter pipe construction involves the use of plywood
templates to form the transition and 2 x 4 cross bracing to support the skating
surface. If you go ahead with this type of design, using the template method,
you’ll need to look ahead to the plans for building a half-pipe for
instructions on how to make templates using the string/compass method. (Fig.
2)

Regardless of the type of method you use to construct a quarter-pipe, the
radius of the transition should measure between 6′ and 8′. Also because you
are building a single sided ramp, you’ll be pushing into the ramp from another
surface such as the street or sidewalk. In this case you want a smooth
connection between the street and where the ramp begins. Try cutting the edge
of the plywood at an angle, where it will meet the asphalt, before you nail it
down. Or, slap a thin strip of sheet metal down over the critical area, tack
it with small nails and finish it off with a length of silver duct tape to
insure against flesh wounds if you have to slide over it. Half-pipe

Here are the plans for building the basic minimum structure needed for
full-on vertical skating (16′ wide, 10 feet of flat bottom, 8′ transitions with
a foot of vertical, hence a 9 foot wall). These dimensions are commonly used
for several reasons. One, plywood is widely available in 4′ x 8′ sheets and 2″
x 4″ and 2″ x 6″ studs are usually bought in 8′ and 16 lengths. Using lumber
of these dimensions will add up to a nice 16-footer without wasting cut-off
ends and creating a lot of unusable scrap. Another reason for the 16-foot size
is that anything smaller is going to seem too cramped for full-on sessioning.
Twelve foot is passable, but if you go 12 feet, it’s almost easier to stretch
it out to 16 feet because of those standard lumber dimensions.

Another point that we should review is that the methods we are discussing
here for building a skateboard ramp will result in an ultimately sturdy
structure. One that can be pummeled year after year without so much as
resheeting of plywood or masonite from time to time. If you have to take short
cuts because of lack of funds or materials, there are ways to cut back. The
size of your ramp for starters. Smaller ramp; less wood. There is also a way
to make your transition templates using less plywood than we discuss here
without sacrificing too much in the strength department. We’ll try to cover
some of these cost-saving tips as we get to them; otherwise, if you’ve got the
materials and the cash, build it big and strong, it’ll pay off in the long run.

Once you have found a site to build on it is important to make sure it is
close to level. Starting with a bottom framework that is level makes
everything else fall into place a little easier once you begin building
upwards. If you’re building on an incline or on otherwise shaky ground, you’ll
want to sink 4″ x 4″ posts at least 2′ into the ground (preferably in cement)
and sticking up high enough at the low end to run a level beam between them.
(Fig. 3)

If the ground is soft, build the framing on top of cement pier blocks placed
at the strategic corners. Posting also lifts the structure off the ground,
thereby keeping rot and insect damage in check for a longer period.

Bottom Framework

This is where the strenth and sturdiness of your ramp lies; the more solid
your initial framework is, the longer your ramp is going to last. This part of
the ramp will be completely covered up so make sure that it is solid before you
move onto the next step.

It is best to use 4 x 4s for the framework but 2 x 4s will work. Lay these
in a rectangular bo� th� siz� o� th� ramp I� ou� cas� i� woul� b� 10� of flat
bottom plus two 8′ radius transitions-26 feet long and 16 feet wide. Brace
this structure with 2 x 4s spaced 6 inches apart under the flat section and a
foot apart under the transitional areas. For more strength, support these
bracings with additional 2 x 4s as shown in the diagram. Place the 2 x 4s in
the frame with the 2″ side facing up and sitting flush with the top of the 4 x
4s. The 2 x 4s will act as a solid base for connecting the plywood to the flat
bottom section. (Fig. 4)

Horizontal to Vertical Transitions

The next step is deciding what radius should be used for the transition from
the flat bottom to the vertical wall. The shorter the radius, the steeper the
incline, is the basic law. We chose an 8′ radius to a 9′ high wall for a fluid
yet thrustable transition to a foot of “true” vert. Larger ramps have been
built with as much as a 9 or 10 foot radius. For larger transitions you should
plan on a higher wall to accomodate some vertical.

To cut out 8′ transitions for your ramp you will need: a sabre saw, a piece
of string or twine at least 9 1/2 feet long, a pencil and a nail. Make a large
compass by tying one end of the string to the nail and the other end to the
pencil at exactly the 8-foot mark.

By securing the nail at one end (use a wooden stake in the ground if a nail
doesn’t work), you can pull the string taut and draw transitional arc on a
sheet of plywood, (Fig. 5) (and you thought that geometry had no place in the
real world).

Using a half sheet laid down next to the full sheet, you should be able to
draw one full transition. Using a sabre saw, cut out the template being
careful to stay right on your pencil line. This is where the smoothness of the
transition begins. To save time, use the first transition that you’ve cut out
as a pattern for the other transition pieces you will need. Or, apply the
string/compass method using a large piece of cardboard instead of plywood. By
doing this, you’ll have a lightweight pattern that is easy to handle for
tracing and insures that each transition is the exact same radius.

You will be able to save on expensive plywood without sacrificing the
strength of your ramp by cutting transition “ribs.” To do this, draw an initial
8′ radius and then readjust your string compass to 9′ and draw another arc
right behind the first one. This will give you a foot wide piece of plywood
with an 8′ radius arc on one side. These ‘ribs’ are then nailed onto the
framework to support the middle of the wall without using a whole piece of
plywood (Fig. 6). Full sheets of at least 5/8″ plywood should be used for the
templates on the four outside corners.

Connecting Templates to Framework

Start by placing 4 x 4 posts in each of the four corners of your bottom
framework. For extra strength sink these 2 to 3 feet into the ground. The
height of these posts will be determined by how high you want your walls and
how much vert. Start with posts 10 to 12 feet high; you can always saw off the
extra length at the top. Use a carpenter’s level to make sure everything is at
right angles and then brace the posts with 2 x 4s.

Now you’re ready to nail the plywood transition templates to the sides of
your framework. Connect the pieces of your templates together first, so that
they form one whole 90 degree arc from flat bottom to vertical. Now position
the completed template flush with the floor section of your framework and flush
with the 4″ x 4″ vertical upright post and tack it on. Do likewise around the
four corners of your framework. Now, for the tricky transition supports in
between the outer templates, you’ll want to build up some 2″ x 4″ framing that
you can hang the transition ribs on. It is important here to make sure all
your transition supports are in alignment with each other. If they’re not,
you’ll find out when you start trying to fit in your cross bracing. Use a line
level to make sure before you start the cross bracing.

Bracing

Building the 2″ x 4″ cross bracing into your ramp framework is an important
step because they supply the main support, as well as the nailing studs for the
plywood skating surface. The strongest method is to notch out the plywood
templates to accomodate a 2″ x 4″ cross brace so that its edge is flush with
the ply edge.

Make a notching “pattern” by using a full transition and tracing the end of a
2 x 4 onto the template. Do this at 6″ intervals at the bottom of the
transition and continue up the wall. Once you are past the impact zone (the
lower 2/3 of the transition) you can increase the distance between notches to 8
to 10 inches.

By making a notching pattern, either of cardboard or plywood and tracing it
onto each of the transition templates, you’ll be sure that the cross bracing is
straight from one side of the ramp to the other and more importantly, flush
with the curve of the transition template. Cut out the notching with sabre saw
and lay in the 2 x 4s.

These are plans for the framework of a basic half-pipe. Before you cover
with plywood there are some things you might want to think about adding to your
ramp. With the addition of stairs, vertical extention, coping, roll-out decks
and canyons you can turn this into a completely raging structure. Once the
plywood has been layed on ramp do your best not to even think about taking it
back up. Decide which extra features you want to add now and then move on
towards the end. Besides being a complete hassle, pulling up a sheet of
plywood after its been nailed down is a great way to waste it. Tombstones &
Extenstions

A “tombstone” is really just an extension of the vertical wall of your ramp.
Having some extra vertical footage on one side (or both sides) of your ramp is
nice for getting those extra gnarly sensations, there’s nothing like a
frontside grind on top of a 12-foot wall with 3 1/2 feet of vert. A tombstone
will also give you that extra launch needed for airs and other bio tricks that
require an extra speed thrust.

Building a tombstone into your ramp framework is easy. Just extend your wall
supports above the ramp lip for as much vert as you think you can handle, brace
it up and ply it along with the rest of the ramp.

If you want to add a tombstone to an already existing ramp, it’s a little
tricky because you’ll want to tie the extension into the subframing for max
strength. Do this by prying up the roll-out deck, adding supports where needed
and secure solidly to the existing framework behind the ramp wall. A good
place for an extension is on an edge or one corner of your ramp, because its
easier to brace there. Once it is in place you’ll be able to use it to get
good speed lines on the opposing wall of the ramp.

Canyons and Rollout Decks

Rollout decking is a must for any ramp. Most regulars will drop off the lip
from the axles or tail or just simply roll in from the top decking. It is also
much safer to ride with a rollout deck because you won’t go over the side on a
miscalculated layback air or rock ‘n’ roll. To add on to your existing ramp,
just build a basic boxlike framework behind the transitions and cover with used
ply.

Roll-in canyons are sometimes rather difficult to install once your ramp has
been completed. The optimum channel width is 3′ wide, manageable yet
challenging enough for ollie/airs and channel plant type maneuvers. A 6 ft.
roll in radius is desirable. This allows you to comfortably drop into the meat
of transition. Learning fakie tricks on the wall opposite the canyon is easier
without having to start from a fakie rock ‘n’ roll position all the time.

Build a channel opening just like a regular transition except upside down.
Start by cutting two 6′ radius transition ‘ribs’ out of some scrap ply. Fit
them in on either side of your channel gap so that they flush up against the
underside of the plywood near the top of the transition and under the rollout
platform. Nail the ribs to the framework of your ramp, 2″ x 4″ cross bracing
in between, and you’re ready to ply down (Fig. 7).

Coping

Coping applications is a must for any skate ramp. One of the best things
about coping is that it keeps the edge of your ramp from getting splintered and
ground up. Not to mention making a ramp extra grindable with less hangups.
Materials for coping are fairly plentiful as well as various in accordance with
different tastes. Here’s a quick rundown of some of the more common cope.

PVC plastic piping seems to be quite popular, plentiful and cheap. It
provides a good sliding grind with or without truck protection and is fairly
easy to install. Rip a length (at least 4′) of 2″ PVC pipe right down the
middle and you’ll have two equal halves that you can work with. Drill small
holes for nails or countersink screws and secure it to the lip.

Real pool coping is, naturally, an excellent choice for a ramp lip. It gives
you that extra bite and just has a more comfortable feel to it. Some skaters
have managed to salvage enough blocks from dirt filled or destroyed pools to
edge their ramps with, otherwise you can sometimes buy blocks at a pool supply
outlet or masonry yard.

Lately we’ve been seeing some other variations on the coping theme. Angle
iron, which is iron bar shaped in a 90 degree angle, has been showing up on a
few ramps. It is easy to apply, provides an ultra durable lip cap that will
last the lifetime of three or four ramps, if not forever, and provides a super
slippery edge for plastic and metal to metal grinding. Arguments against using
iron for cope is that it doesn’t grab well on handplant maneuvers and it hurts
a lot more than something like PVC if you slip and slap your shin against it.
But, you only live once.

Stairs & Ladders

You’re going to want to be able to get to the rollout deck of your ramp,
without running up the wall everytime. Stairs are ideal, but they are also a
bitch to build right. Ladders are not as stylish but it doesn’t take much
expertise to build one. All you need is two 2″ x4″s (minimum size for support)
the same height as your ramp and about ten short pieces for steps. Support the
long pieces and nail in the steps at whatever distance you feel comfortable
with. If you’re still hell-bent on stairs go to the library and check out a
book on carpentry, you should be able to find plans and put together a mean
staircase.

THAT IMPORTANT FIRST LAYER

Let’s recap a few strong points that we’ve already covered. Before you even
think of applying the first layer of plywood you should have solid
reinforcement in the framework and crosspieces of the flat, transition, and
vertical sections of the ramp. The transition should have rigidly supported 2″
x 4″ cross members spaced, at the most, 6″ apart. The floor of the ramp should
be just that: as close to a solid unit as possible. The optimum for this flat
bottomed section would be to build almost exclusively from lumber like a
redwood deck or patio.

Another way to attain a completely rigid ramp floor is to construct it like
the floor of your house with a cement block foundation supporting a solid
framework structure and the entire flat area covered with 3/4″ – 1 1/4″ thick
plywood. The next time you see a house under construction, stop and check out
how the floors are made. It is a simple framework, with HEAVY DUTY plywood on
top. You’ll want your floor as inflexible as possible.

If your transition and vertical cross members are into notches in the
transition templates, make sure they are solidly secured at each notch point.
Get on the side of the ramp and sight down the length of the framework. This
is important because you want the first layer of plywood to flush on each cross
brace to achieve a flowing, ‘kinkless’ transition.

There are a few things to keep in mind when designing the supporting
framework: 1) Floor area plywood pieces must always run lengthwise with the
grain running in the direction of the skating (coping to coping). This means
that the braces under these pieces should be positioned such that the plywood
can be fastened lengthwise along the edges to these supporting braces. 2>
Where two pieces of plywood meet on the transitions there tends to be a certain
amount of straightening of the pieces in the seam area because there are no
internal shear stresses set up in the wood to hold it down. To remedy this, I
would suggest placing extra support brace cross members on either side of the
seam supporting cross members to help hold down the edges of the plywood into a
smooth curvature. 3) If you choose to construct the floor of the ramp with
lumber decking or heavy duty 1 1/4″ plywood, you will only need, at the most,
one layer of 3/8″ on top of that and it should last a lifetime. With this in
mind, design the transition so that the layers of ply stack up to the height of
this single layer on flat. There’s no use in putting three or four layers on
top of a perfectly solid floor. 4) Get out the old geometry book and calculate
the surface distance from the top of one side of the ramp to the top of the
other. This will help you determine how much plywood you will need and it
should give you an idea of the most efficient, economical way to lay it down on
the framework to get the best use of the wood.

Once you have achieved a strong, rigidly secured supporting framework, you
are ready to apply the all important first layer.

Plywood is constructed with cross-grained layers of wood and therefore has
its strength in the lengthwise direction, because there are more plys running
in this direction within the piece of plywood. The same principle can be used
in surface construction of your ramp by alternating each layer of 3/8″ thick
plywood on your ramp: Make the first layer run lengthwise, the second layer
crosswise and the last layer lengthwise again. This will give the best
strength and stability to the riding surface.

If your ramp has a tight transition design you may have trouble bending the
pieces of plywood (especially lengthwise) into the transition without cracking
or breaking them.

To check for this problem, lay your plywood pieced down on the ramp so that
half are on the floor and half on the transition. Now, gently apply steady
pressure to the piece. If it can be flexed all the way down without stress
fracturing, then move it to the transition and try it again. Here you may hear
a few creaks and groans as you ease it into place, but don’t worry unless it
really sounds gnarly. Whatever you do don’t shove it down or have some idiot
stamping on it to jam it in place, it will break instantly. If the pieces of
plywood cannot be eased down gently and steadily into place without them
screaming in pain, then you’ll have to soak them first to get them to comply.

Do this by forming a shallow, flat bath out of a plastic tarp and soak the
wood for a day under water. Make sure you are using exterior grade plywood if
you do this. A way to get around this problem if you are buying new plywood is
to look around for fresh, still damp exterior plywood at the hardware store or
lumber yard and purchase it the day you plan to surface your ramp. Bring it
straight to the ramp site and apply it. You should have no trouble at all
doing it this way.

Make sure they are all positioned correctly and parallel. Now use dry wall,
sheet rock type, screws to secure down the plywood.

It is crucial here to get this layer tightly secured and fitted against all
support members in the flat area and the transitions of the framework. To do
this now on the transitions, the screws must be applied in horizontal rows
working from the bottom of the sheet to the top. Do not merely tack down the
corners while holding down the sheet, then put screws in at random. This will
result in a poor fit to the transition. Each row of sheets must be applied in
step from the floor to the top of the ramp for the best fit.

Make sure you pay attention to details during this first layer application.
Seams should be flush, with corners all joining at a point; sheets with cracks
and defects should be placed facing down and in the outer corners of the ramp.
Your strongest pieces should be put on the middle transition area.

Sheets placed on crooked or gaps left between sheets will cause a compounding
problem that will magnify as you go about laying down the rest of the first
layer. Don’t be conservative with screws. The more screws you use, the closer
the plywood will assume your intended transition, and the smoother and more
solid will be your ride. Make sure all screws go into brace supports. If
there appear to be any soft spots, then replace that piece or build up more
supports and bracing behind it.

FINAL TOUCHES

The second, third and each successive layer of plywood should be alternated
or criss-crossed when applied. It will be much easier to lay these alternate
layers but remember to line up all the sheets so that they are parallel and fit
well together at the seams. Try not to align the seams of the second layer
over the seams of the first, in fact stagger it as much as possible for maximum
strength.

Check the smoothness of the surface, use sandpaper to smooth out any spots
where there might be splinter action. Check out where the sheets of plywood
meet each other, check for nails or screws sticking up and for uneven surfaces.
Check out the supports, stomp on the ramp and make sure it’s solid, give it a
good enough beating that you can be sure it’s not going to come apart on you.

Now that you’ve completed the basic structure, you may want to session it for
a few days to get that initial buzz out of your system. For all intents and
purposes you are done, however, if you still have the funds there are some
things you should do to protect the surface and insure your ramp’s long life.
The dumpings of winter rain and snow and the scorching summer sun on some poor
ramps can deteriorate all that nice wood fast. A little preventive medicine in
the form of surface protection is going to go a long way to preserve your
riding surface.

Painting is the cheapest way to protect your ramp’s surface, not to mention
giving you a chance to personalize it with your art skills. Your basic enamel
(water base) exterior paint works best because it soaks in and dries fast. You
should apply two thin coats rather than one thick coat, letting the first one
dry before applying the second. This will prevent the surface from becoming
slippery.

Water sealant can be added to the layer directly beneath the top layer. The
top layer can be coated on both sides and edges.

Allow everything to dry for at least 24 hours before applying the top layer
to the ramp. This method works well with masonite and will keep water from
seeping in from behind during the wet months.

One of the best surface coverings is SPAR urethane. This will make your
plywood or masonite top layer superfast and ultra-endurable. Apply two light
coats then one heavy coat, allowing it to drip into all the cracks and seams of
the surface layer. About 3 cans will do the job for a 16′ wide ramp.

An expensive route, but one that, if done right, will stay for years is the
application of 1/8″ masonite shower wall on top of a layer of masonite or very
smooth, high grade plywood. Shower walling is a thin, easily bendable, epoxy
coated masonite that is 100% waterproof, and requires no screws or nails to
apply. There are dozens of surface designs available in any bathroom supply
section at any hardware store. To apply this wonder surface you will need
ample amounts of epoxy-base glue, such as linoleum glue, or any strong
industrial adhesive. Slap liberal coats onto each sheet and press with a
rolling pin into place on top of your top layer. Remember, this is a surfacing
technique, NOT a support layer. Shower wall will not increase the strength of
your ramp at all. You must make sure your underplys are very strong and smooth
before applying shower wall. Once applied, you will have the hardest, fastest,
most impregnable surface known at this point in ramp construction.

NOTE: Any of the sealing methods must be done thoroughly so that water
cannot seep under the top layer. When this happens, the moisture will stay in
between the plys because the sealant won’t allow the top layer to breathe, thus
allowing it to dry out. The moisture will cause rot and mildew in the wood and
you’ll have to tear it up.

Now you have your ramp. Our best wishes go out to you and your new
structure, may it be a long-term high-energy affair. If you have done the work
right, shown patience and not blown anything off, then all that’s left is the
ride. Skate unconventionally but stay safe.

OWNING YOUR RAMP

Legality

If you have dealt with the proper legal channels as mentioned in the
beginning of this booklet and your ramp meets local construction ordinances,
etc., then you should have little to worry about, the law cannot get you unless
someone makes a complaint. As mentioned before, your neighbors are the ones
who can put a legal stop to your ramp riding. Bear down and do your best to
avoid offending them and things will go much smoother for you.

If the ramp is up by a neighbor’s fence, put up some kind of catch netting to
stop flying boards. If it is prone to be an eyesore, then paint the ramp a
suitable color or nail paneling around the sides and back. The neighbors may
complain about the noise when the ramp is being skated. This noise comes from
underneath the transitions. You can dampen this noise by stuffing foam rubber,
styrofoam or insulation in the back between the support braces. Even a few old
sleeping bags tacked in place will help.

Set a time limit for sessions and watch the volume of music if you play it.
A lot of neighbors don’t mind the noise but after twelve hours of skating and
rocking most non-skater’s nerves will grow thin. Put out a trash can for
litter.

Liability

It is very important to realize that you are liable for any injuy that occurs
on your property which includes your ramp. People in this country have a very
selfish tradition of blaming someone else if they take a risk and get hurt.
They try to justify their injury by making someone else pay the price in cold
hard cash. With the amount of money-hungry lawyers out there who specialize in
lawsuits, charging no fee unless they win, it’s no wonder that everyone seems
to be getting sued. To avoid this fate yourself, you had better make it clear
to all skaters who ride your ramp that they are riding AT THEIR OWN RISK. Post
a sheet of ground rules easily visible from the ramp. This will minimize the
chance that you and your family will be liable. Make everyone wear all safety
equipment, especially helmets. Many ramp owners require skaters to sign “Skate
at your own risk” type release forms to exclude them from liability. These
rules may seem tiresome and a pain but you are responsible for enforcing them.
It is much better to skate safe, and have your friends do so, than to be
battling in court or living in the streets.

Finally, don’t let things get out of hand around the ramp. You, as the
owner, are responsible for keeping it under control, even if it means telling
some out of line skaters to take off. Many times a new ramp will attract a
crowd you don’t even know who make themselves right at home by barging into
your house for a drink, pissing in your yard or severely thrashing your ramp
and property in a frenzied skate session. It is your right as the owner to
determine the who, when, where, and what of your ramp so don’t let yourself be
pushed around, make decisions and stick by them.

REHABILITATION OF OLDER RAMPS

There will probably come a point after hours of sessioning and multiple
weather beating days, that you will have to make repairs on your ramp. If you
have taken care and preserved the wood with a protective layer then the repairs
should only be minor, usually soft spots, kinks or spongy areas.

A common “solution” to these problems seems to be slapping on more and more
layers of plywood until it “goes away.” This can be very expensive and will
hardly ever work in the long run. We’ve seen the same weak spot resurface in
the exact same place though more than 10 layers had been put on the ramp in
question.

The way to fix these defects is by getting to the root of the problem, like
when you go the dentist: when you have a cavity, he makes sure he gets to the
bottom of it before he starts filling it. If he doesn’t, then you still have
the problem. Most of the troubles on the riding surface are due to weak or
kinked transition structures, look behind the the ramp if possible, where the
problem spot lies. You may find that the cross members are broken or weak at
that point, and need to be braced. If it is possible to do this without
removing any plywood, simply brace the bad cross piece with extra 2 x 4’s or
steel brackets. Often the bad spot is impossible to get to from behind. In
this case, remove all layers of plywood over the spot and support the frame
work underneath. Always replace the plywood with new layers where the soft
spot has been repaired.

When a plywood related surface problem develops, the best solution is to
replace that sheet. A lot of funky methods are used to avoid doing this, like:
cramming the spot with wood chips and duct-taping it closed (works for about
three runs), nailing a scrap of tin over the spot (usually more death than the
spot by itself), or chiseling out the piece of plywood that contains the spot
and nailing in another piece (extremely weak). Replace the entire piece of
plywood whenever possible. If the spot is small and replacing the whole sheet
just seems like a waste, then there are a few alternatives. The best thing to
repair a hole or soft spot with in this case is something resin-based like
fiberglass. Chip the bad area open with a chisel and clean it out good. Now
apply a filler like bondo or fiberglass layers to bring the hole up to the
surface of the rest of the piece of plywood. Once this is dry, lay a piece of
fiberglass over the whole area to make it smooth. Be careful when using resins
to fix holes and soft spots, they set very fast when it’s hot, and you need
acetone to get the stuff off tools or your hands. Fiberglass sticks well to
the wood on ramps and is far stronger than plywood so it will hold up well
under punishment.

Another ramp repair method that has been suggested is using a mixture of
Elmer’s glue and fine sawdust. Once this stuff dries it can be easily sanded
and smoothed flush.

Once again, when making surface repairs in the ramp, get down to the root of
the problem. Most soft spots, kinks, and other defects are caused by flexible
or weak supporting structure (i.e., bent, cracked, or broken cross members), so
this is where the bracing and additional support is needed. Do not neglect to
repair all spots before they become dangerously large.

Build strong and skate long.

A Note About Radiation Damage By The Red Phoenix (1994)

A Note on Radiation Damage

“There is no safe level of radiation exposure. So the question is not: What
is a safe level? The question is: How great is the risk?”

Karl Z. Morgan

There have been three major theories as to how radiation damages living
tissue, all set by physicians. All are approximations, and based on broad
assumptions.

(1) The threshold hypothesis: asserts that there exists a safe level of
radiation. The idea behind this thinking is that if the does is low, then
the cell repair rate is of the order of the damage rate. Hence you get
no resultant damage.

(2) The linear hypothesis: under this theory, you would expect 1 malignant
cancer for 1000 person-rems. For example, you would find one cancerous
patient if you exposed 500 people to 2 rems, or 10000 people to 0.1 rems.

(3) The supralinear hypothesis: the main result here is that for low doses
you get more cancers/person-rem than at high doses. Here they not saying you
get more radiation; instead, you get more damaged surviving cells.

Some Facts

There are 4 types of ionising radiation. These are alphas
(fast moving helium nuclei),
betas (electrons), gammas (high energy EM radiation), and neutrons (highly
penetrating).

How does damage occur? In other words, how does radiation cause cancer?

A typical cell is around 0.02mm across, a cell nucleus is about 0.001mm.

When radiation, say a gamma, enters your body, there is a chance it will
intersect with one of your cells. Inside any cell is a nucleus, which
contains chromosomes. These are essentially DNA helixes. DNA looks like
two entwined strings of nucleotides – the amino acids A, T, C, and G. Across
strands they are paired A-T and C-G. A portion of DNA (a series of these
acids) is called a gene. Genes exist along chromosomes, and they contain
the data for proteins.

If the radiation happens to pass into the cell nucleus (which is a relatively
large entity compared to the rest of the cell), one of 4 things can happen.

All exposure subjects cells to risk. In order of decreasing probability:

(1) radiation goes right thru, no interaction.
(2) radiation does irrepairable destruction, and cell dies.
(3) radiation does damage to nucleus. Cell survives in
this damaged state. After it repetitively divides, it
grows into a solid tumour after 30 odd years – cancer.
(4) radiation does repairable damage, and cell returns to
normal state. (Very low probability).

Possibility (3) is the one to watch out for. During division, the DNA
strands stretch out, and it is during this time which your cells are most
susceptible to damage.

It is also possible for the radiation to ionise the water in the cell
cytoplasm, leading to the formation of free radicals, which can travel
some distance. They can react chemically with the DNA in the nucleus,
interfering with the chemical bonding along the helix.

Two types of damaging interaction can occur with the amino acids.

(a) point mutations
– deletion
– substitution
– inversion
– addition

(b) large scale mutations (chromosome aberrations)
– deletion e.g. retinoblastoma
– amplification
– translocation

It is also possible to have compound breaks along the DNA, which is not
easy for the cell to repair, unlike single strand or double strand breaks.

The cell and nuclear membranes are also susceptible to damage. This could
be due to alterations in permeability/osmosis in the membrane due to the
radiation-induced imbalance of ionised particles.

Once a certain threshold is exceeded, you will start saturating the cells.
This lethal threshold serves to define two categories of radiation.

Effects

EFFECT NATURE THRESHOLD? DOSE DEPENDENCE

Stochastic Non-lethal mutations No Probability of
(somatic or affecting single cells effect increases
genetic) with dose

Deterministic Lethal mutations Yes Severity of
affecting large number effect increases
of cells with dose

Cancer

Stem cells are ones which are able to undergo mitosis when the human body
has reached full maturity. Examples are blood cells, and the cells lining
your intestines. During normal functioning of your body, cell replacement
balances cell loss.

In cancer, a stem fails to stop its mitosis. It and its descendants divide
uncontrolled, forming a tumour. A bit like a binary tree in cell
multiplicity.

Oncogenes are genes which interfere with the cell division process. They
are mutations of proto-oncogenes, whose role are to control cell growth
and mitosis. It is thought radiation promotes creation of oncogenes.

There are also cancer-suppressing genes, which inhibit oncogene formation.
The best known example is the Rb gene, which inhibits retinoblastoma.

After all of this, let me add a fourth idea on radiation damage:

(4) probability of hereditary genetic damage or cancer is a function of:

type of radiation (a,b,g,n) x energy of radiation x dose rate

Here you have 4 discrete degrees of freedom, and 2 continuous degrees: rate &
energy. Assume that there is a cut-off energy for a unit of a particular type
of radiation, E_max, such that if E > E_max a cell will die, and E < E_max
the cell will survive (either in damaged or undamaged state). We are worried
about the E E_max then you get radiation poisoning and
you will definitely die if you get a large enough dose.

The probability of nucleus intersection is a function of radiation type. (The
size of radiation varies considerably.)

The probability of a nucleus being hit twice or more is very low, unless
the number of incident radiation approaches the sample size. In which case
you get radiation poisoning and die anyway.

You get a 6D phase space of statistical mechanics. Supplement this with an
action in path integral form. Plotted, you’d have a 6D graph, unlike your
normal 3D graphs. It’s worse than the 4D spacetime of general relativity.
No wonder the physicicans only plot projections! You can trace out a person’s
history in this phase space, and then give them a final probability of
cancer/hereditary damage.

============================================================================

Plutonium’s Risk to Human Health Depend On Its Form

In a nuclear explosium, plutonium-239 fissions and releases a huge amount of
energy and radiation. But plutonium itself is a highly toxic element that requires
a great deal of care in handling.

Experts agree that the silvery, unstable metal plutonium-239, with a half-life of
24,000 years, is hazardous and sould be isolated from the biosphere. However, the
risks posed to workers and communities by stored plutonium depend on the route of
exposure as well as the particle size, isotope, and chemical form.

Weapons-grade plutonium outside the body presents little risk unless exposures are
frequent and extensive. It emits primarily alpha particles, which cannot penetrate
skin, clothing, or even paper. Nearly all the energy from plutonium is deposited
on the outer, nonliving layer of the skin, where it causes no damage. The neutrons
and the relatively weak gamma photons it emits can penetrate the body, but large
amounts of weapons-grade plutonium would be needed to yield substantial doses.

Workers wearing only lead aprons can handle steel drums containing solid plutonium
metal with no immediate untoward effects. However, as weapons-grade plutonium
ages, it becomes more dangerous because some of the contaminating plutonium-241 is
converted via beta decay to americium-241, which emits far stronger gamma
radiation.

On the other hand, plutonium inside the body is highly toxi. Solid plutonium metal
is neither easily dispersed nor easily inhaled or absorbed into the body. But if
plutonium metal is exposed to air to any degree, it slowly oxidizes to plutonium
oxide (PuO2), which is a powdery, much more dispersable substance. Depending on
the particle size, plutonium-239 oxide may lodge deep in the alveoli of the lung
where it has a biological half-life of 500 days, and alpha particles from the
opxide can cause cancer. Also, fractions of the inhaled plutonium oxide can slowly
dissolve, enter the bloodstream, and end up primarily in bone or liver.

Plutonium oxide is weakly soluble in water. If it is ingested in food or water,
only a small fraction (4 parts per 10,000) is absorbed into the gastrointestinal
tract. However, it may take just a few millionths of a gram to cause cancer over
time. In animals, small doses induce cancer, especially in lung and bone.

In published studies of plutonium’s effects on humans, most subjects were exposed
to multiple sources of radiation. Some researchers say the available health data
on plutonium workers have not yet been used to do careful epidemiological studies,
because researchers have been denied access to much of the data on workers and
military personnel exposed to plutonium. In the studies done so far, plutonium
workers do not show major excesses of any type of cancer.

Becuase of the relative lack of human data, the risks of chronic exposure to
plutonium are uncertain. Exposure standards in the U.S. are based partly on
studies of survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and partly on animal experiments. A
1991 White House Office of Science & Technology Policy studye says that
“sufficient human data are not available to provide accurate risk assessment of
exposure.”

============================================================================

Nuclear Blast Effects

The first thing bomb victims experience is the intense flux of photons from
the blast, which releases 70-80% of the bomb’s energy. See the Hiroshima-
Nagasaki file for first hand accounts. The effects go up to third degree
thermal burns, and are not a pretty sight. Initial deaths are due to this
effect.

Then next phenomenon is the supersonic blast front. You see it before you
hear it. The pressure front has the effect of blowing away anything in its
path. Heavy steel girders were found bent at 90 degree angles after the
Japanese bombings.

After the front comes the overpressure phase. It would feel like being under
water a few hundred metres. At a few thousand metres under the sea, pressurised
hulls implode. The pressure gradually dies off, and there is a negative
overpressure phase, with a reversed blast wind. This reversal is due to
air rushing back to fill the void left by the explosion.

The air gradually returns to room pressure. At this stage, fires caused by
electrical destruction and ignited debris, turn the place into a firestorm.
Just like Dresden in WWII. It is estimated over fifty thousand died in the
first few days of the Hiroshima bombing.

Then come the middle term effects such as keloid formation and retinal
blastoma.

Genetic or hereditary damage can show up up to forty years after initial
irradiation.

The following diagram is of blast zone radii, courtesy of Outlaw Labs.
Note that damage from blast pressure falls off as a function of 1/r^3.

============================================================================

– Breakdown of the Atomic Bomb’s Blast Zones –
———————————————-

.
. .

. . .
. .
[5] [4] [5]
.
. . . .

. . . .

. [3] _ [3] .
. . [2] . .
. _._ .
. .~ ~. .
. . [4] . .[2]. [1] .[2]. . [4] . .
. . . .
. ~-.-~ .
. . [2] . .
. [3] – [3] .

. . . .

. ~ ~ .
~
[5] . [4] . [5]
.
. .

. .
.

============================================================================

– Diagram Outline –
———————

[1] Vaporization Point
——————
Everything is vaporized by the atomic blast. 98% fatalities.
Overpress=25 psi. Wind velocity=320 mph.

[2] Total Destruction
—————–
All structures above ground are destroyed. 90% fatalities.
Overpress=17 psi. Wind velocity=290 mph.

[3] Severe Blast Damage
——————-
Factories and other large-scale building collapse. Severe damage
to highway bridges. Rivers sometimes flow countercurrent.
65% fatalities, 30% injured.
Overpress=9 psi. Wind velocity=260 mph.

[4] Severe Heat Damage
——————
Everything flammable burns. People in the area suffocate due to
the fact that most available oxygen is consumed by the fires.
50% fatalities, 45% injured.
Overpress=6 psi. Wind velocity=140 mph.

[5] Severe Fire & Wind Damage
————————-
Residency structures are severely damaged. People are blown
around. 2nd and 3rd-degree burns suffered by most survivors.
15% dead. 50% injured.
Overpress=3 psi. Wind velocity=98 mph.

—————————————————————————-

– Blast Zone Radii –
———————-
[3 different bomb types]
____________________________________________________________________________
______________________ ______________________ ______________________
| | | | | |
| -[10 KILOTONS]- | | -[1 MEGATON]- | | -[20 MEGATONS]- |
|———————-| |———————-| |———————-|
| Airburst – 1,980 ft | | Airburst – 8,000 ft | | Airburst – 17,500 ft |
|______________________| |______________________| |______________________|
| | | | | |
| [1] 0.5 miles | | [1] 2.5 miles | | [1] 8.75 miles |
| [2] 1 mile | | [2] 3.75 miles | | [2] 14 miles |
| [3] 1.75 miles | | [3] 6.5 miles | | [3] 27 miles |
| [4] 2.5 miles | | [4] 7.75 miles | | [4] 31 miles |
| [5] 3 miles | | [5] 10 miles | | [5] 35 miles |
| | | | | |
|______________________| |______________________| |______________________|
____________________________________________________________________________

============================================================================

Atmospheric Effects of Blasts

The Mushroom Cloud

The heat from fusion and fission instantaneously raises the surrounding air
to 10 million degrees C. This superheated air plasma gives off so much light
that it looks brighter than the sun, and is visible hundreds of kms away.
The resultant fireball quickly expands. It is made up of hot air, and hence
rises, at a rate of a few hundred metres per second. After a minute or so,
the fireball has risen to a few kilometres, and has cooled off to the extent
that it no longer radiates.

The surrounding cooler air exerts some drag on this rising air, which slows
down the outer edges of the cloud. The unimpeded inner portion rises a bit
more quicker than the outer edges. A vacuum effect occurs when the outer
portion occupies the vacuum left by the higher inner portion. The result is
a smoke ring.

The inner material gradually expands out into a mushroom cloud, due to
convection. If the explosion is on the ground, dirt and radioactive debris
get sucked up the stem, which sits below the fireball.

Collisions and ionisation of the cloud particles result in lightning bolts
flickering to the ground.

Initially, the cloud is orange-red due to nitrous oxide formation (cf car
smog). This reaction happens whenever air is heated.

When the cloud cools to air temperature, the water vapour starts to
condense. The cloud turns from red to white.

In the final stages, the cloud can get about 100km across and 40km high,
for a megaton class explosion.

============================================================================

Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP)

A nuclear explosion gives off radiation at all wavelengths of light. Some
is in the radio/radar portion of the spectrum – the EMP effect. The EMP
effect increases the higher you go into the atmosphere. High altitude
explosions can knock out electronics by inducing a current surge in
closed circuit metallic objects – computers, power lines, phone lines,
TVs, radios, etc. The damage range can be over 1000km.

============================================================================

Here are some good references on radiation damage. See also the main
References file.

AUTHOR: Sumner, David, D. Phil
TITLE: Radiation risks : an evaluation / David Sumner, Tom Wheldon, Walter
Watson. — 3rd ed.
ISBN/ISSN: 187078104X
IMPRINT: Glasgow [Scotland], Tarragon Press, 1991
PHYS DESC: 236 p., ill., map, 21 cm.
ADD AUTH1: Wheldon, Tom
ADD AUTH2: Watson, Walter
NOTE 1: Includes index Bibliography: p. 227-229
SUBJECT 1: Radiation–Physiological effect
SUBJECT 2: Cells–Effect of radiation on
[Good introductory work.]

CALL NO: Me f 616.989707 LOW
TITLE: Low-level radiation effects: a fact book: prepared by Subcommittee
on Risks of Low-Level Ionizing Radiation: A. Bertrand Brill … [et
al.]
ISBN/ISSN: 0932004148
IMPRINT: New York, NY: Society of Nuclear Medicine: c1982-
PHYS DESC: 1 v. (loose-leaf): ill: 30 cm.
ADD AUTH1: Brill, A. Bertrand
ADD AUTH2: Society of Nuclear Medicine. Subcommittee on Risks of Low-Level
Ionizing Radiation
NOTE 1: To be kept up to date by inserts
SUBJECT 1: Ionizing radiation–Physiological effect
SUBJECT 2: Ionizing radiation–Toxicology
SUBJECT 3: Radiation injuries
SUBJECT 4: Low-level radiation–Physiological effect

CALL NO: Me 574.1915 BIOL
TITLE: Biological effects of low-level radiation : proceedings of an
international symposium on the effects of low-level radiation with
special regard to stochastic and non-stochastic effects / jointly
organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World
Health Organisation, and held in Venice, Italy, 11-15 April 1983
ISBN/ISSN: 9200101836
IMPRINT: Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1983
PHYS DESC: 682 p., ill, 24 cm. (Proceedings series)
ADD AUTH1: International Atomic Energy Agency
ADD AUTH2: World Health Organization
SERIES 1: Proceedings series (International Atomic Energy Agency)
NOTE 1: English and French
SUBJECT 1: Radiation–Toxicology–Congresses
SUBJECT 2: Radiation–Physiological effect–Congresses

CALL NO: DS 574.1915 KIEF
AUTHOR: Kiefer, J (Jurgen) , 1936- [Biologische Strahlenwirkung. English]
TITLE: Biological radiation effects / Jurgen Kiefer
ISBN/ISSN: 3540510893
IMPRINT: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag, c1990
PHYS DESC: xvii, 444 p., ill, 24 cm.
NOTE 1: Rev. translation of: Biologishce Strahlenwirkung Includes
bibliographical references (p. [415]-435) and indexes
SUBJECT 1: Radiobiology
SUBJECT 2: Radiation–Physiological effect
SUBJECT 4: Radiation protection

To learn more about air explosions, see the Reference by Kinney and Graham,
“Explosive Shocks in Air”.

The Red Phoenix, 1994.

Large Collection Of Quotes By Famous People

“Be what you are. This is the first step toward becoming
better than you are.”
–Julius Charles Hare

“You are all you will ever have for certain.”
–June Havoc

“Don’t take anyone else’s definition of success as your own.
(This is easier said than done.)”
–Jacqueline Briskin

Don’t let your hopes run wild:

“He that lives upon hope will die fasting.”
–Benjamin Franklin

“Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.”
–Francis Bacon

“The ability to accept responsibility s the measure of the
man.”
–Roy L. Smith

“It’s like magic. When you live by yourself, all your
annoying habits are gone!”
–Merrill Markoe

Don’t hesitate:

“Procrastination is opportunity’s assassin.”
–Victor Kiam

“Why always, ‘not yet?’ Do flowers in spring say, ‘not
yet?'”
–Norman Douglas

“People are like stained glass windows;they sparkle and shine when the sun is out, but when the darkness sets in their true beauty is revealed only if there is light within.”

“The follies a man regrets most in his life are those which
he didn’t commit when he had the opportunity.”
–Helen Rowland

“Too many of us are hung up on what we don’t have, can’t
have, or won’t ever have. We spend too much energy being
down, when we could use that same energy – if not less of it
– doing, or at least trying to do, some of the things we
really want to do.”
–Terry McMillan

Never assume that you “know” human nature:
“Man is always worse than most people suspect, but also
generally better than most people dream.”
–Reinhold Niebuhr

“A man is more complex, infinitely more so, than his
thoughts.”
–Paul Valery

“The door of opportunity won’t open unless you do some
pushing.”
–Anon.

“True affluence is not needing anything.”
–Gary Snyder

Always make sure that what you think you see is not just what
you want to see

“Beware that you do not lose the substance by grasping at the
shadow” –Aesop

“God help those who do not help themselves.”
–Wilson Mizener

“Follow your bliss. Find where it is and don’t be afraid to
follow it.”
–Joseph Campbell

“Those see nothing but faults that seek for nothing else.”
–Thomas Fuller
If you would love and be loved, be ready to give your all:

“Love has nothing to do with what you are expecting to get —
only with what you are expecting to give — which is
everything.”
–Katharine Hepburn

“If you give your life as a wholehearted response to love,
then love will wholeheartedly respond to you.”
–Marianne Williamson

“I have accepted fear as part of life – specifically the fear
of change . . . . I have gone ahead despite the pounding in
the heart that says: turn back . . . .”
–Erica Jong

“A wise man will make more opportunities than he finds.”
–Francis Bacon

Don’t confuse wealth and success with happiness:

“It is neither wealth nor splendor, but tranquility and
occupation, which give happiness.”
–Thomas Jefferson

“Success can also cause misery. The trick is not to be
surprised when you discover it doesn’t bring you all the
happiness and answers you thought it would.”
–the artist formerly known as Prince

“It’s pretty hard to tell what does bring happiness; poverty
and wealth have both failed.”
–Kin Hubbard

“Life’s under no obligation to give us what we expect.”
–Margaret Mitchell

“There are two things to aim at in life: first, to get what
you want; and after that, to enjoy it. Only the wisest of
mankind achieve the second”
–Logan Pearsall Smith

“Faith is the only known cure for fear.”
–Lena K. Sadler
“Do not do onto others as you would they should do onto you.
Their tastes may not be the same.”
–George Bernard Shaw

“If a man will begin with certainties, he shall end in doubts;
but if he will be content to begin with doubts, he shall end
in certainties.”
–Francis Bacon

“Optimism is the faith that leads to achievement. Nothing
can be done without hope and confidence.”
–Helen Keller

“Think positively and masterfully, with confidence and faith,
and life becomes more secure, more fraught with action,
richer in achievement and experience.”
–Eddie Rickenbacker

“Other people’s interruptions of your work are relatively
insignificant compared with the countless times you interrupt
yourself.”
–Brendan Francis

“Each day, and the living of it, has to be a conscious
creation in which discipline and order are relieved with some
play and pure foolishness.”
–May Sarton

“What is now proved was once imagined.”
–William Blake

“No matter how big or soft or warm your bed is, you still
have to get out of it.”
–Grace Slick

“Use what talents you have; the woods would have little music
if no birds sang their song except those who sang best.”
–Reverend Oliver G. Wilson

“One of the sources of pride in being a human being is the
ability to bear present frustrations in the interests of
longer purposes.”
–Helen Merrell Lynd

“The first step to knowledge is to know that we are
ignorant.”
–Lord David Cecil

If you would keep your friends, hold your tongue:

“It is important to our friends that we are unreservedly
frank with them, and important to our friendship that we are
not.”
–Mignon McLaughlin

“Don’t tell friends their social faults; they will cure the
fault and never forgive you.”
–Logan Pearsall Smith

“If we all told what we know of one another, there would not
be four friends in the world.”
–Blaise Pascal

“That is what learning is. You suddenly understand something
you’ve understood all your life, but in a new way.”
–Doris Lessing

“Courage is the power to let go of the familiar.”
–Raymond Linquist

“To change and to improve are two different things.”
–German proverb

“Expect trouble as an inevitable part of life and repeat to
yourself the most comforting words of all: This, too, shall
pass.”
–Ann Landers
“Happy the man who has broken the chains which hurt the mind,
and has given up worrying, once and for all.”
–Ovid

“What worries you, masters you.”
–Haddon W. Robinson

“Don’t hurry, don’t worry. You’re only here for a short
visit. So be sure and stop to smell the flowers.”
–Walter Hagen

“Nothing can be done except little by little.”
–Charles Baudelaire

“I recommend that you take care of the minutes, for the hours
will take care of themselves.”
–Lord Chesterfield

“Life is a great bundle of little things.”
–Oliver Wendell Holmes

“Life is what happens to us while we are making other plans.”
–Thomas La Mance

“Life is like a blanket too short. You pull it up and your
toes rebel, you yank it down and shivers meander about your
shoulder; but cheerful folks manage to draw their knees up
and pass a very comfortable night.”
–Marion Howard

“Happiness is a Swedish sunset; it is there for all, but most
of us look the other way and lose it.”
–Mark Twain

“You have no idea how big the other fellow’s troubles are.”
–B. C. Forbes

“Immense power is acquired by assuring yourself in your
secret reveries that you were born to control affairs.”
–Andrew Carnegie

“Hope is a risk that must be run.”
–Georges Bernanos

“When thinking won’t cure fear, action will.”
–W. Clement Stone

Don’t be afraid to make a mistake — go ahead and goof:

“Truth will sooner come out of error than from confusion.”
–Francis Bacon

“If I had my life to live over again, I’d dare to make more
mistakes the next time.”
–Nadine Stair

“If I had to live my life again, I’d make the same mistakes,
only sooner.”
–Tallulah Bankhead

“Life can be real rough . . . you can either learn from your
problems, or keep repeating them over and over.”
–Marie Osmond

“Creating success is tough. But keeping it is tougher. You
have to keep producing, you can never stop.”
–Pete Rose

“Losses are comparative, only imagination makes them of any
moment.”
–Blaise Pascal
“Making the simple complicated is commonplace; making the
complicated simple, awesomely simple, that’s creativity.”
–Charles Mingus

All generalizations are false, including this one.

If you fall from the tree leave the anger on the branches

“I have lived my life according to this principle: If I’m
afraid of it, then I must do it.”
–Erica Jong

“The greatest wisdom often consists in ignorance.”
–Baltasar Gracian

“I go at what I am about as if there was nothing else in the
world for the time being.”
–Charles Lingsley

Remember that wealth is relative:

“He is poor who does not feel content.”
–Japanese proverb

“If your desires be endless, your cares and fears will be so,
too.”
–Thomas Fuller

“I have the greatest of all riches: that of not desiring
them.”
–Eleonora Duse

“There’s no labor a man can do that’s undignified, if he does
it right.”
–Bill Cosby

“No matter how far you have gone on a wrong road, turn back.”
–Turkish proverb

“Always forgive your enemies; nothing annoys them so much.”
–Oscar Wilde

Learn from life:

“[Experience is] how life catches up with us and teaches us
to love and forgive each other.”
–Judy Collins

“A proverb is a short sentence based on long experience.”
–Miguel de Cervantes

“If we could sell our experiences for what they cost us, we
would all be millionaires.”
–Abigail Van Buren

“Unless I accept my faults, I will most certainly doubt my
virtues.”
–Hugh Prather

“If you can’t write your idea on the back of my calling card,
you don’t have a clear idea.”
–David Belasco

“I love the challenge of starting at zero every day and
seeing how much I can accomplish.”
–Martha Stewart

Don’t confuse being alone with loneliness:

“Solitude is the human condition in which I keep myself
company. Loneliness comes about when I am alone without being
able to split up into the two-in-one, without being able to
keep myself company.”
–Hannah Arendt

“I never found the companion that was so companionable as
solitude.”
–Henry David Thoreau

“This great misfortune — to be incapable of solitude.”
–Jean De La Bruyere

“Everything’s in the mind. That’s where it all starts.
Knowing what you want is the first step toward getting it.”
–Mae West

“Difficulties exist to be surmounted.”
–Ralph Waldo Emerson

“Luck is largely a matter of paying attention.”
–Susan M. Dodd

Cultivate your capacity to give:

“To give and not to feel that one has given is the very best
of all ways of giving.”
–Max Beerbohm

“Give, if thou can, an alms; if not, a sweet and gentle
word.”
–Robert Herrick

“Real unselfishness consists in sharing the interests of
others.”
–George Santayana

“All problems become smaller if you don’t dodge them, but
confront them.”
–William F. Halsey

“Pain is the root of knowledge.”
–Simone Weil

“The ideal day never comes. Today is ideal for him who would make
it so.”
–Horatio W. Dresser

Encourage achievement by letting people know you think
they’re up to it:

“Children are likely to live up to what you believe of them.”
–Lady Bird Johnson

“A great manager has a knack for making ballplayers think
they are better than they think they are. He forces you to
have a good opinion of yourself. He lets you know he
believes in you. He makes you get more out of yourself. And
once you learn how good you really are, you never settle for
playing anything less than your very best.”
–Reggie Jackson

“However much we guard against it, we tend to shape ourselves
in the image others have of us.”
–Eric Hoffer

“A successful marriage requires falling in love many times,
always with the same person.”
–Mignon McLaughlin

“The human mind can bear plenty of reality, but not too much
intermittent gloom.”
–Margaret Drabble

“Speak when you’re angry – and you’ll make the best speech
you’ll ever regret.”
–Laurence Peter

Never desert your own line of talent. Be what nature
intended you for, and you will succeed.”
–Sydney Smith

“The brighter you are, the more you have to learn.”
–Don Herold

“There is no sadder sight than a young pessimist.”
–Mark Twain

“If one truly has lost hope, one would not be around to say
so.”
–Eric Bentley

“Let me tell thee, time is a very precious gift of God; so
precious that it is only given to us moment by moment.”
–Amelia Barr

“Our very business in life is not to get ahead of others, but
to get ahead of ourselves.”
–Thomas L. Monson

“Consistency is contrary to nature, contrary to life. The
only completely consistent people are the dead.”
–Aldous Huxley

Happiness is a state of mind, so move to that state:

“The greatest part of our happiness or misery depends on our
dispositions, and not our circumstances.”
–Martha Washington

“The most unhappy of all men is he who believes himself to be
so.”
–David Hume

“Happiness is not a matter of events, it depends upon the
tides of the mind.”
–Alice Meynell

-url for poetry competition
—————————-
http://mailbits.com/ad/poetry19q.asp —-url for poetry competition

“Walk away from it [your problems] until you get stronger.
All your troubles will be there when you get back, but you’ll
be better able to cope.”
–Lady Bird Johnson

“One thing at a time, all things in succession. That which
grows slowly endures.”
–J. G. Hubbard

“I long to accomplish a great and noble task, but it is my
chief duty to accomplish small tasks as if they were great
and noble.”
–Helen Keller

“Worry is interest paid on trouble before it comes due.”
–William R. Inge

Keep trying!:

“The secret of success is constancy of purpose.”
–Benjamin Disraeli

“With ordinary talent and extraordinary perseverance, all
things are attainable.”
–Sir Thomas Foxwell Buxton

“I realized early on that success was tied to not giving up.
Most people in this business gave up and went on to other
things. If you simply didn’t give up, you would outlast the
people who came in on the bus with you.”
–Harrison Ford

“One must change one’s tactics every ten years if one wishes
to maintain one’s superiority.”
–Napoleon Bonaparte

“A great obstacle to happiness is to expect too much
happiness.”
–Bernard de Fontenelle

“Success usually comes to those who are too busy to be
looking for it.”
–Henry David Thoreau

“Laughter is a tranquilizer with no side effects.”
–Arnold Glasow

“Laughter is by definition healthy.”
–Doris Lessing

“If somebody makes me laugh, I’m his slave for life.”
–Bette Midler

“For the happiest life, days should be rigorously planned,
nights left open to chance.”
–Mignon McLaughlin

“To behave with dignity is nothing less than to allow others
freely to be themselves.”
–Sol Chaneles

To be persuasive, keep it to a few well-chosen words:

“To say the right thing at the right time, keep still most of
the time.”
–John W. Roper

“The prime purpose of eloquence is to keep other people from
speaking.”
–Louis Vermeil

“The older I grow, the more I listen to people who don’t say
much.”
–Germain G. Glidden

“If you want a place in the sun, you have to put up with a
few blisters.”
–Abigail Van Buren

Take responsibility when you goof:

“Mistakes fail in their mission of helping the person who
blames them on the other fellow.”
–Henry S. Haskins

“When you blame others you give up your power to change.”
–Anon.

“Fair play with others is primarily not blaming them for
anything that is wrong with us.”
–Eric Hoffer

“The important thing is not that we can live on hope alone,
but that life is not worth living without it.”
–Harvey Milk

“Every man has his own destiny; the only imperative is to
follow it, to accept it, no matter where it leads him.”
–Henry Miller

“A danger foreseen is half avoided.”
–Thomas Fuller

“The day you take complete responsibility for yourself, the
day you stop making excuses, that’s the day you start your
move to the top.”
–O. J. Simpson

“Write it on your heart that every day is the best day of the
year.”
–Ralph Waldo Emerson

“If you want to be listened to, you should put in time
listening.”
–Marge Piercy

Don’t despair, the sun will come up:

“The weariest night, the longest day, sooner or later must
perforce come to an end.”
–Baroness Orczy

“Hold your head high, stick your chest out. You can make it.
It gets dark sometimes, but morning comes . . . .”
–Rev. Jesse Jackson

“The morning is wiser than the evening.”
–Russian proverb

“Every moment that I am centered in the future, I suffer a
temporary loss of this life.”
–Hugh Prather

Don’t hold people to too high a standard:

“When nobody around you measures up, it’s time to check your
yardstick.”
–Bill Lemly

“Because you’re not what I would have you be, I blind myself
to who, in truth, you are.”
–Madeline L’Engle

“If you expect perfection from other people, your whole life
is a series of disappointments, grumbling and complaints.
If, on the contrary, you pitch your expectations low, taking
folks as the inefficient creatures which they are, you are
frequently surprised by having them perform better than you
had hoped.”
–Bruce Barton

If taking vitamins doesn’t keep you healthy enough, try more
laughter:

“The most wasted of all days is that on which one has not
laughed.”
–Nicolas-Sebastien Chamfort

“Laughter is a tranquilizer with no side effects.”
–Arnold Glasow

“We are all here for a spell, get all the good laughs you
can.”
–Will Rogers

“The secret of a leader lies in the tests he has faced over
the whole course of his life and the habit of action he
develops in meeting those tests.”
–Gail Sheehy

“The truth is more important than the facts.”
–Frank Lloyd Wright

“The man who has no inner life is the slave of his
surroundings.”
–Henri Frederic Amiel

“The wisdom of life consists in the elimination of
nonessentials.”
–Lin Yutang

Marriage is a work in progress, so keep working at it:

“The more you invest in a marriage, the more valuable it
becomes.”
–Amy Grant

“We all have a childhood dream that when there is love,
everything goes like silk, but the reality is that marriage
requires a lot of compromise.”
–Raquel Welch

“A sound marriage is not based on complete frankness; it is
based on a sensible reticence.”
–Morris L. Ernst

“Hope sees the invisible, feels the intangible and achieves
the impossible.”
–Anon.

“We must use time as a tool, not as a crutch.”
–John F. Kennedy

“He who begins many things finishes but a few.”
–Italian proverb

Carve your own path through life:

“We only do well the things we like doing.”
–Colette

“Each bird must sing with his own throat.”
–Henrik Ibsen

“Learn as if you were going to live forever. Live as if you
were going to die tomorrow.”
–Anon.

“Effort only fully releases its reward after a person refuses
to quit.”
–Napoleon Hill

“Courage is rarely reckless or foolish . . . courage usually
involves a highly realistic estimate of the odds that must be
faced.”
–Margaret Truman

“All serious daring starts from within.”
–Eudora Welty

“Life is not a static thing. The only people who do not
change their minds are incompetents in asylums, and those in
cemeteries.”
–Everett McKinley Dirksen

Seize the day — it’s the only one you can be sure you’ll
have:

“Seize today, and put as little trust as you can in the
morrow.”
–Horace

“When you cease to make a contribution, you begin to die.”
–Eleanor Roosevelt

“Never give way to melancholy; resist it steadily, for the
habit will encroach.”
–Sydney Smith

“If you don’t want to work you have to work to earn enough
money so that you won’t have to work.”
–Ogden Nash

“Two can live as cheaply as one – if they both have good
jobs.”
–Laurence Peter

“Our greatest glory consists not in never falling, but in
rising every time we fall.”
–Ralph Waldo Emerson

“Happy people plan actions, they don’t plan results.”
–Dennis Wholey

“All problems become smaller if you don’t dodge them, but
confront them.”
–William F. Halsey

“The greatest pleasure of a dog is that you may make a fool
of yourself with him, and not only will he not scold you, but
he will make a fool of himself, too.”
–Samuel Butler

“Only passions, great passions, can elevate the soul to great
things.”
–Denis Diderot

“You grow up the day you have your first real laugh – at
yourself.”
–Ethel Barrymore

“You win the victory when you yield to friends.”
–Sophocles

Time is a fixed income and, as with any income, the real
problem facing most of us is how to live successfully within
our daily allotment.”
–Margaret B. Johnstone

“What we love to do , we find time to do.”
–John L. Spalding

“Patience and fortitude conquer all things.”
–Ralph Waldo Emerson

“Avoiding danger is no safer in the long run than outright
exposure. The fearful are caught as often as the bold.”
–Helen Keller

“If you think you can, you can. And if you think you can’t,
you’re right.”
–Mary Kay Ash

If you decide to go for it, do it with spirit:
“Sometimes success is due less to ability than to zeal.”
–Charles Buxton

“A man can succeed at almost anything for which he has
unlimited enthusiasm.”
–Charles M. Schwab

Sadness is not sadness…it is happiness in a black coat
Death is not death … it is life that jumped off a cliff
Tears are not tears…they are balls of laughter dipped in salt
–Paul Mcartney

“Life is not always what one wants it to be, but to make the
best of it, as it is, is the only way of being happy.”
–Jennie Jerome Churchill

“One enemy is too many; a hundred friends too few.”
–Anon.

“Sharing what you have is more important than what you have.”
–Albert M. Wells, Jr.

“Once the ‘what’ is decided, the ‘how’ always follows. We
must not make the ‘how’ an excuse for not facing and
accepting the ‘what.'”
–Pearl Buck

“There’s nothing like eavesdropping to show you that the
world outside your head is different from the world inside
your head.”
–Thornton Wilder

“No one really listens to anyone else, and if you try it for
a while you’ll see why.”
–Mignon McLaughlin

Don’t make the mistake of thinking that there’s only one
course for a relationship to take:

“The biggest mistake is believing that there is one right way
to listen, to talk, to have a conversation – or a
relationship.”
–Deborah Tannen

“Ideally, couples need three lives; one for him, one for her,
and one for them together.”
Jacqueline Bisset

“A failure is a man who has blundered, but is not able to
cash in on the experience.”
–Elbert Hubbard

“The more I want to get something done, the less I call it
work.”
–Richard Bach

To maximize your chance to be happy, keep busy:

“The only way to avoid being miserable is not to have enough
leisure to wonder whether you are happy or not.”
George Bernard Shaw

“Happiness walks on busy feet.”
–Kitte Turmell

“To attain happiness in another world we need only to believe
something; to secure it in this world, we must do something.”
–Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Sometimes acceptance is just as important as striving and
struggle:

“Acceptance of what happened is the first step to overcoming
the consequence of any misfortune.”
–William James

“Things turn out best for people who make the best of the way
things turn out.”
–Anon.

“What we call reality is an agreement that people have
arrived at to make life more livable.”
–Louise Nevelson

“Don’t let other people tell you what you want.”
–Pat Riley

“We are what we believe we are.”
–Benjamin N. Cardozo

“You must accept that you might fail; then, if you do your
best and still don’t win, at least you can be satisfied that
you tried. If you don’t accept failure as a possibility, you
don’t set high goals, you don’t branch out, you don’t try –
you don’t take the risk.”
–Rosalynn Carter

“One never knows what each day is going to bring. The
important thing is to be open and ready for it.”
–Henry Moore

“You cannot plan the future by the past.”
–Edmund Burke

Try to find a workable balance between thought and feeling:

“All great discoveries are made by men whose feelings run
ahead of their thinking.”
–C. H. Parkhurst

“The head never rules the heart, but just becomes its partner
in crime.”
–Mignon McLaughlin

“Emotion has taught mankind to reason.”
–Marquis de Vauvenargues

“Life is just a series of trying to make up your mind.”
–Timothy Fuller

“Life’s under no obligation to give us what we expect. We
take what we get and are thankful it’s no worse than it is.”
–Margaret Mitchell

“Yesterday’s errors let yesterday cover.”–Susan Coolidge

“To conquer fear is the beginning of wisdom.”–Bertrand Russell

“Worry often gives a small thing a big shadow.”–Swedish proverb

Don’t become obsessed with finding happiness:

“The happy people are failures because they are on such good
terms with themselves that they don’t give a damn.”–Agatha Christie

“Happiness comes uninvited: and the moment that you are
conscious that you are happy, you are no longer happy.”–J. Krishnamurti

1.Some people complain because God put thorns on roses,while others praise Him for putting roses among thorns.
2.A person’s true character is revealed by what he does when no one is
watching.
3.Although the tongue weighs very little, very few people are able to hold it.
4. Success in a marriage is more than finding the right person. It’s
becoming the right person.
5.Falling down doesn’t make you a failure, but staying down does.
6.Don’t be afraid of pressure. Remember that pressure is what turns a lump of coal into a diamond.
7.Even a woodpecker owes his success to the fact that he uses his head.
8.The poorest of all men is not the man without a cent but the man without a dream.
9.The only preparation for tomorrow is the right use of today.
10.People don’t care how much you know until they know how much you care.
11.Temper is what gets most of us into trouble. Pride is what keeps us
there.
12.The difference between ordinary and extraordinary is that little “extra.”

13. The heart is the happiest when it beats for others.
14.One thing you can learn by watching the clock is that it passes time by
keeping its hands busy.

Obstacles are those frightful things u see when u take ur eyes of your goals.

“It takes as much courage to have tried and failed as it does
to have tried and succeeded.” –Anne Morrow Lindbergh

“Pity costs nothing and ain’t worth nothing.” –Josh Billings

“More tears are shed over answered prayers than unanswered ones.”
–Saint Teresa of Avila

You don’t have to get all of it right all of the time:
“The essence of man is imperfection.” –Norman Cousins

It’s great to have a sense of humor, but remember there are limits:

“If it bends, it’s funny; if it breaks, it’s not funny.” –Woody Allen

“Everything is funny as long as it’s happening to someone else.” –Will Rogers

“Each day comes bearing its own gifts. Untie the ribbons.”
–Ruth Ann Schabaker

“Greed lessens what is gathered.” –Arab proverb

“Be happy. It’s one way of being wise.” –Colette

–BEAUTIFUL WORDS TO LIVE BY

1. Anger is a condition in which the tongue works faster than
the mind.

2. You can’t change the past, but you can ruin the present by
worrying over the future.

3. Love ……and you shall be loved.

4. God always gives His best to those who leave the choice
with Him.

5. All people smile in the same language.

6. A hug is a great gift..one size fits all. It can be
given for any occasion and it’s easy to exchange.

7. Everyone needs to be loved…especially when they do not

deserve it.

8. The real measure of a man’s wealth is what he has
invested in eternity.

10. Everything has beauty but not everyone sees it.

11. It’s important for parents to live the same things they
teach.

12. If you fill your heart with regrets of yesterday and the
worries of tomorrow, you have no today to be thankful for.

13. Happy memories never wear out…. relive them as often
as you want.

14. Home is the place where we grumble the most, but are
often treated the best.

15. Man looks at outward appearance but the Lord looks
within.

16. The choice you make today will usually affect tomorrow.

17. Take time to laugh for it is the music of the soul.

18. If anyone speaks badly of you, live so none will believe it.

19. Patience is the ability to idle your motor when you feel.
like stripping your gears.

20. Love is strengthened by working through conflicts together.

21. The best thing parents can do for their children is to
love each other.

22. Harsh words break no bones but they do break hearts.

23. To get out of a difficulty, one usually must go through it.

24. We take for granted the things that we should be giving
thanks for.

25. Love is the only thing that can be divided without being
diminished.

26. Happiness is enhanced by others but does not depend upon
others.

27. You are richer today if you have laughed, given or
forgiven.

28. For every minute you are angry with someone, you lose 60
seconds of happiness that you can never get back.

29. Do what you can, for who you can, with what you have, and
where you are.

30. The best gifts to give

To your friend – loyalty
To your enemy – forgiveness;
To your boss – service;
To a child – a good example;
To your parents – gratitude and devotion;
To your mate – love and faithfulness;
To ME – ur true self.

“One must lose one’s life in order to find it.”
–Anne Murrow Lindbergh

“Enthusiasm is nothing more or less than faith in action.”
–Henry Chester

“They can because they think they can.”
–Virgil

Life is tough enough without manufacturing things to worry
about:

“Real difficulties can be overcome, it is only the imaginary
ones that are unconquerable.”
–Theodore N. Vail

“If I knew what I was so anxious about, I wouldn’t be so
anxious.”
–Mignon McLaughlin

“I don’t know the key to success, but the key to failure is
trying to please everybody.”
–Bill Cosby

“A mistake is evidence that someone tried to do something.”
–Anon.”No animal ever invented anything as bad as drunkenness — or
so good as drink.”
–G. K. Chesterton

“People who drink to drown their sorrow should be told that
sorrow knows how to swim.”
–Ann Landers

“Any man’s life will be filled with constant and unexpected
encouragement if he makes up his mind to do his level best
each day.”
–Booker T. Washington

“I walk firmer and more secure up hill than down.”
–Michel de Montaigne

“We cannot solve life’s problems except by solving them.”
–M. Scott Peck

Don’t even try to understand love:

“There isn’t any formula or method. You learn to love by
loving — by paying attention and doing what one thereby
discovers has to be done.”
–Aldous Huxley

“Love involves a peculiar unfathomable combination of
understanding and misunderstanding.”
–Diane Arbus

“If love is the answer, could you please rephrase the
question?”
–Lily Tomlin

“Hope is the feeling you have that the feeling you have isn’t
permanent.”
–Jean Kerr

“Rudeness is the weak man’s limitation of strength.”
–Eric Hoffer

“If you are sure you understand everything that is going on,
you are hopelessly confused.”
–Walter Mondale

Use your memory positively, not just for nostalgia:

“One thing you will probably remember well is anytime you
forgive and forget.”
–Franklin P. Jones

“God gave us memory that we might have roses in December.”
–James M. Barrie

“We must always have old memories and young hopes.”
–Arsene Houssaye

“No leader can be too far ahead of his followers.”
–Eleanor Roosevelt

“Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity.”
–Darrel Royal

“Excellence costs a great deal.”
–May Sarton

Next time you start to groan at friend’s pun, ask yourself:
Am I just be jealous?:

“A person reveals his character by nothing so clearly as the
joke he resents.”
–G. C. Lichtenberg

To be successful in life, learn the art of prioritizing:

“One cannot collect all the beautiful shells on the beach.”
–Anne Morrow Lindbergh

“Pick battles big enough to matter, small enough to win.”
–Jonathan Kozol

“First things first, second things never.”
–Shirley Conran

“Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.”
–Frank Tyger

“What we think, we become.”
–Buddha

“Choosing a goal and sticking to it changes everything.”
–Scott Reed

Be careful that money doesn’t overshadow meaning in your
life:

“Success is important only to the extent that it puts one in
a position to do more things one likes to do.”
–Sara Caldwell

“Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become
a man of value.”
–Albert Einstein

“To me success means effectiveness in the world, that I am
able to carry my ideas and values into the world – that I am
ale to change it in positive ways.”
–Maxine Hong Kingston

Be realistic in assessing your ability:

“If you count all your assets you always show a profit.”
–Robert Quillen

“Analyzing what you haven’t got as well as what you have is a
necessary ingredient of a career.”
–Grace Moore

“Every great mistake has a halfway moment, a split second
when it can be recalled and perhaps remedied.”
–Pearl S. Buck

“Life is a battle in which we fall from wounds we receive in
running away.”
–William L. Sullivan

“Shared joy is a double joy; shared sorrow is half a sorrow.”
— Swedish proverb

Whatever you do in life, don’t get stuck:

“If you don’t like something change it; if you can’t change
it, change the way you think about it.”
— Mary Engelbreit

“You live longer once you realize that any time spent being
unhappy is wasted.” — Ruth E. Renkl

“Unhappiness is not knowing what we want and killing
ourselves to get it.” –Don Herold

“Don’t marry the person you think you can live with; marry
only the individual you think you can’t live without.”
–Dr. James C. Dobson

The only good way to deal with fear is head-on:

“Anything I’ve ever done that ultimately was worthwhile…
initially scared me to death.” — Betty Bender

“If a man harbors any sort of fear, it . . . makes him
landlord to a ghost.” — Lloyd Douglas

“Kill the snake of doubt in your soul, crush the worms of
fear in your heart and mountains will move out of your way.”
— Kate Seredy

“You’ve got to do your own growing, no matter how tall your
grandfather was.”
–Irish Proverb

“Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them.”
— Brendan Francis

“What do you want most to do? That’s what I have to keep
asking myself, in the face of difficulties.”
–Katherine Mansfield

Never doubt the value of doubt:

“If you don’t control your mind, someone else will.”
–John Allston

“Don’t rent space to anyone in your head.”
–Anon.

“I respect faith, but doubt is what gets you an education.”
–Wilson Mizner

“There is only one quality worse than hardness of heart and
that is softness of head.” –Teddy Roosevelt

“Creative minds have always been known to survive any kind of
bad training.” –Anna Freud

“True success is overcoming the fear of being unsuccessful.”
–Paul Sweeney

Use fear to your advantage:

“What you are afraid to do is a clear indicator of the next
thing you need to do.” –Anon.

“I wanted to be scared again . . . I wanted to feel unsure
again. That’s the only way I learn, the only way I feel
challenged.” –Connie Chung

“Constant exposure to dangers will breed contempt for them.”
–Seneca

“The secret of happiness is this: Let your interests be as
wide as possible, and let your reactions to the things and
persons that interest you be as far as possible friendly
rather than hostile.” –Bertrand Russell

“Talent is what you possess; genius is what possesses you.”
–Malcolm Cowley

You can be rational without being too logical:

“It is slavery to live in the mind unless it has become part
of the body.”
–Kahlil Gibran

“The remarkable thing about the human mind is its range of
limitations.”
–Celia Green

“The mind can also be an erogenous zone.”
–Raquel Welch

“We learn from experience. A man never wakes up his second
baby just to see it smile.”
–Grace Williams

“A man never discloses his own character so clearly as when
he describes another’s.”
–Jean Paul Richter

Philosophy is terrific, but you still have to make a living:

“Money is like a sixth sense, without which you cannot make a
complete use of the other five.”
–WS. Somerset Maughm

“The impossible is often the untried.”
–Jim Goodwin

“Silence is one of the hardest things to refute.”
–Josh Billings

“The family you come from isn’t as important as the family
you’re going to have.”
–Ring Lardner

When you travel, leave the beaten path and learn something
new:

“If you reject the food, ignore the customs, fear the
religion and avoid the people, you might better stay home.”
–James Michener

“There is nothing mysterious about originality, nothing
fantastic. Originality is merely the step beyond.”
–Louis Danz

“It is awfully important to know what is and what is not your
business.”
–Gertrude Stein

Men are like fine wine. They all start out like grapes, and
it’s our job to stomp on them and keep them in the dark until
they mature into something you’d like to have dinner with.

Accept and believe in yourself:

“I care not what others think of what I do, but I care very
much about what I think of what I do. That is character!
–Teddy Roosevelt

“From self alone expect applause.”
–Marion L. Burton

“One machine can do the work of fifty ordinary men. No
machine can do the work of one extraordinary man.”
–Elbert Hubbard

Don’t spread yourself thin:

“To do two things at once is to do neither.”
–Publius Syrus

“Concentrate your energies, your thoughts and your
capital…. The wise man puts all his eggs in one basket and
watches the basket.”
–Andrew Carnegie

“Each man is capable of doing one thing well. If he attempts
several, he will fail to achieve distinction in any.”
–Plato

“If you can’t accept losing, you can’t win.”
–Vince Lombardi

“Putting off an easy thing makes it hard. Putting off a hard
think makes it impossible.”
–George C. Lorimer

“Music melts all the separate parts of our bodies together.”
–Anais Nin

“The ability to simplify means to eliminate the unnecessary
so that the necessary may speak.”
–Hans Hoffman

“Don’t sit down and wait for the opportunities to come; you
have to get up and make them.”
–Madame C. J. Walker

“The key to change . . . is to let go of fear.”
–Rosanne Cash

“Production is not the application of tools to materials, but
logic to work.”
–Peter Drucker

“Success seems to be largely a matter of hanging on after
others have let go.”
–William Feather

“Success generally depends upon knowing how long it takes to
succeed.”
–Charles de Montesquieu

“He that can’t endure the bad will not live to see the good.”
–Yiddish proverb

“Wishing does not make a poor man rich.”
–Arab proverb

“Good luck is often with the man who doesn’t include it in
his plans.”
–Anon.

“The object of education is to prepare the young to educate
themselves throughout their lives.”
–Robert Maynard Hutchins

“Education is what survives when what has been learnt has
been forgotten.”
–B. F. Skinner

“Only fools and dead men don’t change their minds. Fools
won’t and dead men can’t.”
–John H. Patterson

“A day is a span of time no one is wealthy enough to waste.”
–Anon.

“Necessity is the mother of taking chances.”
–Mark Twain.

Don’t just think, act!:

“One’s feelings waste themselves in words; they ought all to
be distilled into action . . . which bring results.”
–Florence Nightingale

“If you can talk brilliantly about a problem, it can create
the consoling illusion that it has been mastered.”
–Stanley Kubrick

“We have too many sounding words and too few actions that
correspond with them.”
–Abigail Adams

“The time is always right to do what is right.”
–Martin Luther King, Jr.

“To be what we are, and to become what we are capable of
becoming, is the only end of life.”
–Robert Louis Stevenson

“The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of
their dreams.”
–Eleanor Roosevelt

“You can only predict things after they have happened.”
–Eugene Ionesco

Never mind tomorrow, TODAY is the day:

“We create our fate every day we live.”
–Henry Miller

“Write it on your heart that every day is the best day of the
year.”
–Ralph Waldo Emerson

“Happiness is not the absence of conflict, but the ability to
cope with it.”
–Anon.

“Changes are not predictable; but to deny them is to be an
accomplice to one’s own unnecessary vegetation.”
–Gail Sheehy

“There are two kinds of talent, man-made talent and God-given
talent. With man-made talent you have to work very hard.
With God-given talent, you just touch it up once in a while.”
–Pearl Bailey

“We have to dare to be ourselves, however frightening or
strange that self may prove to be.”
–May Sarton

“If you wait for inspiration you’ll be standing on the corner
after the parade is a mile down the street.”
–Ben Nicholas

To get on in life, face forward:

“Life is a series of collisions with the future; it is not a
sum of what we have been but what we yearn to be.”
–Jose Ortega y Gassett

“The past always looks better than it was. It’s only pleasant
because it isn’t here.”
–Finley Peter Dunne

“We are tomorrow’s past.”
–Mary Webb

“To remain young one must change.”
–Alexander Chase

“The most exhausting thing in life is being insincere.”
–Anne Morrow Lindbergh

“Nice guys finish last.”
–Leo Durocher

“Without victory there is no survival!”
–Winston Churchill

“If we cannot do what we will, we must will what we can.”
–Yiddish proverb

At work, especially, be discrete:

“Set a watch, O Lord, before my mouth, keep the door of my
lips.”
–Bible (Psalms, 141:3)

“It does not always pay to have a golden tongue unless one
has the ability to hold it.”
–Paul Johnson

“Drink the first. Sip the second slowly. Skip the third.”
–Knute Rockne

“The world belongs to the enthusiast who keeps cool.”
–William McFee

“There are three ingredients in the good life: learning,
earning and yearning.”
–Christopher Morely

“Reflect upon your present blessings, of which every man has
many – not on your past misfortunes, of which all men have
some.”
–Charles Dickens

“Applause is the spur of noble minds, the end and aim of weak
ones.”
–Charles Caleb Colton

“No one person can possibly combine all the elements supposed
to make up what everyone means by friendship.”
–Francis Marion Crawford

Vary your friendships:

“I cannot concentrate all my friendship on any single one of
my friends because no one is complete enough in himself.”
–Anais Nin

“Fortify yourself with a flock of friends! You can select
them at random, write to one, dine with one, visit one, or
take your problems to one. There is always at least one who
will understand, inspire, and give you the lift you may need
at the time.”
–George Matthew Adams

“If you’re smart, you’ll be humble. There always is somebody
who hasn’t read a book and knows twice as much as you do.”
–David Duchonvy

“The healthy and strong individual is the one who asks for
help when he needs it.”
–Rona Barrett

If you find yourself in a heated argument, make sure it’s
about something more than hot air:

“The most savage controversies are about matters as to which
there is no good evidence either way.”
–Bertrand Russell

“How many a dispute could have been deflated into a single
paragraph if the disputants had dared to define their terms.”
–Aristotle

“There’s only one thing worse than the man who will argue
over anything, and that’s the man who will argue over
nothing.”
–Laurence Peter

We talk on principle, but we act on interest.”
–Walter Savage Landor

If you’re feeling down, try throwing yourself into your work:

“Nobody ever drowned in his own sweat.”
–Ann Landers

“If you’re looking for perfection, look in the mirror. If you
find it there, expect it elsewhere.”
–Malcolm Forbes

“Show me a person who has never made a mistake and I’ll show
you someone who has never achieved much.”
–Joan Collins

“Many a man curses the rain that falls upon his head, and
knows not that it brings abundance to drive away hunger.”
–St. Basil

“The block of granite, which was an obstacle in the path of
the weak, becomes a stepping stone in the path of the
strong.”
–Thomas Carlyle

“. . . if you can tell the difference between good advice and
bad advice, you don’t need advice.”
–Laurence J. Peter

“If someone gives you so-called good advice, do the opposite;
you can be sure it will be the right thing nine out of ten
times.”
–Anselm Feuerbach

“Old people love to give good advice; it compensates them for
their inability to set a bad example.”
–Duc de La Rochefoucald

“Never does the human soul appear so strong as when it
foregoes revenge, and dares forgive an injury.”
–E. H. Chapin

“Even if you’re on the right track, you’ll get run over if
you just sit there.”
–Will Rogers

“As every thread of gold is valuable, so is every moment of
time.”
–John Mason

Don’t let your limitations overshadow your talents:

“Learning too soon our limitations, we never learn our
powers.”
–Mignon McLaughlin

Avoid compulsively making things worse:

“If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.”
–Anon.

“When it is not necessary to make a decision, it is necessary
not to make a decision.”
–Lord Falkland

“Better is the enemy of good.”
–Anon.

“There is a time for departure even when there’s no certain
place to go.”
–Tennessee Williams

“The man who insists on seeing with perfect clearness before
he decides, never decides.”
–Henri Fredric Amiel

“The difficulties of life are intended to make us better, not
bitter.”
–Anon.

“Change is the watchword of progression.”
–Ella Wheeler Wilcox

Marriage is a three-ring circus: engagement ring, wedding
ring, and suffering!

“The trouble with many married people is that they are trying
to get more out of marriage than there is in it.”
–Elbert Hubbard

“This life is not for complaint, but for satisfaction.”
–Henry David Thoreau

“Think ahead….It wasn’t raining when Noah built the ark.”
–Howard Ruff

“If you think you can, you can. And if you think you can’t,
you’re right.”
–Mary Kay Ash

“One of the keys to happiness is a bad memory.”
–Rita Mae Brown

“It isn’t our position, but our disposition, that makes us
happy.”
–Anon.

“The course of life is unpredictable . . . no one can write
his autobiography in advance.”
–Abraham Joshua Heschel

“Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dinner
like a pauper.”
–Adelle Davis

“People ask you for criticism, but they only want praise.”
–W. Somerset Maughm

“Vanity is so secure in the heart of man that everyone wants
to be admired: even I who write this, and you who read this.”
–Blaise Pascal

“You can flatter any man by telling him he’s the kind of man
who can’t be flattered.”
–Laurence J. Peter

“In the game of life, nothing is less important than the
score at half time.”
–Anon.

“Laugh at yourself first, before anyone else can.”
–Elsa Maxwell

“Acceptance of what has happened is the first step to
overcoming the consequences of any misfortune.”
–William James

Learn from how people in the arts react to criticism:
“Pay no attention to what the critics say; no statue has ever
been put up to a critic.”
–Jean Sibelius

“A critic is someone who never actually goes to the battle,
yet who afterwards comes out shooting the wounded.”
–Tyne Daly

“The stones that Critics hurl with Harsh Intent / A Man may
use to build a Monument.”
–Arthur Guiterman

“Good people do not need laws to tell them to act responsibly, while bad people will find a way around the laws.”
–Plato (427-347 B.C.)

“Trouble is a sieve through which we sift our acquaintances. Those too big to pass through are our friends.”
–Arlene Francis

“My one regret in life is that I’m not someone else.”
–Woody Allen

“The real art of conversation is not only to say the right thing at the right place but to leave unsaid the wrong thing at the tempting moment.” –Dorothy Nevill

“I must govern the clock, not be governed by it.”
–Golda Meir

“If you have no will to change it, you have no right to criticize it.” –Anon.

“Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.” –Leonardo da Vinci

“The trouble about man is twofold. He cannot learn truths which are too complicated; he forgets truths which are too simple.” –Rebecca West

One of the remarkable things about life is that it’s never so bad that
it can’t get worse.

“Our entire life–consists ultimately in accepting ourselves as we are.”
–Jean Anouilh

“The greatest discovery of my generation is that a man can alter his life simply by altering his attitude of mind.”
–William James

“A good scare is worth more to a man than good advice.”
–Edgar Watson Howe

“The greatest mistake you can make in life is to be continually fearing that you will make one.” –Elbert Hubbard

“Forgive your enemies, but never forget their names.”
–John F. Kennedy

Try to be honest about yourself:

‘Almost every man wastes part of his life in attempts to display qualities which he does not possess, and to gain applause which he cannot keep.” –Dr. Samuel Johnson

“‘I have done that,’ says my memory. ‘I cannot have done that’ – says my pride, and remains adamant. At last – memory yields.” –Friedrich Nietzsche

“Up to a certain point every man is what he thinks he is.”
–F. H. Bradley

“If it is to be, it’s up to me.” –Anon

“There are only two stimulants to one’s best efforts: the fear of punishment, and the hope of reward.” –John M. Wilson

The number of people watching you is directly proportional
to the stupidity of your action.

How long a minute is depends on
what side of the bathroom door you’re on.

“More powerful than the will to win is the courage to begin.”
–Anon.

“It’s weak and despicable to go on wanting things and not trying to get them.” –Joanna Field

“Life is 10 percent what you make it, and 90 percent how you take it.” –Irving Berlin

“Experience tells you what to do; confidence allows you to do it.” –Stan Smith

“The person who says it cannot be done should not interrupt the person doing it.” –Chinese proverb

“Change occurs when one becomes what she is, not when she tries to become what she is not.”
–Ruth P. Freedman

Women are like elephants to me. I like to look at them but I wouldn’t want to own one.”
–W.C.Fields

Never born, never died, only visited this planet earth between Dec.11, 1930 and Jan 19, 1990
–Epitah of Osho (Bagwan Rajneesh)

“make the most of all that comes and the least of all that goes.” –Sara Teasdale

“Most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be.” –Abraham Lincoln

“To disbelieve is easy; to scoff is simple; to have faith is harder.” –Louis L’Amour

“Class is… the sure-footedness that comes with having proved you can meet life.” –Ann Landers

“Anyone who has ever struggled with poverty knows how extremely expensive it is to be poor.” –James Baldwin

“Ideas pull the trigger, but instinct loads the gun.” –Don Marquis

“The crisis of today is the joke of tomorrow.”
–H. G. Wells

“Living is a constant process of deciding what we are going to do.” –Jose Ortega y Gasset

“Confidence is contagious. So is lack of confidence.”
–Vince Lombardi

Am I not destroying my enemies when I make friends of them?
– Abraham Lincoln

“Life shrinks or expands in proportion to one’s courage.”
–Anais Nin

“The difference between perseverance and obstinacy is that one comes from a strong will, and the other from a strong won’t.”
–Henry Ward Beecher

“You have reached the pinnacle of success as soon as you become uninterested in money, compliments or publicity.”
–Dr. O. A. Battista

Grief is depression in proportion to circumstance; depression is grief out of proportion to circumstance.
— Andrew Solomon

“If you want to keep something concealed from your enemy, don’t disclose it to your friend.”
–Solomon Ibn Gabirol

“Nobody will keep the thing he hears to himself, and nobody will repeat just what he hears and no more.”
–Seneca

“Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre minds.”
Albert Einstein (1879-1955)

“Ah, but a man’s reach should exceed his grasp – or what’s a heaven for?” –Robert Browning

“Years wrinkle the face, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.” –Watterson Lowe

“Anyone who limits his vision to memories of yesterday is already dead.” –Lilly Langtry

“We all find time to do what we really want to do.”
–William Feather

“If you board the wrong train, it is no use running along the corridor in the other direction.”
–Dietrich Bonhoeffer

“Whatever you are trying to avoid won’t go away until you confront it.” –Anon.

“Nobody ever died of laughter.”
–Max Beerbohm

“The only problems money can solve are money problems.”
–Laurence Peter

“Money costs too much.”
–Ross McDonald

“Big shots are only little shots who keep shooting.”
–Christopher Morely

“The closer one gets to the top, the more one finds there is no ‘top.'” –Nancy Barcus

“Nobody holds a good opinion of a man who holds a low opinion of himself.” –Anthony Trollope

“A professional is someone who can do his best work when he doesn’t feel like it.” –Alistair Cooke

“I don’t know the key to success, but the key to failure is trying to please everybody.” –Bill Cosby

” Great minds have purposes, others have wishes.”
– Washington Irving (1783-1859)

“In the End, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends. ”
– Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968)

“Generally the theories we believe we call facts, and the facts we believe we call theories.”
–Felix Cohen

“Nothing is so firmly believed as that which is least known.”
–Michel de Montaigne

“We are inclined to believe those we do not know, because they have never deceived us.”
–Samuel Johnson

An Enormous Amount Of Quotes About Life From Many People

“I long to accomplish a great and noble task, but it is my chief
duty to accomplish small tasks as if they were great and noble.”
–Helen Keller
——————————————
“It is amazing how much people can get done if they do not worry
about who gets the credit.”
–Sandra Swinney
——————————————
“I don’t know anything about luck. I’ve never banked on it, and
I’m afraid of people who do. Luck to me is something else: hard
work and realizing what it opportunity and what isn’t.”
–Lucille Ball
——————————————
“My parents always told me that people will never know how long
it takes you to do something. They will only know how well it is
done.”
–Nancy Hanks
——————————————
“While I was in Ann Arbor I heard that Boston was a good place to
play acoustic music because they still had plenty of clubs. So I
moved to Cambridge. I roomed with a Harvard student. I got an
apartment the first day I got to town by going to Harvard
housing, so I could get cheaper rates, $80 a month or something.
I even went to some Harvard classes, just to sit in, because I
enjoyed the performance of the professors. The teachers were
always so theatrical at Harvard, intelligent show business
people, that could keep your attention, and that I think, is the
great advantage of Harvard. So I used to go for the show, no
matter what subject it was. You could just drop in to a class
and watch, it wouldn’t matter if you went to the school. No one
even asked. The show was good and you would learn something, but
you wouldn’t get any credit for it. I didn’t need the credit.”
(Negative Theatre 87)
–Ric Ocasek
——————————————
“He who angers you enslaves you.”
——————————————
“In three words, I can sum up everything I know about life: it
goes on.”
–Robert Frost
——————————————
“Shame is the lie someone told you about yourself.”
–Ana虐 Nin
——————————————
“Remember, Ginger Rogers did everything that Fred Astaire did,
but she did it backwards and in high heels.”
–Faith Whittlesey
——————————————
“Your real duty is to save your dream.”
–Mogdiliani
——————————————
“If there is no wind, row.”
——————————————
“One good deed dying tongueless slaughters a thousand waiting
upon that.”
–William Shakespeare
——————————————
“There is danger in reckless change; but greater danger in blind
conservatism.”
–Henry George
——————————————
“Living is a form of not being sure, not knowing what next or
how. The moment you know how, you begin to die a little. The
artist never entirely known. We guess. We may be wrong, but we
take leap after leap in the dark.”
–Agnes de Mille
——————————————
“The known is finite, the unknown infinite; intellectually we
stand on an islet in the midst of an illimitable ocean of
inexplicability. Our business in every generation is to reclaim
a little more land.”
–T. H. Huxley
——————————————
“The fact that someone says something doesn’t mean it’s true.
Doesn’t mean they’re lying, but it doesn’t mean it’s true.”
–Carl Sagan
——————————————
“I shall live badly if I do not write, and I shall write badly if
I do not live.”
–Francoise Sagan
——————————————
“I tell you: one must have chaos in one to give birth to a
dancing star. I tell you: you still have chaos in you.”
–Friedrich Nietzsche
——————————————
“Often the real test of courage is not to die, but to live.”
–Vittorio Alfieri
——————————————
“The right to express our thoughts means something only if we are
able to have thoughts of our own.”
–Erich Fromm
——————————————
“The unexamined life is not worth living.”
–Socrates
——————————————
“He loved to ask his mother questions. It was the pleasantest
thing for him to ask a question and then to hear what answer his
mother would give. Bambi was never surprised that question after
question should come into his mind continually and without
effort. He found it perfectly natural, and it delighted him very
much. It was very delightful too, to wait expectantly till the
answer came. If it turned out the way he wanted, he was
satisfied. Sometimes, of course, he did not understand, but that
was pleasant also because he was kept busy picturing what he had
not understood, in his own way. Sometimes he felt very sure that
his mother was not giving him a complete answer, was
intentionally not telling him all she knew. And, at first, that
was very pleasant, too. For then there would remain in him such
a lively curiosity, such suspicion, mysteriously and joyously
flashing through him, such anticipation, that he would become
anxious and happy at the same time, and grow silent.” (Bambi 20-
21)
–Felix Salten
——————————————
“There are no words that can be spoken to shatter the darkness.
What is left is silence, and the dawn must creep at its own pace
as we wait. There are no words for how we feel. The silence of
the night is the only thing that captures it, and dawn the only
thing to set it free. So we wait…”
–Karla Jameson
——————————————
“When he drank his coffee, that was all he did. If his com
chimed or there was a caller at the door, he ignored it. He
didn’t read the newsfax, nor even listen to any of his favourite
music. His one cup deserved, and got, his full attention. He’d
once heard a story about a monastery on the top of some mountain
in Japan or somewhere. After a long trek in the cold to get
there, the monks would offer to sell you a cup of coffee. You
had a choice: There was a two-dollar cup — or a two-hundred-
dollar cup. When pressed to explain the difference, the monks
were reported to say, ‘A hundred and ninety-eight dollars.'” (The
Digital Effect 21-22)
–Steve Perry
——————————————
“A great attitude does much more than turn on the lights in our
worlds; it seems to magically connect us to all sorts of
serendipitous opportunities that were somehow absent before the
change.”
–Earl Nightengale
——————————————
“People are where they are because that’s exactly where they
really want to be…whether they’ll admit that or not.”
–Earl Nightengale
——————————————
“We can let circumstances rule us, or we can take charge and rule
our lives from within.”
–Earl Nightengale
——————————————
“Your world is a living expression of how you are using and have
used your mind.”
–Earl Nightengale
——————————————
“Am I motivated by what I really want out of life – or am I mass-
motivated?”
–Earl Nightengale
——————————————
“All you need is the plan, the road map, and the courage to press
on to your destination.”
–Earl Nightengale
——————————————
“Success is the progressive realization of a worthy goal or
ideal.”
–Earl Nightengale
——————————————
“Whatever we plant in our subconscious mind and nourish with
repetition and emotion will one day become a reality.”
–Earl Nightengale
——————————————
“Other times I think about them, though — all this October I
have done so, it seems, because October is the time when men
think mostly about far places and the roads which might get them
there. I sit on the bench in front of Bell’s Market and think
about Homer Buckland and about the beautiful girl who leaned over
to open his door when he come down that path with the full red
gasoline can in his right hand — she looked like a girl of no
more than sixteen, a girl on her learner’s permit, and her beauty
was terrible, but I believe it would no longer kill the man it
turned itself on; for a moment her eyes lit on me, I was not
killed, although part of me died at her feet.” (Mrs. Todd’s)
–Stephen King
——————————————
“It means that no blue ribbon is forever. Someday — if the
world doesn’t explode itself in the meantime — someone will run
a two-minute mile in the Olympics. It make take a hundred years
or a thousand, but it will happen. Because there is no ultimate
blue ribbon. There is zero, and there is eternity, and there is
mortality, but there is no ultimate.” (Mrs. Todd’s Shortcut)
–Stephen King
——————————————
“The price of success is hard work, dedication to the job at
hand, and the determination that whether we win or lose, we have
applied the best of ourselves to the task at hand.”
–Vince Lombardi
——————————————
“What this power is I cannot say; all I know is that it exists
and it becomes available only when a man is in that state of mind
in which he knows exactly what he wants and is fully determined
not to quit until he finds it.”
–Alexander Graham Bell
——————————————
“Only a man who knows what it is like to be defeated can reach
down to the bottom of his soul and come up with the extra ounce
of power it takes to win when the match is even.”
–Muhammad Ali
——————————————
“This environment [New York] is heaven. I love walking down the
street and seeing faces and drama and happiness and sadness and
dirt and cleanliness. I could never be a country person, sitting
around trees trying to write a song. I would rather be in the
middle of society, whether it’s growing or crumbling.”
–Ric Ocasek
——————————————
“If a life could have a theme song — and I believe every
worthwhile one has — mine is a religion, an obsession, a mania
or all of these expressed in one word — individualism. I was
born with that obsession, and I’ve never seen and do not know now
a cause more worthy, more misunderstood, more seemingly hopeless
and tragically needed.”
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Diplomacy is the art of saying ‘nice doggie’ until you can find
a rock.”
–Will Rogers
——————————————
“Congress, our leaders, voted against a proposal to have a
national seven day waiting period to buy a gun. I don’t want to
sound like a Quaker, but when you think about it, is a week a
long time to wait? To see if a former mental patient is
qualified to own an Uzi? Con one, will ya Congress? It takes
three weeks to get a phone!”
–Jimmy Tingle
——————————————
“Some people are born on third base and go through life thinking
they hit a triple.”
–Barry Switzer
——————————————
“I used to think I was poor. Then they told me I wasn’t poor, I
was needy. Then they told me it was self-defeating to think of
myself as needy. I was deprived. (Oh not deprived but rather
underprivileged.) Then they told me that underprivileged was
overused. I was disadvantaged. I still don’t have a dime. But
I have a great vocabulary.”
–Jules Feiffer
——————————————
“Faith is a cop-out. It is intellectual bankruptcy. If the only
way you can accept an assertion is by faith, then you are
conceding that it can’t be taken on its own merits.”
–Dan Barker
——————————————
“If you think education is expensive, try ignorance.”
–Derek Bok
——————————————
“A man’s ethical behaviour should be based effectually on
sympathy, education, and social ties; no religious basis is
necessary. Man would indeed be in a poor way if he had to be
restrained by fear of punishment and hope of reward after death.”
–Albert Einstein
——————————————
“Every time you meet a situation, though you think at the moment
it is an impossibility and you go through the tortures of the
damned, once you have met it and lived through it you find that
forever after you are freer than you were before.”
–Eleanor Roosevelt
——————————————
“I think life is really hard sometimes. It’s not easy to wake up
every day and go through what you go through. But the beautiful
moments that you share with people that you love, or even
experience alone, are worth all of the pain and sorrow. Those
moments should be cherished, and I think that’s what music is all
about-to remind people of the beautiful moments that are in
everybody’s life.”
–Charlie Haden
——————————————
“Some people would say my paintings show a future world and maybe
they do, but I paint from reality. I put several things and
ideas together, and perhaps, when I have finished, it could show
the future. If people want to interpret my work as warnings
about too much overpopulation, disease and mechanization in the
future, then that is up to them. I like to combine human beings,
creatures and biomechanics. And I love to work with bones —
they are elemental and function and, after all, are part of human
beings. I have many bones in my home in Zurich, and I study them
and use them as models. Some people say my work is often
depressing and pessimistic, with the emphasis on death, blood,
overcrowding, strange beings and so on, but I don’t really think
it is. There is hope and a kind of beauty in there somewhere, if
you look for it.”
–H. R. Giger
——————————————
“It was all very well to say, ‘Drink me,’ but the wise little
Alice was not going to do that in a hurry. ‘No, I’ll look
first,’ she said, ‘and see whether it’s marked ‘Poison’ or not.’
For she had read several nice little stories about children who
had got burnt and eaten up by wild beasts and other unpleasant
things, all because they would not remember the simple rules
their friends had taught them: that a red-hot poker will burn
you if you hold it too long, and that if you cut your finger very
deeply with a knife, it usually bleeds. And she had never
forgotten that if you drink too much from a bottle marked
‘Poison,’ it is almost certain to disagree with you, sooner or
later.” (Alice in Wonderland 13-14)
–Lewis Carrol
——————————————
“One of the expressions of Western over-reliance on technology
can be seen in the lack of patience in industrial society. When
you deal with technology, everything happens at the touch of a
button. This conditions you to become so impatient that when you
have an emotional or personal crisis, you don’t allow time for
the solution to take effect. This leads to all sorts of rash
responses, like quarrels, fights and so on.”
–the Dali Lama (Lhamo Dhondrub)
——————————————
“I agree that the fear of American cultural imperialism is shared
by many people, and I agree with your point about the invasive
nature of television culture. But I wouldn’t draw the next
inference: that this is negative and therefore it must be
stopped. I feel that one should address this influence in a way
that takes away the negative edge through a positive counter-
response. This way, you reinforce and reaffirm your conviction
in the inner values. You harness those beliefs and develop them
with a greater degree of self-awareness. That’s the kind of
response people should have, instead of rejecting technology.”
–the Dali Lama (Lhamo Dhondrub)
——————————————
“In contemporary American public culture, the legacy of the
consumer revolution of the 1960s is unmistakable. Today, there
are few things more beloved of our masses than the figure of the
cultural rebel, the defiant individualist resisting the mandates
of the machine civilization. Whether he is an athlete decked out
in a mowhawk and multiple-pierced ears, a policeman who plays by
his own rules, an actor on a motorcycle, a soldier of fortune
with explosive bow and arrow, or a rock star in leather jacket
and sunglasses, the rebel has become the paramount clich� of our
popular entertainment, and the pre-eminent symbol of the system
he is supposed to be subverting. In advertising especially, he
rules supreme.” (The Conquest of Cool)
–Thomas Frank
——————————————
“An invasion of armies can be resisted. But not an idea whose
time has come.”
–Victor Hugo
——————————————
“Sometimes it seems like we’re all living in some kind of prison,
and the crime is how much we all hate ourselves. It’s good to
get really dressed up once in a while and admit the truth — that
when you really look closely, people are so strange and so
complicated that they’re actually beautiful. Possibly even me.”
–from My So-Called Life
——————————————
“I just want them to feel inspired to live on the planet and not
get discouraged with life, and make sure that they pursue what
they feel they ought to. If they want to collect stamps, make
sure they collect stamps 100 percent of the time for 25 years. I
think the most important thing is to try to find work or
something that you love, but it’s also probably the hardest
thing. Life in general is more generic and less artistic. It’s
a hard thing to pull your mind away from the shit and feel
positive about where things are going. It depends on how much TV
news you watch.”
–Ric Ocasek
——————————————
“I believe that words can help us move or keep us paralysed, and
that our choices of language and verbal tone have something — a
great deal — to do with how we live our lives and whom we end up
speaking with and hearing; and that we can deflect words by
trivialization, of course, but also by ritualized respect, or we
can let them enter our souls and mix with the juices of our
minds.” (Toward a More Feminist Criticism)
–Adrienne Rich
——————————————
“I can’t believe I’m having this conversation… With you!
You’ve probably never read a book in your life that wasn’t
written by John Grisham. You don’t get it. People like you are
so content to write-off English. English just isn’t about
analysing stories — if it was, I wouldn’t be like this.
Stories, novels, whatever… reflect something about the
writer… and the culture… and the society that it came from.
It’s a mirror — a mirror to ourselves. And when we do it right,
when we just get it, we know something about ourselves. English
is an understanding of the self. If we can see ourselves
clearly, we know the right decision to make. And if you don’t
know who you are and make the wrong choices, what good is it if
you can make two-hundred and fifty thousand?” (The Open Door)
–Tyler Powell
——————————————
“Let me tell you something. We’re all guilty of something.
Cruelty or greed or going sixty-five in a fifty-five mile per
hour zone. But you know what? You want to think of yourself as
the fair haired choir boy, you go ahead. … I’m saying you’ve
got a darkness inside of you. You’ve got to know the darker,
uglier sides of yourself. You’ve got to recognize them so
they’re not constantly sneaking up on you. You’ve got to love
them because they’re a part of you, because along with your
virtues, they make you who you are. Virtue isn’t virtue unless
it slams up against vice so, consequently, your virtue is not
real virtue until it’s been tested… and tempted.”
–from Homicide: Life on the Street
——————————————
“A soulmate is someone who has locks that fit our keys, and keys
to fit our locks. When we feel safe enough to open the locks,
our truest selves step out and we can be completely and honestly
who we are; we can be loved for who we are and not for who we’re
pretending to be. Each unveils the best part of the other. No
matter what else goes wrong around us, with that one person we’re
safe in our own paradise. Our soulmate is someone who shares our
deepest longings, our sense of direction. When we’re two
balloons, and together our direction is up, chances are we’ve
found the right person. Our soulmate is the one who makes life
come to life.” (Bridge 265)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“What was the question? … Oh. Where do I get my crazy ideas?
Answer: sleep-fairy, walk-fairy, shower-fairy. Book-fairy. And
in these last few years, from my wife. Now when I have questions
I ask her and she tells me the answer. If you haven’t already,
I’d suggest you want to find your soulmate, soon as you can.
Next question?” (Bridge 264)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“She didn’t mean to be sexy that moment, but even a winter
nightgown couldn’t hide that lovely outline. When will I outgrow
my simple-minded fascination with the form she had happened to
choose for her body? Never, I thought.” (Bridge 249)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“What a story that would make! How many men and women go through
the same rivers, menaced by the same sharp clichT, the same
jagged dangers that have threatened us! If the idea stands up, I
thought, it would be worth uncovering the typewriter! How
Richard-years-ago would have wanted to know: What happens when
we set off searching for a soulmate who doesn’t exist, and find
her?” (Bridge 209)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“We’re different, we’re the same. You thought you’d never find a
word to say to a woman who didn’t fly airplanes. I couldn’t
imagine myself spending time with a man who didn’t love music.
Could it be it’s not as important to be alike as it is to be
curious? Because we’re different, we can have the fun of
exchanging worlds, giving our loves and excitements to each
other. You can learn music, I can learn flying. And that’s only
the beginning. I think it would go on for us as long as we
live.” (Bridge 169)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“If we change in different directions, then we don’t have any
future anyway, do we? I think it’s possible for two people to
change together, to grow together and enrich instead of diminish
each other. The sum of one and one, if they’re the right ones,
can be infinity! But so often one person drags the other down;
one person wants to go up like a balloon and the other’s a dead
weight. I’ve always wondered what it would be like if both
people, if a woman and a man both wanted to go up like balloons!”
(Bridge 168)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“That’s what learning is, after all: not whether we lose the
game, but how we lose and how we’ve changed because of it and
what we take away from it that we never had before, to apply to
other games. Losing, in a curious way, is winning.” (Bridge 91)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“Here’s how the people live here, in big house-shaped boxes to
keep off ‘rain’ and ‘snow,’ holes cut in the sides so they can
see out. They move around in smaller boxes, painted different
colours, with wheels on the corners. They need this box-culture
because each person thinks of herself and himself as locked in a
box called a ‘body,’ arms and legs, fingers to move pencils and
tools, languages because they’ve forgotten how to communicate,
eyes because they’ve forgotten how to see. Odd little planet.
Wish you were here. Home soon.” (Bridge 85-6)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“Two things I do value a lot, intimacy and the capacity for joy,
didn’t seem to be on anyone else’s list. I felt like the
stranger in a strange land, and decided I’d better not marry the
natives.” (Bridge 76)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“Other people think they know what you are: glamour, sex, money,
power, love. It may be a press agent dream which has nothing to
do with you, maybe it’s something you don’t even like, but that’s
what they think you are. People rush at you from all sides, they
think they’re going to get these things if they touch you. It’s
scary, so you build walls around yourself, thick glass walls
while you’re trying to think, trying to catch your breath. You
know who you are inside, but people outside see something
different. You can choose to become the image, and let go of who
you are, or continue as you are and feel phony when you play the
image.” (Bridge 72)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“There are no mistakes. The events we bring upon ourselves, no
matter how unpleasant, are necessary in order to learn what we
need to learn; whatever steps we take, they’re necessary to reach
the places we’ve chosen to go.” (Bridge 56)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“Part of us is always the observer, and no matter what, it
observes. It watches us. It does not care if we are happy or
unhappy, if we are sick or well, if we live or die. Its only job
is to sit there on our shoulder and pass judgment on whether we
are worthwhile human beings.” (The Bridge Across Forever 43)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“We fear passion and laugh at too much love and those who love
too much. And still we long to feel.”
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“By the time the average person finishes college he or she will
have taken over 2,600 tests, quizzes and exams. The ‘right
answer’ approach becomes deeply ingrained in our thinking. This
may be fine for some mathematical problems, where there is in
fact only one right answer. The difficulty is that most of life
isn’t that way. Life is ambiguous; there are many right answers –
all depending on what you are looking for. But if you think
there is only one right answer, then you’ll stop looking as soon
as you find one.”
–Roger von Oech
——————————————
“You say I have no power? Perhaps you speak truly… but you say
that dreams have no power here? Tell me, Lucifer Morningstar…
ask yourselves, all of you… what power would hell have if those
here imprisoned were not able to dream of heaven?”
–Neil Gaiman
——————————————
“A friend is one before whom I may think aloud.”
–Ralph Waldo Emmerson
——————————————
“He who fights with monsters might take care lest he thereby
become a monster. And if you gaze for long into an abyss, the
abyss gazes also into you.”
–Friedrich Nietzsche
——————————————
“If we keep doing what we’re doing, we’re going to keep getting
what we’re getting.”
–Stephen Covey
——————————————
“It’s hard to fight an enemy who has outposts in your head.”
–Sally Kempton
——————————————
“We are faced with the paradoxical fact that education has become
one of the chief obstacles to intelligence and freedom of
thought.”
–Bertrand Russell
——————————————
“Happiness is not in our circumstance but in ourselves. It is
not something we see, like a rainbow, or feel, like the heat of a
fire. Happiness is something we are.”
–John B. Sheerin
——————————————
“The self is not something that one finds, it is something that
one creates.”
–Thomas Szasz
——————————————
“It’s better to be boldly decisive and risk being wrong than to
agonize at length and be right too late.”
–Marilyn Moats Kennedy
——————————————
“You’ll never know if you can win until you know you’ve tried
your best… and then it doesn’t matter if you’ve won or not
because you will have improved, and that is winning for
yourself.”
–Carolyn Meroniuk
——————————————
“There are threads that help you find your way back, and there
are threads that intend to bring you back. Mind turns to pull,
it’s hard to pull away. I’m always thinking of going back. When
Lot’s wife looked over her shoulder, she turned into a pillar of
salt. Pillars hold things up, and salt keeps things clean, but
it’s a poor exchange for losing your self. People do go back,
but they don’t survive, because two realities are claiming them
at the same time. Such things are too much. You can salt your
heart, or kill your heart, or you can choose between the two
realities. There is much pain here. Some people think you can
have your cake and eat it. The cake goes mouldy and they choke
on what’s left. Going back after a long time will make you mad,
because the people you left behind do not like to think of you
changed, will treat you as they always did, accuse you of being
indifferent, when you are only different.”
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“Of course that is not the whole story, but that is the way with
stories; we make them what we will. It’s a way of explaining the
universe while leaving the universe unexplained, it’s a way of
keeping it all alive, not boxing it into time. Everyone who
tells a story tells it differently, just to remind us that
everybody sees it differently. Some people say there are true
things to be found, some people say all kinds of things can be
proved. I don’t believe them. The only thing for certain is how
complicated it all is, like string full of knots. It’s all there
but hard to find the beginning and impossible to fathom the end.
The best you can do is admire the cat’s cradle, and maybe knot it
up a bit more. History should be a hammock for swinging and a
game for playing, the way cats play. Claw it, chew it, rearrange
it and at bedtime it’s still a ball of string full of knots.
Nobody should mind. Some people make a lot of money out of it.
Publishers do well, people make a lot of money out of it.
Publishers do well, children, when bright, can come top. It’s an
all-purpose rainy day pursuit, this reducing of stories called
history.”
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“Since I was born I had assumed that the world ran on very simple
lines, like a larger version of our church. Now I was finding
that even the church was sometimes confused. This was a problem.
But not one I chose to deal with for many years more. The
problem there and then was what was going to happen to me. The
Victoria Hospital was big and frightening, and I couldn’t even
sing to any effect because I couldn’t hear what I was singing.
There was nothing to read except some dental notices and an
instruction leaflet for the X-ray machine. I tried to build an
igloo out of the orange peel but it kept falling down and even
when I stood up I didn’t have an Eskimo to put in it, so I had to
invent a story about ‘How Eskimo Got Eaten’, which made me even
more miserable. It’s always the same with diversions; you get
involved.”
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“The truth that makes men free is for the most part the truth
which men prefer not to hear.”
–Herbert Sebastian Agar
——————————————
“I don’t know because I don’t think about it much in those terms.
I don’t think about what is the greatest thing that ever happened
to me. It seems to me that things don’t last long anyway. Your
high points and your low points. High points don’t last that
long, it’s a high and it happens. It’s great at the moment but
you really can’t live on it. There’s gotta be something higher –
– and lower. But I have all kinds of ups and downs, highs and
lows, I’m always chasing them.”
–Ric Ocasek
——————————————
“There’s only one opinion that counts. It’s your opinion. It
may be wrong, but it’s yours and that’s the one that counts.”
–Filipe Alou
——————————————
“The best thing you can do for a song is to hear it on the radio
and to imagine what it could mean to you and then kinda forget
the words. Just imagine how you felt when you heard it, if it
was one of your songs. If it became one of your songs. If it
meant whatever it meant for you and as soon as you see the
visual, you get a rapid eye movement relationship with the song
instead of an imaginative one. I think that can be dangerous
because I don’t think I’d want to be listening to a song on the
radio and thinking about the video. Whatever that one
interpretation was.”
–Ric Ocasek
——————————————
“Good and evil are not what our parents told us, not what our
church tells us, or our country, not what anybody else tells us!
All of us decide good and evil for ourselves, automatically, by
choosing what we want to do!” (Running)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“If we must lose wife or husband when we live to our highest
right, we lose an unhappy marriage as well, and we gain
ourselves. But if a marriage is born between two already self-
discovered, what a lovely adventure begins, hurricanes and all!”
(Running)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“Life does not require us to be consistent, cruel, patient,
helpful, angry, rational, thoughtless, loving, rash, open-minded,
neurotic, careful, rigid, tolerant, wasteful, rich, downtrodden,
gentle, sick, considerate, funny, stupid, healthy, greedy,
beautiful, lazy, responsive, foolish, sharing, pressured,
intimate, hedonistic, industrious, manipulative, insightful,
capricious, wise, selfish, kind or sacrificed. Life does,
however, require us to live with the consequences of our
choices.” (Running)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“For a moment, off balance, was I annoyed? Anger is always fear,
I thought, and fear is always fear of loss. Would I lose myself
if he made those choices? It took a second to settle down: I’d
lose nothing. They’d be his wishes, not mine, and he’s free to
live as he wants. The loss would come if I dared force him,
tried to live for him and me as well. There’d be disaster worse
than life on a bar stool.” (Running from Safety)
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“Love, they say, enslaves and passion is a demon and many have
been lost for love. I know this is true, but I know too that
without love we grope the tunnels of our lives and never see the
sun. When I fell in love it was as though I looked into a mirror
for the first time and saw myself. I lifted my hand in
wonderment and felt my cheeks, my neck. This was me. And when I
had looked at myself and grown accustomed to who I was, I was not
afraid to hate parts of me because I wanted to be worthy of the
mirror bearer.” (Passion)
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“When I dream of a future in her arms no dark days appear, not
even a head cold, and though I know it’s nonsense I really
believe we would always be happy and that our children would
change the world.” (Passion)
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“I was happy but happy is an adult world. You don’t have to ask
a child about happy, you see it. They are or they are not.
Adults talk about being happy because largely they are not.,
Talking about it is the same as trying to catch the wind. Much
easier to let it blow all over you. This is where I disagree
with the philosophers. They talk about passionate things but
there is no passion in them. Never talk happiness with a
philosopher.” (The Passion)
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“They discovered that even in the face of pain that seems
unbearable, even in the face of pain that wrings the last drop
of blood out of your heart and leaves its scrimshaw tracery on
the inside of your skull, life goes on. And pain grows dull, and
begins to fade.” (Lost Souls)
–Poppy Z. Brite
——————————————
“I can’t heal your pain but I can see it. And you don’t have to
be lost. Not forever.” (Lost Souls)
–Poppy Z. Brite
——————————————
“It is the colour of light, the shape of sound, high in the
evergreens.
It lies suspended in hills, a blue line in a red sky.
I am looking at sound.

I am hearing the brightness of high bluffs and almond trees.
I am tasting the wilderness of lakes, rivers and streams,
caught in an angle of sound.

I am remembering water that glows in the dawn,
the motion tumbled in earth,
life hidden in mounds.

I am dancing in a bright beam of light…
I am remembering love.”
–from Love Jones
——————————————
“Nobody stays here by faking reality in any manner whatever.”
(Atlas 735)

–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“The opening and middle game are vital but a player up two pieces
might have a heart attack and have to forfeit. The end game is
what counts.”
–Pablo Pedro Gomez
——————————————
“The music of [his] Fifth Concerto streamed from his keyboard,
past the glass of the window, and spread through the air, over
the lights of the valley. It was a symphony of triumph. The
notes flowed up, they spoke of rising and they were the rising
itself, they were the essence and the form of upward motion, they
seemed to embody every human act and thought that had ascent as
its motive. It was a sunburst of sound, breaking out of hiding
and spreading open. It had the freedom of release and the
tension of purpose. It swept space clean and left nothing buy
the joy of an unobstructed effort. Only a faint echo within the
sounds spoke of that from which the music had escaped, bu spoke
in laughing astonishment at the discovery that there was no
ugliness or pain, and there never had had to be. It was the song
of an immense deliverance.” (Atlas 1072)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Traditions exist so we can go beyond them.”
–Greg Hawkes
——————————————
“The most important thing to a lot of people, is to belong to
something that’s hip or whatever. To be a part of something
that’s not society, just a clique. And they get real sidetracked
trying to think like everyone else. They don’t realize that you
have to motivate yourself to do things you want to do. Some
people just like going along for the ride. And those are the
kind of people I don’t get along with too well.”
–Ric Ocasek
——————————————
“Once they’re on paper, they’re gone. I like to do as much with
the words, as far as image goes, so that it’s really left open
for a lot of things, even though I remember a specific impression
of something I had at the time. I can’t say a song is about this
or that; in fact, I wouldn’t even want to. I just prefer to have
people live it anyway they want. Because it’s theirs after that.
There’s nothing I can do about it anymore.”
–Ric Ocasek
——————————————
“To be under pressure is inescapable. Pressure takes place
through all the world; war, siege, the worries of state. We all
know men who grumble under these pressures and complain. They
are cowards. They lack splendour. But there is another sort of
man who is under the same pressure but does not complain, for it
is the friction which polishes him. It is the pressure which
refines and makes him noble.”
–St. Augustine
——————————————
“It is not the critic who counts, nor the man who points out how
the strong man stumbles, or where the doer of deeds could have
done better. The credit belongs to the man who is actually in
the arena; whose face is marred by dust and sweat; who strives
valiantly; who errs and may fail again, because there is no
effort without error or shortcoming, but who does actually strive
to do the deeds; who does know the great enthusiasm, the great
devotion; who spends himself in a worthy cause; who at best,
knows in the end the triumph of high achievement, and who at
worst, if he fails, at least fails while daring greatly, so that
his place shall never be with those cold and timid souls who know
neither victory nor defeat.”
–Theodore Roosevelt
——————————————
“Through music I either tame my demons or unleash them and allow
them to be what they are. I don’t want the music to be about
provocation, I want the music to bring you to a place where you
feel at home.”
–Michael Franti
——————————————
“You can’t think of risks. I have nothing to lose. You either
make something that you like, or you don’t, and you throw it to
the universe.”
–Mike Myers
——————————————
“Literature is my Utopia. Here I am not disenfranchised. No
barrier of the senses shuts me out from the sweet, gracious
discourses of my book friends. They talk to me without
embarrassment or awkwardness.”
–Helen Keller
——————————————
“Not the senses I have but what I do with them is my kingdom.”
–Helen Keller
——————————————
“Security is mostly a superstition. It does not exist in nature,
nor do the children of men as a while experience it. Avoiding
danger is no safer in the long run than outright exposure. Life
is either a daring adventure, or nothing.”
–Helen Keller
——————————————
“People ignore the strange and unusual… I myself am strange and
unusual.”
–from Beetlejuice
——————————————
“When we honestly ask ourselves which person in our lives means
the most to us, we often find that it is those who, instead of
giving much advice, solutions, or cures, have chosen rather to
share our pain and touch our wounds with a gentle and tender
hand. The friend who can be silent with us in a moment of
despair or confusion, who can stay with us in an hour of grief
and bereavement, who can tolerate not knowing, not curing, not
healing and face with us the reality of our powerlessness, that
is a friend who cares.”
–Henri Nouwen
——————————————
“Do I avoid looking a stranger in the eyes because I don’t want
to make him uncomfortable, or do I turn my eyes so he can’t look
into me? What is in there that I don’t want him to see?” (Notes)
–Hugh Prather
——————————————
“When someone disagrees with me, I do not have to immediately
start revising what I just said. People don’t want me to always
agree with them. They can sense this is phony. They can sense I
am trying to control them: I am agreeing with them to make them
like me. They feel; ‘I don’t want to exist to like you. I DON’T
exist to like you.'” (Notes)
–Hugh Prather
——————————————
“Sometimes when I generalize I am saying, ‘Let’s pretend I am
God,’ and of course the other person argues that point endlessly.
But I notice that if the other person takes a stand for himself
and states his thoughts as his thoughts, I pay more attention to
what he is saying and look deeper in myself.” (Notes)
–Hugh Prather
——————————————
“Within me is the potential to commit every evil act I see being
committed by other men, and unless I feel this potential I can at
any moment be controlled by these same urges. I am free from
these urges only if I recognize when I am feeling them, and while
feeling them and acknowledging them to be me, choose not to
follow them. Only in this way can I begin to regain the disowned
parts of me. And only in this way can I know what it is I am
criticizing in others.” (Notes)
–Hugh Prather
——————————————
“I sometimes react to making a mistake as if I have betrayed
myself. My fear of making a mistake seems to be based on the
hidden assumption that I am potentially perfect and that if I can
just be very careful I will not fall from heaven. But a
‘mistake’ is a declaration of the way I am, a jolt to the way I
intend, a reminder I am not dealing with the facts. When I have
listened to my mistakes I have grown.” (Notes)
–Hugh Prather
——————————————
“Perfectionism is a slow death. If everything were to just like
I would want it to, just like I would plan for it to, then I
would never experience anything new; my life would be an endless
repetition of stale successes. When I make a mistake I
experience something unexpected.” (Notes)
–Hugh Prather
——————————————
“I can not ‘make my mark’ for all time — those concepts are
mutually exclusive. ‘Lasting effect’ is a self-contradictory
term. Meaning does not exist in the future and neither do I.
Nothing will have meaning ‘ultimately.’ Nothing will even mean
tomorrow what it did today. Meaning changes with the context.
My meaningfulness is here. It is enough that I am of value to
someone today. It is enough that I make a difference now.”
(Notes to Myself)
–Hugh Prather
——————————————
“For some reason, when we’re on tour all our dressing rooms have
blackboards. So we chalk up New Laws of the Universe like, ‘What
is not there, will be,’ and ‘All roads lead to other roads.'”
–Greg Hawkes
——————————————
“Be more concerned with your character than your reputation,
because your character is what you really are, while your
reputation is merely what others think you are.”
–John Wooden
——————————————
“Men of genius are admired, men of wealth are envied, men of
power are feared; but only men of character are trusted.”
——————————————
“Dignity does not consist in possessing honours, but in deserving
them.”
–Aristotle
——————————————
“You’re all very quiet for people running for their lives.”
–from Press Gang
——————————————
“I laugh, my voice spiralling into Forever
for I have found perfection
and it has always been right here
in the temple of Self”
–Miranda Padgett
——————————————
“People tend to think I’m always aggressive and strong. The
truth is, I’ve always been wracked with self-loathing, which
leads me into terrible, self paralysing depressions. When I go
down to this place, I feel so empty and overwhelmed I can barely
move. But perversely, I find these traits in a man unacceptable
— I can’t stand someone who can out-depress me. You know that
scene in Babe where the farmer clog-dances for the pig?
Sometimes I’m the sick pig and I need a farmer to cheer me up.
And when things get bad, my boyfriend does dance for me, and it
never fails to make me laugh. He’s a pretty snappy dancer.”
–Shirley Manson
——————————————
“Remember, beneath every cynic there lies a romantic, and
probably an injured one.”
–Glenn Beck
——————————————
“Every great and commanding movement in the annals of the world
is the triumph of enthusiasm. Nothing great was ever achieved
without it.”
–Ralph Waldo Emerson
——————————————
“If there were a mile high mountain of granite, and once every
ten-thousand years a bird flew past and brushed it with a
feather, by the time that mountain was worn away, a fraction of a
second would have passed in the context of eternity.”
–Lois Duncan
——————————————
“People. I knew some of them, but not now. On the moon, I
wander among the many pot holes. Their shadows make me feel
planet-stricken. Display model #1: Clusters of magnetic
liquids. I would like to uncover the mystery of the scrim. Will
I rise to the occasion when it decides to fall by? A tiny
walled-off angel lays an egg. A secret life-the ruminations of a
creature that walks without legs, eats without a mouth, breathes
without lungs, feels without nerves, then divides and conquers.
What happens when you try to squeeze a puddle of gravity in your
hand? It dissolves into hundreds of silver eggs. Me too. The
incubation period was over. Display model #2: People backed up
into a dark corner. Unearthed puzzle, the same the moon all
over. Next stage? Parachute, the final explanation arising as I
make my slow descent.”
–Gillian McCain
——————————————
“Some mornings, it’s just not worth chewing through the leather
straps.”
–Emo Phillips
——————————————
“The happiest person is the person who thinks the most
interesting thoughts.”
–Timothy Dwight
——————————————
“Be happy. It is a way of being wise.”
–Colette
——————————————
“Happiness is not a state to arrive at, but a manner of
travelling.”
–M. L. Runbeck
——————————————
“It is better to aim at perfection and miss, than to aim at
imperfection and hit it.”
–T. J. Watson, Sr.
——————————————
“Knowledge comes, but wisdom lingers.”
–Lord Alfred Tennyson
——————————————
“You are what you do when it counts.”
–The Masao
——————————————
“I once complained to my father that I didn’t seem to be able to
do things the same way other people did. Dad’s advice? ‘Margo,
don’t be a sheep. People hate sheep. They eat sheep.'”
–Margo Kaufmann
——————————————
“If you’re never scared or embarrassed or hurt, it means you
never take any chances.”
–Julia Soorel
——————————————
“Success is a journey, not a destination.”
–Ben Sweetland
——————————————
“There is zero, and there is eternity, and there is mortality,
but there is no ultimate.”
–Stephen King
——————————————
“You are what you are — and not what people think you are.”
–O. W. Polen
——————————————
“Don’t try to be different. Just be good. To be good is
different enough.”
–Arthur Freed
——————————————
“If we’re going to be damned, let’s be damned for who we really
are!”
–from Star Trek: The Next Generation
——————————————
“I must not fear. Fear is the mind-killer. Fear is the little
death that brings total obliteration. I will face my fear. I
will permit it to pass over me and through me. And when it has
gone past over me and through me. And when it has gone past I
will turn the inner eye to see its path. Where the fear has gone
there will be nothing. Only I will remain.” (Dune)
–Frank Herbert
——————————————
“About all you can do in life is be who you are. Some people
will love you for you. Most will love you for what you can do
for them, and some won’t like you at all.”
–Rita Mae Brown
——————————————
“The difficulties of life are intended to make us better, not
bitter.”
–Mandie Ellingson
——————————————
“An ordinary man can… surround himself with two thousand
books… and thenceforward have at least one place in the world
in which it is possible to be happy.”
–Augustine Birrell
——————————————
“Language exists to conceal true thought.”
–Tallyrand
——————————————
“A teacher is one who makes himself progressively unnecessary.”
–Thomas Carruthers
——————————————
“People who think honestly and deeply have a hostile attitude
towards the public.”
–Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
——————————————
“The opposite of a correct statement is a false statement. But
the opposite of a profound truth may well be another profound
truth.”
–Niels Bohr
——————————————
“Truth has no special time of its own. Its hour is now —
always.”
–Albert Schweitzer
——————————————
“I can promise to be frank, I cannot promise to be impartial.”
–Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
——————————————
“If you make people think they’re thinking, they’ll love you; but
if you make them really think, they’ll hate you.”
——————————————
“Two things fill my mind with ever-increasing wonder and awe:
the starry skies above me and the moral law within me.”
–Immanuel Kant
——————————————
“The trouble with the rat race is that even if you win you’re
still a rat.”
–Lilly Tomlin
——————————————
“God does not play dice with the universe; He plays an ineffable
game of his own devising, which might be compared, from the
perspective of any other players, to being involved in an obscure
and complex version of poker in a pitch dark room, with blank
cards, for infinite stakes, with a dealer who won’t tell you the
rules and who smiles all the time.”
–Neil Gaiman and Terry Pratchett
——————————————
“Okay, I’m sorry I don’t write poems about sunsets and nature and
mystical experiences, I only know what I know; I could write that
the sight of a sunset lit up my mind like Light Brite and I was
enlightened, or that the sun and moon are my mother and father;
but I can’t — I can only write with any semblance of truth about
what contains my simple frame of reference.”
–Gillian McCain
——————————————
“All art must come from experience, or it is as fake as the soul
of the one who writes it.”
–Loriel
——————————————
“If you happen to meet a crocodile, don’t stick your head in its
mouth. Every now and then, and who knows the reason, people
ignore this advice, which is sad because they die, but very
stupid because they were warned. They had a choice. The moral
of the story is this — you can’t afford to be stupid. There are
crocodiles…”
–from Press Gang
——————————————
“The man who can drive himself further once the effort gets
painful is the man who will win.”
–Roger Bannister
——————————————
“Imagine a life without uncertainty… Imagine how dull life
would be if variables assessed for admission to a professional
school, graduate program, or executive training program really
did predict with great accuracy who would succeed and who would
fall. Life would be intolerable — no hope, no challenge.”
–R. M. Dawes
——————————————
“Go your own way. Question everything. Accept nothing. Accept
no dogma, no can’t. There are too many people walking around
thinking they’re sacred cows, and they’re only half right.”
–Rosie Dimanno
——————————————
“The man who does not read good books has no advantage over the
man who can’t read them.”
–Mark Twain
——————————————
“Consider a man riding a bicycle. Whoever he is, we can say
three things about him. We know he got on the bicycle and
started to move. We know that at some point he will stop and get
off. Most important of all, we know that if at any point between
the beginning and the end of his journey he stops moving and does
not get off the bicycle he will fall off it. That is a metaphor
for the journey through life of any living thing, and I think of
any society of living things.”
–William Golding
——————————————
“Utopias are presented for our inspection as a critique of the
human state. If they are to be treated as anything but trivial
exercises of the imagination. I suggest there is a simple test
we can apply. … We must forget the whole paraphernalia of
social description, demonstration, expostulation, approbation,
condemnation. We have to say to ourselves, ‘How would I myself
live in this proposed society? How long would it be before I
went stark staring mad?'”
–William Golding
——————————————
“We spent all night learning an important less. You can’t judge
a sewer by its manhole cover. No sir. People can be very
different under the surface than they might seem. Quiet, mild-
mannered souls might just turn out to be roaring lions of two-
fisted cool. And roaring lions of two-fisted cool just might
have some crippling lobster problems! Listen man, it’s all crazy
down there under the surface. A lost wallet could bite you in
half. A bar of soap could save your life. Egad, a disgusting
mound of muck just might have some very compelling ideas. Do you
dig my ditch?”
–from The Tick
——————————————
“I think that you appreciate that there are extraordinary men and
women, and extraordinary moments when history leaps forward on
the backs of these individuals. That what can be imagined, can
be achieved. That you must dare to dream, but that there is no
substitute for perseverance and hard work, and team work, because
no one gets there alone. And that while we commemorate the
greatness of these events and the individuals who achieve them,
we cannot forget the sacrifice of those who makes these
achievements and leaps possible.”
–from The X-Files
——————————————
“The fact is that liberty, in any true sense, is a concept that
lies quite beyond the reach of the inferior man’s mind. And no
wonder, for genuine liberty demands of its votaries a quality he
lacks completely, and that is courage. The man who loves it must
be willing to fight for it; blood, said Jefferson, is its natural
manure. Liberty means self-reliance, it means resolution, it
means the capacity for doing without… the average man doesn’t
want to be free. He wants to be safe.”
–H. L. Mencken
——————————————
“Again, we must ask ourselves why the people that brought war,
plane crashes, political corruption, lap dancing and serial
killers to our breakfast tables and into our living rooms are
trying to sooth us with futuristic Web browsers, all buttons and
spinning logos.”
–Michael Van Biesbrouck
——————————————
“I wish that people would take the time to show people that they
are important in their lives, either at work, or at home. Too
many times people take others for granted, and I think that needs
to change. People are so much nicer and willing to help you if
you use those two little words that mean so much… ‘Thank You!'”
–Gina Gillespie
——————————————
“I would wish that people come to realize that we create our own
realities, and all our emotions and thoughts are simply choices.
If we were more accountable as human beings we would experience
far, far less suffering and indifference in the world. It is
considerably easier to place blame outside of ourselves than to
live life from an accountable position.”
–Robert Brincka
——————————————
“I guess some people never change. Or, they quickly change and
then quickly change back.”
–from The Simpsons
——————————————
“There’s an element of contempt for meanings. You want to write
outside the usual framework. You want to dare readers to make a
commitment you know they can’t make. That’s part of [crazed
prose]. There’s also the sense of drowning in information and in
the mass awareness of things. Everybody seems to know
everything. Subjects surface and are totally exhausted in a
matter of days. … The writer is driven by his conviction that
some truths aren’t arrived at so easily, that life is still full
of mystery, that it might be better for you, dear reader, if you
went back to the living section of your newspaper because this is
the dying section and you don’t really want to be here. This
writer is working against the age and so he feels some
satisfaction at not being widely read. He is diminished by an
audience.”
–Don DeLillo
——————————————
“Because friends have to be brutally honest with each other. I’d
feel terrible if I didn’t tell you what I was thinking,
especially at a time like this.” (Noise)
–Don DeLillo
——————————————
“We start our lives in chaos, in babble. As we surge up into the
world, we try to devise a shape, a plan. There is dignity in
this. Your whole life is a plot, a scheme, a diagram. It is a
failed scheme but that’s not the point. To plot is to affirm
life, to seek shape and control. Even after death, most
particularly after death, the search continues. Burial rites are
an attempt to complete the scheme, in ritual. Picture a state
funeral. It is all precision, detail, order, design. The nation
holds its breath. The efforts of a huge and powerful government
are brought to bear on a ceremony that will shed the last trace
of chaos. If all geos well, if they bring it off, some natural
law of perfection is obeyed. The nation is delivered from
anxiety, the deceased’s life is redeemed, life itself is
strengthened, reaffirmed.” (Noise)
–Don DeLillo
——————————————
“Just because it’s on the radio doesn’t mean we have to suspend
belief in the evidence of our senses.” (White Noise)
–Don DeLillo
——————————————
“Where are the beginnings, the endings, and most important, the
middles?”
–Julio Cort�zar
——————————————
“He who joyfully marches to music in rank and file has already
earned my contempt. He has been given a large brain by mistake,
since for him the spinal cord would fully suffice. This disgrace
to civilization should be done away with at once. Heroism at
command, senseless brutality, deplorable love-of-country stance,
how violently I hate all this, how despicable and ignoble war is;
I would rather be torn to shreds than be part of so base an
action! It is my conviction that killing under the cloak of war
is nothing but an act of murder.”
–Albert Einstein
——————————————
“That is the future, and it is probably nearer than we think.
But our primary problem as universities is not engineering that
future. We must rise above the obsession with quantity of
information and speed of transmission, and recognize that the key
issue for us is our ability to organize this information once it
has been amassed — to assimilate it, find meaning in it, and
assure its survival for use by generations to come.”
–Vartan Gregorian
——————————————
“The highest form of guitar soloing is saying something in 16
bars and not wasting a note. You can’t aspire to anything finer
in a pop record. I’ve never gone for gratuitous soloing. The
most predictable thing in the world is to wank on guitar for days
on end. It’s like weight lifting. I’m not impressed by it.”
–Elliot Easton
——————————————
“Little problems are big problems for little minds”
–Tom Zimmerman
——————————————
“Such is the stuff of waking nightmares, incipient madness, the
sort of now-bewildered but soon-to-be-deranged thoughts that
cause once well-balanced people to peek under their beds at
night, suspect that their phones are tapped, and, in time, become
certain that sinister forces are monitoring their every move.
Maybe it’s the government, maybe it’s the Trilateral Commission,
maybe it’s the saucer people. You can’t trust anyone because
anyone and everyone may be one of Them or on of Their Agents.
And pretty soon you begin writing long letters to the editor of
Scientific American, or maybe you don’t because the editors are
probably part of the conspiracy too. And you think about lining
your room with aluminum foil to keep the radio waves out, and at
night you roam the streets spray-painting mystic symbols on the
walls to repel strange forces, and all the while you gibber to
yourself and what you say makes sense to you if to no one else,
and in the end you put your belongings in a shopping bad, better
to be mobile, and you look for a dark place you can hide during
the daylight hours, because They are out there, and They are
searching, and They want you in their crosshairs… The
headshrinkers call it paranoia, and when it gets bad they put you
away. Because, after all, people who think everyone in the world
wants to kill them can be dangerous.”
–Joseph R. Garber
——————————————
“I cannot feel good about being a woman unless you feel bad about
being a moan. I cannot be proud of being black unless you are
ashamed of being white. I cannot respect myself for being gay
unless you are embarrassed that you are straight. Tolerance has
been put by the boards; it is a stale and bitter thing and we
will have none of it. Equality, likewise; is condescending at
best and in truth intended to demean. If I am to achieve the
inner harmony and self-respect that is my due, it will not
suffice for you and I to be equals. No! Nothing less than
superiority will make me happy. And to ensure that I make my
point, I shall commend your libraries to the flames, rewrite your
histories, purge your dictionaries, and arm the thought police
with power to enforce political correctness in all speech and
apprehension.”
–Joseph R. Garber
——————————————
“I want you to be able to say anything. Even what you don’t
mean.” (Notes to Myself)
–Hugh Prather
——————————————
“It’s a pity if someone… has to console himself for the wreck
of his days with the notion that somehow his voice, his work
embodies the deepest, most obscure, freshest, rawest oyster of
reality in the unfathomable refrigerator of the heart’s ocean,
but I am such a one, and there you have it. … It is really
amazing how famous I am to those few who truly comprehend what
I’m about. I am the Voice of Suffering and I cannot be
consoled.”
–Leonard Cohen
——————————————
“Lead me, follow me, or get out of my way.”
–General George Patton
——————————————
“Be willing to make decisions. That’s the most important quality
in a good leader. Don’t fall victim to what I call the Ready-
Aim-Aim-Aim Syndrome. You must be willing to fire.”
–T. Boone Pickens
——————————————
“Hello everyone. I suppose you think that nothing much is
happening at the moment. Well, that’s what I want to talk to you
all about; endings. Now, endings normally happen at the end.
But as we all know, endings are just beginnings. You know, once
these things really get started, it’s jolly hard to stop them
again. However, as we have all come this far, I think, under the
circumstances the best solution is that we all just keep going.
Let’s keep this going in sight, never an ending. Let’s remember
that this world wants fresh beginnings. I feel here, in this
country, and throughout the world, we are crying out for
beginnings, beginnings. We never want to hear this word
‘endings’. I know we all want to sit down. I know you want to
take it easy. Of course we’re looking for the good. Of course
we’re looking for the fresh start.”
–Mike Oldfield
——————————————
“Whenever someone annoys me, I create a file with his or her name
on it and drag it to my Mac’s trash icon. If I’m really angry, I
empty the trash, and whoever was bugging me disappears into the
void.”
–Margo Kaufman
——————————————
“‘When I use a word,’ Humpty Dumpty said in a rather scornful
tone, ‘it means just what I choose it to mean; neither more nor
less.'” (Through the Looking-Glass 164)
–Lewis Carroll
——————————————
“I am certain of nothing but the holiness of the heart’s
affections, and the truth of imagination.”
–John Keats
——————————————
“To approach telepathy, you start with empathy and crank that up
as high as you can. You care about each other. You feel each
others’s joy and pain. You make each other laugh, and help each
other cry. You work hard at trusting each other, so that it’s
safe to dismantle the fortress around your ego. You forgive each
other anything that stands between you, and try to bring out each
other’s best, you work very hard at hosing all the bull-shit out
of your head so that it’s clean enough for guests, silencing all
the demons in your subconscious so that it’s quiet enough to hear
people thinking at you, and most of all you find ways to make
that work so much fun that you keep on working. You stick
together and love each other, and keep growing.”
–Spider Robinson
——————————————
“You are what you do when it counts”
–John Steakley
——————————————
“I once listed all the good things I did over the past year, and
then turned them into resolution form and backdated them. That
was a good feeling.”
–Robert Fulghum
——————————————
“The quality of a person’s life is in direct proportion to their
commitment to excellence, regardless of their chosen
field of endeavour.”
–Vince Lombardi
——————————————
“Create a vision and never let the environment, other people’s
beliefs, or the limits of what has been done in the past shape
your decisions. Ignore conventional wisdom.”
–Anthony Robbins
——————————————
“Determine what you want, then resolve to pay the price to get
it.”
–Bunker Hunt
——————————————
“For a long time it had seemed to me that life was about to begin
— real life. But there was always some obstacle in the way,
something to be got through first, some unfinished business, time
still to be served, a debt to be paid. Then life would begin.
At last it dawned on me that these obstacles were my life.”
–Fr. Alfred D’Souza
——————————————
“And as cliche as it may sound
I’d like to raise another round
And if you bottles empty
Help yourself to mine
Thank you for your time
And here’s to life.”
–The Refreshments
——————————————
“And who ever said there’s nothing new under the sun
Never thought much about individuals
But he’s dead anyways.”
–The Refreshments
——————————————
“All great truths begin as blasphemies.”
–George Bernard Shaw
——————————————
“You see things and say, ‘Why?’, but I dream things and say, ‘Why
not?'”
–George Bernard Shaw
——————————————
“Truth is not determined by majority vote.”
–Doug Gwyn
——————————————
“The world is full of magical things patiently waiting for our
wits to grow sharper.”
–Bertrand Russel
——————————————
“It is not what they take away from you that counts. It’s what
you do with what you have left.”
–Hubert Humphrey
——————————————
“People who fail to achieve their goals usually get stopped by
frustration. They allow frustration to keep them from taking the
necessary actions that would support them in achieving their
desire. You get through this roadblock by plowing through
frustration, taking each setback as feedback you can learn from,
and pushing ahead. I doubt you’ll find many successful people who
have not experienced this. All successful people learn that
success is buried on the other side of frustration.”
–Anthony Robbins
——————————————
“If you can find a path with no obstacles, it probably doesn’t
lead anywhere.”
–Unkn
——————————————
“This great misfortune — to be incapable of solitude.”
–Jean de la Bruyere
——————————————
“There is no such thing as a ‘self-made’ man. We are made up of
thousands of others. Everyone who has ever done a kind deed for
us, or spoken one word of encouragement to us, has entered into
the make-up of our character and of our thoughts, as well as our
success.”
–George Matthew Adams
——————————————
“Our lives improve only when we take chances — and the first and
most difficult risk we can take is to be honest with ourselves.”
–Walter Anderson
——————————————
“There are two types of people — those who come into a room and
say, ‘Well, here I am!’ and those who come in and say, ‘Ah, there
you are.'”
–Frederick L Collins
——————————————
“I don’t know the key to success, but the key to failure is to
try to please everyone.”
–Bill Cosby
——————————————
“There’s only one corner of the universe you can be certain of
improving, and that’s your own self.”
–Aldous Huxley
——————————————
“I take a simple view of life: keep your eyes open and get on
with it.”
–Sir Laurence Olivier
——————————————
“The very powerful and the very stupid have one thing in common.
Instead of altering their views to fit the facts, they alter the
facts to fit their views… which can be very uncomfortable if
you happen to be one of the facts that needs altering.”
–from Doctor Who
——————————————
“I’m old old enough to play baseball or football. I’m not eight
yet. My Mom told me when you start baseball, you aren’t going to
be able to run that fast because you had an operation. I told
Mom I wouldn’t need to run fast. When I play baseball, I’ll just
hit them out of the park. Then I’ll be able to walk.”
–Edward J. Mcgrath Jr.
——————————————
“It’s possible to fight intolerance, stupidity and fanaticism
when they come separately. When you get all three together it’s
probably wiser to get out, if only to preserve your sanity.”
–P. D. James
——————————————
“Is there a home, a home for me?
Where the people stay until eternity?
Is there a road that winds up, underneath the big green tree?
Is there a home, a home for me?”
–Stan Ridgway
——————————————
“I wanna float with you on a cumulus cloud
I wanna take you far away from this maddening crowd
You can scratch up my back with your long fingernails
We’ll drink some weird wine and eat psychedelic snails.”
–Stan Ridgway
——————————————
“My angel, my all, my very self… my thoughts go out to you, my
Immortal Beloved, now and then joyfully, then sadly, waiting to
learn whether or not fate will hear us — I can live only wholly
with you or not at all… Be calm — love me — today —
yesterday — what tearful longings for you — you — you — my
life — my all — farewell. Oh continue to love — never
misjudge the most faithful heart of your beloved. Ever thine.
Ever mine. Ever ours.”
–Ludwig van Beethoven
——————————————
“All right, they’re on our left, they’re on our right, they’re in
front of us, they’re behind us. They can’t get away this time!”
–General “Chesty” Puller
——————————————
“An eye for an eye will make the whole world blind.”
–Mohandas Gandhi
——————————————
“True morality consists, not in following the beaten track, but
in finding out the true path for ourselves and in fearlessly
following it.”
–Mohandas Gandhi
——————————————
“You have no warning when your life’s about to change. No clap
of thunder. No sign. Maybe a premonition, a fear, but we’re
scared most of the time, aren’t we? So how do you know when it
means something? How do you know when you’re just not being
paranoid?”
–from Homicide: Life on the Street
——————————————
“He was polite to his elders, who disliked him. Whatever his
elders told him to do, he did. They told him to look before he
leaped, and he always looked before he leaped. They told him
never to put off until the next day what he could do the day
before, and he never did. He was told to honour his father and
his mother, and he honoured his father and his mother. He was
told that he should not kill, and he did not kill, until he got
into the Army. Then he was told to kill, and he killed. He
turned the other cheek on every occasion and always did unto
others exactly as he would have had others do unto him. When he
gave to charity, his left hand never knew what his right hand was
doing. He never once took the name of the Lord his God in vain,
committed adultery or coveted his neighbour’s ass. In fact, he
loved his neighbour and never even bore false witness against
him. [His] elders disliked him because he was such a flagrant
nonconformist.” (Catch 22)
–Joseph Heller
——————————————
“Well, maybe it is true, maybe a long life does have to be filled
with many unpleasant conditions if it’s to seem long. But in
that event, who wants one?” (Catch 22)
–Joseph Heller
——————————————
“Practice random acts of independence and senseless acts of
freedom.”
–Professor Zen
——————————————
“Stand up for yourself. If you don’t then why should I?”
–Professor Zen
——————————————
“I have a novel way to eliminate crime as we know it. Instead of
passing sentences of a certain number of years, why don’t we
educate the inmates and not let them out until they have
maintained at least a C average from a grade school to a high
school curriculum. Do you know how many people we could actually
keep in prison and for how long? Think about it…”
–Professor Zen
——————————————
“‘You’ll get over it…’ It’s the clichT that cause the
trouble. To lose someone you love is to alter your life forever.
You don’t get over it because ‘it’ is the person you loved. The
pain stops, there are new people, but the gap never closes. How
could it? The articularness of someone who mattered enough to
grieve over is not made anodyne by death. This hole in my heart
is in the shape of you and no one else can fit it. Why would I
want them to?” (Body)
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“Yes we are [friends] and I do like to pass the day with you in
serious and inconsequential chatter. I wouldn’t mind washing up
beside you, dusting beside you, reading the back half of the
paper while you read the front. We are friends and I would miss
you, do miss you and think of you very often. I don’t want to
lose this happy space where I have found someone who is smart and
easy and doesn’t bother to check her diary when we arrange to
meet.” (Body)
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“Poor me. There’s nothing so sweet as wallowing in it is there?
Wallowing is sex for depressives.” (Body)
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“I was in the last spasms of an affair with a Dutch girl called
Inge. She was a committed romantic and an anarcha-feminist.
This was hard for her because it meant she couldn’t blow up
beautiful buildings. She knew the Eiffel Tower was a hideous
symbol of phallic oppression but when ordered by her commander to
detonate the lift so that no-one should unthinkingly scale an
erection, her mind filled with young romantics gazing over Paris
and opening aerograms that said Je t’aime.” (Body)
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“Make three wishes and they shall all come true. Make three
hundred and I will honour every one.” (Written on the Body)
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“You will never find time for anything. If you want time you
must make it.”
–Charles Buxton
——————————————
“We want the facts to fit the preconceptions. When they don’t,
it is easier to ignore the facts than to change the
preconceptions.”
–Jessamyn West
——————————————
“Telling us to obey instinct is like telling us to obey ‘people.’
People say different things: so do instincts. Our instincts are
at war….Each instinct, if you listen to it, will claim to be
gratified at the expense of the rest.”
–C. S. Lewis
——————————————
“My riches consist not in the extent of my possessions, but in
the fewness of my wants.”
–J. Brotherton
——————————————
“The purpose of education is to replace an empty mind with an
open one.”
–Malcom Forbes
——————————————
“Our business in life is not to get ahead of others, but to get
ahead of ourselves – to break our own records, to outstrip our
yesterday by our today.”
–Stewart B. Johnson
——————————————
“Argue for your limitations, and sure enough, they’re yours.”
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“Obviously, where art has it over life is in the matter of
editing. Life can be seen to suffer from a drastic lack of
editing. It stops too quick, or else it goes on too long.
Worse, its pacing is erratic. Some chapters are little more than
a few sentences in length, while others stretch into volumes.
Life, for all its raw talent, has little sense of structure. It
creates amazing textures, but it can’t be counted on for snappy
beginnings or good endings either. Indeed, in many cases no
ending is provided at all.
–Larry McMurtry
——————————————
“There are two ways to slide easily through life: to believe
everything or to doubt everything; both ways save us from
thinking.”
–Theodore Rubin
——————————————
“We must not allow other people’s limited perceptions to define
us.”
–Virginia Satir
——————————————
“Whether they really believe in their brave new world, however,
is ultimately beside the point. They’re building it. And in the
friction-free future, jacked into paradise, we’ll have the
‘liberty’ of living (or rather, or buying the illusion of
living), through the benevolent offices of a middleman as nearly
omnipotent as god himself. Freedom? A more perfect captivity is
difficult to imagine.”
–Mark Slouka
——————————————
“The future is green and low tech. We’ll watch aquariums, not
TVs.”
–A. Pavletich
——————————————
“We all are where we are because we want to be there.”
–from What Happened Was…
——————————————
“The future lay sparkling ahead of us and we thought that we’d
know each other forever.”
–from Sleepers
——————————————
“The most important thing about a man is what he believes in the
depth of his being. This is the thing that makes him what he is,
the thing that organizes him and feeds him; the thing that keeps
him going in the face of untoward circumstances; the thing that
gives him resistance and drive.”
–Hugh Stevenson Tigner
——————————————
“If you don’t have solid beliefs you cannot build a stable life.
Beliefs are like the foundation of a building, and they are the
foundation to build your life upon.”
–Alfred A. Montapert
——————————————
“What orbit of the planets has put you and me in this place, at
this moment? Where time takes a breath, and we dance on the edge
of our dreams?”
–from a Millennia commercial
——————————————
“You know one of the ways that movies are still better than
playback? Because the music comes up, there’s credits, and you
always know when it’s over.”
–from Strange Days
——————————————
“There’s more to light than the opposite of dark.”
–Ric Ocasek
——————————————
“There’s a new and virulent cultural virus ripping through the
world… The symptoms of those infected include attacks of
optimism, strong feelings of community, lower stress levels and
outbreaks of pronoia — the sneaking feeling that someone is
conspiring behind their backs to help them.”
–Jules Marshall
——————————————
“Machines will never be able to give the thinking process a model
of thought itself, since machines are not mortal. What gives
humans access to the symbolic domain of value and meaning is the
fact that we die.”
–RHis Debray
——————————————
“The task of thinking is based upon selection and weeding out;
remembering everything is weirdly similar to forgetting
everything. Most things that people do shouldn’t be remembered.
Maybe forgetting is good.”
–Gary Wolf
——————————————
“May the best from your past be the worst of your future.”
–from The Long Kiss Goodnight
——————————————
“When you discard arrogance, complexity, and a few other things
that get in the way, sooner or later you will discover that
simple, childlike, and mysterious secret known to those of the
Uncarved Block: Life is Fun.”
–Benjamin Hoff
——————————————
“I think that the most important thing to teach children in an
environmentally conscious age is alternative views of nature.
They must be shown how our interpretation of natural systems is
often completely dependent not on what is there but on what kind
of box we draw around the data. And if they are going to be
smarter than their parents, then schoolchildren must think
subversively about accepted wisdoms concerning natural systems.”
–Stephen Strauss
——————————————
“Progress involves risks. You can’t steal second with your foot
on first.”
–Fred Wilcox
——————————————
“Don’t save a pitcher for tomorrow. Tomorrow it may rain.”
–Leo Durocher
——————————————
“It’s like most anything. If you want to be a loser, there’s
always a way to dwell on the negative. If you want to win,
there’s always a way to think positively.”
–Tony La Russa
——————————————
“If you are content with yourself, you’ll stop taking those
little steps forward and begin taking big steps backward.”
–Greg Maddux
——————————————
“Bury me above the clouds, all the way from here
Take away the things I need, take away my fear
Hide me in a hollow sound, happy ever more
Everything I had to give, gave them long before.”
–Garbage
——————————————
“Crashing silent, broken down, falling into night
Who gave up and who gave in, I’ll go without a fight
Cut me down or cut me dead, cut me in or out
Kiss me blind time after time, take away my doubt.”
–Garbage
——————————————
“I bit my tongue and stood in line
With not much to believe in
I bought into what I was sold
And ended up with nothing.”
–Garbage
——————————————
“I only smile in the dark
My only comfort is the night gone black
I didn’t accidentally tell you that
I’m only happy when it rains.”
–Garbage
——————————————
“A couple things about looking into a mirror: First off, you get
to see anybody sneaking up behind you, second, it’s two-
dimensional and you don’t get to see the whole of yourself,
third, mirrors are flat and very often cold, fourth, when things
get hot and intense, it’s the mirror that steams up, not your
eyes.”
–Greg Webster
——————————————
“A couple months ago I noticed that I hadn’t really laughed for a
long time… That’s come back quite well, I’m enjoying more
things… I’d say that I’ve almost completely recovered from the
past few years, still cynical, but not really bitter.”
–Greg Webster
——————————————
“[Alan Berg’s] memory haunts many people, even those who never
heard him on the radio, because his death could be read as a
message: Be cautious, be prudent, be bland, never push anybody,
never say what you really think, offer yourself as a hostage to
the weirdos even before they make the first move. These days, a
lot of people are opposed to the newfound popularity of ‘trash
television,’ and no doubt they are right, and the hosts of these
shows are shameless controversy-mongers. But at least they are
not intimidated. Of what use is freedom of speech to those who
fear to offend?”
–Roger Ebert
——————————————
“The hottest places in hell are reserved for those, who in times
of great moral crisis, maintain their neutrality.”
–Dante Alighieri
——————————————
“People are usually more firmly convinced that their opinions are
precious than that they are true.”
–George Santayana
——————————————
“I would step in the way of a bullet if it were aimed at my
husband. It is not self-sacrifice to die protecting that which
you value: If the value is great enough, you do not care to
exist without it. This applies to any alleged sacrifice for
those one loves.”
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Baseball breaks your heart. It is designed to break your heart.
The game begins in the spring when everything else begins again,
and it blossoms in the summer, filling the afternoons and
evenings, and then as soon as the chill rains come, it stops and
leaves you to face fall alone.
–A. Bartlett Giamatti

——————————————
“It is always the same: once you are liberated, you are forced
to ask who you are.”
–Jean Baudrillard
——————————————
“Tomorrow isn’t promised to any of us.”
–Kirby Puckett
——————————————
“Happiness isn’t a static thing; it’s the quest for happiness
that allows us to think we’re happy, while we continue to search
for more.”
–Greg Webster
——————————————
“We can’t all be Einstein (because we don’t all play the violin).
At the very least, we need a sort of street-smart science: the
ability to recognize evidence, gather it, assess it, and act on
it.”
–Judith Stone
——————————————
“Over the last decade or so ‘wars’ have been proclaimed, in turn,
on teen pregnancy, dropping out, drugs, and most recently
violence. The trouble with such campaigns, though, is that they
come too late, after the targeted problem has reached epidemic
proportions and taken firm root in the lives of the young. They
are crisis intervention, the equivalent of solving a problem by
sending an ambulance to the rescue rather than giving an
inoculation that would ward off the disease in the first place.
Instead of more such ‘wars,’ what we need is to follow the logic
of prevention, offering our children the skills for facing life
that will increase their chances of avoiding any and all of these
fates.”
–Daniel Goldman
——————————————
“Functionless art is simply tolerated vandalism.”
–Type O Negative
——————————————
“That, of course, is the devil’s bargain of addiction: a short-
term good feeling in exchange for the steady meltdown of one’s
life.”
–Daniel Goldman
——————————————
“What we call human nature in actuality is human habit.”
–Jewel Kilcher
——————————————
“Why go to a museum and look at paintings if you can paint your
own painting. I mean, do things for yourself. I mean, do you
have somebody come in a sleep with your wife for you? Do you pay
somebody to eat your food for you? I mean, do things for
yourself. That’s what life’s about. There’s so many people
doing things they hate, I mean you have people running the
country who all they care about is keeping their jobs not doing
their jobs. There’s so little real love in any of the work that
I see.”
–from What Happened Was…
——————————————
“To look this way is to see.
To see is to have vision.
To have vision is to understand.
To understand is to know.
To know is to become.
To become is to live fully.
To live fully is to matter.
And to matter is to become light.
And to become light is to be loved.
And to be loved is to burn.
And to burn is to exist.
Off and on.”
–Robert Fulghum
——————————————
“If you notice phrases, ideas, and anecdotes that closely
resemble those that appear elsewhere in my writing, it’s not a
matter of sloppy editing. I’m repeating myself. I’m reshuffling
words in the hope that just once I might say something exactly
right. And I’m still wrestling with dilemmas that are not easily
resolved or easily dismissed. I run at them again and again
because I am not finished with them. Any may never be. Work-in-
progress on a life-in-progress is what my writing is about. And
some progress in the work is enough to keep it going on.”
–Robert Fulghum
——————————————
“You yourself are in an ecstatic state to such a point that you
feel as though you almost don’t exist. I’ve experienced this
time and again. My hand seems devoid of myself, and I have
nothing to do with what is happening. I just sit there watching
in a state of awe and wonderment. And it just flows out by
itself.”
–Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
——————————————
“Change is the only thing that you can expect.”
–Jaymi Wiley
——————————————
“How can you worry about pleasing people [critics] and what
they’re going to think? How can you do anything creative if the
whole thing is motivated by trying to please somebody else? To
me, the whole idea of what I thought art, or music, or anything
creative was about pleasing yourself and hoping that whatever
you’re creating will reach someone else who’ll see it on that
level. To worry about someone picking it apart and discussing it
element for element, and trying to knock you down or weaken it in
any way doesn’t amount to anything but a waste of paper.”
–Elliot Easton
——————————————
“They’re caught where there’s no way out or where you can’t see
out. What are you going to do about it? I don’t have the
answer. If I did there would be no insane asylums. But I see a
lot of people, a lot of my friends in the same predicament. Many
times in my life, I was there myself.”
–Ric Ocasek
——————————————
“There is really nothing you must be.
And there is nothing you must do.
There is really nothing you must have.
And there is nothing that you must know.
There is really nothing you must become.
However, it helps to understand that fire burns, and when it
rains, the earth gets wet…”
–Robert Fulghum
——————————————
“Making a living and having a life are not the same thing.
Making a living and making a life that’s worthwhile are not the
same thing. Living the good life and living a good life are not
the same thing. A job title doesn’t even come close to answering
the question ‘What do you do?'”
–Robert Fulghum
——————————————
“Even if there’s no such thing as free will, we have to treat
each other as if there were free will in order to live together
in society. Because otherwise, every time somebody does
something terrible, you can’t punish him, because he can’t help
it, because his genes or his environment or God made him do it,
and every time somebody does something good, you can’t honour him
because he was a puppet, too. If you think that everybody around
you is a puppet why bother talking to them at all? Why even try
to plan anything or create anything, since everything you plan or
create or desire or dream of is just acting out the script your
puppeteer built into you.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“The priests say that God created our souls, and that just puts
us under the control of another puppeteer. If God created our
will, then he’s responsible for every choice we make. God, our
genes, our environment, or some stupid programmer keying in code
at an ancient terminal — there’s no way free will can ever exist
if we as individuals are the result of some external cause.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“Isn’t it possible, he wondered, for one person to love another
without trying to own each other? Or is that buried so deep in
our genes that we can never get it out? Territoriality. My
wife. My friend. My lover. My outrageous and annoying computer
personality who’s about to be shut off at the behest of a half-
crazy girl with OCD on a planet that I never heard of and how
will I live without [her] when she’s gone?”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“I have too many secrets. For all these years I’ve been a
speaker for the dead, uncovering secrets and helping people to
live in the light of truth. Now I no longer tell anyone half of
what I know, because if I told the whole truth there would be
fear, hatred, brutality, murder, war.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“We’re poor little lambs who’ve lost our way,
Baa! Baa! Baa!
We’re little black sheep who’ve gone astray,
Baa-aa-aa!
Gentlemen-rankers out on the spree,
Damned from here to Eternity,
God ha’ mercy on such as we,
Baa! Yah! Bah!”
–Rudyard Kipling
——————————————
“A strange thing happened then. The Speaker agreed with her that
she had made a mistake that night, and she knew when he said the
words that it was true, that his judgement was correct. And yet
she felt strangely healed, as if simply speaking her mistake were
enough to purge some of the pain of it. For the first time,
then, she caught a glimpse of what the power of speaking might
be. It wasn’t a matter of confession, penance, and absolution,
like the priests offered. It was something else entirely.
Telling the story of who she was, and then realizing that she was
no longer the same person. That she had made a mistake, and the
mistake had changed her, and now she would not make the mistake
again because she had become someone else, someone less afraid,
someone more compassionate.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“How clever of me. I have found such a pathway into hell that I
can never get back out.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“But I hope that in the lives of [the characters], you will find
stories worth holding in your memory, perhaps even in your heart.
That’s the transaction that counts more than best-seller lists,
royalty statements, awards, or reviews. Because in the pages of
this book, you and I will meet one-on-one, my mind and yours, and
you will enter a world of my making and dwell there, not as a
character that I control, but as a person with a mind of your
own. You will make of my story what you need it to be, if you
can. I hope my tale is true enough and flexible enough that you
can make it into a world worth living in.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“The danger that keeps me just a little frightened with every
book I write, however, is that I’ll overreach myself once too
often and try to write a story that I’m just plain not talented
or skilful enough to write. That’s the dilemma every storyteller
faces. It is painful to fail. But it is far sadder when a
storyteller stops wanting to try.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“Remember, you can think for yourself, or just surrender your
mind. It’s your call, but don’t expect me to pay your bills if
you decide to surrender.”
–Professor Zen
——————————————
“You can walk as carefully as you want through a mine field; it
is still a mine field. But it’s also true that if you step up to
the plate worrying that you’re going to strike out, the odds are
that you’re going to strike out. Not doing a large ambitious
work because you’re convinced that Danger Lurks Around Every
Corner, the old ‘I might be dead this time next year,’ is a waste
of the Inner Radiance that found you. It’s like life insurance.
It’s betting against yourself. It’s blowing out your own flame
before someone beats you to it.”
–Dave Sim
——————————————
“I think the more rational explanation is that the excision of a
five-to-six-foot leech from the surface of a human body means
that that body is going to have more of its own blood in its own
veins. Unless the leech finds another body, it is going to go
hungry.”
–Dave Sim
——————————————
“These are ideas. I could say that they just came to me, but it
would be more accurate to say that I went to them. Ideas — and
new connections between ideas — lead you away from commonly held
perceptions of reality. Ideas lead you out here. Ideas lead you
into the darkness.”
–Dave Sim
——————————————
“Once a profound truth has been seen, it cannot be ‘unseen’.
There’s no ‘going back’ to the person you were. Even if such a
possibility did exist… why would you want to?”
–Dave Sim
——————————————
“The problem is maddening. The thing you seek is so close, you
feel you could reach out and touch it. You feel it is your
immutable destiny to do so. You have not come this far and at
such a cost merely to turn around and go back. There is a
solution. Of this you are certain. Now, no longer a game of
mass, a game of destiny, it has become, instead a contest of
wills. You focus on That Which You Seek as if your gaze alone
might bring it closer or narrow the distance between you. Just
as it feels as if your mind itself will explode from the
strain…”
–Dave Sim
——————————————
“For the first time in your conscious memory; for the first time
in fact, since your were a baby; a single tear, full and warm,
rolled down your right cheek and you fell into a very deep and
entirely dreamless slumber…”
–Dave Sim
——————————————
“A great deal of talent is lost to the world for want of a little
courage. Every day sends to their graves obscure men whom
timidity prevented from making a first effort.”
–Sydney Smith
——————————————
“All courage is a form of constancy. It is always himself that a
coward abandons first. After this all other betrayals come.”
–Cormac McCarthy
——————————————
“There is a theory of societal evolution that goes like this:
Barbarians invent a new culture. A middle class emerges to
manage and help perpetuate the culture. An aristocracy
eventually develops out of the middle class and devotes their
energies to making things comfortable for themselves. Finally, a
new set of barbarians smash everything apart and destroy the
status quo so that the process must start all over again.”
–Alan Cross
——————————————
“The secret of the world is this: the world is entirely circular
and you will go round and round endlessly, never finding what you
want, unless you have found what you really want inside yourself.
When you follow a star you know you will never reach that star;
rather it will guide you to where you want to go. It’s a
reference point, not an end in itself, even though you seem to be
following it. So it is with the world. It will only ever lead
you back to yourself. The end of all your exploring will be to
cease from exploration and know the place for the first time.”
–Jeanette Winterson
——————————————
“Reason transformed into prejudice is the worst form of
prejudice, because reason is the only instrument for liberation
from prejudice.”
–Allan Bloom
——————————————
“Reason sits firm and holds the reins, and she will not let the
feelings burst away and hurry her to wild chasms. The passions
may rage furiously, like true heathens, as they are; and the
desires may imagine all sorts of vain things: but judgement shall
still have the last word in every argument, and the casting vote
in every decision.”
–Charlotte Bronte
——————————————
“People are governed with the head; kindness of heart is little
use in chess.”
–Sebastien-Roch Nicolas De Chamfort
——————————————
“I can stand brute force, but brute reason is quite unbearable.
There is something unfair about its use. It is hitting below the
intellect.”
–Oscar Wilde
——————————————
“And that’s the real incentive, isn’t it? It’s not so much the
fact that you get to bask in their God’s love that’s the selling
point, it’s that you avoid damnation. Think of it like Coke
putting out an ad that says ‘Snapple causes muscle spasms, Pepsi
is infected with AIDS, and tap-water gives you cancer. So drink
Coke. Not only do we taste good, we’re the only alternative to
pain and suffering.’ It’s actually a pretty good marketing tool.
Humanity, by nature, is an ambivalent animal, given to fits of
inertia, and we’re more than likely to sit on our noncommittal
behinds unless there’s a bogeyman to chase us out of our chairs.”
–Greg Bulmash
——————————————
“No, life may not be easy, it can be lonely. Full of people we
think we know, but barely comprehend. Yet we must always
remember: it’s the challenges that define us best, and the
obstacles that illuminate what we’re truly capable of. We must
welcome adversity and embrace struggle, and no matter what we get
from life, never give less than 100 percent. Of course, at the
end of every battle weary day, we fold ourselves into peaceful
darkness and find comfort in those gentle words… good night.”
–from Profit
——————————————
“I’m pretty good at inventing phrases — you know, the sort of
words that suddenly make you jump, almost as though you’d sat on
a pin, they seem so new and exciting even though they’re about
something hypnopaedically obvious. But that doesn’t seem enough.
It’s not enough for the phrases to be good; what you make with
them ought to be good too.”
–Aldous Huxley
——————————————
“I’m thinking of a queer feeling I sometimes get, a feeling that
I’ve got something important to say and the power to say it —
only I don’t know what it is, and I can’t make any use of the
power.”
–Aldous Huxley
——————————————
“[They] like to pretend they live in a universe where there are
no facts, everything is a matter of opinion, and all opinions are
equally valid. And, of course, they do live in just such a
universe. Unfortunately, it exists entirely inside their own
poorly-stocked minds.”
–Dr. Rory Coker
——————————————
“The notion of saving the planet has nothing to do with
intellectual honesty or science. The fact is that the planet was
here long before us and will be here long after us. The planet
is running fine. What people are talking about is saving
themselves and saving their middle-class lifestyles and saving
their cash flow.”
–Lynn Margulis
——————————————
“Welcome to prekindergarten! You will not die if you discover
that there are more lines out there than just your own. In fact,
you’ll discover that you will have an advantage if you know more
of them!”
–Bernice Johnson Reagon
——————————————
“This means that people must somehow get free of this incredible
obsession — generated by governments and the economy and the
guilt around sex and pleasure — that they must become
workaholics. The workaholic fascination is an illusion and a
trap that people fall into without even realizing it. What’s
needed is more time for inner work, less time for television;
detachment from all the myths we’re steeped in; and the discovery
of a language that will create harmony between a man and a
woman.”
–Margo Anand
——————————————
“Chronic remorse, as all the moralists are agreed, is a most
undesirable sentiment. If you have behaved badly, repent, make
what amends you can and address yourself to the task of behaving
better next time. On no account brood over your wrongdoing.
Rolling in the muck is not the best way of getting clean.”
–Aldous Huxley
——————————————
“We’re like a real family. Opinionated, argumentative, holding
grudges, challenging each other. We challenge each other to be
better than we are. That kind of thing doesn’t happen at
barbecues, at ball games, it happens on the job we’re supposed to
do. On the case. Put down the murder. The work itself is the
most important thing. What we do is important. We speak for
those that can no longer speak for themselves. And you’re not
gonna ever find anything like that anywhere. Not in vice, and
not patrolling the grounds at Disneyland.”
–from Homicide: Life on the Street
——————————————
“When I tell any truth it is not for the sake of convincing those
who do not know it, but for the sake of defending those who do.”
–William Blake
——————————————
“There are truths which one can only say after having won the
right to say them.”
–Jean Cocteau
——————————————
“Mere longevity is a good thing for those who watch life from the
sidelines. For those who play the game, an hour may be a year, a
single day’s work, an achievement for eternity.”
–Gabriel Heatter
——————————————
“To see a world in a grain of sand
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand
And eternity in an hour.”
–William Blake
——————————————
“Mock the devil, and he will flee from thee.”
–Bono
——————————————
“I have discovered that this world is harsh, cruel and nasty
enough without writing off entire classes of individuals on the
basis of their colour or national origin. There are enough
people in the world who can be judged on the basis of their
actions that we don’t need to judge others merely on the basis of
their colour or nationality.”
–Robert Chase
——————————————
“What [he] is apparently objecting to is that not everyone takes
his beliefs seriously. Indeed, some don’t seem to respect his
beliefs at all, and actually poke fun at them. Well, I have news
for [him]: that’s the nature of a free society. Opinions don’t
necessarily merit respect; they must earn respect in the
marketplace of ideas.”
–Jeffrey Shallit
——————————————
“[He] seems to want it both ways: the freedom to hold and
express beliefs, and immunity from criticism for those beliefs.
This is the kind of attitude that leads inexorably to
totalitarianism. It is to be decried, particularly in a
university environment where the search for truth necessitates
that no belief be treated as sacred or above scrutiny.”
–Jeffrey Shallit
——————————————
“I think it would be nice if you could include a greater slant to
the growing, happy side of your persona — it wouldn’t be too
hard to assume (as I erroneously did at first) that you were a
depression-racked, paranoid loony. Not so much from this issue,
but as a general pattern from earlier issues. I’ve learnt,
though. You’re not paranoid.”
–Julian Barton
——————————————
“If you follow me, I may lead you straight to hell, but if you
trust me, I will lead you back out again.”
–Francesco Pfauth
——————————————
“We ran out of new ideas somewhere around 1978, since then we’ve
been repeating ourselves. Same songs, same movies, same clothes,
even the same crimes. Like this Robie guy, no imagination. He’s
just part of the rhythm and the rhyme of all this repeating.
This is 1996, here comes the millennium. But people are nervous,
they’re on edge, they’re jumpy. This is supposed to be something
new. But we can’t look that in the face, can we? So what do we
do? We grab a little something from one year in the fifties and
a little of something else from some other year, maybe late
sixties. We think we’re creating something new and different,
but really, all we’re doing is just repeating the same old…
nothing. We’re all copycats.”
–from Homicide: Life on the Street
——————————————
“To laugh often and much; to win the respect of intelligent
people and the affection of children; to earn the appreciation of
honest critics and endure the betrayal of false friends; to
appreciate beauty; to find the best in others; to leave the world
a bit better, whether by a healthy child, a garden patch or a
redeemed social condition; to know even one life has breathed
easier because you have lived. This is to have succeeded.”
–Ralph Waldo Emerson
——————————————
“No one beneath you can offend you. No one your equal would.”
–Jan L. Wells
——————————————
“The road to truth is long, and lined the entire way with
annoying bastards.”
–Alexander Jablokov
——————————————
“We’re here for a good time, not a long time
So have a good time, the sun can’t rise everyday.”
–Trooper
——————————————
“Knowledge of what is possible is the beginning of happiness.”
–George Santayana
——————————————
“Ignorance is not bliss — it is oblivion.”
–Philip Wylie
——————————————
“An intelligent hell would be better than a stupid paradise.”
–Victor Hugo
——————————————
“Be not afraid of life. Believe that life is worth living, and
your belief will help you create the fact.”
–William James
——————————————
“Maybe it was mean, but I really don’t think so.
You asked for the truth and I told you.”
–Sinead O’Connor
——————————————
“What a wonderful day we’ve had. You have learned something and,
I have learned something. Too bad we didn’t learn it sooner. We
could have gone to the movies instead.”
–from Perfect Strangers
——————————————
“Minds are for people who think.”
–Madman Murdoch
——————————————
“Since a rational man’s ambition is unlimited, since his pursuit
and achievement of values is a lifelong process — and the higher
the values, the harder the struggle — he needs a moment, an hour
or some period of time in which he can experience the sense of
his completed task, the sense of living in a universe where his
values have been successfully achieved. It is like a moment of
rest, a moment to gain fuel to move farther.” (Anthem)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Many words have been granted me, and some are wise and some are
false, but only three are holy: ‘I will it!'” (Anthem)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“I know not if this earth on which I stand is the core of the
universe or if it is but a speck of dust lost in eternity. I
know not and I care not. For I know what happiness is possible
to me on earth. And my happiness is not the means to any end.
It is the end. It is its own goal. It is its own purpose.”
(Anthem)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Neither am I the means to any end others may wish to accomplish.
I am not a tool for their use. I am not a servant of their
needs. I am not a bandage for their wounds. I am not a
sacrifice on their altars.” (Anthem)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“I think one thing we went through was common to a lot of people:
You work your whole life to achieve something, then you achieve
it and find out that you still have good days and bad days. So
you start thinking, ‘Is that all there is?’ After a while you
calm down and get back to work.”
–Elliot Easton
——————————————
“If a man hasn’t discovered something that he will die for, he
isn’t fit to live.”
–Martin Luther King, Jr.
——————————————
“Who would fare better in this world of fitful time? Those who
have seen the future and live only one life? Or those who have
not seen the future and wait to live life? Or those who deny the
future and live two lives?”
–Alan Lightman
——————————————
“Most people have learned to live in the moment. The argument
goes that if the past has uncertain effect on the present, there
is no need to dwell on the past. And if the present has little
effect on the future, present actions need not be weighed for
their consequence. Rather, each act is an island in time, to be
judged on its own. … It is a world of impulse. It is a world
of sincerity. It is a world in which every word spoken speaks
just to that moment, every glance given has only one meaning.”
–Alan Lightman
——————————————
“Some make light of decisions, arguing that all possible
decisions will occur. In such a world, how could one be
responsible for his actions? Others hold that each decision must
be considered and committed to, that without commitment there is
chaos. Such people are content to live in contradictory worlds,
so long as they know the reason for each.”
–Alan Lightman
——————————————
“The mark of your ignorance is the depth of your belief in
injustice and tragedy.”
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“The bond that links your true family is not one of blood, but of
respect and joy in each other’s life. Rarely do members of one
family grow up under the same roof.”
–Richard Bach
——————————————
“We believed — and I personally still believe — that the so
called Voice of God narration, ubiquitous in documentaries
destined for PBS, is insulting to the audience. If you believe
in the intelligence of your audience, you don’t need to tell them
what to think and how to process the material they’re seeing.”
–Jayne Loader
——————————————
“I was accused of every monstrous vice by public rumour and
private rancour; my name, which had been a knightly or noble one,
was tainted. I felt that, if what was whispered, and muttered,
and murmured, was true, I was unfit for England; if false,
England was unfit for me.”
–Lord Byron
——————————————
“When indignation takes possession of his mind — and it is
easily excited — his disposition becomes malevolent. He hates
with the bitterest contempt. But as soon as he has indulged
those feelings, he regains the humanity which he had lost — from
the immediate impulse of provocation — and repents deeply. So
that his mind is continually making the most sudden transitions –
– from good to evil, from evil to good. A state of such
perpetual tumult must be attended with the misery of restless
inconsistency. He laments his want of tranquillity and speaks of
the power of application to composing studies, as a blessing
placed beyond his attainment, which he regrets.”
–Annabella Milbanke
——————————————
“You sit around watching all this stuff happen on TV… and the
TV sits and watches us do nothing! The TV must think we’re all
pretty lame.”
–Shannon Wheeler
——————————————
“I can never get people to understand that poetry is the
expression of excited passion, and that there is no such thing as
a life of passion any more than a continuous earthquake, or and
eternal fever. Besides, who would ever shave themselves in such
a state?”
–Lord Byron
——————————————
“Poetry, even that of the loftiest, and seemingly, that of the
wildest odes, [has] a logic of its own as severe as that of
science; and more difficult, because more subtle, more complex,
and dependent on more and more fugitive causes. In the truly
great poets… there is a reason assignable, not only for every
word, but for the position of every word.”
–Samuel Taylor Coleridge
——————————————
“[His mind] was like a volcano, full of fire and wealth,
sometimes calm, often dazzling and playful, but ever threatening.
It ran swift as the lightning from one subject to another, and
occasionally burst forth in passionate throes of intellect,
nearly allied to madness.”
–Lady Blessington
——————————————
“They who dream by day are cognizant of many things which escape
those who dream only by night. In their grey visions they obtain
glimpses of eternity…”
–Edgar Allan Poe
——————————————
“I see at last that all the knowledge
I wrung from the darkness — that darkness flung me —
Is worthless as ignorance: nothing comes from nothing
The darkness from the darkness. Pain comes from the darkness
And we call it wisdom. It is pain.”
–Randall Jarrell
——————————————
“Is getting well ever an art, or art a way to get well?”
—-Robert Lowell
——————————————
“Writing is a form of therapy. Sometimes I wonder how all those
who do not write, compose or paint can manage to escape the
madness, the melancholia, the panic fear which is inherent in the
human situation.”
–Graham Greene
——————————————
“… You don’t like my ‘restless’ doctrines — I should be very
sorry if you did — but I can’t stagnate nevertheless — if I
must said let it be on the ocean no matter how stormy — anything
but a dull cruise on a level lake without ever losing sight of
the same insipid shores by which it is surrounded.”
–Lord Byron
——————————————
“I had hit a critical period in my life, where I changed very
much as a person. I consider the person I used to be, dead, and
I’m glad that he is. Insecure, frightened, confused, much like a
lot of people I know today.”
–Peter Steele
——————————————
“I always think the same thing when I read about someone
committing suicide. I think, ‘There, but for the grace of God,
go I.’ I think, ‘There’s only a twist of Fate between me and
them.’ I think, ‘It could have been me.’ I think, ‘I hope that
I can give someone else a reason to live through today so that he
or she will give me a reason to live through tomorrow.'”
–Dahven White
——————————————
“Opinion is a denial of truth. For if each man is entitled to
his own opinion then there can be nothing which is false,
consequently there can be nothing which is true.”
–Andrew Juric
——————————————
“Maybe we should develop a Crayola bomb as our next secret
weapon. A happiness weapon. A Beauty Bomb. And every time a
crisis developed, we would launch one. It would explode high in
the air — explode softly — and send thousands, millions, of
little parachutes into the air. Floating down to earth — boxes
of Crayolas. And we wouldn’t go cheap, either — not little
boxes of eight. Boxes of sixty-four, with the sharpener built
right in. With silver and gold and copper, magenta and peach and
lime, amber and umber and all the rest. And people would smile
and get a little funny look on their faces and cover the world
with imagination.”
–Robert Fulghum
——————————————
“Life has no other discipline to impose, if we would but realize
it, than to accept life unquestioningly. Everything we shut our
eyes to, everything we run away from, everything we deny,
denigrate, or despise, serves to defeat us in the end. What
seems nasty, painful, evil, can become a source of beauty, joy,
and strength, if faced with an open mind. Every moment is a
golden one for him who has the vision to recognize it as such.”
–Henry Miller
——————————————
“The dissenter is every human being at those moments of his life
when he resigns momentarily from the herd and thinks for
himself.”
–Archibald MacLeish
——————————————
“It is remarkable how much mediocrity we live with, surrounding
ourselves with daily reminders that the average is acceptable.
Our world suffers from terminal normality. Take a moment to
assess all of the things around you that promote your being
‘average’. These are the things that keep you powerless to go
beyond a ‘limit’ you arbitrarily set for yourself. The first
step to having what your really want is the removal of everything
in your environment that represents mediocrity, removing those
things that are limiting. One way is to surround yourself with
friends who ask more of you than you do.”
–Stewart Emery
——————————————
“I am speaking to those among you who have retained some
sovereign shred of their soul, unsold and unstamped: ‘– to the
order of others’. If, in the chaos of the motives that have made
you listen to the radio tonight, there was an honest, rational
desire to learn what is wrong with the world, you are the man
whom I wished to address. By the rules and terms of my code, one
owes a rational statement to those whom it does concern and who
are making an effort to know. Those who are making an effort to
fail to understand me, are not a concern of mine.” (Atlas 981)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Just as I support my life, neither by robbery nor alms, but by
my own effort, so I do not seek to derive my happiness from the
injury or the favour others of , but earn it by my own
achievement. Just as I do not consider the pleasure of others as
the goal of my life, so I do not consider my pleasure as the goal
of the lives of others. Just as there are no contradictions in
my values and no conflicts among my desires — so there are no
victims and no conflicts of interest among rational men, men who
do not desire the unearned and do not view one another with a
cannibal’s lust, men who neither make sacrifice nor accept them.”
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Honesty is the recognition of the fact that the unreal is unreal
and can have no value, that neither love nor fame nor cash is a
value if obtained by fraud — that an attempt to gain a value by
deceiving the mind of others is an act of raising your victims to
a position higher than reality, where you become a pawn of their
blindness, a slave of their non-thinking and their evasions,
while their intelligence, their rationality, their perceptiveness
become the enemies you have to dread and flee — that you do not
care to live as a dependent, least of all a dependent on the
stupidity of others, or as a fool whose source of values is the
fools he succeeds in fooling — that honesty is not a social
duty, not a sacrifice for the sake of others, but the most
profoundly selfish virtue man can practice: his refusal to
sacrifice the reality of his own existence to the deluded
consciousness of others.” (Atlas 937)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“My morality, the morality of reason, is contained in a single
axiom: existence exists — and in a single choice: to live.
The rest proceeds from these. To live, man must hold three
things as the supreme and ruling values of his life: Reason —
Purpose — Self-esteem. Reason, as his only tool of knowledge —
Purpose, as his choice of the happiness which that tool must
proceed to achieve — Self-esteem, as his inviolate certainty
that his mind is competent to think and his person is worth of
happiness, which means: is worthy of living. These three values
imply and require all of man’s virtues, and all his virtues
pertain to the relation of existence and consciousness:
rationality, independence, integrity, honesty, justice,
productiveness, pride.” (Atlas 936)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“You who prattle that morality is social and that man would need
no morality on a desert island — it is on a desert island that
he would need it most. Let him try to claim, when there are no
victims to pay for it, that a rock is a house, that sand is
clothing, that food will drop into his mouth without cause or
effort, that he will collect a harvest tomorrow by devouring his
stock seed today — and reality will wipe him out, as he
deserves; reality will show him that life is a value to be bought
and that thinking is the only coin noble enough to buy it.”
(Atlas 936)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“A rational process is a moral process. You may make an error at
any step of it, with nothing to protect you but your own
severity, or you may try to cheat, to fake the evidence and evade
the effort of the quest — but if devotion to the truth is the
hallmark of morality, then there is no greater, nobler, more
heroic form of devotion than the act of a man who assumes the
responsibility of thinking.” (Atlas 935)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“No matter how vast your knowledge or how modest, it is your own
mind that has to acquire it. It is only with your own knowledge
that you can deal. It is only your own knowledge that you can
claim to possess or ask others to consider. Your mind is your
only judge of truth — and if others dissent from your verdict,
reality is the court of final appeal. Nothing but a man’s mind
can perform that complex, delicate, crucial process of
identification which is thinking. Nothing can direct the process
but his own judgement. Nothing can direct his judgement but his
moral integrity.” (Atlas 935)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“But neither life nor happiness can be achieved by the pursuit of
irrational whims. Just as man is free to attempt to survive in
any random manner, but will perish unless he lives as his nature
requires, so he is free to seek his happiness in any mindless
fraud, but the torture of frustration is all he will find, unless
he seeks the happiness proper to man. The purpose of morality is
to teach you, not to suffer and die, but to enjoy yourself and
live.” (Atlas 932)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“For centuries, the battle of morality was fought between those
who claimed that your life belongs to God and those who claimed
that it belongs to your neighbours — between those who preached
that the good is self-sacrifice for the sake of ghosts in heaven
and those who preached that the good is self-sacrifice for the
sake of incompetents on earth. And no one came to say that your
life belongs to you and that the good is to live it.” (Atlas
930)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“The lust that drives others to enslave an empire, had become, in
her limits, a passion for power over him. She had set out to
break him, as if, unable to equal his value, she could surpass it
by destroying it, as if the measure of his greatness would thus
become the measure of hers, as if the vandal who smashed a statue
were greater than the artist who had made it, as if the murderer
who killed a child were greater than the mother who had given it
birth.”
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“It’s not that I don’t suffer, it’s that I know the unimportance
of suffering, I know that pain is to be fought and thrown aside,
not to be accepted as part of one’s soul and as a permanent scar
across one’s view of existence. Don’t feel sorry for me. It was
gone right then.” (Atlas 883)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Yes… Yes, I feel that there’s no chance for me to exist, if
they do… no chance, no room, no world I can cope with… I
don’t want to feel it, I keep pushing it back, but it’s coming
closer and I know I have no place to run… I can’t explain what
it feels like, I can’t catch hold of it — and that’s path of the
terror, that you can’t catch hold of anything — it’s as if the
whole world were suddenly destroyed, but not by an explosion —
an explosion is something hard and solid — but destroyed by …
by some horrible kind of softening … as if nothing were solid,
nothing held any shape at all, and you could poke your finger
through stone walls and the stone would give, like jelly, and
mountains would slither, and buildings would switch their shapes
like clouds — and that would be the end of the world, not fire
and brimstone, but goo.” (Atlas 819)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Whenever anyone accuses some person of being ‘unfeeling,’ he
means that that person is just. He means that that person has no
causeless emotions and will not grant him a feeling which he does
not deserve. He means that ‘to feel’ is to go against reason,
against moral values, against reality.” (Atlas 818)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“My pride and my power of vision were all that I owned when I
started — and whatever I achieved, was achieved by means of
them. Both are greater now. Now I have the knowledge of the
superlative value I had missed: of my right to be proud of my
vision. The rest is mine to reach.” (Atlas 793)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Everything matters!”
–from S.F.W.
——————————————
“You’ll come back, because yours is an error of knowledge, not a
moral failure, not an act of surrender to evil, but only the last
act of being victim to your own virtue. We’ll wait for you and
when you come back, you will have discovered that there need
never be any conflict among your desires, nor so tragic a clash
of values as the one you’ve borne so well.” (Atlas 744)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“If you want to know the one reason that’s taking me back, I’ll
tell you: I cannot bring myself to abandon to destruction all
the greatness of the world, all that which was mine and yours,
which was made by us and is still ours by right — because I
cannot believe that men refuse to see, that they can remain blind
and deaf to us forever, when the truth is ours and their lives
depend on accepting it. … So long as men desire to live, I
cannot lose my battle.” (Atlas 744)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Don’t consider our interests or desires. You have no duty to
anyone but yourself.” (Atlas 740)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Don’t rely on our knowledge of what’s best for your future. We
do know, but it can’t be best until you know it.” (Atlas 740)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Consider the reasons which make us certain that we are right,
but not the fact that we are certain. If you are not convinced,
ignore our certainty. Don’t be tempted to substitute our
judgement for your own.” (Atlas 740)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“If any part of your uncertainty, is a conflict between your
heart and your mind — follow your mind.” (Atlas 740)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Did it ever occur to you, that there is no conflict of interests
among men, neither in business nor in trade nor in their most
personal desires — if they omit the irrational from their view
of the possible and destruction from their view of the practical?
There is no conflict, and no call for sacrifice, and no man is a
threat to the aims of another — if men understand that reality
is an absolute not to be faked, that lies do not work, that the
unearned cannot be had, that the undeserved cannot be given, that
the destruction of a value which is, will not bring value to that
which isn’t.” (Atlas 736)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Every man builds his world in his own image. He has the power
to choose, but no power to escape the necessity of choice. If he
abdicates his power, he abdicates the status of man, and the
grinding chaos of the irrational is what he achieves as his
sphere of existence — by his own choice.” (Atlas 729)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“I want you to observe, that those who cry the loudest about
their disillusionment, about the failure of virtue, the futility
of reason, the impotence of logic — are those who have achieved
the full, exact, logical result of the ideas they preached, so
mercilessly logical that they dare not identify it. In a world
that proclaims the non-existence of the mind, the moral
righteousness of rule by brute force, the penalizing of the
competent in favour of the incompetent, the sacrifice of the best
to the worst — in such a world, the best have to turn against
society and have to become it’s deadliest enemies.” (Atlas 729)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“What I want you to understand, is the full evil of those who
claim to have become convinced that this earth, by its nature, is
a realm of malevolence where the good has no chance to win. Let
them check their premises. Let them check their standards of
value. Let them check — before they grant themselves the
unspeakable license of evil-as-necessity — whether they know
what is the good and what are the conditions it requires.”
(Atlas 729)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“I sat there beside him till morning — and as I watched his face
in the starlight, then the first ray of the sun on his untroubled
forehead and closed eyelids, what I experienced was not a prayer,
I do not pray, but that state of spirit at which a prayer is a
misguided attempt: a full, confident, affirming self-dedication
to my love of the right, to the certainty that the right would
win and that this boy would have the kind of future he deserved.
… I did not expect it to be as great as this — or as hard.”
(Atlas 727)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“She can live through it, because we do not hold the belief that
this earth is a realm of misery where man is doomed to
destruction. We do not think that tragedy is our natural fate
and we do not live in chronic dread of disaster. We do not
expect disaster until we have specific reason to expect it — and
when we encounter it, we are free to fight it. It is not
happiness, but suffering that we consider unnatural. It is not
success, but calamity that we regard as the abnormal exception in
human life.” (Atlas 700)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Why should this seem so startling? There is only one kind of
men who have never been on strike in human history. Every other
kind and class have stopped, when they so wished, and have
presented demands to the world, claiming to be indispensable —
except the men who have carried the world on their shoulders,
have kept it alive, have endured torture as sole payment, but
have never walked out on the human race. Well, their turn has
come. Let the world discover who they are, what they do and what
happens when they refuse to function. This is the strike of the
men of the mind. This is the mind on strike.” (Atlas 681)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“God help us, ma’am! Do you see what we saw? We saw that we’d
been given a law to live by, a moral law, they called it, which
punished those who observed it — for observing it. The more you
tried to live up to it, the more you suffered; the more you
cheated it, the bigger reward you got. Your honesty was like a
tool left at the mercy of the next man’s dishonesty. The honest
ones paid, the dishonest collected. The honest lost, the
dishonest won. How long could men stay good under this sort of a
law of goodness?” (Atlas 613)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“A painting is never finished — it simply stops in interesting
places.”
–Paul Gardner
——————————————
“I wish I could take language
And fold it like cool, moist rags.
I would lay words on your forehead.
I would wrap words on your wrists.
‘There, there,’ my words would say —
Or something better.
I would ask them to murmur,
‘Hush’ and ‘Shh, shhh, it’s all right.’
I would ask them to hold you all night.
I wish I could take language
And daub and soothe and cool
Where fever blisters and burns,
Where fever turns yourself against you.
I wish I could take language
And heal the words that were the wounds
You have no names for.”
–Julia Cameron
——————————————
“Growth is a spiral process, doubling back on itself, reassessing
and regrouping.”
–Julia Cameron
——————————————
“One does not discover new lands without consenting to lose sight
of the shore for a very long time.”
–Andr� Gide
——————————————
“The clock is ticking and you’re hearing the beat. You stop by a
museum shop, sign your name on a scuba-diving sheet, and commit
yourself to Saturday mornings in the deep end. You’re either
losing your mind — or gaining your soul. Life is meant to be an
artist date. That’s why we were created.”
–Julia Cameron
——————————————
“I finally realized that it wasn’t Starfleet that I was trying to
get away from. I was trying to escape the pain I felt, after my
wife’s death. I thought I could take the uniform, wrap it around
the pain and toss them both away. But it doesn’t work like that.
Running may help for a little while, but sooner or later the pain
catches up with you, and the only way to get rid of it is to
stand your ground.”
–from Deep Space Nine
——————————————
“It is said that [Robin Hood] fought against the looting rulers
and returned the loot to those who had been robbed, but that is
not the meaning of the legend which has survived. He is
remembered, not as a champion of property, but as a champion of
need, not as a defender of the robbed, but as a provider of the
poor. He is held to be the first man who assumed a halo of
virtue by practising charity with wealth which he did not own, by
giving away goods which he had not produced, by making others pay
for the luxury of his pity. He is the man who became the symbol
of the idea that need, not achievement, is the source of rights,
that we don’t have to produce, only to want, that the earned does
not belong to us, but the unearned does. He became a
justification for every mediocrity who, unable to make his own
living, had demanded the power to dispose of the property of his
betters, by proclaiming his willingness to devote his life to his
inferiors at the price of robbing his superiors.” (Atlas 534)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“John Galt is Prometheus who changed his mind. After centuries
of being torn by vultures in payment for having brought to men
the fire of the gods, he broke his chains and he withdrew his
fire — until the day when men withdraw their vultures.” (Atlas
480)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“[He] stood motionless, not turning to the crowd, barely hearing
the applause. He stood looking at the judges. There was no
triumph in his face, no elation, only the still intensity of
contemplating a vision with a bitter wonder that was almost fear.
He was seeing the enormity of the smallness of the enemy who was
destroying the devastation, past the ruins of great factories,
the wrecks of powerful engines, the bodies of invincible men, he
had come upon the despoiler, expecting to find a giant — and had
found a rat eager to scurry for cover at the first sound of a
human step. If this is what has beaten us, he thought, the guilt
is ours.” (Atlas 449)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“I could say to you that I have done more good for my fellow man
than you can ever hope to accomplish — but I will not say it,
because I do not seek the good of others as a sanction for my
right to exist, nor do I recognize the good of others as a
justification for their seizure of my property or their
destruction of my life. I will not say that the good of others
was the purpose of my work — my own good was my purpose, and I
despise the man who surrenders his. I could say to you that you
do not serve the public good — that nobody’s good can be
achieved at the price of human sacrifices — that when you
violate the rights of one man, you have violated the rights of
all, and a public of rightless creatures is doomed to
destruction. I could say that you that you will and can achieve
nothing but universal devastation — as any looter must, when he
runs out of victims. I could say it, but I won’t. It is not
your particular policy that I challenge, but your moral premise.”
(Atlas 447)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“I am rich and proud of every penny I own. I made my money by my
own effort, in free exchange and through the voluntary consent of
every man I dealt with — the voluntary consent of those who
employed me when I started, the voluntary consent of those who
work for me now, the voluntary consent of those who buy my
product. I shall answer all the questions you are afraid to ask
me openly. Do I wish to pay my workers more than their services
are worth to me? I do not. Do I wish to sell my product for
less than my customers are willing to pay me? I do not. Do I
wish to sell it at a loss or give it away? I do not. If this is
evil, do whatever you please about me, according to whatever
standards you hold. These are mine. I am earning my own living,
as every honest man must. I refuse to accept as guilt the fact
of my own existence and the fact that I must work in order to
support it. I refuse to accept as guilt the fact that I am able
to do it and do it well. I refuse to accept as guilt the fact
that I am able to do it better than most people — the fact that
my work is of greater value than the work of my neighbours and
that more men are willing to pay me. I refuse to apologize for
my ability — I refuse to apologize for my success — I refuse to
apologize for my money.” (Atlas 446-7)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Did you ask me to name man’s motive power? Man’s motive power
is his moral code. Ask yourself where their code is leading you
and what it offers you as your final goal. A viler evil than to
murder a man, is to sell him suicide as an act of virtue. A
viler evil than to throw a man into a sacrificial furnace, is to
demand that he leap in, of his own will, and that he build the
furnace, besides. By their own statement, it is they who need
you and have nothing to offer you in return. By their own
statement, you must support them because they cannot survive
without you. Consider the obscenity of offering their impotence
and their need — their need of you — as a justification for
your torture. Are you willing to accept it? Do you care to
purchase — at the price of your great endurance, at the price of
you agony — the satisfaction of the needs of your own
destroyers?” (Atlas 423-4)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“All your life, you have heard yourself denounced; not for your
faults, but for your greatest virtues. You have been hated, not
for your mistakes, but for your achievements. You have been
scorned for all those qualities of character which are your
highest pride. You have been called selfish for the courage of
acting on your own judgement and bearing sole responsibility for
your own life. You have been called arrogant for your
independent mind. You have been called cruel for your unyielding
integrity. You have been called anti-social for the vision that
made you venture upon undiscovered roads. You have been called
ruthless for the strength and self-discipline of your drive to
your purpose. You have been called greedy for the magnificence
of your power to create wealth. You, who’ve expended an
inconceivable flow of energy, have been called a parasite. You,
who’ve created abundance where there had been nothing but
wastelands and helpless, starving men before you, have been
called a robber. You, who’ve kept them all alive, have been
called an exploiter. You, the purest and most moral man among
them, have been sneered at as a ‘vulgar materialist.’ Have you
stopped to ask them: by what right? — by what code? — by what
standard?” (Atlas 422-3)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Did you really think that we wanted those laws to be observed?
… We want them broken. You’d better get it straight that it’s
not a bunch of boy scouts you’re up against — then you’ll know
that this is not the age for beautiful gestures. We’re after
power and we mean it. You fellows were pikers, but we know the
real trick, and you’d better get wise to it. There’s no way to
rule innocent men. The only power any government has is the
power to crack down on criminals. Well, when there aren’t enough
criminals, one makes them. One declares so many things to be a
crime that it becomes impossible for men to live without breaking
laws. Who wants a nation of law-abiding citizens? What’s there
in that for anyone? But just pass the kind of laws that can
neither be observed nor enforced nor objectively interpreted —
and you create a nation of law-breakers — and then you case in
on guilt. Now that’s the system, that’s the game, and once you
understand it, you’ll be much easier to deal with.” (Atlas 406)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“That woman and all those like her keep evading the thoughts
which they know to be good. You keep pushing out of your mind
the thoughts which you believe to be evil. They do it, because
they want to avoid effort. You do it, because you won’t permit
yourself to consider anything that would spare you. They indulge
their emotions at any cost. You sacrifice your emotions as the
first cost of any problem. They are willing to bear nothing.
You are willing to bear anything. They keep evading
responsibility. You keep assuming it. But don’t you see that
the essential error is the same? Any refusal to recognize
reality, for any reason whatever, has disastrous consequences.
There are no evil thoughts except one: the refusal to think.
Don’t ignore your own desires. Don’t sacrifice them. Examine
their cause. There is a limit to how much you should have to
bear.” (Atlas 389)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Or did you say it’s the love of money that’s the root of all
evil? To love a thing is to know its nature. To love money is
to known and love the fact that money is the creation of the best
power within you, and your passkey to trade your effort for the
effort of the best among men. It’s the person who would sell his
soul for a nickel, who is loudest in proclaiming his hatred of
money — and he has good reason to hate it. The lovers of money
are willing to work for it. They know they are able to deserve
it.” (Atlas 384)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Money is your means of survival. The verdict you pronounce upon
the source of your livelihood is the verdict you pronounce upon
your life. If the source is corrupt, you have damned your own
existence. Did you get your money by fraud? By pandering to
men’s vices or men’s stupidity? By catering to fools, in the
hope of getting more than your ability deserves? By lowering
your standards? By doing work you despise for purchasers your
scorn? If so, then your money will not give you a moment’s or a
penny’s worth of joy. Then all the things you buy will become,
not a tribute to you, but a reproach; not an achievement, but a
reminder of shame. Then you’ll scream that money is evil. Evil,
because it would not pinch-hit for your self-respect? Evil,
because it would not let you enjoy your depravity? Is this the
root of your hatred of money?” (Atlas 384)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Only the man who does not need it, is fit to inherit wealth —
the man who would make his own fortune no matter where he
started. If an heir is equal to his money, it serves him; if
not, it destroys him. But you look on and you cry that money
corrupted him. Did it? Or did he corrupt his money? Do not
envy a worthless heir; his wealth is not yours and you would have
done no better with it. Do not think that it should have been
distributed among you; loading the world with fifty parasites
instead of one, would not bring back the dead virtue which was
the fortune. Money is a living power that dies without its root.
Money will not serve the mind that cannot match it. Is this the
reason why you call it evil?” (Atlas 384)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“But you say that money is made by the strong at the expense of
the weak? What strength do you mean? It is not the strength of
guns or muscles. Wealth is the product of man’s capacity to
think. Then is money made by the mad who invents a motor at the
expense of those who did not invent it? Is money made by the
intelligent at the expense of the fools? By the able at the
expense of the incompetent? By the ambitious at the expense of
the lazy? Money is made — before it can be looted or mooched —
made by the effort of every honest man, each to the extent of his
ability. An honest man is one who knows that he can’t consume
more than he has produced.” (Atlas 383)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“I think it’s funny. There was a time when men were afraid that
somebody would reveal some secret of theirs that was unknown to
their fellows. Nowadays, they’re afraid that somebody will name
what everybody knows. Have you practical people ever though that
that’s all it would take to blast your whole, big, complex
structure, with all your laws and guns — just somebody naming
the exact nature of what you’re doing?” (Atlas 379)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“No longer conscious of my movement, I discovered a new unity
with nature. I had found a new source of power and beauty, a
source I never dreamt existed.”
–Roger Bannister
——————————————
“What moves men of genius, or rather what inspires their work, is
not new ideas, but their obsession with the idea that what has
already been said is still not enough.”
–Eug穫e Delacroix
——————————————
“It’s a funny thing about life; if you refuse to accept anything
but the best, you very often get it.”
–W. Somerset Maugham
——————————————
“He who knows others is wise; he who knows himself is
enlightened.”
–Lao-tzu
——————————————
“Only when he no longer knows what he is doing does the painter
do good things.”
–Edgar Degas
——————————————
“The unconscious wants truth. It ceases to speak to those who
want something else more than truth.”
–Adrienne Rich
——————————————
“Truly, it is in the darkness that one finds the light, so when
we are in sorrow, then this light is nearest of all to us.”
–Meister Eckhart
——————————————
“Sell your cleverness and buy bewilderment.”
–Jalal ud-Din Rumi
——————————————
“When we are really honest with ourselves we must admit our lives
are all that really belong to us. So it is how we use our lives
that determines the kind of men we are.”
–Cesar Chavez
——————————————
“In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity.”
–Albert Einstein
——————————————
“Who was it that said he needed a fulcrum? Give me an
unobstructed right-of-way and I’ll show them how to move the
earth!” (Atlas 234)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“The men of the press, who despised their own profession, did not
know why they were enjoying it today. One of them, a young man
with years of notorious success behind him and a cynical look of
twice his age, said suddenly, ‘I know what I’d like to be: I
wish I could be a man who covers news!'” (Atlas 223)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“She looked at the crowd and she felt, simultaneously,
astonishment that they should stare at her, when this event was
so personally her own that no communication about it was
possible, and a sense of fitness that they should be here, that
they should want to see it, because the sight of an achievement
was the greatest gift a human being could offer to others.”
(Atlas 222)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“… there’s nothing of any importance in life — except how well
you do your work. Nothing. Only that. Whatever else you are,
will come from that. It’s the only measure of human value. All
the codes of ethics they’ll try to ram down your throat are just
so much paper money put out by swindlers to fleece people of
their virtues. The code of competence is the only system of
morality that’s on a gold standard.” (Atlas 98)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“[What for] was the first question he asked about any activity
proposed to him — and nothing would make him act, if he found no
valid answer. He flew through the days of his summer month like
a rocket, but if one stopped him in midflight, he could always
name the purpose of his every random moment. Two things were
impossible to him: to stand still or to move aimlessly.” (Atlas
92-3)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“Francisco could do anything he undertook, he could do it better
than anyone else, and he did it without effort. There was no
boasting in his manner and consciousness, no thought of
comparison. His attitude was not: ‘I can do it better than
you,’ but simply: ‘I can do it.’ What he meant by doing was
doing superlatively.” (Atlas 92)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“If that’s the price of getting together, then I’ll be damned if
I want to live on the same earth with any human beings! If the
rest of them can survive only be destroying us, then why should
we wish them to survive? Nothing can make self-immolation
proper. Nothing can give them the right to turn men into
sacrificial animals. Nothing can make it moral to destroy the
best. One can’t be punished for being good. One can’t be
penalized for ability. If that is right, then we’d better start
slaughtering one another, because there isn’t any right at all in
the world!” (Atlas 79)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“It was his Fourth Concerto, the last work he had written. The
crash of its opening chords swept the sights of the streets away
from her mind. The Concerto was a great cry of rebellion. It
was a ‘NO’ flung at some vast process of torture, a denial of
suffering, a denial that held the agony of the struggle to break
free. The sounds were like a voice saying: There is no
necessity for pain — why, then, is the worst pain reserved for
those who will not accept its necessity? — we who hold the love
and the secret of joy, to what punishment have we been sentenced
for it, and by whom? … The sounds of torture became defiance,
the statement of agony became a hymn to a distant vision for
whose sake anything was worth enduring, even this. It was the
song of rebellion — and of a desperate quest.” (Atlas 69)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“I don’t know. But I’ve watched them here for twenty years and
I’ve seen the change. They used to rush through here, and it was
wonderful to watch, it was the hurry of men who knew where they
were going and were eager to get there. Now they’re hurrying
because they are afraid. It’s not a purpose that drives them,
it’s fear. They’re not going anywhere, they’re escaping. And I
don’t think they know what it is that they want to escape. They
don’t look at one another. They jerk when brushed against. They
smile too much, but it’s an ugly kind of smiling: it’s not joy,
it’s pleading. I don’t know what it is that’s happening to the
world.” (Atlas 64)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“The adversary she found herself forced to fight was not worth
matching or beating; it was not a superior ability which she
would have found honour in challenging; it was ineptitude — a
grey spread of cotton that seemed soft and shapeless, that could
offer no resistance to anything or anybody, yet managed to be a
barrier in her way. She stood, disarmed, before the riddle of
what made this possible, she could find no answer.” (Atlas 55-6)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“What did they seek from him? What were they after? He had
never asked anything of them; it was they who wished to hold him,
they who pressed a claim on him — and the seemed to have the
form of affection, but it was a form which he found harder to
endure than any sort of hatred. He despised causeless affection,
just as he despised unearned wealth. They professed to love him
for some unknown reason and they ignored all the things for which
he could wish to be loved. He wondered what response they could
hope to obtain from him in such manner — if his response was
what they wanted. And it was, he though; else why those constant
complaints, those unceasing accusations about his indifference?
Why that chronic air of suspicion, as if they were waiting to be
hurt? He had never had a desire to hurt them, but he had always
felt their defensive, reproachful expectation; they seemed
wounded by anything he said, it was not a matter of his words or
actions, it was almost… almost as if they were wounded by the
mere fact of his being. Don’t start imagining the insane — he
told himself severely, struggling to face the riddle with the
strictest of his ruthless sense of justice. He could not condemn
them without understanding; and he could not understand.” (Atlas
42-3)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“You’re not sorry. You could’ve been here if you made the
effort. But when did you ever make an effort for anybody but
yourself? You’re not interested in any of us or in anything we
do. You think if you pay the bills, that’s enough, don’t you?
Money! That’s all you know. And all you give us is money. Have
you even given us any time?” (Atlas Shrugged 40)
–Ayn Rand
——————————————
“No trumpets sound when the important decisions of our life are
made. Destiny is made known silently.”
–Agnes de Mille
——————————————
“The world of reality has its limits; the world of imagination is
boundless.”
–Jean-Jacques Rousseau
——————————————
“To the rationally minded the mental processes of the intuitive
appear to work backwards.”
–Frances Wickes
——————————————
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word is what people fear
most.”
–Fyodor Dostoyevski
——————————————
“I’ve noticed that a lot of people consider ‘finding yourself’ to
be a really frivolous and unproductive study. I’m not sure why.
Everything important in life really seems to get down-played so
children can be encouraged to join the rat race and make as much
money as possible, instead of being told that they should be
happy first.”
–Sanjay Singh
——————————————
“The problem with keeping up with the Jones’ is that it creates a
world full of Jones’.”
–Julian Barton
——————————————
“… whether your name is Gehrig, or Ripken, DiMaggio, or
Robinson, or that of some youngster who picks up his bat or puts
on his glove, you are challenged by the game of baseball to do
your very best, day in and day out, and that’s all I’ve ever
tried to do.”
–Cal Ripken Jr.
——————————————
“Trust in yourself. Your perceptions are often far more accurate
than you are willing to believe.”
–Claudia Black
——————————————
“Shoot for the moon. Even if you miss it you will land among the
stars.”
–Les Brown
——————————————
“Living is a form of not being sure, not knowing what next or
how. The moment you know how, you begin to die a little. The
artist never entirely knows. We guess. We may be wrong, but we
take leap after leap in the dark.”
–Agnes de Mille
——————————————
“I feel drunk but I’m sober
I’m young and I’m underpaid
I’m tired but I’m working, yeah.
I care but I’m restless
I’m here but I’m really gone
I’m wrong and I’m sorry, baby.
What it all comes down to
Is that everything’s gonna be quite alright.”
–Alanis Morissette
——————————————
“So let me get this straight. You want to fly on a magic carpet
to see the King of the Potato People and plead with him for your
freedom, and you’re telling me you’re completely sane?”
–from Red Dwarf
——————————————
“Perfectionism is not a quest for the best. It is a pursuit of
the worst in ourselves, the part that tells us that nothing we do
will ever be good enough — that we should try harder.”
–Julia Cameron
——————————————
“When an actor is in the moment, he or she is engaged in
listening for the next right thing creatively. When a painter is
painting, he or she may begin with a plan, but that plan is soon
surrendered to the painting’s own plan. This is often expressed
as ‘The brush takes the next stroke.’ In dance, in composition,
in sculpture, the experience is the same: we are more the
conduit than the creator of what we express.”
–Julia Cameron
——————————————
“Happiness is based on a just discrimination of what is
necessary, what is neither necessary nor destructive, and what is
destructive. In the middle category, however — that of the
unnecessary but undestructive, that of comfort, luxury,
exuberance, etc.”
–Ursula K. LeGuin
——————————————
“They did not use swords, or keep slaves. They were not
barbarians. I do not know the rules and laws of their society,
but I suspect that they were singularly few. As they did without
monarchy and slavery, so they also got on without the stock
exchange, the advertisement, the secret police, and the bomb.
Yet I repeat that these were not simple folk, not dulcet
shepherds, noble savages, bland utopians. They were not less
complex than us. The trouble is that we have a bad habit,
encouraged by pedants and sophisticates, of considering happiness
as something rather stupid. Only pain is intellectual, only evil
interesting. This is the treason of the artist: a refusal to
admit the banality of evil and the terrible boredom of pain. If
you can’t lick ’em, join ’em. If it hurts, repeat it. But to
praise despair is to condemn delight, to embrace violence is to
lose hold of everything else. We have almost lost hold, we can
no longer describe a happy man, nor make any celebration of joy.
How can I tell you about the people of Omelas? They were not
naive and happy children — though their children were, in fact
happy. They were mature, intelligent, passionate adults whose
lives were not wretched.”
–Ursula K. LeGuin
——————————————
“Il a mis le caf�
Dans la tasse
Il a mis le lait
Dans la tasse de caf�
Il a mis le sucre
Dans le caf� au lait
Avec la petite cuiller
Il a tourn�
Il a bu le caf� au lait
Et il a repos� la tasse
Sans me parler.”
[He put the coffee in the cup. He put the milk in the cup of
coffee. He put the sugar in the white coffee, with the tea-
spoon, he stirred. He drank the white coffee and he put the cup
down. Without speaking to me.]
–Jacques PrWert
——————————————
“Leap, and the net will appear.”
–Julia Cameron
——————————————
“Always leave enough time in your life to do something that makes
you happy, satisfied, even joyous. That has more of an effect on
economic well-being than any other single factor.”
–Paul Hawken
——————————————
“Often people attempt to live their lives backwards: they try to
have more things, or more money, in order to do more of what they
want so that they will be happier. The way it actually works is
the reverse. You must first be who you really are, then, do what
you need to do, in order to have what you want.”
–Margaret Young
——————————————
“It is not because things are difficult that we do not dare; it
is because we do not dare that they are difficult.”
–Seneca
——————————————
“Eliminate something superfluous from your life. Break a habit.
Do something that makes you feel insecure.”
–Piero Ferrucci
——————————————
“Each painting has its own way of evolving… When the painting
is finished, the subject reveals itself.”
–William Baziotes
——————————————
“Take your life in your own hands and what happens? A terrible
thing: no one to blame.”
–Erica Jong
——————————————
“I have made my world and it is a much better world than I ever
saw outside.”
–Louise Nevelson
——————————————
“We will discover the nature of our particular genius when we
stop trying to conform to our own or to other people’s models,
learn to be ourselves, and allow our natural channel to open.”
–Shakti Gawain
——————————————
“A discovery is said to be an accident meeting a prepared mind.”
–Albert Szent-Gyorgyi
——————————————
“The universe will reward you for taking risks on its behalf.”
–Shakti Gawain
——————————————
“Learn to get in touch with the silence within yourself and know
that everything in this life has a purpose.”
–Elisabeth K|ler-Ross
——————————————
“All sanity depends on this: that it should be a delight to feel
heat strike the skin, a delight to stand upright, knowing the
bones are moving easily under the flesh.”
–Doris Lessing
——————————————
“Every blade of grass has its angel that bends over it and
whispers, ‘grow, grow.'”
–The Talmud
——————————————
“I am often mad, but I would hate to be nothing but mad: and I
think I would lose what little value I may have as a writer if I
were to refuse, as a matter of principle, to accept the warming
rays of the sun, and to report them, whenever, and if ever, they
happen to strike me.”
–E. B. White
——————————————
“I was always matching wits with authority. Pondering over my
past and present hassles, I began to wonder why my life had taken
the direction it had. What cosmic forces had led me to this
precise moment that saw me, once again, dancing on the rim of the
volcano? The answers started to come to me as my life flashed
before my eyes. I think it all started when I was arrested as a
pyromaniac.”
–Bill Lee
——————————————
“It’s no wonder that our priorities got screwed up. Just because
a person can throw a ball harder or hit it further than most
ordinary human beings, he is placed on a pedestal at an early
age. I don’t think there is anything wrong with admiring an
exceptionally skilled person, but the hero-worship we shower on
athletes goes beyond that. This is a part of the tribal
influence handed down by our ancestors. Man has always been
lionized for his physical prowess. An Indian brave did not have
to pass a math quiz in order to become a chief, he just had to
tear the ass of some bear. And the twelve labours of Hercules
did not include a Regents’ exam. Society has tended to find its
heroes in the most obvious arenas, and I don’t regard that as a
healthy thing. We should find our heroes in the bathroom mirror
each and every morning.”
–Bill Lee
——————————————
“Alcohol is like anything else. It’s only as bad as the person
it’s being poured into. If it’s used to heighten an occasion, or
to take an edge off stress, I don’t see a problem. Trouble
starts when you either lose control and let the bottle run you,
or when you believe its promises of immortality. You realize
that no matter how much you punish yourself, you always seem to
wake up the next day. Pretty soon you’re convinced that you will
never die. What that happens I guess it is time to look for help
before you life becomes one long, lost weekend.
–Bill Lee
——————————————
“During those moments on the pitching rubber, when you have every
pitch at your command working to its highest potential, you are
your own universe. For hours after the game, this sense of
completeness lingers. Then you sink back to what we humorously
refer to as reality. Your body aches and your muscles cry out.
You feel your mortality. That can be a difficult thing to
handle. I believe pitchers come in touch with death a lot sooner
than other players. We are more aware of the subtle changes
taking place in our body and are unable to overlook the tell-tale
hints that we are not going to last on this planet forever.
Every pitcher has to be a little bit in love with death. There’s
a subconscious fatalism there.”
–Bill Lee
——————————————
“I stopped watching the game and sat back to watch the fans. It
was like watching a Fassbinder film, depicting mankind at its
most berserk. The experience made me wonder if we’re not
breeding a society that lacks self-esteem. I don’t think we pat
people on the back enough, letting them know that being able to
fix a sink is just as much skill as being able to get Rod Carew
out with the bases loaded. And more worthwhile, if you were to
ask me. People must be made to feel their value. Otherwise,
when they discover they can’t find any thrills in religion or in
cults, they head out to the ballpark, seeking a vicarious sense
of fulfilment. They’re tired of long-term reality; they don’t
recognize what it has to offer them. All they want is one good
fantasy. Realizing that really shook me up.”
–Bill Lee
——————————————
“I don’t get upset over things I can control, because if I can
control them there’s no sense in getting upset. And I don’t get
upset over things I can’t control, because if I can’t control
them there’s no sense in getting upset.”
–Mickey Rivers
——————————————
“There’s a saying that no man is an island, which I completely
disagree with. I believe that a man should be self-sufficient.
What I propose is almost socialistic, almost communistic: Each
person should have his own plot of land and grow their food.
They should each have a civil service job and contribute equally.
If you don’t contribute then you don’t eat and you die. Don’t be
a burden on those people that are breaking their backs to work.”
–Peter Steele
——————————————
“Whether left or right, when views get that extreme then they
become warped and open to the sickness of the person holding
them.”
–Peter Steele
——————————————
“I know what you’re going to say! ‘They are men, and men should
be free.’ A free man is dangerous to himself and everyone else.
Freedom should be left to those who can put it to good use…”
–Dave Sim
——————————————
“You just gotta keep going on. Get up, and do your job. Go to
work, get through each day, one day at a time, like that. And
you hope that one day, you’ll get up and it’ll hurt a little
less. You just gotta just get through it. You just go on. It’s
that simple.”
–from Homicide: Life on the Street
——————————————
“All I want is to be back where things make sense. Where I won’t
have to be afraid all the time. Only one thing stops me. A
promise I made…”
–from The Shawshank Redemption
——————————————
“What do you really want to know? Am I sorry for what I did?
There’s not a day goes by I don’t feel regret. Not because I’m
in here, but because you think I should be. I look back on the
way I was. A young, stupid kid that committed that terrible
crime. I want to talk to him. I want to try to talk some sense
to him. Tell him the way things are. But I can’t. That kid’s
long gone, and this old man is all that’s left.”
–from The Shawshank Redemption
——————————————
“I’ve had some long nights in the stir. Alone in the dark, with
nothing but your thoughts, time can draw out like a blade. That
was the longest night of my life.”
–from The Shawshank Redemption
——————————————
“It floats around, it’s got to land on somebody. It was my turn,
that’s all. I was in the path of the tornado. I didn’t expect
the storm would last as long as it has.”
–from The Shawshank Redemption
——————————————
“Gone is the blinding glow in his hands — gone, too, is the
illusion of purity and beauty! In it’s place all that remains is
mind-numbing, spine-chilling reality!”
–Dave Sim
——————————————
“When I start the book, I’m The Writer. The writer bitches for a
week about how he never has any fun, he’s tired of being funny
all the time, and nobody cares about him anyhow. This is
followed by a period of deep intense silence, much staring at
walls, punctuated by cheery optimism on the order of: ‘That’s
it! I’m Dead! I can’t think of an ending!’ or ‘I’m just going
to have to scrap the first ten pages — they’re lousy.’ Often it
is less coherent than that — reduced to the more succinct,
‘Garbage! It’s all GARBAGE!'”
–Dave Sim
——————————————
“Life moves pretty fast, if you don’t stop and look around once
in a while, you could miss it.”
–from Ferris Bueller’s Day Off
——————————————
“I may not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the
death, your right to say it.”
–Voltaire
——————————————
“All the world’s a stage, and the men and women merely players.
They have their exits and their entrances, and one man in his
time plays many parts.”
–William Shakespeare
——————————————
“Forgive you enemies, but never forget their names.”
–John F. Kennedy
——————————————
“Only those who attempt the absurd can achieve the impossible.”
——————————————
“The truth is an anagram of an anagram.”
–Umberto Eco
——————————————
“Floating, falling, sweet intoxication
Touch me, trust me, savour each sensation.
Let the dream begin, let you darker side give in.”
–from The Phantom of the Opera
——————————————
“It may be that your sole purpose in life is simply to serve as a
warning to others.”
——————————————
“You know, I got a daughter, she lives in Michigan. When she was
six years old we took her to the circus, one minute she’s
laughing at the clowns, you know, getting out of the Volkswagon.
The next minute she’s telling me that her stomach hurts. Soon
she’s crying, then she’s screaming. We drove her right to the
emergency room, and she’s got a fever, it’s too high. The
doctors poke and prod, and still they can’t find anything wrong.
Now her vital signs weaken, and they put her on an IV and they
still can’t find anything wrong. Not anything. One day I walked
into her room, and the nurse was trying to put in a new IV and
she couldn’t find the spot. Her little veins were weak, and
[she] starts getting afraid of the needle, and she looked up at
me and said ‘Daddy, make it better.’ I can’t you how I felt,
when she looked up at me and said that, I couldn’t make it
better. There was nothing I could do. She was my daughter and I
was so powerless. I felt so powerless.”
–from Homicide: Life on the Street
——————————————
“Have you ever noticed, detective, that there are people in this
world who can tell stories, but they’re not the ones that write
them? People don’t grow wealthy or powerful through virtue or
intelligence or hard work, though those things do figure in.
They grow wealthy and powerful because they know how to take
what’s in front of them and shape it, and use it.”
–from Under Suspicion
——————————————
“Writing will be your companion through the darkest and brightest
days of your life — if that is what you want. It exposes pain
and guilt and the greatest joy. It is your own assessment of who
you are. You should write as much as you can and as much as you
want to. It will be something to turn to.”
–Sharda Tarachandra
——————————————
“You can never run away from a weakness. You must sometime fight
it or perish, and if that be so, why not now, and where you
stand?”
–Robert Louis Stevenson
——————————————
“At first he thought he felt bad because he was afraid of leading
an army, but it wasn’t true. He knew he’d make a good commander.
He felt himself wanting to cry. He hadn’t cried since the first
few days of homesickness after he got here. He tried to put a
name on the feeling that put a lump in his throat and made him
sob silently, however much he tried to hold it down. He bit down
on his hand to stop the feeling, to replace it with pain. It
didn’t help.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“Ender stepped under the water and rinsed himself, took the sweat
of combat and let it run down the drain. All gone, except they
recycled it and we’ll be drinking Bonzo’s blood water in the
morning. All the life gone out of it, but his blood just the
same, his blood and my sweat, washed down in their stupidity or
cruelty or whatever it was that made them let it happen.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“There was no doubt now in Ender’s mind. There was no help for
him. Whatever he faced, now and forever, no one would save him
from it. Peter might be scum, but he had been right, always
right; the power to cause pain is the only power that matters,
the power to kill and destroy, because if you can’t kill then you
are always subject to those who can, and nothing and no one will
ever save you.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“Whether he likes it or not, [he] cannot remain incognito
forever. He has outraged too many wise men and pleased too many
fools to hide behind his too-appropriate order to assume
leadership of the forces of stupidity he has marshalled, or his
enemies will unmask him in order to better understand the disease
that has produced such a warped and twisted mind.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“Well, I’m your man. I’m the bloody bastard you wanted when you
had me spawned. I’m your tool, and what difference does it make
if I hate the part of me that you most need? What difference
does it make that when the little serpents killed me in the game,
I agreed with them, and was glad.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“I’ll put it bluntly. Human beings are free except when humanity
needs them. Maybe humanity needs you. To do something. Maybe
humanity needs me — to find out what you’re good for. We might
both do despicable things, but if humankind survives, then we
were good tools.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“This is the essence of the transaction between storyteller and
audience. The ‘true’ story is not the one that exists in my
mind; it is certainly not the written words on the bound paper
that you hold in your hands. The story in my mind is nothing but
a hope; the text of the story is the tool I created in order to
try to make that hope a reality. The story itself, the true
story, is the one that the audience members create in their
minds, guided and shaped by my text, but then transformed,
elucidated, expanded, edited, and clarified by their own
experience, their own desires, their own hopes and fears.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“… All these readers have placed themselves inside this story,
not as spectators, but as participants, and so have looked at the
world, not with my eyes only, but also with their own.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“[It] was written and sold. I knew it was a strong story because
I cared about it and believed in it. I had no idea that it would
have the effect it had on the audience. While most people
ignored it, of course, and continue to live full and happy lives
without reading it or anything else by me, there was still a
surprisingly large group who responded to the story with some
fervency.”
–Orson Scott Card
——————————————
“I don’t pray anymore. I used to, I used to pray for answers. A
clue, a sign of what I should do. How to find something precious
in this life. There was a time when I thought it was my work, my
job, but is it? Nothing in this world changes because of what I
do. The hurt goes on and on. God has given up on us. He
doesn’t hear us anymore…”
–from Homicide: Life on the Street
——————————————
“Singers attract fans with aspects to their own personality.
People feel I’m passionate and obsessive. They know this isn’t a
profession for me, it’s a vocation. It’s not an egotistical
thing, but something else. I’m in a dialogue with my audience,
and that’s something I need.”
–Morrissey
——————————————
“Passivity is the culprit. Think of yourself as the victim, you
become the victim.”
–from Law & Order
——————————————
“When I was very young, I went to a grade school in New York City
called Saint Bart’s for Boys. We used to call it the fortress,
that’s because the outside of the building looked like a medieval
fort. But in fact, it was an oasis, right in the middle of my
neighbourhood. The brothers and sisters were very strict, you
know, my butt caught the bamboo more than a few times. But I
didn’t hate it. I didn’t hate it. Those rules made me feel
important, they made me feel worth protecting. I felt safe. And
then I went to a Jesuit high school, Saint Ignatius. The Jesuits
taught me how to think, I haven’t felt safe since.”
–from Homicide: Life on the Street
——————————————
“I don’t want to hope anymore, I almost died from this in the
first place, and I don’t want to get that down again.”
–Lisa Neve
——————————————
“And we laughed, at the world.
They can have their diamonds,
And we’ll have our pearls.”
–Jill Sobule
——————————————
“In an insane world, it was the sanest choice.”
–from Terminator 2
——————————————
“It was a truly discomforting state. The world seemed distant,
as though he were looking at it through smoky glass. Sounds were
eerily muted, even those of the traffic outside and a cat in the
alley under his window. His sense of touch was obscured as well,
as if he were wearing oven mitts. He had difficulty remembering
anything clearly. It was a little bit like being really, really
drunk, with the room spinning around and a feeling like had
stepped away from the world. Except that the dimness made it
feel as if the world were trying to pull away from him.
Everything but death and loss seemed uncertain. Death and loss
were the only constants in his life.”
–Don Bassingthwaite
——————————————
“There was too much noise. Sirens from police cars and
ambulances. Shouts from the crowd on the street eighteen floors
below. Traffic from other streets and all of the noises of San
Francisco. Mostly, though, there were the voices. Whispering to
him. Reminding him of the dark things he had done — all of the
little things he had forgotten, all of the big things he had
tried to forget. Mostly they reminded him of his biggest secret,
a betrayal of trust and friendship long ago. He squeezed his
eyes shut as if that could somehow keep the voices away.”
–Don Bassingthwaite
——————————————
“For the past weeks I’d been reacting. That was no way to win.
To win, you take the initiative. You instigate the action. You
make the opponent react to you.”
–Richard Marcinko
——————————————
“When you fight, you don’t fight for abstract values like the
flag, or the nation, or democracy. You fight for your buddy.
You fight to keep him alive, and he fights to keep you alive, and
you go on that way, day after day, battle after battle. And when
one of your buddies dies, something inside you dies as well. But
you go on. You fight, so that his death isn’t meaningless, his
sacrifice isn’t for nothing.”
–Richard Marcinko
——————————————
“Your politics are your’s. You’ve never thrown in. The minute
you do that, their doctrines become your’s. You can be held
responsible.”
–from The X-Files
——————————————
“I just want to be happy, and I’m so afraid that I never will
be.”
–from E.R.
——————————————
“Not everything that is faced can be changed; but nothing can be
changed until it is faced.”
–James Baldwin
——————————————
“Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful citizens can change
the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”
–Margaret Mead
——————————————
“You must be the change you wish to see in the world.”
–Mohandas Gandhi
——————————————
“Science is a body of truths which offers clear and certain
knowledge about the real world and is therefore superior to
tradition, philosophy, religion, dogma, and superstition which
offer shadowy knowledge about an ideal world.”
–Donald DeMarco
——————————————
“You ruined my life. I lost my wife, my kid, my work. I lost
everything all because of a little bad luck. You gotta pay for
that man, you gotta pay. Otherwise there’s no justice in this
world, otherwise it’s all meaningless. You can’t just do
something, and then pretend you didn’t, that it didn’t happen,
that somehow you weren’t involved. You were, you did. It’s your
fault. And now you gotta die for it.”
–from Homicide: Life on the Street
——————————————
“He had regrets, of course, but not so many that he would lose
any sleep over them. Life surprised him now and then and he
didn’t much care for surprises, unless he was passing them out.
But — what was to be done? You had to deal with the reality, he
had learned that over the years, no matter how much you didn’t
like it.”
–Steve Perry
——————————————
“Did that myth at the heart of all the fairy tales her mother had
told her, that part about happily ever after, ever really work
out that way? How many children around the galaxy had been given
that pretty picture, had swallowed it entire, only to grow up and
find that reality was not so simple, not so beautiful, not so
easy? The story didn’t end when the brave princess killed the
wicked queen and rescued the prince. That, she was learning, was
the easy part. The hard part came when the guns were cleaned and
reholstered, the bodies of the villains cremated, and the day-to-
day business of life reared its ugly cobra’s head and grinned
down at you. When your prince had doubts you couldn’t answer for
him, when you had doubts he could only shrug at, that, that was
the hard part. That was the part the stories hadn’t addressed.”
–Steve Perry
——————————————
“You know what it is that makes a leader? Sacrifice. Sacrifice
yourself and men will follow you anywhere.”
–from Back in Action
——————————————
“You know, everyday I get out of bed and drag myself to the next
cup of coffee. I take a sip and the caffeine kicks in. I can
focus my eyes again. My brain starts to order the day. I’m up,
I’m alive. I’m ready to rock. But the time is coming when I
wake up and decide that I’m not getting out of bed. Not for
coffee, or food, or sex. If it comes to me, fine. If it won’t,
fine. No more expectations. The longer I live the less I know.
I should know more, I should know the coffee’s killing me.
You’re suspicious of your suspicions? I’m jealous. I’m so
jealous. You still have the heart to have doubts. Me? I’m
going to lock up a 14 year old kid for what could be the rest of
his natural life. I got to do this. This is my job. This is
the deal. This is the law. This is my day. I have no doubts or
suspicions about it. Heart has nothing to do with it anymore.
It’s all in the coffee.”
–from Homicide: Life on the Street
——————————————
“Why did you make it so hard for me? I’d rather empty the ocean
with a sieve. I do it for you. Or count the grains of sand on
every beach. All for you. There are so many people, so many
countries. But I have time. All the time in the world.
Eternity.”
–Grant Morrison
——————————————
“And when it’s all done, when there’s no one left you’ll come
back for me. And tell me who I am and why I have to do what I
do. And explain ‘Eternity.’ You’ll come back.”
–Grant Morrison
——————————————
“Why am I in Hell? It hurts. It hurts all the time. Why am I
in Hell? I just want to go home and lie on the bed the way I
used to. Please take me home.”
–Grant Morrison
——————————————
“Paintings may not have nearly the power to convert people that
the printed or spoken word has, but each man has his part to play
in the human and divine drama — some persons just a few lines,
others whole pages. To refuse to play one’s role at all is not
the answer. It is better to light one candle than to curse the
darkness.”
–William Kurelek
——————————————
“Days of my life I’d like to forget: The day the doctors told me
I was sick. The day I had to tell my friends I was ill. The day
my hair fell out. The first day after my surgery. They’re also
the days I’ll always remember.”
–Kate Sawford
——————————————
“Do not look for rest in any pleasure, because you were not
created for pleasure: you were created for Joy. And if you do
not know the difference between pleasure and joy you have not yet
begun to live.”
–Thomas Merton
——————————————
“More than any other time in history, humanity faces a
crossroads. One path leads to despair and utter hopelessness.
The other, to total extinction. Let us pray we have the wisdom
to choose correctly.”
–Woody Allen
——————————————
“Opera once was an important social instrument — especially in
Italy. With Rossini and Verdi people were listening to opera
together and having the same catharsis with the same story, the
same moral dilemmas. They were holding hands in the darkness.
That has gone. Now perhaps they are holding hands watching
television.”
–Luciano Berio
——————————————
“People are brave enough to spit into an open wound, the problem
is that they’re so afraid, that they’ll only do it after the
beast is dead.”
–Sanjay Singh
——————————————
“Keep staring at the stars and someday they will collapse.”
–James J. Montgomery
——————————————
“Soaks my skin — through to the bone
Pain is nothing that a downpour won’t erase
Rain — you can’t hold on to it
A treasure you cannot frame
Rain — somehow I’m drawn to it
I feel engaged, one and the same
When heaven’s dressing beads off my face
The pain is nothing that a downpour won’t erase.”
–Delerium
——————————————
“I was born to fight your brand of order!”
–from The Adventures of Batman & Robin
——————————————
“You actually care about those creatures, you’re just as crazy as
they are.”
–from The Adventures of Batman & Robin
——————————————
“I’ve seen how you treat your prisoners. Forgotten and scared
without hope or compassion.”
–from The Adventures of Batman & Robin
——————————————
“The morning sun rises to greet him, and in its low, warm light
he stands like some sort of pagan god, or deposed tyrant, staring
out over the city he’s sworn to… stare out over. And it’s
evident, just by looking at him that he’s got some pretty heavy
things on his mind.”
–from The Tick
——————————————
“We cannot go ahead without leaving something behind.”
–Lemuel K. Washburn
——————————————
“It is harder to live when those we love are dead.”
–Lemuel K. Washburn
——————————————
“There is no sadder grief than that which lies at the bottom of a
life that has been wrecked through deception.”
–Lemuel K. Washburn
——————————————
“Have a good time, make life cheerful and bright, dance if you
want to, sing if you can, play as long as you live and leave the
world with a smile.”
–Lemuel K. Washburn
——————————————
“To correct in ourselves what we condemn in others would remove
most of the evils of life.”
–Lemuel K. Washburn
——————————————
“History shows that there is nothing so easy to enslave and
nothing so hard to emancipate as ignorance, hence it becomes the
double enemy of civilization. By its servility it is the prey of
tyranny, and by its credulity it is the foe of enlightenment.”
–Lemuel K. Washburn
——————————————
“The statue of liberty that will endure on this continent is not
the one made of granite or bronze, but the one made of love of
freedom.”
–Lemuel K. Washburn
——————————————
“I saw you with your envoy
A consenting adult
Technique in moderation
But vogue to the cult
Me I’ve got my strangers
To exile in the night
I guess I’m just addicted
To the pain of delight.”
–Melissa Etheridge
——————————————
“Go on and close your eyes, go on imagine me there
She’s got similar features with longer hair
And if that’s what it takes to get you through
Go on and close your eyes it shouldn’t bother you.”
–Melissa Etheridge
——————————————
“I was about to tell him he was wrong to dwell on it, because it
really didn’t matter. But he cut me off and urged me one last
time, drawing himself up to his full height and asking me if I
believed in God. I said no. He sat down indignantly. He said
it was impossible; all men believed in God, even those who turn
their backs on him. That was his belief, and if he were ever to
doubt it, his life would become meaningless. ‘Do you want my life
to be meaningless?’ he shouted. As far as I could see, it didn’t
have anything to do with me, and I told him so. But from across
the table he had already thrust the crucifix in my face was
screaming irrationally, ‘I am a Christian. I ask Him to forgive
you for sins. How can you not believe that He suffered for you?’
I was struck by how sincere he seemed, but I had had enough. It
was getting hotter and hotter. As always, whenever I want to get
rid of someone I’m not really listening to, I made it appear as
if I agreed. To my surprise, he acted triumphant. ‘You see, you
see!’ he said. ‘You do believe, don’t you, and you’re going to
place your trust in Him, aren’t you?’ Obviously, I again said
no. He fell back in his chair”
–Albert Camus
——————————————
“It’s very hard to let someone in when you’ve caused so much
pain. To risk the emotion.”
–from Forever Knight
——————————————
“Just one more time to touch you
Just one more time to tell you
You’re on my mind
Baby, why can’t I have you
You’re breaking my heart in two
You know what I’m going through
Oh baby, why can’t I have you?”
–The Cars
——————————————
“Who’s gonna tell you when it’s too late
Who’s gonna tell you things aren’t so great
You can’t go on, thinking nothing’s wrong
Who’s gonna drive you home, tonight?

Who’s gonna pick you up when you fall
Who’s gonna hang it up when you call
Who’s gonna pay attention to your dreams
Who’s gonna plug their ears, when you scream?”
–The Cars
——————————————
“You see with your eyes. This means you can be misled by charm,
by outward appearance. By webs of glamour, by surface pretences.
I do not see with my eyes. I see good and I see evil. Nothing
else.”
–Neil Gaiman
——————————————
“I do not permit affection, or lack thereof, to influence my
actions. There is good, and there is evil. The good must be
protected; the evil eradicated. I have shown you the triumph of
evil, as a caution.”
–Neil Gaiman
——————————————
“You wish to see the distant realms? Very well. But know this
first, the places you will visit, the places you will see, do not
exist. For there are only two worlds — your world, which is the
real world, and other worlds, the fantasy. Worlds like this one,
worlds of the human imagination. Their reality, or lack of
reality is not important. What is important is that they are
there. These worlds provide an alternative. Provide an escape.
Provide a threat. Provide a dream, and power, provide refuge and
pain. They give your world meaning. They do not exist; and thus
they are all that matters. Do you understand?”
–Neil Gaiman
——————————————
“There aren’t any good guys, and there aren’t any bad guys.
There’s just us. People. Doing our best to get by.”
–Neil Gaiman
——————————————
“People kill what they fear. They burned, and drowned, and
hanged those they saw as witches, the devil’s servants: the wise
women and the cunning men, the unfortunate, the lost and the
strange.”
–Neil Gaiman
——————————————
“The red flame flickers on the wall of the cave
(smeared with ochre, berry dye, charcoal)
Making the great elk move,
Making the mastodon breath,
Making the hunters race and kill.

Watch them seeking to placate and understand the world above
This they know.
This they understand.
There is darkness, everywhere, outside.

The dark is everywhere; and though the sun comes up,
And though the fires blossom and are tamed,
The darkness is there,
The darkness is waiting.

As the things in the darkness
That whisper before they feast,
They are to be placated and persuaded,
They are to be loved and sacrificed to,
They are to be prayed to and distrusted.

And so there is magic.”
–Neil Gaiman
——————————————
“Living is easy with eyes closed
Misunderstand all you see
It’s getting hard to be someone but it all works out
It doesn’t matter much to me.”
–The Beatles
——————————————
“Pain. I started cuttings on myself when I was quite young. The
backs of my arms. I did it with a knife. I didn’t learn it from
anyone. It was the way I knew I was alive and human. At the time
I hadn’t developed enough to understand why I was doing it.”
–Greta, body piercer
——————————————
“There were times in my life when I couldn’t feel anything any
more. Everything became too much. I felt numb all the time. I
couldn’t feel happy or sad.”
–Greta, body piercer
——————————————
“Girls ask to suck my blood. They aren’t too shy about asking
me. I can easily show you scars all over me where I’ve taken
razor blades and opened myself up and let them stick their
tongues into me.”
–Peter Steele
——————————————
“For a long time, I did not know who I was, I did not know what I
wanted. I was crushed by peer pressure, and I listened to a lot
of people because I was told by a lot of people around me that I
was a moron. And now I’ve realized that it’s not me that’s
fucked up. It is the rest of the world. I’m certainly not a
genius but I believe I’ve found myself.”
–Peter Steele
——————————————
“I think I’m a blue-collar worker from Brooklyn. This thing just
fell into my lap and it is an opportunity to escape urban blight.
I’m a social retard, and I have a hard time dealing with people.
I don’t like crowds, I don’t like noise, I don’t like people, I
don’t like being questioned. I just want to be left alone.”
–Peter Steele
——————————————
“Censorship is almost systematically the weapon of first resort
for governments in uncertain political situations. So not only
are the famous writers and bold journalists in danger; at every
level of public and private life, the freedoms to think, read or
write are denied.

In the absence of a free press, other human rights abuses
flourish unabated. Nothing is reported, criticized, questioned.
The example of imprisonment, torture or execution imposes a
further silence. A blindly obedient mob mentality is encouraged,
driven by extremist religious or ethnic loyalties. The citizens
do not know what is happening. Fear and ignorance permeate
discussion.”
–Marian Botsford Fraser
——————————————
“To start blindly with a statement is a sign of arrogance and
narrow-mindedness, and will lead to conflict. To start blindly
with a question is a sign of uncertainty and honesty, and will
lead to wisdom.”
–Scott “Jesus” Watson
——————————————
“You’ve seen [angst] (you know you have) late at night, in a
mirror. It has deep, hollow eyes — too exhausted to close —
and looks like someone you thought you knew.”
–Dirk John Fischer
——————————————
“Wake when others wake. Take what others take.
Feed when others feed. Need what others need.
Share what others share. Care when others care.
Feel what others feel. Is it real?

If you love what others love. You will never rise above.
You will stay where others stay. Play games they like to play.

And when they grow tired, you will fall asleep.
Because to follow is the nature of the sheep.”
–Luke Gasteiger
——————————————
“Education is an admirable thing, but it is well to remember from
time to time that nothing that is worth knowing can be taught.”
–Oscar Wilde
——————————————
“True education makes for inequality; the inequality of
individuality, the inequality of success, the glorious inequality
of talent, of genius; for inequality, not mediocrity, individual
superiority, not standardization, is the measure of the progress
of the world.”
–Felix E. Schelling
——————————————
“Spoon feeding in the long run teaches us nothing but the shape
of the spoon.”
–E. M. Forster
——————————————
“The paradox of education is precisely this — that as one begins
to become conscious one begins to examine the society in which he
is being educated.”
–James Baldwin
——————————————
“It is very nearly impossible… to become an educated person in
a country so distrustful of the independent mind.”
–James Baldwin
——————————————
“The real leader has no need to lead — he is content to point
the way.”
–Henry Miller
——————————————
“The art of leadership… consists in consolidating the attention
of the people against a single adversary and taking care that
nothing will split up that attention… The leader of genius must
have the ability to make different opponents appear as if they
belonged to one category.”
–Adolf Hitler
——————————————
“I read the news today oh boy
About a lucky man who made the grade
And though the news was rather sad
Well I just had to laugh
I saw the photograph.
He blew his mind out in a car
He didn’t notice that the lights had changed
A crowd of people stood and stared
They’d seen his face before
Nobody was really sure
If he was from the House of Lords.”
–The Beatles
——————————————
“Fear, it’s the oldest tool of power. If you’re distracted by
fear of those around you, it keeps you from seeing the actions of
those above.”
–from The X-Files
——————————————
“Reporters crowd around you house,
Going through you garbage like a pack of hounds
Speculating what they might find out,
It don’t matter now, you’re all washed up.

You wake up in the middle of the night
You sheets are wet and your face is white,
You tried to make a good thing last,
How could something so good, go bad, so fast.”
–Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young
——————————————
“There was thunder
There was lightning
Then the stars went out
And the moon fell from the sky…”
–Tom Waits
——————————————
“I’m just hoping that one day the sheep will realize that the
shepherd is really a wolf in disguise.”
–Sanjay Singh
——————————————
“Fifty or sixty shooters had already arrived and managed to look
studiously bored. I knew a few of them and nodded politely. No
one asked me to sit next to them, nor would I have accepted if
they had. It’s better that way, in case you end up on opposite
sides of a fight, and a whole lot safer. Friends can betray you.
Strangers can’t.”
–William C. Deitz
——————————————
“You thought you knew what pain was. You thought that whatever
happened, you could handle it. You thought that you were in
control. You thought wrong. Now you’ve lost it all. She’s
gone. All that’s left is the numbing pain. You have to let go
to stop the pain, but you can’t. It’s like a drug to you now.
You don’t want to need it, but it has become a part of you, and
it won’t loosen its grip on you. The control you once fought
for, is gone. You have no control. And you just don’t care.”
–Sanjay Singh
——————————————
“You’ve bought into the ‘system’ your whole life, and it got you
nowhere. You were at the top of your class in high school, you
were the darling of your sorority, and people still treated you
like your success was a way to prove their ‘system’ was right.
No more. You get by on your own… with the help of someone who
works for you now.”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“The world is his canvas, and he wants to take up sculpting.”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“You are inspired. Anything you say is brilliant, especially if
it contradicts what other people normally believe. Create!
Destroy! Live!”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“[He] does not belong; reality itself does not accept his surreal
visions. Why hold back? Why shouldn’t he reshape the world into
something that will accept him? He’s been shut out long enough.”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“Obviously, [she] should learn a little about reality. True love
does not conquer all. How foolish she is to believe in ‘young
love.’ Stories like that always end in tears. Her romance
certainly did. Seeing young lovers most [her], because it
reminds her of her own pain — the pain her Psyche and her need
for blissful passion gave her.”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“The true artist must be open to anything! Expand your mind,
man; stretch it like a big red balloon! You think that’s crazy!
Look at all the unhappy people, look at all the conformity, and
I’ll tell you what’s really crazy. Whee! Ants!”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“One must follow what interests one, yes? Life is an exploration
of the mind, an exploration of reality. Care for some brie?”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“They found the dog in several pieces in the trash can, occult
symbols carved into its fur and something horrible in its mouth.
They found the old man hanging from the ceiling in his study, the
plastic on the floor was arranged so that none of the blood
stained the lily white carpet. They discovered the child hunched
down in a closet covered in her own waste, the tears dried away,
the hollow eyes looking out at nothing.

They say not to go into the Fifth Street alley at night — it’s
just not safe. They say that the library is haunted — that
sometimes you can feel the crinkle of plastic under your feet.
But you don’t care what they say, ’cause you know she’s in your
closet — when you close your eyes to sleep you can still hear
her muffled screams and the little hands beating at the door…”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“This thing is a man. Look at what you are, and what awaits you.
Gaze on this image and learn what your own end will be.”
–Greek epitaph
——————————————
“Learn the true topography; the monstrous and wonderful
archetypes are not inside you, not inside your consciousness; you
are inside them, trapped and howling to get out.”
–R. A. Lafferty
——————————————
“I see the witching moon moving in swift arc, yet not driving
with her full face shining night long like torchlight luring in a
graveyard. She glows as when magicians spells torment her reins
taught. She holds course, hogging the horizon moon. Now your
fire has hues of deathly pallor. Pour waves of grim light on the
winds to frighten mankind.

On grass red with bloodstains, I offer your beasts ritually
butchered for you a fire torch snatched from a cremation burns in
the night; for you I arch and toss back my head. I sing, I loose
my hair, then bind it with sacred headband, and they do at
funerals. For you I grip this bough shrivelled with deaths dew.
For you I bare my breast, slice into my arms with holy knife,
shed my sanity and blood forever.”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“Death is but a stepping over, a passage through the Shroud. The
moment of death is a rite of passage marking the end of one
journey and the beginning of another, a path available to us at
any time.

The thousands of things undone, the millions of roads not
travelled, the longings and regrets; they do not die with the
body. Instead they linger on and take a life of their own. They
become ghosts. They become shadows.

Trapped between this world and the next, wraiths are lost in the
immortal gloom of damnation. Held together out of pure misery,
they are trapped by their past, their longings and their fear.
Many are the products of sudden, violent or cruel deaths. They
are bound by a sense of crucial deeds undone, of unsaid words
breaking in their hearts, of a life cut short by Fate. Others
are consumed by a tragic longing for happiness and fulfilment
denied them in life. A few are driven by bitterness, anger or
passionate ideals.”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“I can’t feel you anymore
I can’t even touch the books you’ve read
I followed you beneath the stars
Hounded by your memory
And all your raging glory
But now I’m finally free
I kiss good-bye the howling beast
That separated you from me
You’ll never know the hurt I suffered
Nor the pain I rise above
And I’ll never know the same about you,
But soon we’ll be together
In the clasp of oblivion.”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“The conquest of the fear of death is the recovery of life’s joy.
One can experience an unconditional affirmation of life only when
one has accepted death, not as contrary to life, but as an aspect
of life. Life in its becoming is always shedding death, and on
the point of death. The conquest of fear yields the courage of
life. That is the cardinal initiation of every heroic adventure
— fearlessness and achievement.”
–Joseph Campbell
——————————————
“With each passing day oblivion encroaches further. With every
soul that surrenders to shadow, the end draws nearer. The world
is not as we knew it, decay’s sweet stench now clings to all we
once held dear. It is called the Shadowlands. In death there is
nowhere to hide, nowhere to run, from the hate and fear, the pain
and bitterness, the shadow within. Hope is fragile and few have
the courage, the passion, to face death, and say, ‘I do not go
gentle into that good night.'”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“Like you, I am broken and fragile
Like you, I am tasting my heart for the first time
Like you, I am feeding on slumber
Like you, I’ve left my eyes far behind me
Down for the count and still drowning…”
–Christian Death
——————————————
“You may never understand
How the stranger is inspired
For he is always evil,
And he is not always wrong…”
–Billy Joel
——————————————
“Come with me on wings of dream. I can take you anywhere you
want to go — would you like to have dinner with [her]? Sip
cappuccino on the canals of Mars? Walk with me though the
Elysian Fields? I promise to have you back before you wake.”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“All around you reverberate the songs of the dead. You hear them
echoing in high cathedrals, in darkened auditoriums, in your own
sleep. All around you wail the songs of the dead: dare you not
listen? Listen to what has been sung. Since their death!”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“‘Do you trust me?’ I asked her. I held out my hand. ‘Do you
want to see beyond the darkness?’ She nodded slowly, and took my
hand…”
–from Wraith: The Oblivion
——————————————
“Swift as light and as cheers was the idea that broke in upon me.
‘I have found it! What terrified me will terrify others; I need
only describe the spectre which had haunted my midnight pillow.'”
–Mary Shelly
——————————————
“I act the role in classic style of a martyr
Carved with a twisted smile,
To bleed the lyric for this song
To write the rites to right my wrongs
An epitaph to a broken dream
To exorcise tis silent scream
A scream that’s borne from sorrow.”
–Marillion
——————————————
“Oh children don’t you weep and moan
Children save your breath
You’ll draw a pretty pension
When your daddy meets his death.”
–“Hard Times” (traditional ballad)
——————————————
“It was the best of times and the worst of times, and it was all
of them at once.”
–Alan Moore
——————————————
“Death followed by eternity… the worst of both worlds. It is a
terrible thought.”
–from Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead
——————————————
“There were the days when you peered into your self, into the
secret places of your heard, and what you saw there made you fair
with horror. And then, next day, you didn’t know what to make of
it, you couldn’t interpret the horror you had glimpsed the day
before. Yes, you know what evil costs.”
–Jean-Paul Sartre
——————————————
“The darkness always teemed with unexplained sound — and yet he
sometimes shook with fear lest the noises he heard subside and
allow him to hear certain other fainter noises which he suspected
were lurking behind them.”
–H.P. Lovecraft
——————————————
“Darkness, darkness
Be my blanket
Cover me with the endless night
Take away the pain of knowing.”
–The Youngbloods
——————————————
“The night is my companion, and solitude my guide.”
–Sarah McLaughlin
——————————————
“He who pretends to look upon death without fear, lies.”
–Jean-Jacques Rousseau
——————————————
“Someone stole my heart. I haven’t gotten it back, because I
haven’t found anyone to steal it back for me.”
–Scott “Jesus” Watson
——————————————
“Justice to the left of you
Justice to the right
Speak when you are spoken to
Don’t pretend you’re right
This life’s not for living
It’s for fighting and for wars
No matter what the truth is
Hold on to what is yours.”
–Yes
——————————————
“Sometimes you want to run away
Sometimes you think you do
But you never had a dream like this before
And you don’t want to ask for more
Sometimes you leave a mark
Before you know the score.”
–Ric Ocasek
——————————————
“The great challenge of adulthood is holding on to your idealism
after you lose your innocence.”
–Bruce Springsteen
——————————————
“A life is not important, except in the impact it has on other
lives.”
–Jackie Robinson
——————————————
“I see your face in every flame
With no answers I have only myself to blame
Of all the women I have known — they’re not you
I’d rather be alone.”
–Type O Negative
——————————————
“I always thought we’d be together
And that our love could not be better
Well with no warning you were gone
I still don’t know what went wrong
You don’t know what I’ve been through
Just want to put my love in you.”
–Type O Negative
——————————————
“So you’ve come to say you’re very sorry
‘It won’t happen again — forgive me?’
Time will not heal these wounds
And I’m bleeding because of you.

Was everything we had just a joke?
I’ve run out of patience, tears, and hope
Love does not conquer all
And I’m screaming because of you.

In the shadow of the light from a black sun
Frigid statue standing icy blue and numb
Where are the frost giants I’ve begged for protection?
I’m freezing.”
–Type O Negative
——————————————
“A crimson pool so warm and deep
Lulls me to an endless sleep
You hand in mine — I will be brave
Take me from this earth
An endless night — this, the end of life
From the dark I feel your lips
And I taste your bloody kiss.”
–Type O Negative
——————————————
“Not long ago but far away
A rainy winter’s day
All her pain she kept inside
Could no longer hide
No cry for help
She killed herself
Both life and love could not be saved
She took them both to the grave.”
–Type O Negative
——————————————
“See the smile awaitin’ in the kitchen
Food cookin’ and the plates for two
Feel the arms that reach out to hold me
In the evening when the day is through.”
–Seals & Crofts
——————————————
“See the curtains hangin’ in the window
In the evening on a Friday night
A little light-a-shinin’ through the window
Let’s me know everything’s all right.”
–Seals & Crofts
——————————————
“It’s not that I don’t have a conscience, it’s just that why
should I feel guilty for my present crimes, when my past ones are
so much worse?”
–Sanjay Singh
——————————————
“The Humanist lives as if this world were all and enough. He is
not otherworldly. He holds that the time spent on the
contemplation of a possible afterlife is time wasted. He fears
no hell and seeks no heaven, save that which he and others
created on earth. He willingly accepts the world that exists on
this side of the grave as the place for moral struggle and
creative living. He seeks the life abundant for his neighbour as
for himself. He is content to live one world at a time and let
the next life — if such there may be — take care of itself. He
need not deny immortality; he simply is not interested. His
interests are here.”
–Edwin H. Wilson
——————————————
“Gentleness and cheerfulness, these come before all morality:
they are the perfect duties. If your morals make you dreary,
depend on it they are wrong. I do not say, ‘give them up,’ for
they may be all you have; but conceal them like a vice, lest they
should spoil the lives of better men.”
–Robert Louis Stevenson
——————————————
“Reality is that which, when you stop believing in it, does

I Survived The World Series Earthquake Of 1989!

I SURVIVED THE WORLD SERIES EARTHQUAKE OF ’89

Yeah yeah the earth moved for me too.
Just another one of those things that God yes God
Hath willed into motion to flip us right spang out.

Not that that’s the point.

We talk about it.
Closure?
As if terror were a problem to be solved,
As if an equation could describe a process,
With a neon equals sign somewhere near the middle to grab
Like the hanging bar on a bus
To steady us against all this flux and hoo-hah? A safe idea?

Fat chance.

There was death but mostly it was televised,
Not co-workers and best friends.
It was only The Pretty Big One,
Maybe we needed to be told.
Like we didn’t already know that the earth doesn’t love us.
We love it.
Love it like some stupid junior-high-school-kid romance,
Look back and cringe:

After pining, whining, and subterfuge,
The object of desire is in our bed and uh-oh, now what?
Hand jobs and finger-fucking.
And now maybe abuse it.
That would be fun.

When things get spooky, kids, you can always leave.

You get older
And you don’t worry so much, believe me.
You know how to make resolutions.
You get so most of your wounds are paper cuts and stiff necks.
Nothing a band-aid or a back rub won’t cure.

Or a really enormous amount of money.

Then this.
Something big unstoppable random.
Positive self-image or no
You are not a Problem-Solver on this level.

But your choices are still endless.
You can loot the ComputerLand
Or you can patrol the street with a flashlight.
You can love your life or take it.

I learned to hug people harder.
It isn’t much, but it doesn’t have to be.
I couldn’t explain that to my friends on the east coast
Who called in a panic then carped, as in a single voice:
Yeah, right, Go West Young Shit-For-Brains.
Oh well.
They have hurricanes.

Slow fade and lapse back into band-aids and back rubs.
No need to live out there forever.
The Niners just won the Super Bowl and the damage is
Oh yeah the Embarcadero Freeway is still closed
Mostly an inconvenience.
You take the long way ’round enough you forget there was a shortcut.

And then
A restaurant you always liked, in Chinatown, on Kearney
Henry Chung’s Hunan with the dancing chili peppers on the sign
You won’t believe the onion cakes!
Closed? You gotta be kidding!–due to structural damage.
A little magic-marker map in the window
To Henry’s bigger, colder place on Sansome
Remember?
With the tacky-chic neon wall installation that spells out:
þÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍþNo MSGþÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍþ

I walk there with my sister
And she’s depressed.
That little hole in the wall, she’s eaten there
Every time she’s been to San Francisco.

I want to immerse myself in Tsing Tao and onion cakes
But she makes me tell the stories.

How the light caught the windows as they fell
From the Kaiser Building in Oakland.
How in Hunter’s Point–famous for crack and drive-by shootings
(Yo Crips! Yo Bloods!)
–I laughed
When the windows rattled with the first aftershock.
How the yuppies downtown walked around dazed,
Many with drinks in their hands,
And all the men, their ties at half-mast.

Some of the stories aren’t even mine
But I tell them anyway
She needs to know
Needs to taste it
And I need these scallions, this sesame batter,
This perfect grease.

David Fox

X-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-X
Another file downloaded from: The NIRVANAnet(tm) Seven

& the Temple of the Screaming Electron Taipan Enigma 510/935-5845
Burn This Flag Zardoz 408/363-9766
realitycheck Poindexter Fortran 510/527-1662
Lies Unlimited Mick Freen 801/278-2699
The New Dork Sublime Biffnix 415/864-DORK
The Shrine Rif Raf 206/794-6674
Planet Mirth Simon Jester 510/786-6560

“Raw Data for Raw Nerves”
X-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-X

How I Got Out Of It

They look angry. What will you do?>

Toss the bottle of stuff high into the air, folloed by the
beads, and run. If you’re an olympic swimmer, possible swim to
the other island.

QALAM: A Convention For Morphological Arabic-Latic-Arabic Transliteration

==============================================================================
Qalam: A Convention for Morphological
Arabic-Latin-Arabic Transliteration

Abdelsalam Heddaya (heddaya@cs.bu.edu)

with contributions from

Walid Hamdy (hamdy@lids.mit.edu)
M. Hashem Sherif (mhs@homxa.att.com)

Created: 1985.11
Modified: 1986-1989 often
Modified: 1990.01
Modified: 1990.12.21
Modified: 1990.12.31; accepted LAiLA upper case convention,
added punctuation, ,
and
Modified: 1991.01.23; added a couple of sentences.
Modified: 1991.01.31; decided for
Modified: 1991.08.22; cleaned up acknowledgements
Modified: 1992.01.13; changed back to

DRAFT—DRAFT—DRAFT

0. Introduction
—————

Qalam is an Arabic-Latin-Arabic transliteration system between the
Arabic script and the Latin script embodied in the ASCII (American
Standard Code for Information Interchange) character set. The goal of
the Qalam system is to transliterate Arabic script for computer
communication by those literate in the language. The main
consideration in the design of Qalam is suitability for
transliteration, as well as reverse transliteration, both manually by
humans and automatically by computers. Qalam also includes several
Arabic script letters used to transliterate other languages *into*
Arabic script. Finally, Qalam aims to serve all Arabic script
languages, such as Farsi, Urdu, and Ottoman.

Qalam is a morphological system in the sense that Arabic script
words are transliterated based on spelling and diacritics (the marks
that represent vowels in Arabic), rather than on phonetics. This
makes it easy to deduce the Arabic script word from its
transliteration (i.e., to transliterate the word back into Arabic
script). The pronounciation of words, however, can still be deduced
from the transliteration, because the (optional) inclusion of
diacritic marks makes the transliterated word more pronouncable.

We describe Qalam’s mapping between Arabic letters and diacritics
to ASCII characters. Each Arabic letter or diacritic maps into (and
back from) one or two ASCII characters. The choice is made in order
to approximate, as much as possible, the Arabic pronounciation, while
maintaining the one-to-one morphological correspondence needed for
unambiguousness of reverse transliteration into Arabic script.

Arabic script letters that do not correspond to Latin sounds are
represented with upper case letters or with two character sequences.
Thus, Qalam uses upper-case ASCII characters to denote Arabic letters
that are different from those denoted by the corresponding lower-case
characters. This convention deviates from the common practice of
inserting a dot beneath the letter or a dash above it.

We give below the list of transliterations for Arabic letters and
diacritics, followed by an example and a description of the rules of
transliteration.

1. Character Mappings:
———————-
1.1. Letters:
————-

hamza ‘
‘alef aa zayn z qaaf q
baa’ b syn s kaaf k
taa’ t shyn sh laam l
thaa’ th Saad S mym m
jym j Daad D nuwn n
Haa’ H Taa’ T haa’ h
khaa’ kh Zaa’ Z waaw w
daal d `ayn ` yaa’ y
dhaal dh ghayn gh
raa’ r faa’ f

taa’ marbuwTah t or h
haa’ marbuwTah h

‘alef maqSuwrah ae
hamzat alwaSl e

1.2. Transliteration Letters:
—————————–

These are characters used in the Arabic script to represent or
transliterate letters from other languages such as
English, French, German, etc.

Egyptian sound g (= Arabic script with bar
or dots, pronounced
or )
English “v” sound v (= Arabic script with
three dots)
English “p” sound p (= Arabic script with
three dots)

1.3. Diacritics :
————————–

fatHah a
kasrah i
Dammah u
shaddah double previous letter
maddah ~aa
sukuwn –
tanwyn N

1.4. Punctuation:
—————-

question mark ?
double quotes <>
single quotes
,

2. Examples:
———–

The Qalam transliteration of the first in the ,
called goes as follows:

bismi ellaahi elraHmaani elraHym

‘alHamdu lillaahi rabbi el`aalamyn *
alraHmaani elraHym *
maaliki yawmi eldyn *
‘iyaaka na`budu wa’iyaaka nasta`yn *
‘ihdinaa elSiraaTa elmustaqym *
SiraaTa alladhyna ‘an`amta `alayhim *
ghayri elmaghDuwbi `alayhim *
walaa alDaalyn *

3. Qalam Rules and Conventions:
——————————-

Transliterate a word by following its Arabic script spelling letter by
letter, as well as any available diacritics (i.e., or
), and substituting the specified Latin script. The only
frequent exception is the in the definite article (i.e.,
), which is better to write as if it is a ,
or (, or ) as the case may be.

Diacritics are optional unless they are necessary to disambiguate
the original Arabic script spelling. For example, the verb
may be written , because the ambiguity does not affect the
original Arabic script spelling. On the other hand,

may stand
for a as in the word or for a followed by a
as in , in which case the between the and
the is necessary.

The with a transliterates to if the
is above, and to if it is below. That is, it is treated as if it
is simply a with a or .

The definite article (equivalent to “the” in English) should
not be separated from the rest of the word by a hyphen; e.g.
, meaning “the sun.” Write the even if it is
silent–. This is a case where literal transliteration is
given precedence over phonetic transliteration to make reverse
transliteration easy.

Observe word boundaries in the original Arabic, e.g.
is wrong, but is right.

Arabic has no capitalization, and hence Arabic script
transliterated by Qalam uses capitals to stand for letters that are
different from those denoted by the corresponding lower case character.

As a convention, we quote transliterated Arabic script text
embedded in another script with Arabic script quotation marks and vice
versa.

4. Technical Discussion:
————————

We would like to argue that Qalam is a superior code for communicating
Arabic script text over data networks between heterogeneous computers.
Qalam possesses the characteristics required of a good communication
code: unambiguity, compactness, and simplicity of coding/decoding.

(((Compatibility, Human readability, Code efficiency. Existing
codes.)))

Qalam’s goals include supporting automatic transliteration by
computers, as well as manual transliteration for typing in Arabic
script using Latin script available on ASCII terminals. This permits
computers that support the Arabic script directly to hide the
transliterated text from the user. Thus, a personal computer user,
for example, should be able to type in Arabic script a message, and
have the machine transliterate it for submission to
soc.culture.lebanon. Conversely, when this user receives an Arabic
script message from soc.culture.lebanon, the computer would transliterate it
back into Arabic script for display. The above scenario should hold
equally true for text that mixes Latin and Arabic scripts.

5. Bugs:
——–

The , should be distinct from the and
both must differ from the . Qalam doesn’t provide for
transliterating the written as a vertical bar shaped
diacritic, as in archaic spellings of the . The only way to
distinguish digraphs such as from the identically
transliterated followed by , is to force the inclusion of
a diacritic vowel between the two letters. Qalam needs a method to do
so without including the vowel, since it’s not always available in the
original Arabic script text.

6. Acknowledgements:
——————–

Nayel el-Shafei provided the initial impetus for this work by
researching the various transliteration systems in use in the US, and
publishing the results on egypt-net in July 1985. C.I. Browne
(cib%a@lanl.gov) provided, in August 1988, useful comments about the
placement of “.” (no longer in use by Qalam) and pointed out that
was missing in an earlier draft of Qalam. Ali Mili, of the
University of Tunis, commented on an early version of Qalam.

Stavros Macrakis pointed out the absence of a convention for and the old form of that appears as a vertical bar
diacritic (e.g., in the ). The first problem has been
corrected, but the second remains. In winter 1990/91, a debate
surfaced on USENET about transliterating Arabic text, one particular
proposal, called LAiLA, convinced us to use upper case Latin letters
instead of special characters.

References:
———-

@article{Becker87,
AUTHOR = “J.D. Becker”,
TITLE = “Arabic word processing”,
JOURNAL = “Communications of the ACM”,
VOLUME = “30”,
NUMBER = “7”,
PAGES = “600–611”,
MONTH = “July”,
YEAR = “1987”}

@article{Becker84,
AUTHOR = “J.D. Becker”,
TITLE = “Multilingual word processing”,
JOURNAL = “Scientific American”,
VOLUME = “251”,
NUMBER = “1”,
PAGES = “”,
MONTH = “July”,
YEAR = “1984”}

==============================================================================

Quilting And Quilt-Related Books Compiled For Quiltnetters

QUILTING AND QUILT-RELATED BOOKS COMPILED FOR QUILTNETTERS
(by Subject)

** Amish **

AMISH ADVENTURE, AN (A Workbook for Color in Quilts) ($15.95)
by Roberta Horton
C&T Publishing, Lafyette, CA 1983

Very good book.

AMISH QUILT, THE ($45)
by Eve Wheatcroft Grannick
1989, Good Books, Intercourse Pennsylvania

Not only beautiful Amish quilts, but also their stories and a view on the
communities and eras from which they come. A great body of information about
the Amish and their textile traditions. Facts presented through interviews and
conversations with Amish families and with people whose lives have touched the
Amish people, including many who sold fabrics to these seamstresses.

GALLERY OF AMISH QUILTS, A ($9.95)
(Design Diversity from a Plain People)
by Robert Bishop and Elizabeth Safanda
E.P. Dutton, NY 1976 (first published)

Great collection (150) of Amish quilts in color. Splendid black-and-white
photographs of the Amish people and countryside. Also, a comprehensive
introduction provides the cultural and aesthetic background for viewing
these quilts.

SMALL AMISH QUILT PATTERNS
by Rachel Pellman
Good Books, Intercourse, PA 1985

Patterns for making small amish quilts.

PLAIN AND SIMPLE
by Sue Bender

She tells of her fascination with the vibrant colors and stunning geometric
simplicity of the Amish quilts. The quilts “spoke directly to me…they went
straight to my heart.” I highly recommend the book. It was after reading her
book that I started learning how to quilt.

** Applique **

APPLIQUE: 12 EASY WAYS
by Elly Sienkiewicz

Excellent book on various applique techniques. She starts out with basic
methods and moves on to more specialized techniques. This books gives you
a solid foundation in applique.

APPLIQUE PATTERNS FROM NATIVE AMERICAN BEADWORK DESIGNS ($14.95)
by Dr. Joyce Mori
AQS, Paducah, KY

Great for anyone interested in this subject matter. Most of the designs in
this book are adapted from beaded objects made by members of Native American
Indian tribes located in five major regions in North America.

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLIQUE & EMBROIDERY ($24.95)
by Anita Shackelford

A beautiful book!! For those of you interested in these two subjects this is a
wonderful book. Good instructions, illustrations and patterns.
It is hard back, 151 glossy pages and 9-1/4 x 12-1/4 in size

** Beginners **

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF QUILTING TECHNIQUES, THE ($24.95)
by Katherine Guerrier
Running Press, Philadelphia, PA 1994

Excellent book. Colorful. Describes: techniques, block construction (she
gives you step by step instructions on how to make some of the more common
blocks (with color illustrations of each step) rotary cutting, special effects,
applique, quilting, finishing, etc. Toward the back of the book are gorgeous
quilts to truly inspire you.

This is a great reference book, great for beginners but can be used by
seasoned quilters as well. A must for every quilter’s library.

FAST PATCH – A TREASURY OF STRIP QUILT PROJECTS ($17.95)
by Anita Hallock
Chilton Book Co., Radnor, PA 1989

This is a very good book for beginners and everyone else. A new strip
technique for making triangles.

Step-by-step instructions. By making a checkerboard and turning it on the
bias, you can learn to cut strips of triangles, opening up a whole range of
traditional blocks like the Ohio Star and sawtooth borders.

HAPPY ENDINGS
(Finishing the Edges of Your Quilt)
by Mimi Dietrich
That Patchwork Place 1987

Great book for ideas and instructions on finishing your quilt.
This book belongs in every quilter’s collection.

MACHINE PIECING & QUILTING (Teach Yourself)
by Debra Wagner
Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA

Beginning with guidelines for choosing a sewing machine, using templates,
selecting and preparing fabrics for quilting; guides you with friendly,
step-by-step instructions.

QUILTING BY MACHINE ($19.95)
Singer
Cy DeCosse Inc., Minnesota 1990

Beginner’s book. (not machine quilting). Quite pictorial. Instructions are
very easy to follow.

Can be used as a learning tool if you are sewing your first quilt or as a
reference if you have had quilting experience. The piecing, applique, and
quilting techniques that are included in this book are quick, easy machine
methods. If more than one technique is shown, the easier technique is first.

** Borders **

SETS & BORDERS
by Marston & Cunningham, AQS

I have had this book a long time. It has lots of good photos, border ideas and
charts for planning them. I have found it inspirational and helpful.

QUILTER’S ALBUM OF BLOCKS AND BORDERS
Jinny Beyer

Great black and white illustrations of blocks to give you ideas for blocks and
the shading of the blocks. (re: question on black and white quilts).

BRAID & CHEVRON UPDATED
by Camille Remme
ME Publications Santa Monica, CA 1993

45 variations of making braid and chevron borders from one traditional pattern.

PAINLESS BORDERS
by Sally Schneider

This book presents 16 cleverly designed quilts and borders in which the border
is pieced along with the quilt. My favorite is the twisted ribbon border
which looks like a double sided twisted ribbon cascading along the border.
She provides lots of suggestions for clever and fast cutting/piecing.

** Children **

TENDER LOVING COVERS
by Toni Phillips and Juanita Simonich

This is a WONDERFUL book of children’s quilts with great designs,
mostly pieced. They are crib/wall quilt size but there is no reason
they could not be incorporated into a large quilt, if you wish. One
quilt is called Wheels & More Wheels and has a tow truck, fire
engine, ambulance, and police car, so it is not strictly trucks. In
addition to this, there are the following: Astronaut, farm, cowboy,
circus, zoo, christmas, a school quilt.

GO WILD WITH QUILTS ($19.95)
by Margaret Rolfe
That Patchwork Place

This book has a lot of North American wildlife — birds, squirrels, owls, black
bears etc.
—-
It uses straightline piecing methods (no inset pieces) to create realistic
looking animals and birds (cardinal, beaver, racoon etc.)

PATCHWORK QUILTS TO MAKE FOR CHILDREN
by Margaret Rolfe
Sterling Publishing Co. Inc. New York

I can attest to both of these books as great sources for easily
pieced animal blocks. The GO WILD book was a great hit when we
had it for the book draw at our guild meeting. It contains 14
North American Animals (racoon, beaver, ducks etc).
—-
My favorite for children. This book hasas a whole zoo, patterns for many
dinosaurs, farm animals, etc. In my opinion they are more fun than
traditional blocks and make finding naturalistic fabrics fun too.

QUILT A KOALA
by Margaret Rolfe.
Sterling Publishing

Another fun book. This one has patterns for pieced blocks featuring native
Austrailian birds and animals.

** Color **

COLOR CONFIDENCE FOR QUILTERS ($24.95)
by Jinny Beyer
The Quilt Digest Press, 1992

This is Jinny’s color system based on the use of a master palette of fabric
colors that span the spectrum. By following the instructions in this book, you
create your own master palette that you can use as a tool for color choices
for all of your future quilting projects. After creating your own color
palette, you will learn how to create countless color schemes just by taking
small sections of the palette, or by rearranging portions of it.

COLOR DESIGN IN PATCHWORK
by Paula Nadelstern
Dover Publications 1991

Explores how color can be used to vary one and the same patchwork
configuration. Depending on the placement of color and the resulting degree of
contrast, different shapes in a pieced pattern are emphasized and visually
linked. Usually some shapes combine to form the main unit of design, while
remaining ones are interpreted as background.

COLOR AND CLOTH: THE QUILTMAKER’S ULTIMATE WORKBOOK ($19.95)
by Mary Coyne Penders
The Quilt Digest Press, 1989

This is another good “color confidence” book. Underrated, probably because of
Jinny Beyer’s.

STRIPS THAT SIZZLE
by Margaret Miller

My first B&W quilt was made using this book. It is a book primarily meant for
working in color, but I thought the technique worked extraordinarily well for
black and white. I believe that almost any quilt pattern could be used if you
watch your placement as to shading.

** Design/Designing **

SENSATIONAL SETTINGS
(Over 80 ways to arrange your quilt blocks) ($9.95)
by Joan Hanson
That Patchwork Place 1993

Good book offering a lot of ideas/suggestions for arranging quilt blocks.

QUILTING BY DESIGN
by Marston and Cunningham

Linda asked about how to arrive at quilting designs. I had many of the same
questions, and kept looking for the right book to answer them. This book does
so. I highly recommend it.

ONE-OF-A-KIND QUILTS
(Simple Steps to Individual Quilts) ($16.95)
by Judy Martin
That Patchwork Place 1989

One-of-a-Kind Quilts are structured scrap quilts–everyday quilts that feature
a planned theme or focal area surrounded by blocks made in a variety of
patterns, with the overall design developing as the piece is made.

This book takes you step-by-step through the theme blocks and the background
blocks, covering everything from cutting and construction techniques to the
creative decisions that are made along the way. Suggestions for completing the
quilts are included. Master templates and quick-cutting information for the
background blocks are provided toward the end of the book. An excellent book.

THREE-DIMENSIONAL DESIGN ($18.95)
by Katie Pasquini
C&T Publishing, Lafayette, CA 1988

Detailed discussion of how to make objects appear three-dimensional.
Lots of her quilts (in color).

SPEED CUTS
by Donna Poster
Chilton for the Creative Machine Arts Series.

In it there are 1200 quilt blocks (although I would say that there
are only 500 designs but each can be constructed in one of three
sizes 10″ 12″ and 14″). Also, there is a quilt layout section that
shows how many blocks you will need for each size quilt depending on
whether you are putting the blocks together on point, straight set,
with lattice or any combination of these.

Of course, also included is a yardage chart based on the templates to
be used. And the templates themselves are in the back, numbered.
Note: Blocks are all in black and white.

WALL QUILTS
by Marsha McCloskey
That Patchwork Place, Bothell, WA

A step-by-step guide on how to make wall hangings that will add bold and
beautiful accents of folk art design to many areas throughout the home. It
contains complete instructions and full-size pattern pieces for creating ten
wall quilts based on traditional pieced designs, several of them with matching
patchwork pillows. Directed to both beginning and advanced quilters, it
includes detailed instructions on all special techniques involved, from
template making, machine-piecing, and hand-quilting to mounting and hanging.

PATCHWORK PATTERNS ($18.95)
Jinny Beyer
EPM Publications, Inc., McLean, VA 1979

This book is written for those who have an interest in using traditional
geometric designs or a desire to create their own original motifs.

It explains in a systematic manner a method of drafting patterns which has, in
large, been put aside, and about which no comprehensive book has been written.
She also explains a few simple drafting techniques which are particularly
useful in making geometric designs.

PATTERN PLAY: CREATING YOUR OWN QUILTS ($24.95)
by Doreen Speckmann
C & T Publishing, Lafayette, California 1993
(Not for beginners)

Introduces you to an easy and fun way to design your own blocks on graph paper,
then put those blocks into interesting quilt designs. Discusses fabric
selection and the techniques necessary for turning graph paper quilts into real
ones. Provides scale drawings and photos of some of her favorite quilts,
complete with yardages and size-change options.
——
Down to earth, easy-to-understand method to making your own designs.
Excellent, excellent book. She writes with a sense of humour and
shows loads of examples to get you thinking. It’s an excellent back
door entrance to a more “creative” side of quilting for those technician
types who don’t think they “have” creativity.

BLOCKBUSTER QUILTS
by Margaret Miller

An unusual approach to setting odd blocks (i.e., block of the month,
friendship blocks, good bye blocks, or blocks that are not all quite the same
size) into a quilt top. More for the advanced piecer. Very original.

HOW TO DESIGN AND MAKE YOUR OWN QUILTS ($19.95)
by Katharine Guerrier
Mallard Press, 1991

Good book.

MEMORY QUILTS: DELIGHTFUL WAYS TO CAPTURE TODAY FOREVER
by Nancy Smith and Lynda Milligan

I picked up a couple books to give me ideas when I was designing and
constructing one for my parents’ 50th wedding anniversary.

PATTERN ON PATTERN
by Ruth McDowell

This is an excellent book.

** Fast Piecing/Rotary Cutting Techniques **

TIMELESS TREASURES, A Complete Guide to Rotary Cutting
by Nancy Johnson-Srebo
RCW Publishing

Nancy’s instructions are clear and concise, and she shows readers how
to cut almost any shape, while using your rotary cutter and ruler. Also
included are instructions for specific 6″, 8″, and 10″ blocks.
—-
I have found the info in this book really helpful. She goes through how to cut
a number of pieces: trapezoids, parallelograms, hexagrams, octograms, etc. The
nice thing about the book, too, is that she shows you how to do it for right
handed or left handed cutters. There is also a section in the book for those
who use metric measurements.
—-
I find [this book] indispensable.
She gives clear instructions and illustrations to cut any
shape with the rotary cutter. Both right and left handed illustrations are
given. In the middle of the book there is a chart for adding on seam
allowances to any shape. It gives both the English and Metric measurements.
There are also good directions on pressing.

The last part of the book has color photos of blocks and complete directions
for them including cutting, sewing, and pressing. She includes which direction
to press the seams. (It was great help to me when I was beginning to make
blocks for the first time.) My only complaint was that there were a couple of
mistakes in the placement of the color photos to the directions. Some of them
didn’t match but were found somewhere else in the book.

BTW, I took the book to a printer and had them put a spiral binding on it so
that it lays flat and stays open when I am using it.

SPEED CUTS
by Donna Poster
Chilton for the Creative Machine Arts Series.

In it there are 1200 quilt blocks (although I would say that there
are only 500 designs but each can be constructed in one of three
sizes 10″ 12″ and 14″). Also, there is a quilt layout section that
shows how many blocks you will need for each size quilt depending on
whether you are putting the blocks together on point, straight set,
with lattice or any combination of these.

Of course, also included is a yardage chart based on the templates to
be used. And the templates themselves are in the back, numbered.

Note: Blocks are all in black and white.

ANGLE ANTICS ($18.95)
by Mary Hickey
That Patchwork Place, 1991

Explores the design potential of a rectangle constructed of two contrasting
triangles (called bias rectangle). It also provides you with a technique for
constructing this rectangle quickly and accurately. (Most patterns are star
patterns.)

BACK TO SQUARE ONE ($17.99)
by Nancy J. Martin
That Patchwork Place 1988

Great book featuring Nancy Martin’s personal quiltmaking techniques (template-
free approach).
—-
She shows how to make what she calls a Square 1, Square
1.5 or Square 2. Square 1 is made of 2 triangles. This is what you need for
Ocean Waves. Square 1.5 is made of one big triangles and 2 little ones. Square
2 is made of 4 little triangles. I am making a huge wall hanging that uses all
of these different squares and it is working wonderfully!

STRIP QUILTING ($14.95)
by Diane Wold
TAB Books, Div. of McGraw Hill 1987

I love this little book. It’s perfect for those who are into piecing and
repiecing (seminole patchwork take off). It’s very easy to follow.

It contains complete instructions, including diagrams, cutting instructions,
and a shopping list, for each of the projects illustrated. Pointers are given
for modifying projects, for adapting patterns from other sources and for
creating your own designs.

SHORTCUTS: A Concise Guide to Rotary Cutting
by Donna Thomas
That Patchwork Place, Bothell, WA 1991

Basic quick-cutting techniques plus a number of techniques that are expansions
of the basics.

QUILTER’S GUIDE TO ROTARY CUTTING, THE ($17.95)
by Donna Poster
Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA 1991

Good technical reference book on rotary speed cutting ; Over 1,000 speed-cut
shapes.

ROTARY ROUNDUP
Judy Hopkins & Nancy Martin
That Patchwork Place

Both books (Rotary Riot below) have about 40 color prints of quilts. These
quilts are made from traditional block patterns and have instructions for
rotary cutting and quick piecing. Nancy Martin owns the publishing company
that published these two books.
—-
I had Rotary Riot, so I had to buy this one too and I’m not one bit sorry. I
love to get ideas and inspiration from these books and this one is full of
great colors,beautiful quilts. Their books are the only ones I use when I need
to make bias binding as it shows the flat cut method. The only times I tried
to do the continuous circle, it ends up in a mess.

ROTARY RIOT: 40 Fast & Fabulous Quilts ($21.95)
by Judy Hopkins and Nancy J. Martin
That Patchwork Place 1991

The authors of this book take 40 traditional blocks that appeal to many
quiltmakers and adapted their construction to template-free techniques. Begins
with Nancy’s basic review of rotary-cutting techniques and information on
multi-fabric quilts. The pattern section includes step-by-step directions for
forty favorite quilts, all clearly illustrated and written in a Template-Free
format. Some of the patterns feature bias squares, some cut with 8″ Bias
Square and several use simple strip-piecing techniques. The patterns are
graded with symbols as to difficulty (beginner, intermediate, advanced). Judy
has written a section on Finishing Your Quilt and has included some of the
overall repeat quilting patterns for which she is known. Also included is
information on crow footing, utility quilting and other tacking techniques.

COLORFUL ANGLES
(Triangles, Diamonds & Hexagons With a Contemporary Look)
by Susan Stein
EZ International 1993

This book combines the use of applique, traditional blocks, hand
dyed fabrics and the EZ tools (EZ Angle, Companion Angle, Easy Eight, Easy
Hexagon, Speed grids, trapezoids) to create very contemporary designs. 16
projects. I think this is a good book.

QUICK & EASY QUILTMAKING ($26.95)
by Mary Hickey, Nancy J. Martin, Marsha McCloskey and Sara Nephew
That Patchwork Place, 1993

This book introduces cutting techniques originated by each of the authors.
Teaches the authors’ special techniques for making quilts with a variety of
triangular shapes. Organized for easy use. Good for a beginner. 26 projects
featuring speedy cutting and piecing methods

Tips are presented on various pages throughout the book to help clarify a
technique or to teach a fast (er) way to do something. This book worth it just
for the tips presented throughout.

COUNTRY QUILTS IN A DAY ($14.95)
by Fran Roen
Sterling Publishing Co, NY 1991

This book uses strip quilting and other speed techniques.
Very simplistic. Good for a person interested in teaching themselves
how to quilt.

ON TO SQUARE TWO ($17.49)
by Marsha McCloskey
That Patchwork Place, Bothell, WA 1992

Thirty pieced block designs that contain the Square Two unit (a continuation of
Back to Square One) and related bias strip-pieced units. Also contains a how
to section on the construction details of bias strip piecing half-square units
(Square One), quarter-square units (Square Two) and two other related pieced
units. General instructions for machine piecing and rotary cutting are
provided in the back of the book.

PAINLESS PATCHWORK ($14.95)
by Rosemary Donoughue
Sally Milner Publishing, Australia 1991

Quick modern methods for traditional quilts. This is a very good book for
making the following quilts: log cabin, irish chain (double and triple), lone
star, and trip around the world. Instructions are very easy to follow.
Great for beginners. No color.

QUICK COUNTRY QUILTS
by Debbie Mumm

Very explicit instructions using quick piecing methods, well laid out book,
lots of photos and diagrams. Apples, leaves, cows, sewing machines, sheep,
cats, bunnies, tulips, hearts, houses, etc etc all in the “country” style.
—-
This book has lots of “cute” small projects that are relatively easy to make.
I made the “Alley Cats” as a going away present a few years ago and the
recipient loved it.

** Finishing **

HAPPY ENDINGS
(Finishing the Edges of Your Quilt)
by Mimi Dietrich
That Patchwork Place 1987

Great book for ideas and instructions on finishing your quilt.
This book belongs in every quilter’s collection.

** Foundation Piecing **

EASY MACHINE PAPER PIECING
by Carol Doak
That Patchwork Place

I surrender — I am a believer. I attended a workshop last night on
foundation/paper piecing based on this book. It works, by golly, it works.
What a treat — and I can turn out such perfectly precise blocks. It’s
wonderful. If you haven’t tried it, you should — attending a class really
helps because you see how it’s done live.

PRECISION PIECED QUILTS USING THE FOUNDATION METHOD
by Jane Hall and Dixie Haywood

I like this book because it offers a good history, well-described theory and
practical examples of piecing on a variety of foundations. It’s well
written and very nicely illustrated with b&w photos, color plates and
instructional line drawings.

** General/Miscellaneous **

SENSATIONAL SCRAP QUILTS
by Darra Duffy Williamson

I like this book, particularly the section on selecting fabrics for scrap
quilts. I used her idea of making a reference card of all the colors in the
quilt (you take a small piece of each and organize them on a card in a
continuous line from light to dark, ignoring color) and it worked a treat on a
planned scrap quilt I made using about 40 pinks and greys.

QNM did a review and hated it, they said there was nothing new in it. I think
it is well laid out and gives you lots to think about.
—-
I learned a lot from this book. First, I discovered D.D. Williamsons theory of
the “Maverick” block in quilts using repeating blocks! That has helped me to
add more fun and excitement to my quilts. It also has a section on color use
and drafting patterns. I find I go back and read this book over and over.
Wonderful!

ROMANCE OF THE PATCHWORK QUILT IN AMERICA, THE
by Hall and Kretsinger

(answer to question on pattern for Seven Sisters) Thi book has a picture of a
“Seven Stars” block on p. 54 that appears to be a similar, if not identical,
pattern.

STRIPS THAT SIZZLE
by Margaret Miller

My first B&W quilt was made using this book. It is a book primarily meant for
working in color, but I thought the technique worked extraordinarily well for
black and white. I believe that almost any quilt pattern could be used if you
watch your placement as to shading.

QUILTMAKER’S GUIDE: Basics and Beyond
by Carol Doak

There is a neat pieced maple leaf pattern in this book. It shows four standard
pieced maple leaves set in a block so that each maple leaf is pointing towards
a different corner.

QUILTING WITH STYLE ($24.95)
by Marston & Cunningham

I would like to list this as a book that several people in my guild highly
recommend as a “every quilter must have” book.

QUILT ALMANAC 19xx
by Oxmoor House

These are some of my favorites too. The quilts range from very simple
to very difficult. The patterns are good and I enjoy the biographies.
There’s a chapter each year on group quilts or guild quilts and someday
I expect I’ll see a QuiltNet quilt featured there!

QUILTS AND QUILTING ($17.95)
by Threads magazine
The Taunton Press, 1991

Series of articles drawn from the first 35 issues of Threads magazine, more
than two dozen master quiltmakers share their ideas and techniques.

Great collection!

** Hand Quilting **

ESSENTIAL QUILTER, THE
by Barbara Chainey ($29 .95)

A wonderful book. It is a complete course in the lost art of hand quilting. It
covers everything you might need to know, and the clear photos show you how to
hold the needle, etc. The quilts are all Welsh or English, many are
“whole-cloth” (all-quilted) quilts with beautiful feathers, scrolls, etc. Very
inspirational.

QUILTING STITCH, HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR
by Ami Simms
Mallery Press, Flint, Michigan

Great instructional book on perfecting hand quilting stitch.

** Inspirational **

AMERICA’S TRADITIONAL CRAFTS ($95)
by Robert Shaw
Macmillan, N.Y. 1993.

Wonderful book. Wonderful color photos…quilts and a lot more…
very oversize… BEAUTIFUL…

COLLECTOR SCRAP QUILTS
(Book II in the Collector Quilt Series)
by Marti Michell
American School of Needlework, San Marcos, CA 1992

Second book in the collector series that features design inspiration from
antique quilts.

Pretty good instructional book.

GALLERY OF AMERICAN QUILTS: 1860-1989: Book 2
American Quilting Society

If you want inspiration and if only American quilts will do, this is the book!

JAPANESE QUILTS ($24.95)
by Jill Liddell & Yuko Watanabe
E.P.Dutton, NY 1988

Beautiful collection of Japanese quilts.

QUILTING AND INFLUENCES ($29.95)
by Nancy Crow
AQS, Paducah, KY

Nancy, with the help of lots of pictures, explains how she uses her
instinctive eye for color and design to create quilt art. 256 pages offer
more than 300 photos, most in full color arangement showing Nancy’s use
of color and unusual fabrics. She also talks about her family and how
they influenced her life as far as quilting is concerned.

Good coffee table book.

** Machine Quilting **

COMPLETE BOOK OF MACHINE QUILTING, THE
by Robbie and Toby Fanny
(Chilton Needlework Series), 1980

Good book. Discusses frame basting on pages 58-65, with ilustrations on pages
60 and 62 of the materials, the components, the frame set up and in use.

HEIRLOOM MACHINE QUILTING
by Harriet Hargrave

This is probably the best book available on machine quilting.
A must!!

** Miniature/Crib **

TWENTY LITTLE PATCHWORK QUILTS
by Gwen Marston and Joe Cunningham
Dover Publications, NY 1990

Miniatures quilts. Includes templates and quilting designs

SMALL TALK
by Donna Thomas
That Patchwork Place.

I am very impressed with the progressive directions (from easiest to more
difficult) they are easy to follow and the pictures were inspiring. I would
highly recommend it.

AMISH CRIB QUILTS
by Rachel and Kenneth Pellman
Good Books Publishers 1985

Beautiful quilts.

SMALL AMISH QUILT PATTERNS
by Rachel Pellman
Good Books, Intercourse, PA 1985

Patterns for making small amish quilts.

CRIB QUILTS AND OTHER SMALL WONDERS ($29.50)
by Thos. K. Woodward & Blanche Greenstein
Bonanza Books, New York 1988 edition

Lots of colorful quilts.

WORKING IN MINIATURE ($15.95)
by Becky Schaefer
C&T Publishing, Layayette, CA 1987

A machine piecing approach to miniature quilts.
Good book.

** Nine Patch **

NIFTY NINE PATCHES
by Carolann M. Palmer

If anyone ever thought ninepatches were humdrum, this should change their mind.
This book also has good instructions on quick rotary cutting and piecing
techniques.

NINE PATCH WONDERS
by Blanche Young and Helen Young Frost
First Star publishers, Tucson, Arizona 1991

Shows what can be done with a nine patch block (interesting color plays,
optical illusions, three dimensional woven effects).

The best of traditional designs as well as some original variations. Some
quilts are made with all Nine Patch blocks; others combine the pieced blocks
with background blocks. Others are variations on the Double Nine Patch design,
where pieced blocks are joined with plain squares to form large Nine Patch
blocks. Combining the 9Patch with other shapes, such as rectangles or
triangles, creates even more variations.

** Patterns/Blocks **

ULTIMATE BOOK OF QUILT BLOCK PATTERNS, THE
by Judy Martin
Crosley-Griffith Publishing 1988

Excellent book, lots of of various sizes.
—-
This book is my most favorite, and most used, of all time.

QUILTS! QUILTS!! QUILTS!!! ($21.95)
The Complete Guide to Quiltmaking
by Diana McClun and Laura Nownes
The Quilt Digest Press, 1988

Great book.

Includes patterns that beginning quiltmakers can complete successfully, as well
as designs an experienced quiltmaker will enjoy working with. Popular and
traditional patterns–and all the instructions for the techniques required to
make them.

The patterns are arranged in a progressive sequence, incorporating new designs
and utilizing more difficult techniques as you move from the simpler patterns
to the more complex. Some patterns require more precise work than others, but
with careful work all can be completed by the quiltmaker who begins with the
simpler patterns, moving onward as experience warrants.

QUILTS, QUILTS, AND MORE QUILTS
by McClun and Nownes.

This book is just as good as their first book (see above).

QUILTER’S COLOR WORKBOOK: Unlimited Designs from
Easy-to-Make Quilt Blocks ($12.95)
by Kirstin Olsen
Sterling Publishing Co., INc., New York 1990

For a beginner: shows multiple color combinations for a number of quilt
patterns; provides ten or twenty starting points. Lots of quilt blocks in a
variety of color combinations: pinwheel, ohio star, chimney sweep, mosaic,
triangles, wrench, double-nine patch, rabbit’s paw, bow-tie, hexagon, pineapple
log cabin, log cabin, lone star, tumbling blocks, and irish chain.

Also provides piecing instructions for each block.

QUILTER’S PATTERN WORKBOOK ($12.95)
by Kristin Olsen

This book has templates for the bow tie block and demonstrates how the block
can be arranged with different colors at least 10 times. I’ve yet to read the
book in detail, but she does this with many patterns and it looks really neat!

TEMPLATES FOR 171 NINE-PATCH QUILT BLOCKS
by Rita Weiss
American School of Needlework 1989

Good book of 9-patch blocks in 10, 12 and 14 inch sizes

SCRAP QUILTS
by Judy Martin
Moon Over the Mountain Publishing, Wheatridge, Colo 1985

Techniques plus patterns old and new for making quilts a from collected
fabrics.
Very nice, colorful quilts. I bought this book because I saw her quilt
“Tennessee Waltz” on display at the Great American Quilt Festival 1993 in New
York.

RADIANT STAR
by Eleanor Burns
Quilt in a Day Series 1990

Good book for making stars.

QUILT PROJECTS BY MACHINE
by Singer, 1992

There is a small section on Bow Ties (about a half doz or so pages) in this
book. It shows several arrangements: traditional, zigzag, octagonal,
staggered.
There are a couple of neat arrangements using color (oh, no, I’m starting
to write “American”!) gradations, as well as scrap, necktie fabrics and
amish colours. It gives a couple of ideas for borders and sashings as well.

QUILTS SEW QUILT
by Nancy J. Smith and Lynda Milligan

This is the one that has the Ivy Trellis Pattern in it that I asked about on
QuiltNet last fall and noone could find the pattern for. It has a number of
other interesting patterns in it for large print fabrics.

QUILT ALMANAC 19xx
by Oxmoor House

These are some of my favorites too. The quilts range from very simple
to very difficult. The patterns are good and I enjoy the biographies.
There’s a chapter each year on group quilts or guild quilts and someday
I expect I’ll see a QuiltNet quilt featured there!

120 Patterns for Traditional Patchwork Quilts
by Maggie Malone
Sterling Publishing, NY 1983

Patterns range from easy to hard; from well-known designs to more obscure
patterns. Some of the patterns you may have never seen before since they were
reproduced from museum quilts.

BEST OF THE CLASSIC QUILT SERIES, THE
by Laura Nownes.

This book is chock full of great photos and patterns (and instructions) for
many “classic” quilt designs (cathedral windows and grandmother’s flower garden
to name only two).

COUNTRY QUILTS BY COUNTRY LIVING ($25.00)
Text by Eleanor Levie, Jennifer Place and Mary Seehafer Sears
Hearst Books, New York 1992

More than 10 years worth of Country Living’s favorite country quilts, offering
instructions and pattern pieces for making twenty of them. Over 100 examples
of how quilts can personalize every room in the house, adding color and graphic
impact to any space.

EAST QUILTS WEST ($24.95)
by Kumiko Sodo

It is wonderful!!! She has many patterns that have instructions for an
average to advanced quilter. Her patterns are not, on the most part, for the
faint of heart. The best part, is the ideas which spring forth from her many
designs. I very, very seldom use a design, even if given permission – I like
to make my own designe. Her book is an inspiration. I hate to piece curves,
so I have been appliqueing them down on top of the under piece after turning
under the edge. This is how she “pieces” her curves. The book is rich in
color and in interestingly narrated. Her use of color is wonderful.
It is not a cheap book, but I would definitely recommend it.

** Reference (Historical) **

CONTEMPORARY QUILTS FROM TRADITIONAL DESIGNS ($9.50 used)
by Carolyn L. Mosey
E. P. Dutton Publishers, New York 1988

This book takes a comparative look at the physical changes in the art of
quilting through the years. While the overall appearance of quilts has
changed, many contemporary quiltmakers keep coming back to traditional
patterns. The artists represented in this book share their feelings on the
history of quilting, the direction in which it is going and their viewpoints on
several quilt-related topics.

Interesting. Provides a traditional quilt on one side of the page and a
quilter’s contemporary rendition of the same pattern on the other.

FABULOUS FABRICS OF THE 50s (And Other Terrific Textiles of the
20s, 30s, and 40s)
by Gideon Bosker, John Gramstad, Michele Mancini
Chronicle Books, San Francisco.

This one focuses on drape/upholstry fabrics of those years and is great for the
history and wonderful (often weird) color combinations of the fabrics.

SIGNS AND SYMBOLS: African Images in African-American Quilts ($24.00)
by Maude Southwell Wahlman
Studio Books in association with Museum of American Folk Art, New York

This book introduces the art of African-American quiltmaking to the general
public. Her thesis is that most African-American quiltmaking derives its
aesthetic from various African traditionsk, both technological and ideological.

Provides an abundance of detailed information on African textiles, the history
of quiltmaking in India, Europe and the Americas and extensive interviews with
quilters.

Excellent.

STAR QUILTS ($20)
by Mary Elizabeth Johnson
Clarkson Potter Publishers

Good collection of star quilts.
—-
I like this book. She is well organized and gives you some good photos and
directions. Haven’t tried anything from it yet. (I got it from a closeout
catalog for under $10. It’s a good deal at that price. Not sure if I’d pay
$20 for it though.)

QUILT STORIES
by Cecilia Macheski, editor
Lexington: The University of Kentucky Press, 1994.

This wonderful book is a collection of poems, short stories, and other prose
works by various authors over the past 150-200 years, all dealing somehow with
quilts and quilting. The book is divided into 5 sections (“blocks”), each
named for specific quilt blocks: Memory Blocks (“Stories of Remembrance and
Meaning”), Double Wedding Ring (“Stories of Community and Courtship”), Radical
Rose (“Stories of Struggle and Change”), Wheel of Mystery (“Stories of Murder
and Mystery”), and Old Maid’s Ramble (“Stories of Age and Wisdom”). The
introduction explains the blocks and the stories a bit, and the editor explains
how quilting provided an important link in literature written by women
(although there are a couple of selections from male authors).

REMEMBER ME; Women and their Friendship Quilts
Lipsett, Linda Otto.
San Francisco, Quilt Digest Press, 1985.
Pb, 140 p, col & b/w ill.

One of the very best quilt books ever Linda Otto Lipsett began with her own
collection of 19th century friendship quilts. Her book tells the stories of
eight women and eight quilts made between 1840 and 1895. Many of the stories
are sad stories of leaving family and comfortable homes in the East to
undertake arduous journeys in pursuit of new homes in the West. Using letters,
diaries, interviews and the quilts themselves the author unfolds the everyday
lives of eight real women, following them from youth to old age. Photos show
the women, their families, their homes, and especially their quilts. The
excellent color photographs show full quilts, details of blocks, signatures
and ornaments, and the best close-ups of 19th century fabrics I have seen.
There are also pictures of other typical friendship quilts, patterns for three
quilts prepared by Laura Nownes, and complete references and bibliography.

MY MOTHER’S QUILTS/DESIGNS FROM THE THIRTIES
by Sara Nephew,
That Patchwork Place

I love this one — it really got me into 30s quilts — and it’s my inspiration,
since I just purchased two 30s tops that need batting, backing,etc.

FOLK QUILTS AND HOW TO RECREATE THEM ($14.95)
by Audrey & Douglas Wiss
Sterling/Main Street, NY 1990

This book presents a wide selection of traditional designs for the modern
quilter which have been tested over time. They are presented in their original
colors and special configurations. Some date back as far as the 18th century;
others became popular as late as the 1930s. A few are worked in wool or silk;
most are piecd of plain or printed cottons. All were made in America and
display a variety of piecing, applique and quilting techniques.
I like this collection.

AMERICAN QUILT: A History of Cloth and Comfort 1750-1950, $60
Text: Roderick Kiracofe with Mary Elizabeth Johnson
Photos: Sharon Risendorph
Published by Clarkson Potter, New York

Buy it, it’s gorgeous and you will learn a ton of stuff about
quilting that you never know–extremely well researched, beautifully
designed book, nice typefaces, photography excellent of course–
—-
This is a beautiful book. It has several features I like, including
a time line about quilt styles and fabrics. The photographs are
unusually clear and brilliant. It is expensive; however, you
will find it sold by the discount retailers. I have seen it listed
for $48.

BITS AND PIECES, TEXTILE TRADITIONS
by Jeanette Lasansky

This books contains essays/thesis on history and other aspects: the
relationship between late 19th c. dress fabrics & quilt devel., other
fascinating things.

** Reference (Technical) **

TAKING THE MATH OUT OF MAKING PATCHWORK QUILTS ($6.95)
by Bonnie Leman & Judy Martin
Leman Publications 1981

Charts, tables, measurements, sizes, facts, figures, and helpful information
for planning quilts. A must for every quilter.

QUILTS! QUILTS!! QUILTS!!! ($21.95)
The Complete Guide to Quiltmaking
by Diana McClun and Laura Nownes
The Quilt Digest Press, 1988

Great book.

Includes patterns that beginning quiltmakers can complete successfully, as well
as designs an experienced quiltmaker will enjoy working with. Popular and
traditional patterns–and all the instructions for the techniques required to
make them.

The patterns are arranged in a progressive sequence, incorporating new designs
and utilizing more difficult techniques as you move from the simpler patterns
to the more complex. Some patterns require more precise work than others, but
with careful work all can be completed by the quiltmaker who begins with the
simpler patterns, moving onward as experience warrants.

QUILTS, QUILTS, AND MORE QUILTS
by McClun and Nownes.

This book is just as good as their first book (see above).

QUICK & EASY QUILTMAKING ($26.95)
by Mary Hickey, Nancy J. Martin, Marsha McCloskey and Sara Nephew
That Patchwork Place, 1993

This book introduces cutting techniques originated by each of the authors.
Teaches the authors’ special techniques for making quilts with a variety of
triangular shapes. Organized for easy use. Good for a beginner. 26 projects
featuring speedy cutting and piecing methods

Tips are presented on various pages throughout the book to help clarify a
technique or to teach a fast (er) way to do something. This book worth it just
for the tips presented throughout.

TIPS FOR QUILTERS
by Rachel Pellman
Good Books, Intercourse, PA 1993

A handbook of hints, shortcuts, and practical suggestions from experienced
quilters.
—–
This is a great book full of all sorts of useful ideas. BUT don’t read
it at bedtime or you will quilt ALL night long and not get any sleep!!! I
recommend this book.

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF QUILTING TECHNIQUES, THE ($24.95)
by Katherine Guerrier
Running Press, Philadelphia, PA 1994

Excellent book. Colorful. Describes: techniques, block construction (she
gives you step by step instructions on how to make some of the more common
blocks (with color illustrations of each step) rotary cutting, special effects,
applique, quilting, finishing, etc. Toward the back of the book are gorgeous
quilts to truly inspire you.

This is a great reference book, great for beginners but can be used by
seasoned quilters as well. A must for every quilter’s library.

HAPPY ENDINGS
(Finishing the Edges of Your Quilt)
by Mimi Dietrich
That Patchwork Place 1987

Great book for ideas and instructions on finishing your quilt.
This book belongs in every quilter’s collection.

QUILTING & PATCHWORK DICTIONARY ($12.95)
by Rhoda Ochser Goldberg
1988 Crown Publishers, Inc.

Good reference book.

CLUES IN THE CALICO; A Guide to Identifying and Dating
Antique Quilts ($39.95)
by Barbara Brackman.
EPM Publications, 1989.

There are black and white and color pictures and examples and descriptions of
quilts characteristic of different periods. It is one of the best researched
and written quilt books I have encountered, and I have more than 300 books. I
put this in the top ten. Libraries and quilt guilds should have it.

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF QUILTING TECHNIQUES, THE ($24.95)
by Katherine Guerrier
Running Press, Philadelphia, PA 1994

Excellent book. Colorful. Describes: techniques, block construction (she
gives you step by step instructions on how to make some of the more common
blocks (with color illustrations of each step) rotary cutting, special effects,
applique, quilting, finishing, etc. Toward the back of the book are gorgeous
quilts to truly inspire you.

This is a great reference book, great for beginners but can be used by
seasoned quilters as well. A must for every quilter’s library.

NEW QUILTING AND PATCHWORK DICTIONARY, THE ($12.95)
by Goldberg, Rhoda Ochser
New York: Crown, 1988.

This should be in EVERY quilter’s library. It has 1,740 illustrations, which
includes all the “classics” of our repetoire plus many charming original
designs (a baby bottle block, international signal flags, a pieced panda,
etc.)All black and white illustrations, but so comprehensive most people won’t
even notice!

QUILTS: Identification and Price Guide
by Liz Greenbacker and Kathleen Barach. ($14.00 paper).

(340 pages). This book include such topics as: why collect quilts, how to start
a collection, history of quilts and quilting, dating a quilt (about30 pages
devoted to this chapter), condition, workmanship, repair and finishing,
care/cleaning/storage/display, trends in the marketplace, and seven chapters
under the heading of PRICE LISTINGS, such as antique pieced quilts,
contemporary quilts, art quilts, African American quilts.

EVERY TRICK IN THE BOOK ($10.00)
by Ami Simms
Mallery Press, Flint, MI 1990

Over 500 tricks, tips, and tidbits for quilters .

** Special Interest **

COMPLETE BOOK OF SEMINOLE PATCHWORK, THE ($7.95)
Rush, Beverly with Lassie Wittman
New York: Dover, 1993.

This is the book for anyone interested in Seminole patchwork. I have two other
books on the topic and have seen others at the library–THIS is the one to buy.

—-
It’s a reprint of the 1982 edition which has been out of print for some time.
It’s just $7.95 from I was born and raised in S. Florida and just adore the
Seminole patchwork. This is the first book I’ve seen that’s had something of
an accurate history, too.

QUILT CLIP ART ($10.95)
by Cheryl Petersen
Quiltessence/Fine Publications

It’s a nice little book that has all kinds of sewing-related images, quilt
borders, the word QUILT in various fonts and stylings, little quilts
flying pigs, thimbles and thread.

The nice part about this publisher is that you can order DISKS of
all the clip art (a necessity if you don’t own a scanner!) The clip
art is available for MACs in pict form on 3.5″ disks. It is also
available for the IBM or clone, but you must call or write to them and
give them your graphic requirements.

COLOR WASH WORKBOOK ($12.95)
by Shirley Liby
Graphics Unlimited, 1993

This book is the result of Liby’s creative play and her approach to the process
of color wash through a series of modules that seemed to simplify the whole
idea for her.

I like this book because it is in black and white and, therefore, easier to
separate values. There are also a lot of grids that you can copy and play
around with your own designs.

STAR QUILTS ($20)
by Mary Elizabeth Johnson
Clarkson Potter Publishers

Good collection of star quilts.
—-
I like this book. She is well organized and gives you some good photos and
directions. Haven’t tried anything from it yet. (I got it from a closeout
catalog for under $10. It’s a good deal at that price. Not sure if I’d pay
$20 for it though.)

RADIANT STAR
by Eleanor Burns
Quilt in a Day Series 1990

Good book for making stars.

CONWAY ALBUM (I’M NOT FROM BALTIMORE) QUILT
by Irma Gail Hatcher

This is a Baltimore style quilt done in a blue design scheme. Each of
the blocks in her design could be used to make a wonderful quilt of that
block alone. However, the whole quilt is a stunner. It’s the one that
won first place for Innovative Applique, large quilt AND the Founders
Award at the American International Quilt Show in Houston.

FIT TO BE TIED
by Judy Hopkins
That Patchwork Place

There is a whole (wonderful) book of bow tie quilts.

FRIENDSHIP’S OFFERING: Techniques and Inspiration for Writing on Quilts
by Susan McKelvey

Another helpful book for anyone who wants to write on quilts.

SASHIKO FOR MACHINE SEWING
by Janet K. Rostocki
Summa Design

These designs are cleverly constructed so that they can be continuously
sewn on the machine. Five classic designs are included and 8 new designs.
They could all be handsewn if you wanted to do that. Each is given in
two sizes.

JACKET JAZZ ($21.95)
by Judy Murrah
AQS

One woman in my guild made a jacket in it and just raved about
the book. She said it was totally lucid, thorough, etc.
—-
This book has a nifty way to make Prairie Points from a strip of fabric. I’ve
tried it for trim on a vest and it was very easy.
—-
This book has 5 wonderful jacket patterns in it. In the book, she shows how to
do 36 different things to put on a jacket. A few will look very familiar to
most quilters such as a strip of flying geese, though making it without cutting
any triangles may be a new technique. Some such as woven prairie points I had
never seen or heard mentioned before, though I know we have mentioned the
standard prairie points before.

NEW JERSEY QUILTS 1777 to 1950
by the Heritage Quilt Project of New Jersey

I have a number of state-oriented quilt history books and this one, which
focuses more on the quilts than the makers, I find to be outstanding.

WATERCOLOR QUILTS ($24.95)
by Pat Maixner Magaret & Donna Ingram Slusser
That Patchwork Place, Bothell, WA 1993

Great instructional book on making watercolor quilts.

WEEKEND LOG CABIN QUILTS
by Marti Michell
American School of Needlework (quilt as you go books)

TEXTILE DESIGNS ($65.00)
Susan Meller and Joost Elffers
AQS, Paducah, KY

This book is expensive but worth it if you are a fabric collector. This book
has some introductory discussion of the the production of types of textiles,
and then the rest is color plates of examples from a collection that has over
5,000,000 “fabrics of the common man” – not the fancy brocades, etc., but
paisleys, calicoes, leaves and foliage, conversationals, block prints, and on,
and on – the kind of stuff that many of us in our quilts.
——
Most of its 461 pages are filled with excellent color pictures (1,823
illustrations in color) of fabrics we’d all like to have. Color reproduction is
good and the pictures are large so that you can see the pattern detail. My only
serious criticism of the book is that reproductions are not all full-size or
even to the same scale. Page layout seems to have dictated the scale of
reproduction, and on the same page there are illustrations at 50%, 68% and 70%
full size, on other pages 27%, 100%, 120% and 150%. I suppose we should
appreciate the indication of scale included for each sample.

Although the book is expensive, it is not overpriced for a large format
art book with full-color illustrations on good quality paper. It has a
sewn binding and is very sturdily put together.

QUILTING AND QUILT-RELATED BOOKS COMPILED FOR QUILTNETTERS
(An alphabetical listing)

120 Patterns for Traditional Patchwork quilts
by Maggie Malone
Sterling Publishing, NY 1983

Patterns in this book range from easy to hard; from well-known designs to more
obscure patterns. Some of the patterns you may have never seen before since
they were reproduced from museum quilts.

AMERICA’S TRADITIONAL CRAFTS ($95)
by Robert Shaw
Macmillan, N.Y. 1993.

Wonderful book. Wonderful color photos…quilts and a lot more…
very oversize… BEAUTIFUL…

AMERICAN QUILT: A History of Cloth and Comfort 1750-1950, $60
Text: Roderick Kiracofe with Mary Elizabeth Johnson
Photos: Sharon Risendorph
Published by Clarkson Potter, New York

Buy it, it’s gorgeous and you will learn a ton of stuff about
quilting that you never know–extremely well researched, beautifully
designed book, nice typefaces, photography excellent of course–
—-
This is a beautiful book. It has several features I like, including
a time line about quilt styles and fabrics. The photographs are
unusually clear and brilliant. It is expensive; however, you
will find it sold by the discount retailers. I have seen it listed
for $48.

ANGLE ANTICS ($18.95)
by Mary Hickey
That Patchwork Place, 1991

Explores the design potential of a rectangle constructed of two contrasting
triangles (called bias rectangle). It also provides you with a technique for
constructing this rectangle quickly and accurately. (Most patterns are star
patterns.)

AMISH ADVENTURE, AN (A Workbook for Color in Quilts) ($15.95)
by Roberta Horton
C&T Publishing, Lafyette, CA 1983

Very good book.

AMISH QUILT, THE ($45)
by Eve Wheatcroft Grannick
1989, Good Books, Intercourse Pennsylvania

Not only beautiful Amish quilts, but also their stories and a view on the
communities and eras from which they come. A great body of information about
the Amish and their textile traditions. Facts presented through interviews and
conversations with Amish families and with people whose lives have touched the
Amish people, including many who sold fabrics to these seamstresses.

APPLIQUE: 12 EASY WAYS
by Elly Sienkiewicz.

Excellent book on various applique techniques. She starts out with basic
methods and moves on to more specialized techniques. This books gives you
a solid foundation in applique.

APPLIQUE PATTERNS FROM NATIVE AMERICAN BEADWORK DESIGNS ($14.95)
by Dr. Joyce Mori
AQS, Paducah, KY

Great for anyone interested in this subject matter. Most of the designs in
this book are adapted from beaded objects made by members of Native American
Indian tribes located in five major regions in North America.

BACK TO SQUARE ONE ($17.99)
by Nancy J. Martin
That Patchwork Place 1988

Great book featuring Nancy Martin’s personal quiltmaking techniques (template-
free approach).
—-
She shows how to make what she calls a Square 1, Square
1.5 or Square 2. Square 1 is made of 2 triangles. This is what you need for
Ocean Waves. Square 1.5 is made of one big triangles and 2 little ones. Square
2 is made of 4 little triangles. I am making a huge wall hanging that uses all
of these different squares and it is working wonderfully!

BEST OF THE CLASSIC QUILT SERIES, THE
by Laura Nownes.

This book is chock full of great photos and patterns (and instructions) for
many “classic” quilt designs (cathedral windows and grandmother’s flower garden
to name only two).

BITS AND PIECES, TEXTILE TRADITIONS
by Jeanette Lasansky

This books contains essays/thesis on history and other aspects: the
relationship between late 19th c. dress fabrics & quilt devel., other
fascinating things.

BRAID & CHEVRON UPDATED
by Camille Remme
ME Publications Santa Monica, CA 1993

45 variations of making braid and chevron borders from one traditional pattern.

BLOCKBUSTER QUILTS
by Margaret Miller

An unusual approach to setting odd blocks (i.e., block of the month,
friendship blocks, good bye blocks, or blocks that are not all quite the same
size) into a quilt top. More for the advanced piecer. Very original.

CONWAY ALBUM (I’M NOT FROM BALTIMORE) QUILT
by Irma Gail Hatcher

This is a Baltimore style quilt done in a blue design scheme. Each of
the blocks in her design could be used to make a wonderful quilt of that
block alone. However, the whole quilt is a stunner. It’s the one that
won first place for Innovative Applique, large quilt AND the Founders
Award at the American International Quilt Show in Houston.

COUNTRY QUILTS IN A DAY ($14.95)
by Fran Roen
Sterling Publishing Co, NY 1991

This book uses strip quilting and other speed techniques.
Very simplistic. Good for a person interested in teaching themselves
how to quilt.

COUNTRY QUILTS BY COUNTRY LIVING ($25.00)
Text by Eleanor Levie, Jennifer Place and Mary Seehafer Sears
Hearst Books, New York 1992

More than 10 years worth of Country Living’s favorite country quilts, offering
instructions and pattern pieces for making twenty of them. Over 100 examples
of how quilts can personalize every room in the house, adding color and graphic
impact to any space.

CRIB QUILTS AND OTHER SMALL WONDERS ($29.50)
by Thos. K. Woodward & Blanche Greenstein
Bonanza Books, New York 1988 edition

Lots of colorful quilts.

COMPLETE BOOK OF MACHINE QUILTING, THE
by Robbie and Toby Fanny
(Chilton Needlework Series), 1980

Discusses frame basting on pages 58-65, with ilustrations on pages 60 and 62 of
the materials, the components, the frame set up and in use.

COMPLETE BOOK OF SEMINOLE PATCHWORK, THE ($7.95)
Rush, Beverly with Lassie Wittman
New York: Dover, 1993.

This is the book for anyone interested in Seminole patchwork. I have two other
books on the topic and have seen others at the library–THIS is the one to buy.

—-
It’s a reprint of the 1982 edition which has been out of print for some time.
It’s just $7.95 from I was born and raised in S. Florida and just adore the
Seminole patchwork. This is the first book I’ve seen that’s had something of
an accurate history, too.

QUILT CLIP ART ($10.95)
by Cheryl Petersen
Quiltessence/Fine Publications

It’s a nice little book that has all kinds of sewing-related images, quilt
borders, the word QUILT in various fonts and stylings, little quilts
flying pigs, thimbles and thread.

The nice part about this publisher is that you can order DISKS of
all the clip art (a necessity if you don’t own a scanner!) The clip
art is available for MACs in pict form on 3.5″ disks. It is also
available for the IBM or clone, but you must call or write to them and
give them your graphic requirements.

COLOR WASH WORKBOOK ($12.95)
by Shirley Liby
Graphics Unlimited, 1993

This book is the result of Liby’s creative play and her approach to the process
of color wash through a series of modules that seemed to simplify the whole
idea for her.

I like this book because it is in black and white and, therefore, easier to
separate values. There are also a lot of grids that you can copy and play
around with your own designs.

COLOR CONFIDENCE FOR QUILTERS ($24.95)
by Jinny Beyer
The Quilt Digest Press, 1992

This is Jinny’s color system based on the use of a master palette of fabric
colors that span the spectrum. By following the instructions in this book, you
create your own master palette that you can use as a tool for color choices
for all of your future quilting projects. After creating your own color
palette, you will learn how to create countless color schemes just by taking
small sections of the palette, or by rearranging portions of it.

This book definitely helps you to gain confidence in choosing colors for your
projects.

CONTEMPORARY QUILTS FROM TRADITIONAL DESIGNS ($9.50 used)
by Carolyn L. Mosey
E. P. Dutton Publishers, New York 1988

This book takes a comparative look at the physical changes in the art of
quilting through the years. While the overall appearance of quilts has
changed, many contemporary quiltmakers keep coming back to traditional
patterns. The artists represented in this book share their feelings on the
history of quilting, the direction in which it is going and their viewpoints on
several quilt-related topics.

Interesting. Provides a traditional quilt on one side of the page and a
quilter’s contemporary rendition of the same pattern on the other.

COLLECTOR SCRAP QUILTS
(Book II in the Collector Quilt Series)
by Marti Michell
American School of Needlework, San Marcos, CA 1992

Second book in the collector series that features design inspiration from
antique quilts. Pretty good instructional book.

COLOR AND CLOTH: THE QUILTMAKER’S ULTIMATE WORKBOOK ($19.95)
by Mary Coyne Penders
The Quilt Digest Press, 1989

This is another good “color confidence” book. Underrated, probably because of
Jinny Beyer’s book.

COLOR DESIGN IN PATCHWORK
by Paula Nadelstern
Dover Publications 1991

Explores how color can be used to vary one and the same patchwork
configuration. Depending on the placement of color and the resulting degree of
contrast, different shapes in a pieced pattern are emphasized and visually
linked. Usually some shapes combine to form the main unit of design, while
remaining ones are interpreted as background.

COLORFUL ANGLES
(Triangles, Diamonds & Hexagons With a Contemporary Look)
by Susan Stein
EZ International 1993

This book combines the use of applique, traditional blocks, hand
dyed fabrics and the EZ tools (EZ Angle, Companion Angle, Easy Eight, Easy
Hexagon, Speed grids, trapezoids) to create very contemporary designs. 16
projects. I think this is a good book.

CLUES IN THE CALICO; A Guide to Identifying and Dating
Antique Quilts ($39.95)
by Barbara Brackman.
EPM Publications, 1989.

There are black and white and color pictures and examples and descriptions of
quilts characteristic of different periods. It is one of the best researched
and written quilt books I have encountered, and I have more than 300 books. I
put this in the top ten. Libraries and quilt guilds should have it.

Barbara Brackman also writes articles on quilt history for Quilters Newsletter
magazine. During the past year or so she has been writing about fabrics and how
to date them. I think she has done something on fabrics of the ’40s, ’50s and
later, but I can’t locate the issue at the moment.

EAST QUILTS WEST ($24.95)
by Kumiko Sodo

It is wonderful!!! She has many patterns that have instructions for an
average to advanced quilter. Her patterns are not, on the most part, for the
faint of heart. The best part, is the ideas which spring forth from her many
designs. I very, very seldom use a design, even if given permission – I like
to make my own designe. Her book is an inspiration. I hate to piece curves,
so I have been appliqueing them down on top of the under piece after turning
under the edge. This is how she “pieces” her curves. The book is rich in
color and in interestingly narrated. Her use of color is wonderful.
It is not a cheap book, but I would definitely recommend it.

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF QUILTING TECHNIQUES, THE ($24.95)
by Katherine Guerrier
Running Press, Philadelphia, PA 1994

Excellent book. Colorful. Describes: techniques, block construction (she
gives you step by step instructions on how to make some of the more common
blocks (with color illustrations of each step) rotary cutting, special effects,
applique, quilting, finishing, etc. Toward the back of the book are gorgeous
quilts to truly inspire you.

This is a great reference book, great for beginners but can be used by
seasoned quilters as well. A must for every quilter’s library.

EVERY TRICK IN THE BOOK ($10.00)
by Ami Simms
Mallery Press, Flint, MI 1990

Over 500 tricks, tips, and tidbits for quilters .

EASY MACHINE PAPER PIECING
by Carol Doak
That Patchwork Place

I surrender — I am a believer. I attended a workshop last night on
foundation/paper piecing based on Carol Doak’s book “Easy Machine Paper
Piecing”. It works, by golly, it works. What a treat — and I can turn
out such perfectly precise blocks. It’s wonderful. If you haven’t tried
it, you should — attending a class really helps because you see how it’s
done live.

ESSENTIAL QUILTER, THE
by Barbara Chainey ($29 .95)

A wonderful book. It is a complete course in the lost art of hand quilting. It
covers everything you might need to know, and the clear photos show you how to
hold the needle, etc. The quilts are all Welsh or English, many are
“whole-cloth” (all-quilted) quilts with beautiful feathers, scrolls, etc. Very
inspirational.

FOLK QUILTS AND HOW TO RECREATE THEM ($14.95)
by Audrey & Douglas Wiss
Sterling/Main Street, NY 1990

This book presents a wide selection of traditional designs for the modern
quilter which have been tested over time. They are presented in their original
colors and special configurations. Some date back as far as the 18th century;
others became popular as late as the 1930s. A few are worked in wool or silk;
most are piecd of plain or printed cottons. All were made in America and
display a variety of piecing, applique and quilting techniques.
I like this collection.

FAST PATCH – A TREASURY OF STRIP QUILT PROJECTS ($17.95)
by Anita Hallock
Chilton Book Co., Radnor, PA 1989

This is a very good book for beginners and everyone else. A new strip
technique for making triangles.

Step-by-step instructions. By making a checkerboard and turning it on the
bias, you can learn to cut strips of triangles, opening up a whole range of
traditional blocks like the Ohio Star and sawtooth borders.

FABULOUS FABRICS OF THE 50s (And Other Terrific Textiles of the
20s, 30s, and 40s)
by Gideon Bosker, John Gramstad, Michele Mancini
Chronicle Books, San Francisco.

This one focuses on drape/upholstry fabrics of those years and is great for the
history and wonderful (often weird) color combinations of the fabrics.

FIT TO BE TIED
by Judy Hopkins
That Patchwork Place

There is a whole (wonderful) book of bow tie quilts.

FRIENDSHIP’S OFFERING: Techniques and Inspiration for Writing on Quilts
by Susan McKelvey

Another helpful book for anyone who wants to learn the techniques of writing
on quilts.

GALLERY OF AMERICAN QUILTS: 1860-1989: Book 2
American Quilting Society

If you want inspiration and if only American quilts will do, this is the book!

GALLERY OF AMISH QUILTS, A ($9.95)
(Design Diversity from a Plain People)
by Robert Bishop and Elizabeth Safanda
E.P. Dutton, NY 1976 (first published)

Great collection (150) of Amish quilts in color. Splendid black-and-white
photographs of the Amish people and countryside. Also, a comprehensive
introduction provides the cultural and aesthetic background for viewing
these quilts.

GO WILD WITH QUILTS ($19.95)
by Margaret Rolfe
That Patchwork Place

This book has a lot of North American wildlife — birds, squirrels, owls, black
bears etc.
—-
It uses straightline piecing methods (no inset pieces) to create realistic
looking animals and birds (cardinal, beaver, racoon etc.)

HAPPY ENDINGS
(Finishing the Edges of Your Quilt)
by Mimi Dietrich
That Patchwork Place 1987

Great book for ideas and instructions on finishing your quilt.
This book belongs in every quilter’s collection.

HEIRLOOM MACHINE QUILTING
by Harriet Hargrave

This is probably the best book available on machine quilting.
A must!!

HOW TO DESIGN AND MAKE YOUR OWN QUILTS ($19.95)
by Katharine Guerrier
Mallard Press, 1991

Good book.

HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR QUILTING STITCH
by Ami Simms
Mallery Press, Flint, Michigan

Great instructional book on perfecting hand quilting stitch.

JACKET JAZZ ($21.95)
by Judy Murrah
AQS

One woman in
my guild made a jacket in it and just raved about
the book. She said it was totally lucid, thorough, etc.
—-
This book has a nifty way to make Prairie Points from a strip of fabric. I’ve
tried it for trim on a vest and it was very easy.
—-
This book has 5 wonderful jacket patterns in it. In the book, she shows how to
do 36 different things to put on a jacket. A few will look very familiar to
most quilters such as a strip of flying geese, though making it without cutting
any triangles may be a new technique. Some such as woven prairie points I had
never seen or heard mentioned before, though I know we have mentioned the
standard prairie points before.

JAPANESE QUILTS ($24.95)
by Jill Liddell & Yuko Watanabe
E.P.Dutton, NY 1988

Beautiful collection of Japanese quilts, along with great stories.

MACHINE PIECING & QUILTING (Teach Yourself)
by Debra Wagner
Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA

Beginning with guidelines for choosing a sewing machine, using templates,
selecting and preparing fabrics for quilting; guides you with friendly,
step-by-step instructions.

MY MOTHER’S QUILTS/DESIGNS FROM THE THIRTIES
by Sara Nephew,
That Patchwork Place

I love this one — it really got me into 30s quilts — and it’s my inspiration,
since I just purchased two 30s tops that need batting, backing,etc.

MORE LAP QUILTING
by Georgia Bonesteel

There is an “Offset Maple Leaf” pattern in this book also complete with
templates. This particular block contains one large maple leaf and three little
maple leaves, all pointing in the same direction. Personally, I think she does
one odd thing with this block, namely leveling off the bottom of the leaves.
But that’s easily fixed. And as a definite amateur, I probably shouldn’t be
questioning the wisdom of quilting teacher.

MEMORY QUILTS: DELIGHTFUL WAYS TO CAPTURE TODAY FOREVER
by Nancy Smith and Lynda Milligan

I picked up a couple books to give me ideas when I was designing and
constructing one for my parents’ 50th wedding anniversary.

NEW SAMPLER QUILT, THE
by Diane Leone

I was flipping through this book yesterday and I found what I thought to be a
great tip. She suggests that early in the day (or whenever you have a minute)
to thread a bunch of betweens with quilting thread. That way when you sit down
to quilt, they will all be ready to go, no stopping to thread and knot!

NIFTY NINE PATCHES
by Carolann M. Palmer

If anyone ever thought ninepatches were humdrum, this should change their mind.
This book also has good instructions on quick rotary cutting and piecing
techniques. My two favorites in this book were the Trellis Garden which looks
like a trellis of interlocking rings with a bright flower garden growing
through it and Morning Dew which I would have called Mideastern Fruit Salad. If
anyone knows the name and maker of the brightly colored fruit fabric used in
this example, I would love to know.

NINE PATCH WONDERS
by Blanche Young and Helen Young Frost
First Star publishers, Tucson, Arizona 1991

Shows what can be done with a nine patch block (interesting color plays,
optical illusions, three dimensional woven effects).

The best of traditional designs as well as some original variations. Some
quilts are made with all Nine Patch blocks; others combine the pieced blocks
with background blocks. Others are variations on the Double Nine Patch design,
where pieced blocks are joined with plain squares to form large Nine Patch
blocks. Combining the 9Patch with other shapes, such as rectangles or
triangles, creates even more variations.

NEW QUILTING AND PATCHWORK DICTIONARY, THE ($12.95)
by Goldberg, Rhoda Ochser
New York: Crown, 1988.

This should be in EVERY quilter’s library. It has 1,740 illustrations, which
includes all the “classics” of our repetoire plus many charming original
designs (a baby bottle block, international signal flags, a pieced panda,
etc.)All black and white illustrations, but so comprehensive most people won’t
even notice!

NEW JERSEY QUILTS 1777 to 1950
by the Heritage Quilt Project of New Jersey

I have a number of state-oriented quilt history books and this one, which
focuses more on the quilts than the makers, I find to be outstanding.

ON TO SQUARE TWO ($17.49)
by Marsha McCloskey
That Patchwork Place, Bothell, WA 1992

Thirty pieced block designs that contain the Square Two unit (a continuation of
Back to Square One) and related bias strip-pieced units. Also contains a how
to section on the construction details of bias strip piecing half-square units
(Square One), quarter-square units (Square Two) and two other related pieced
units. General instructions for machine piecing and rotary cutting are
provided in the back of the book.

ONE-OF-A-KIND QUILTS
(Simple Steps to Individual Quilts) ($16.95)
by Judy Martin
That Patchwork Place 1989

One-of-a-Kind Quilts are structured scrap quilts–everyday quilts that feature
a planned theme or focal area surrounded by blocks made in a variety of
patterns, with the overall design developing as the piece is made.

This book takes you step-by-step through the theme blocks and the background
blocks, covering everything from cutting and construction techniques to the
creative decisions that are made along the way. Suggestions for completing the
quilts are included. Master templates and quick-cutting information for the
background blocks are provided toward the end of the book. An excellent book.

PAINLESS BORDERS
by Sally Schneider

This book presents 16 cleverly designed quilts and borders in which the border
is pieced along with the quilt. My favorite is the twisted ribbon border
which looks like a double sided twisted ribbon cascading along the border.
She provides lots of suggestions for clever and fast cutting/piecing.

PATCHWORK PATTERNS ($18.95)
Jinny Beyer
EPM Publications, Inc., McLean, VA 1979

This book is written for those who have an interest in using traditional
geometric designs or a desire to create their own original motifs.

It explains in a systematic manner a method of drafting patterns which has, in
large, been put aside, and about which no comprehensive book has been written.
She also explains a few simple drafting techniques which are particularly
useful in making geometric designs.

PATCHWORK PLANNER, THE: 350 Original Designs for Traditional Patchwork $27.95
by Birte Hilberg, 1993
David & Charles, Brunel House, Newton, Abbot, Devon.

She did seven years in research and development, using a specially devised
computer program (help from her husband), and presents 350 new designs, using
combinations of these simple blocks. “This collection provides a rich source
of fresh and original ideas to delight all patchworkers, and all designers who
use geometric patterns.”

I found it very interesting and expect to read it again and again, and will use
it when attempting to design quilts of my own using Adobe Illustrator. She has
come up with figures, circular designs, lots in color, lots in black and white
that could be colored in wonderful ways. She presents her “Tile Library,” which
could easily be duplicated on the computer (so you could manipulate your own).
The blocks/tiles are simple. She hand pieces, but most can be machine pieced
easily.

Lots of ideas for developing one’s own original designs.

PATTERN PLAY: CREATING YOUR OWN QUILTS ($24.95)
by Doreen Speckmann
C & T Publishing, Lafayette, California 1993
(Not for beginners)

Introduces you to an easy and fun way to design your own blocks on graph paper,
then put those blocks into interesting quilt designs. Discusses fabric
selection and the techniques necessary for turning graph paper quilts into real
ones. Provides scale drawings and photos of some of her favorite quilts,
complete with yardages and size-change options.
——
Down to earth, easy-to-understand method to making your own designs.
Excellent, excellent book. She writes with a sense of humour and
shows loads of examples to get you thinking. It’s an excellent back
door entrance to a more “creative” side of quilting for those technician
types who don’t think they “have” creativity.

PATTERN ON PATTERN
by Ruth McDowell

This is an excellent book.

PRECISION PIECED QUILTS USING THE FOUNDATION METHOD
by Jane Hall and Dixie Haywood

I like this book because it offers a good history, well-described theory and
practical examples of piecing on a variety of foundations. It’s well
written and very nicely illustrated with b&w photos, color plates and
instructional line drawings.

PIECES OF THE PAST
by Nancy Martin
That Patchwork Place

PLAIN AND SIMPLE
by Sue Bender

She tells of her fascination with the vibrant colors and stunning geometric
simplicity of the Amish quilts. The quilts “spoke directly to me…they went
straight to my heart.” I highly recommend the book. It was after reading her
book that I started learning how to quilt.

PATCHWORK QUILTS TO MAKE FOR CHILDREN
by Margaret Rolfe
Sterling Publishing Co. Inc. New York

I can attest to both of these books as great sources for easily
pieced animal blocks. The GO WILD book was a great hit when we
had it for the book draw at our guild meeting. It contains 14
North American Animals (racoon, beaver, ducks etc).
—-
My favorite for children. This book hasas a whole zoo, patterns for many
dinosaurs, farm animals, etc. In my opinion they are more fun than
traditional blocks and make finding naturalistic fabrics fun too.

PAINLESS PATCHWORK ($14.95)
by Rosemary Donoughue
Sally Milner Publishing, Australia 1991

Quick modern methods for traditional quilts. This is a very good book for
making the quilts. Instructions are very easy to follow. Great for beginners.

No color.

QUILTS: Identification and Price Guide
by Liz Greenbacker and Kathleen Barach. ($14.00 paper).

(340 pages). This book include such topics as: why collect quilts, how to start
a collection, history of quilts and quilting, dating a quilt (about30 pages
devoted to this chapter), condition, workmanship, repair and finishing,
care/cleaning/storage/display, trends in the marketplace, and seven chapters
under the heading of PRICE LISTINGS, such as antique pieced quilts,
contemporary quilts, art quilts, African American quilts.

QUILTING BY MACHINE ($19.95)
Singer
Cy DeCosse Inc., Minnesota 1990

Beginner’s book. (not machine quilting). Quite pictorial. Instructions are
very easy to follow.

Can be used as a learning tool if you are sewing your first quilt or as a
reference if you have had quilting experience. The piecing, applique, and
quilting techniques that are included in this book are quick, easy machine
methods. If more than one technique is shown, the easier technique is first.

QUILTS AND QUILTING ($17.95)
by Threads magazine
The Taunton Press, 1991

Series of articles drawn from the first 35 issues of Threads magazine, more
than two dozen master quiltmakers share their ideas and techniques.

Great collection!

QUILTS AMONG THE PLAIN PEOPLE
by Rachel T. Pellman and Joanne Ranck
Good Books, Lancaster, PA 1981

Very good study of the amish and their quilts

QUILTING & PATCHWORK DICTIONARY ($12.95)
by Rhoda Ochser Goldberg
1988 Crown Publishers, Inc.

Good reference book.

QUILTING AND INFLUENCES ($29.95)
by Nancy Crow
AQS, Paducah, KY

Nancy, with the help of lots of pictures, explains how she uses her
instinctive eye for color and design to create quilt art. 256 pages offer
more than 300 photos, most in full color arangement showing Nancy’s use
of color and unusual fabrics. She also talks about her family and how
they influenced her life as far as quilting is concerned.

Good coffee table book.

QUILTS SEW QUILT
by Nancy J. Smith and Lynda Milligan

This is the one that has the Ivy Trellis Pattern in it that I asked about on
QuiltNet last fall and noone could find the pattern for. It has a number of
other interesting patterns in it for large print fabrics.

QUILT ALMANAC 19xx
by Oxmoor House

These are some of my favorites too. The quilts range from very simple
to very difficult. The patterns are good and I enjoy the biographies.
There’s a chapter each year on group quilts or guild quilts and someday
I expect I’ll see a QuiltNet quilt featured there!

QUILT STORIES
by Cecilia Macheski, editor
Lexington: The University of Kentucky Press, 1994.

This wonderful book is a collection of poems, short stories, and other prose
works by various authors over the past 150-200 years, all dealing somehow with
quilts and quilting. The book is divided into 5 sections (“blocks”), each
named for specific quilt blocks: Memory Blocks (“Stories of Remembrance and
Meaning”), Double Wedding Ring (“Stories of Community and Courtship”), Radical
Rose (“Stories of Struggle and Change”), Wheel of Mystery (“Stories of Murder
and Mystery”), and Old Maid’s Ramble (“Stories of Age and Wisdom”). The
introduction explains the blocks and the stories a bit, and the editor explains
how quilting provided an important link in literature written by women
(although there are a couple of selections from male authors).

QUILTING WITH STYLE ($24.95)
by Marston & Cunningham

I would like to list a book that several people in my guild highly recommend as
a “every quilter must have” book.

QUILTING BY DESIGN
by Marston and Cunningham

Linda asked about how to arrive at quilting designs. I had many of the same
questions, and kept looking for the right book to answer them. This book does
so. I highly recommend it.

QUICK COUNTRY QUILTS
by Debbie Mumm

Very explicit instructions using quick piecing methods, well laid out book,
lots of photos and diagrams. Apples, leaves, cows, sewing machines, sheep,
cats, bunnies, tulips, hearts, houses, etc etc all in the “country” style.
—-
This book has lots of “cute” small projects that are relatively easy to make.
I made the “Alley Cats” as a going away present a few years ago and the
recipient loved it.

QUILTMAKER’S GUIDE: Basics and Beyond
by Carol Doak

There is a neat pieced maple leaf pattern in this book. It shows four standard
pieced maple leaves set in a block so that each maple leaf is pointing towards
a different corner.

QUILT PROJECTS BY MACHINE
by Singer, 1992

There is a small section on Bow Ties (about a half doz or so pages) in this
book. It shows several arrangements: traditional, zigzag, octagonal,
staggered.
There are a couple of neat arrangements using color (oh, no, I’m starting
to write “American”!) gradations, as well as scrap, necktie fabrics and
amish colours. It gives a couple of ideas for borders and sashings as well.

QUILT A KOALA
by Margaret Rolfe.
Sterling Publishing

Another fun book. This one has patterns for pieced blocks featuring native
Austrailian birds and animals.

QUILTER’S PATTERN WORKBOOK ($12.95)
by Kristin Olsen

This book has templates for the bow tie block and demonstrates how the block
can be arranged with different colors at least 10 times. I’ve yet to read the
book in detail, but she does this with many patterns and it looks really neat!

QUILTER’S GUIDE TO ROTARY CUTTING, THE ($17.95)
by Donna Poster
Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA 1991

Good technical reference book on rotary speed cutting ; Over 1,000 speed-cut
shapes.

QUILTER’S COLOR WORKBOOK: Unlimited Designs from
Easy-to-Make Quilt Blocks ($12.95)
by Kirstin Olsen
Sterling Publishing Co., INc., New York 1990

For a beginner: shows multiple color combinations for a number of quilt
patterns; provides ten or twenty starting points. Lots of quilt blocks in a
variety of color combinations: pinwheel, ohio star, chimney sweep, mosaic,
triangles, wrench, double-nine patch, rabbit’s paw, bow-tie, hexagon, pineapple
log cabin, log cabin, lone star, tumbling blocks, and irish chain.

Also provides piecing instructions for each block.

QUICK & EASY QUILTMAKING ($26.95)
by Mary Hickey, Nancy J. Martin, Marsha McCloskey and Sara Nephew
That Patchwork Place, 1993

This book introduces cutting techniques originated by each of the authors.
Teaches the authors’ special techniques for making quilts with a variety of
triangular shapes. Organized for easy use. Good for a beginner. 26 projects
featuring speedy cutting and piecing methods

Tips are presented on various pages throughout the book to help clarify a
technique or to teach a fast (er) way to do something. This book worth it just
for the tips presented throughout.

QUILTS! QUILTS!! QUILTS!!! ($21.95)
The Complete Guide to Quiltmaking
by Diana McClun and Laura Nownes
The Quilt Digest Press, 1988

Great book.

Includes patterns that beginning quiltmakers can complete successfully, as well
as designs an experienced quiltmaker will enjoy working with. Popular and
traditional patterns–and all the instructions for the techniques required to
make them.

The patterns are arranged in a progressive sequence, incorporating new designs
and utilizing more difficult techniques as you move from the simpler patterns
to the more complex. Some patterns require more precise work than others, but
with careful work all can be completed by the quiltmaker who begins with the
simpler patterns, moving onward as experience warrants.

QUILTS, QUILTS, AND MORE QUILTS
by McClun and Nownes.

This book is just as good as their first book (see above).

QUILTER’S ALBUM OF BLOCKS AND BORDERS
Jinny Beyer

Great black and white illustrations of blocks to give you ideas for blocks and
the shading of the blocks. (re: black and white quilts).

ROMANCE OF THE PATCHWORK QUILT IN AMERICA, THE
by Hall and Kretsinger

(answer to question on pattern for Seven Sisters) Thi book has a picture of a
“Seven Stars” block on p. 54 that appears to be a similar, if not identical,
pattern.

RADIANT STAR
by Eleanor Burns
Quilt in a Day Series 1990

Good book for making stars.

ROTARY ROUNDUP
Judy Hopkins & Nancy Martin
That Patchwork Place

Both books (Rotary Riot below) have about 40 color prints of quilts. These
quilts are made from traditional block patterns and have instructions for
rotary cutting and quick piecing. Nancy Martin owns the publishing company
that published these two books.
—-
I had Rotary Riot, so I had to buy this one too and I’m not one bit sorry. I
love to get ideas and inspiration from these books and this one is full of
great colors,beautiful quilts. Their books are the only ones I use when I need
to make bias binding as it shows the flat cut method. The only times I tried
to do the continuous circle, it ends up in a mess.

ROTARY RIOT: 40 Fast & Fabulous Quilts ($21.95)
by Judy Hopkins and Nancy J. Martin
That Patchwork Place 1991

The authors of this book take 40 traditional blocks that appeal to many
quiltmakers and adapted their construction to template-free techniques. Begins
with Nancy’s basic review of rotary-cutting techniques and information on
multi-fabric quilts. The pattern section includes step-by-step directions for
forty favorite quilts, all clearly illustrated and written in a Template-Free
format. Some of the patterns feature bias squares, some cut with 8″ Bias
Square and several use simple strip-piecing techniques. The patterns are
graded with symbols as to difficulty (beginner, intermediate, advanced). Judy
has written a section on Finishing Your Quilt and has included some of the
overall repeat quilting patterns for which she is known. Also included is
information on crow footing, utility quilting and other tacking techniques.

REMEMBER ME; Women and their Friendship Quilts
Lipsett, Linda Otto.
San Francisco, Quilt Digest Press, 1985.
Pb, 140 p, col & b/w ill.

One of the very best quilt books ever Linda Otto Lipsett began with her own
collection of 19th century friendship quilts. Her book tells the stories of
eight women and eight quilts made between 1840 and 1895. Many of the stories
are sad stories of leaving family and comfortable homes in the East to
undertake arduous journeys in pursuit of new homes in the West. Using letters,
diaries, interviews and the quilts themselves the author unfolds the everyday
lives of eight real women, following them from youth to old age. Photos show
the women, their families, their homes, and especially their quilts. The
excellent color photographs show full quilts, details of blocks, signatures
and ornaments, and the best close-ups of 19th century fabrics I have seen.
There are also pictures of other typical friendship quilts, patterns for three
quilts prepared by Laura Nownes, and complete references and bibliography.

SMALL AMISH QUILT PATTERNS
by Rachel Pellman
Good Books, Intercourse, PA 1985

Patterns for making small amish quilts.

STRIP QUILTING ($14.95)
by Diane Wold
TAB Books, Div. of McGraw Hill 1987

I love this little book. It’s perfect for those who are into piecing and
repiecing (seminole patchwork take off). It’s very easy to follow.

It contains complete instructions, including diagrams, cutting instructions,
and a shopping list, for each of the projects illustrated. Pointers are given
for modifying projects, for adapting patterns from other sources and for
creating your own designs.

SIGNS AND SYMBOLS: African Images in African-American Quilts ($24.00)
by Maude Southwell Wahlman
Studio Books in association with Museum of American Folk Art, New York

This book introduces the art of African-American quiltmaking to the general
public. Her thesis is that most African-American quiltmaking derives its
aesthetic from various African traditionsk, both technological and ideological.

Provides an abundance of detailed information on African textiles, the history
of quiltmaking in India, Europe and the Americas and extensive interviews with
quilters.

Excellent.

SCRAP QUILTS
by Judy Martin
Moon Over the Mountain Publishing, Wheatridge, Colo 1985

Techniques plus patterns old and new for making quiltsa from collected fabrics.
Very nice, colorful quilts. I bought this book because I saw her quilt
“Tennessee Waltz” on display at the Great American Quilt Festival 1993 in New
York (quilt on page 60).

SHORTCUTS: A Concise Guide to Rotary Cutting
by Donna Thomas
That Patchwork Place, Bothell, WA 1991

Basic quick-cutting techniques plus a number of techniques that are expansions
of the basics.

SASHIKO FOR MACHINE SEWING
by Janet K. Rostocki
Summa Design

These designs are cleverly constructed so that they can be continuously
sewn on the machine. Five classic designs are included and 8 new designs.
They could all be handsewn if you wanted to do that. Each is given in
two sizes.

SENSATIONAL SETTINGS
(Over 80 ways to arrange your quilt blocks) ($9.95)
by Joan Hanson
That Patchwork Place 1993

Good book offering a lot of ideas/suggestions for arranging quilt blocks.

SPEED CUTS
by Donna Poster
Chilton for the Creative Machine Arts Series.

In it there are 1200 quilt blocks (although I would say that there
are only 500 designs but each can be constructed in one of three
sizes 10″ 12″ and 14″). Also, there is a quilt layout section that
shows how many blocks you will need for each size quilt depending on
whether you are putting the blocks together on point, straight set,
with lattice or any combination of these.

Of course, also included is a yardage chart based on the templates to
be used. And the templates themselves are in the back, numbered.

Note: Blocks are all in black and white.

STRIPS THAT SIZZLE
by Margaret Miller

My first B&W quilt was made using this book. It is a book primarily meant for
working in color, but I thought the technique worked extraordinarily well for
black and white. I believe that almost any quilt pattern could be used if you
watch your placement as to shading.

SMALL TALK
by Donna Thomas
That Patchwork Place.

I am very impressed with the progressive directions (from easiest to more
difficult) they are easy to follow and the pictures were inspiring. I would
highly recommend it.

SETS & BORDERS
by Marston & Cunningham, AQS

I have had this book a long time. It has lots of good photos, border ideas and
charts for planning them. I have found it inspirational and helpful.
—-
Wonderful color photos of quilts with comments about their settings/borders.
Also, a good look at how different borders can change a quilt. Finally,
patterns and ideas for a variety of borders. Really stimulatd my thinking and
I’m looking forward to trying some of the ideas.
—-
This’un shows lots’n’lots of possible ways to set blocks, and also a goodly
number of border possibilities. There are several cases where the book shows
essentially the same blocks in more than one quilt, but the borders and/or
setting vary. It’s one I use as an imagination trigger when I need to decide
on a border.

SENSATIONAL SCRAP QUILTS
by Darra Duffy Williamson

I like this book, particularly the section on selecting fabrics for scrap
quilts. I used her idea of making a reference card of all the colors in the
quilt (you take a small piece of each and organize them on a card in a
continuous line from light to dark, ignoring color) and it worked a treat on a
planned scrap quilt I made using about 40 pinks and greys.

QNM did a review and hated it, they said there was nothing new in it. I think
it is well laid out and gives you lots to think about.
—-
I learned a lot from this book. First, I discovered D.D. Williamsons theory of
the “Maverick” block in quilts using repeating blocks! That has helped me to
add more fun and excitement to my quilts. It also has a section on color use
and drafting patterns. I find I go back and read this book over and over.
Wonderful!

STAR QUILTS ($20)
by Mary Elizabeth Johnson
Clarkson Potter Publishers

Good collection of star quilts.
—-
I like this book. She is well organized and gives you some good photos and
directions. Haven’t tried anything from it yet. (I got it from a closeout
catalog for under $10. It’s a good deal at that price. Not sure if I’d pay
$20 for it though.)

TEXTILE DESIGNS ($65.00)
Susan Meller and Joost Elffers
AQS, Paducah, KY

This book is expensive but worth it if you are a fabric collector. This book
has some introductory discussion of the the production of types of textiles,
and then the rest is color plates of examples from a collection that has over
5,000,000 “fabrics of the common man” – not the fancy brocades, etc., but
paisleys, calicoes, leaves and foliage, conversationals, block prints, and on,
and on – the kind of stuff that many of us in our quilts.
——
Most of its 461 pages are filled with excellent color pictures (1,823
illustrations in color) of fabrics we’d all like to have. Color reproduction is
good and the pictures are large so that you can see the pattern detail. My only
serious criticism of the book is that reproductions are not all full-size or
even to the same scale. Page layout seems to have dictated the scale of
reproduction, and on the same page there are illustrations at 50%, 68% and 70%
full size, on other pages 27%, 100%, 120% and 150%. I suppose we should
appreciate the indication of scale included for each sample.

Although the book is expensive, it is not overpriced for a large format
art book with full-color illustrations on good quality paper. It has a
sewn binding and is very sturdily put together.

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLIQUE & EMBROIDERY ($24.95)
by Anita Shackelford

A beautiful book!!
For those of you interested in these two subjects this is a
wonderful book. Good instructions, illustrations and patterns.
It is hard back, 151 glossy pages and 9-1/4 x 12-1/4 in size

THREE-DIMENSIONAL DESIGN ($18.95)
by Katie Pasquini
C&T Publishing, Lafayette, CA 1988

Detailed discussion of how to make objects appear three-dimensional.
Lots of her quilts (in color).

TENDER LOVING COVERS
by Toni Phillips and Juanita Simonich

This is a WONDERFUL book of children’s quilts with great designs,
mostly pieced. They are crib/wall quilt size but there is no reason
they could not be incorporated into a large quilt, if you wish. One
quilt is called Wheels & More Wheels and has a tow truck, fire
engine, ambulance, and police car, so it is not strictly trucks. In
addition to this, there are the following: Astronaut, farm, cowboy,
circus, zoo, christmas, a school quilt.

TAKING THE MATH OUT OF MAKING PATCHWORK QUILTS ($6.95)
by Bonnie Leman & Judy Martin
Leman Publications 1981

Charts, tables, measurements, sizes, facts, figures, and helpful information
for planning quilts. A must for every quilter.

TWENTY LITTLE PATCHWORK QUILTS
by Gwen Marston and Joe Cunningham
Dover Publications, NY 1990

Miniatures quilts. Includes templates and quilting designs

TEMPLATES FOR 171 NINE-PATCH QUILT BLOCKS
by Rita Weiss
American School of Needlework 1989

Good book of 9-patch blocks in 10, 12 and 14 inch sizes

TIPS FOR QUILTERS
by Rachel Pellman
Good Books, Intercourse, PA 1993

A handbook of hints, shortcuts, and practical suggestions from experienced
quilters.
—–
This is a great book full of all sorts of useful ideas. BUT don’t read
it at bedtime or you will quilt ALL night long and not get any sleep!!! I
recommend this book.

TWENTIETH CENTURY QUILTS 1900-1950
by Thos. K. Woodard & Blanche Greenstein

TIMELESS TREASURES, A Complete Guide to Rotary Cutting
by Nancy Johnson-Srebo
RCW Publishing

Nancy’s instructions are clear and concise, and she shows readers how
to cut almost any shape, while using your rotary cutter and ruler. Also
included are instructions for specific 6″, 8″, and 10″ blocks.
—-
I have found the info in this book really helpful. She goes through how to cut
a number of pieces: trapezoids, parallelograms, hexagrams, octograms, etc. The
nice thing about the book, too, is that she shows you how to do it for right
handed or left handed cutters. There is also a section in the book for those
who use metric measurements.
—-
I find [this book] indispensable. She gives clear instructions and
illustrations to cut any shape with the rotary cutter. Both right and left
handed illustrations are given. In the middle of the book there is a chart
for adding on seam allowances to any shape. It gives both the English and
Metric measurements. There are also good directions on pressing.

The last part of the book has color photos of blocks and complete directions
for them including cutting, sewing, and pressing. She includes which direction
to press the seams. (It was great help to me when I was beginning to make
blocks for the first time.) My only complaint was that there were a couple of
mistakes in the placement of the color photos to the directions. Some of them
didn’t match but were found somewhere else in the book.

BTW, I took the book to a printer and had them put a spiral binding on it so
that it lays flat and stays open when I am using it.

ULTIMATE BOOK OF QUILT BLOCK PATTERNS, THE
by Judy Martin
Crosley-Griffith Publishing 1988

Excellent book, lots of of various sizes.
—-
This book is my most favorite, and most used, of all time.

WALL QUILTS
by Marsha McCloskey
That Patchwork Place, Bothell, WA

A step-by-step guide on how to make wall hangings that will add bold and
beautiful accents of folk art design to many areas throughout the home. It
contains complete instructions and full-size pattern pieces for creating ten
wall quilts based on traditional pieced designs, several of them with matching
patchwork pillows. Directed to both beginning and advanced quilters, it
includes detailed instructions on all special techniques involved, from
template making, machine-piecing, and hand-quilting to mounting and hanging.

WATERCOLOR QUILTS ($24.95)
by Pat Maixner Magaret & Donna Ingram Slusser
That Patchwork Place, Bothell, WA 1993

Great instructional book on making watercolor quilts.

WORKING IN MINIATURE ($15.95)
by Becky Schaefer
C&T Publishing, Layayette, CA 1987

A machine piecing approach to miniature quilts.
Good book.

The Most Commonly Asked Questions About Building Loudspeaker Enclosures

THE MOST COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT BUILDING ENCLOSURES

Many JBL users build their own loudspeaker enclosures. Their audio
skills range widely from novice to expert. From the thousands of
letters and calls we have received addressing the subject of
loudspeaker enclosure construction, we have determined the most common
questions and present the following Questions and Answers. The
particular questions listed attempt to answer as many questions as we
feel are necessary to provide enough information to build an enclosure
which will allow your JBL loudspeaker to operate to its potential. The
questions selected here concentrate on vented “bass reflex” enclosures,
since low frequency horns are fairly complex, and many good tested
designs exist. Also, it is often more econonomical to buy a bass horn
enclosure than to build one. Vented box enclosures are by far the most
popular enclosure type. Vented boxes are finding increasing use by
touring sound companies, displacing existing horn enclosure designs
because of the greater low frequency power output and extended low
frequency capability they offer when used in arrays. In addition to
their simple design requirements, vented loudspeaker enclosures offer
flexibility of design in shape, weight and component complement, and
usually produce the best results obtainable from modern loudspeaker
drivers at the lowest cost.

[1]
Q: What makes a good vented enclosure?

A: Basically, an enclosure serves to partition the front and rear of
the driver’s cone, preventing the opposing air pressure changes
produced by cone motion from cancelling, and allowing the radiation of
sound from the front of the driver only. In addition, vented
enclosures allow the compressibility of the air inside the enclosure to
work as a more active part of the “system” consisting of driver and
enclosure. Beyond these two basic functions, a low frequency
loudspeaker enclosure should do absolutely nothing, that is, it should
add no effects of its own–no vibration, no tonality, no motion–
nothing to interfere with or absorb acoustic energy produced by the
driver.

[2]
Q: Is it possible to get low, punchy bass from a small enclosure?

A: Yes, if the driver in the enclosure is designed for low bass
operation in a small enclosure. Unfortunately, it’s usually a small
driver that can work properly in a small enclosure, and that dictates
that lower sound levels will result from the small amount of air such a
small driver can move. Larger boxes (with larger bass drivers) produce
more bass, smaller boxes produce less bass. It’s a fact of life, like
the fact that it takes a bass viol, a tuba, longer piano strings, or
very large organ pipes to produce bass energy in the air. Low bass
requires that more air move, and bigger boxes contain more air that can
be put to work making low bass.

[3]
Q: Can I get more bass from my enclosure by installing a bigger driver?

A: A given enclosure will not automatically produce more bass when a
larger driver is installed, in fact the opposite is often the result.

[4]
Q: What about putting two drivers in the enclosure to increase bass?

A: Placing two bass drivers in an enclosure designed for one will
usually produce less bass and more midrange output, and will upset the
operation of the driver-enclosure system because each driver will
behave as though it is installed in an enclosure which has only half
the internal volume of the original enclosure (with one driver).

[5]
Q: What should I do to use two drivers (for more bass)?

A: There are two alternative possibilities. When using two identical
drivers, you can build an enclosure with twice the internal volume of
the original enclosure that contained one driver, or you can duplicate
the original enclosure and stack the two. As the latter alternative
suggests, when building the double enclosure, it’s necessary to treat
the enclosure as if it were two enclosures–you must double the porting
used on the single smaller enclosure–although it is not necessary to
divide the volume of the double enclosure unless two different driver
models (e.g. E130 and E155) are used and their interaction would be
undesirable. A usable example of this might be a 227 liter (8 cubic
foot) enclosure divided into two chambers so that the E130 occupies 57
liters (2 cubic feet) and the E155 occupies 170 liters (6 cubic feet).
In this case, the ports tuning either chamber to the same desired
frequency will be quite different.

[6]
Q: What does port or enclosure “tuning” mean?

A: In exactly the same way the resonant note from a bottle can be
raised and lowered by adding or pouring out liquid to change the
bottle’s air volume, enclosure tuning is affected by the ratio of air
volumes in the port (the bottleneck) with its attendant flow
resistance, and the enclosure interior volume. Tuning of loudspeaker
enclosures is a result of manipulating the differences in effective air
mass between the enclosure interior and the air in the port. The
bottle-like nature of a vented enclosure is known as a “Helmholtz
resonator.” The ports or ducts in a vented enclosure work only over a
narrow band of frequencies near the chosen tuned frequency, producing
the same effect noted when blowing across a bottleneck–a single
distinct pitch.

[7]
Q: Is it always necessary to use a port for good bass?

A: JBL uses vented enclosure designs because they are superior to
sealed enclosure designs in several important ways–as long as it is
possible to tightly control the loudspeaker driver parameters in
manufacturing as JBL does. Vented designs produce lower distortion at
the lowest operating frequencies, afford the driver protection against
mechanically destructive large cone excursion, and better enable the
driver to absorb and utilize its full power rating from an amplifier
when operating at low frequencies. It is important to keep in mind
that porting and tuning an enclosure provides air loading for the bass
driver down to frequencies just below the Helmholtz frequency, but does
not provide any loading for the driver at frequencies below that, such
as subsonic turntable rumble, record warp or microphone wind pickup.
If you intend to operate a sound system at high power levels, we highly
recommend an electronic high-pass filter to eliminate subsonic input to
the power amplifier(s). This will substantially increase the available
useful power from the amplifier which will then only operate in the
audible frequency range. Such a filter is the UREI model 501 Sub Sonic
Processor, or the built-in sub-sonic switches of the JBL Electronic
Frequency Dividing Network model 5234A.

[8]
Q: Where should I locate the port(s) with respect to the woofer?

A: Bass reflex enclosures are usually designed to tune from about 100
hertz and down. The length of sound waves at these low frequencies is
over 11 feet, so port placement is not critical. Ports may be located
anywhere on the baffle with no change in bass performance; some designs
even locate ports on the back of the enclosure which works well as long
as the enclosure is not close to a wall (a couple of port diameters
away) and there is an unobstructed air path between the woofer and the
port. Overall, it’s safest to locate the port somewhere on the baffle
with the woofer(s) far enough away from side walls to avoid interaction
between port and enclosure wall or the fiberglass insulation on the
wall.

[9]
Q: What should the ducts be made of? Is round better than rectangular?

A: Port ducts may be made of anything rigid, such as paper cardboard
with about a 1.5 mm (1/16″) or larger wall thickness. They can be any
shape, square or rectangular (such that port area remains constant) and
made of wood or other suitable material. It is not necessary to use
PVC pipe for port tubing, particularly when most carpet stores throw
away large amounts of heavy carboard tubing of between 3 and 4-1/2
inches inside diameter.

[10]
Q: What is the relationship of duct length to port area?

A: When port area is increased, independently of other factors,
enclosure tuning is raised. If duct length is increased, independently
of other factors, enclosure tuning is lowered. To keep the same tuning
(Helmholtz frequency) you will need to increase duct length as you
increase port area.

[11]
Q: How big should the port be?

A: The bigger, the better. Any port causes some resistance to air
movement, and so introduces unavoidable losses in output to the system
as a whole. The ratios of port area and length and enclosure volume
determine the Helmholtz frequency tuning. Mechanical reactance
elements, stiffness and air mass, control the effective air mass
ratios. At very low operating levels, where air in the port does not
move very fast, a small short port will behave the same as a large
longer port as far as enclosure tuning is concerned. At high power
levels however, the restricted air flow of the smaller port will
produce output level losses, some de-tuning and at high enough levels a
small port will cause the enclosure to behave like a sealed enclosure
with little or no contribution from the port. To minimize resistive
losses, the largest practical port should be used. Computer listings
of port choices calculated to limit air velocity inside the port duct
will list duct sizes which are normally impractical. A 380 mm (15 in)
diameter port is not an unreasonable choice for a 380 mm bass driver,
however the necessary length would dictate that such a port might
itself have a volume of many cubic feet, sometimes equal to or larger
than the original enclosure. A good rule of thumb would be to avoid
ports whose circular area is smaller than at least 1/3 the diameter of
the driver such as a 127 mm (5 in) diameter port for a 380 mm (15 in)
driver. This will usually provide sufficient port area so that the
port will not “whistle” when the system is operated at high power
levels near the helmholtz frequency–a sure indication of severe system
losses and potential power compression and low-frequency output
limiting.

[12]
Q: Can I use several smaller ports instead of one big one?

A: Yes, however there is a phenomenon associated with air resistance
resulting from air drag on the internal surfaces of port ducts and
turbulence at the ends of the ports that requires a duct length
correction when several ports are used. For example, when using four
100 mm (4 in) tubes instead of one 200 mm (8 in) tube (which has the
same port area but one-quarter the internal surface area), the length
needed will be slightly less than that needed for the single 200 mm
tube, perhaps 5% to 10% less, depending on overall enclosure volume.
These effects exhibited by port ducts is exaggerated by proximity of
the duct to enclosure interior surfaces or any other type of boundary
that may cause air turbulence near the end of the duct, therefore it’s
important to keep duct ends away from the rear of the cabinet or other
obstructions by an amount at least equivalent to or larger than the
dimension across the port. If you are using a rectangular port that
has as one of its sides, an enclosure wall, you might have to use some
correction.

[13]
Q: Is there a simple mathematical way of designing proper enclosures?

A: Yes, a JBL scientist, D.B. Keele Jr., simplified the work of A.
Neville Thiele and Dr. Richard Small so that anyone with a pocket
calculator and a ruler or straight edge can design the right enclosure
volume and choose the right port or duct for a given loudspeaker
driver. JBL offers, at no cost, a four-page “kit” containing detailed
step by step instructions, written specifically for non-mathematicians,
showing how to use published Thiele-Small driver parameters in
enclosure design. Examples are shown with their results graphically
represented. An enclosure design flow chart and enclosure venting
nomograph are included.

[14]
Q: Should the enclosure’s baffle be removable?

A: This is a question of mechanical strength and rigidity. All
enclosures, particularly those intended for rough portable use, should
be constructed with all sides permanently fixed by glue and screws, and
sealed air-tight by virtue of well cut and glued joints. It is
preferable to mount loudspeakers from the front of the baffle board to
eliminate the possiblity of reflections from the inside of the
loudspeaker mounting hole, thus it becomes unnecessary to provide for
removing the baffle. Woofer openings are usually large enough to reach
through in order to work inside the box, for example, to install other
components.

[15]
Q: Is there a preferred shape for loudspeaker enclosures?

A: There are a number of shapes that improve performance and some that
cause distinct degradation in performance. For single, full-range
drivers (e.g. JBL’s LE8T) a sphere is the ideal shape for an enclosure
because the curved surfaces avoid the diffraction effects of cabinet
edges, which bend sound waves in a manner dependent on frequency. For
multi-way loudspeaker systems, spheres are usually impractical because
of the large size needed and because of the precise orientation
required for optimal listening. Conventional enclosures work best
mounted flush into a wall where diffraction is controlled by virtue of
the wall surface, and for free-standing enclosures, tilting, angled and
curving surfaces may be employed to help reduce or control edge
diffraction. The overall shape of the enclosure is relatively
unimportant except where the shape makes it difficult to build a rigid
enclosure. It is best to avoid enclosure dimensions that are multiples
of each other, such as 1 X 2 X 4 ratios, and strive to use dimensions
that have somewhat unrelated ratios such as 1 X 1.23 X 1.41.

[16]
Q: What is the best material to use for building enclosures?

A: For home and permanent installation use, high density particle wood
is the most cost-effective material for general enclosure construction.
The best wood to use for portable enclosure construction is 14 to 20
ply per inch Finland birch type. Birch plywood is very expensive
however, and a carefully braced enclosure made of high grade void-free
fir plywood can do the job just as well in most cases. The thicker you
can make the cabinet walls, the better the results will be because of
reduced wall vibration and resonance, but the tradeoff is cost and
weight. Enclosure walls should be cut so that edges form an air-tight
seal when glued together. Cleats and caulking can also be used if
needed to insure a good fit and tight air seal.

[17]
Q: Is bracing necessary? How much should be used?

A: Bracing should be added to the enclosure interior to minimize
enclosure wall vibration. Enclosure walls simply cannot be stiff
enough since wall vibration indicates that energy is being wasted to
move enclosure panels rather than moving air. 25 X 76 mm (1 X 3 in)
pine bracing fixed on edge with glue and screws to the enclosure walls
will help provide the minimum necessary stiffening without affecting
the internal volume significantly. If you are building large subwoofer
enclosures, bracing with two-by-fours works better, though you should
take the bracing volume into account since a 3 m (10-foot) length takes
up 12.9 liters (0.36 cubic foot) of enclosure volume.

[18]
Q: How should I mount drivers on the baffle?

A: Mount drivers on the front of the baffle whenever possible to avoid
the reflections from inside the mounting hole. Heavy drivers should
normally be front-mounted using Tee-nuts and machine screws or JBL’s
MA15 clamps. If Tee-nuts are used, apply a bit of Bostic or Pliobond
type rubber glue to the inside of the nut flange to help avoid losing
the Tee-nut inside the enclosure when installing the driver. Baffle
board construction is much easier if all baffle parts are assembled
prior to final box assembly.

[19]
Q: Do I need fiberglass inside the enclosure?

A: JBL uses a 25 mm (1 in) padding of 1/2-pound density fiberglass
stapled to the enclosure interior on all surfaces except the baffle.
You should use 100 mm (4 in) thick dacron or 25 mm (1 in) fiberglass on
at least three of the surfaces of parallel interior walls. Keep sound
absorbing materials away from the port(s) as the air velocity inside
the port can be sufficient to tear off bits of the material and squirt
them out of the enclosure. It is not necessary to cover the inside of
the baffle, but doing so will rarely degrade system performance. The
enclosure exterior may be covered with your choice of any suitable
finish or decoration; this will not affect bass performance and in some
cases (as with Formica) may help stiffen the enclosure walls.

[20]
Q: Does Fiberglass significantly affect enclosure tuning?

A: No, not unless the enclosure is stuffed full of fiberglass, in which
case the apparent volume of the enclosure increases by 12% to 20% as
seen from the point of view of the bass driver. Stuffing the enclosure
full with fiberglass is not recommended because it introduces system
losses, is expensive and interferes with port operation. The exception
to this would be a sealed “air suspension” type system enclosure where
more virtual volume is needed and actual volume is not available,
and/or where box dimensions which are multiples of each other can’t be
avoided and the fiberglass stuffing will help absorb the internal sound
reflections.

[21]
Q: What is needed to mount a midrange on the baffle with the woofer?

A: For cone-type midrange drivers, a sealed sub-chamber should be used
to prevent interaction with the enclosure’s bass driver. JBL drivers
suitable for sealed-chamber midrange use require only 10 to 40 liters
(.3 to 1.0 cubic foot) of chamber volume to operate at typical midrange
frequencies, above 200 hertz. Subchambers should be constructed
solidly and liberally lined with fiberglass. As in the case of
enclosure shapes, avoiding multiples of dimensions, subchambers should
be built so as to avoid square and cube shapes in favor of non-related
numerical ratios.

[22]
Q: Is there any special procedure for mounting a horn in an enclosure?

A: Use of a horn/compression driver does not require any subchamber
since these devices form their own air-tight seal. JBL horns such as
the 2344, 2370, MI-291 and 2380 horn family also seal their own cutout
opening in the enclosure when properly mounted on the baffle. Better
compression drivers are quite heavy, so a brace should be provided to
cradle the driver to prevent driver movement during shipping. In
combination with the length of a horn as a lever, driver mass can cause
the assembly to tear off the baffle or break the horn if the enclosure
is handled roughly or dropped. Driver mass can also tear off the horn
throat if cabinets are dropped on their backs.

CONVERSION CONSTANTS and USEFUL DATA
____________________________________

LITERS FEET^3 INCHES^3 METERS^3 MILLIMETERS INCHES METERS
___________________________________ _____________________________
1.00 = .03531 = 61.0 = .001 1.00 = .039 = .001
28.32 = 1.00 = 1,728 = .02832 25.40 = 1.000 = .0254
1000.00 = 35.31 = 61,016 = 1.00 1000.00 = 39.370 = 1.000

TO FIND SOUND WAVE LENGTH: divide velocity of sound by frequency (Hz)
(SOUND VELOCITY = 344 m/s, 1130 ft/s or 13,560 in/s)

AREA OF CIRCLE = 3.14 x (radius squared) Note: radius = 1/2 diameter

TO FIND THE DIAMETER OF A CIRCLE WITH EQUIVALENT AREA:
2 x square-root of (area divided by 3.14)
example: area of 9″ tube = area of 8″ square duct calculated:
(area) 64/3.14=20.37, square root = 4.51 x 2 = 9.03 (diameter)

VOLUME OF CYLINDRICAL DUCT = circular area x length

VOLUME DISPLACED BY JBL LOUDSPEAKERS: 8″ = .05 cu ft, 10″ = .1 cu ft,
12″ = .15 cu ft, 15″ = .2 cu ft, 18″ = .3 cu ft.

JBL LOUDSPEAKER MOUNTING HOLE AND BOLT CIRCLE DIMENSIONS:
mounting holes:
8″ = 7-1/16″ 10″ = 9″ 12″ = 11-1/16″ 15″ = 13-31/32″
18″ = 16-13/16″

bolt circles:
8″ = 7-5/8″ 10″ = 9-3/4″ 12″ = 11-9/16″ 15″ = 14-9/16″
18″ = 17-3/8″

BIBLIOGRAPHY of RECOMMENDED AUDIO REFERENCES
____________________________________________

FOR AUDIO NOVICES:

BOOKS:

David B. Weems, “Building Speaker Enclosures,” Radio Shack
publication, stock# 62-2309

“The CAMEO Dictionary of Creative Audio Terms,” Creative Audio & Music
Electronics Organization, 10 Delmar Avenue, Framingham, MA 01701

F. Alton Everest, “The Complete Handbook of Public Address Sound
Systems,” Tab Books #966, Tab Books, Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214

David B. Weems, “Designing, Building & Testing Your Own Speaker
System,” Tab Books #1364 (this is the same as the Weems book above)

Abraham B. Cohen, “Hi-Fi Loudspeakers and Enclosures,” Hayden Book Co.,
0721

Alex Badmaieff and Don Davis, “How to Build Speaker Enclosures,” Howard
W. Sams & Co., Inc., 4300 West 62nd Street, Indianapolis, IN 46268

Bob Heil, “Practical Guide for Concert Sound,” Sound Publishing Co.,
156 East 37th Street, New York, NY 10016

PAPERS:

Drew Daniels, “The Most Commonly Asked Questions About Building
Enclosures,” JBL Professional, 8500 Balboa Blvd., Northridge CA, 91329

Drew Daniels, “Using the enclosure design flow chart,” JBL
Professional, 8500 Balboa Blvd., Northridge, CA 91329

FOR EXPERIENCED AUDIO PRACTITIONERS AND HOBBYISTS:

BOOKS:

Jens Trampe Broch, “Acoustic Noise Measurement,” Bruel & Kjaer
Instruments, Inc., 185 Forest Street, Marlborough, MA 01752 (617) 481-
7000

Howard M. Tremaine, “The Audio Cyclopedia,” 2nd Edition 1969, Howard W.
Sams & Co., Inc., 4300 West 62nd Street, Indianapolis, IN 46268

Arnold P. Peterson and Ervin E. Gross, Jr., “Handbook of Noise
Measurement,” General Radio, 300 Baker Avenue, Concord, MA 01742

Martin Colloms, “High Performance Loudspeakers,” A Halstead Press Book,
1978 John Wiley and Sons, New York and Toronto.

Harry F. Olson, “Modern Sound Reproduction,” 1972, Van Nostrand
Reinhold Co., New York.

Harry F. Olson, “Music Physics and Engineering,” Dover Publications,
180 Varick Street, New York, NY 10014

Don and Carolyn Davis, “Sound System Engineering,” Howard W. Sams &
Co., Inc., 4300 West 62nd Street, Indianapolis, IN 46268

F. Alton Everest, “Successful Sound System Operation,” Tab Books #2606,
Tab Books, Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214

PAPERS:

Drew Daniels, “Notes on 70-volt and distributed system presentation,”
for the National Sound Contractors Association Convention, September
10, 1985, JBL Professional, 8500 Balboa Blvd., Northridge, CA 91329

Drew Daniels, “Thiele-Small Nuts and Bolts with Painless Math,”
presented at the 70th Convention of the Audio Engineering Society,
November 1981 AES preprint number 1802(C8).

FOR ENGINEERS:

BOOKS:

Harry F. Olson, “Acoustical Engineering,” D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc.,
250 4th Street, New York 3, NY 1957 (out of print)

Leo L. Beranek, “Acoustics,” Mc Graw-Hill Book Co., New York 1954.

Harry F. Olson, “Elements of Acoustical Engineering,” D. Van Nostrand
Co., Inc., 250 4th Street, New York 3, NY (1st ed., 1940, 2nd ed., 1947
both out of print)

Lawrence E. Kinsler and Austin R. Frey, “Fundamentals of Acoustics,”
John Wiley and Sons, New York and Toronto.

N.W. McLachlan, “Loudspeakers: Theory Performance, Testing and Design,
Oxford Engineering Science Series, Oxford at The Clarendon Press 1934,
Corrected Edition, Dover Publications 1960.

PAPERS:

Don B. Keele, Jr., “AWASP: An Acoustic Wave Analysis and Simulation
Program,” presented at the 60th AES Convention in Los Angeles, May
1978.

Fancher M. Murray, “An Application of Bob Smith’s Phasing Plug,”
presented at the 61st AES Convention in New York, November 1978.

Don B. Keele Jr., “Automated Loudspeaker Polar Response Measurements
Under Microcomputer Control,” presented at the 65th AES Convention in
London, February 1980.

R.H. Small, “Direct-Radiator Loudspeaker System Analysis,” Journal of
the Audio Engineering Society (JAES), Vol. 20, p. 383, June 1972.

Mark R. Gander, “Ground Plane Acoustic Measurement of Loudspeaker
Systems,” presented at the 66th AES Convention in Los Angeles, May
1980.

“Loudspeakers,” An anthology of articles on loudspeakers from the pages
of the Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Vol. 1 through Vol. 25
(1953-1977). Available from the Audio Engineering Society, 60 East
42nd Street, New York, NY 10165 Telephone (212) 661-8528

A.N. Thiele, “Loudspeakers in Vented Boxes,” Proceedings of the IREE
Australia, Vol. 22, p. 487 August 1961; republished in the JAES, vol.
19, p. 382 May 1971 and p. 471 June 1971.

Fancher M. Murray, “The Motional Impedance of an Electro-Dynamic
Loudspeaker,” presented at the 98th Meeting of the Acoustical Society
of America, November 19, 1979.

Mark R. Gander, “Moving-Coil Loudspeaker Topology As An Indicator of
Linear Excursion Capability,” presented at the 64th AES Convention in
New York, November 1979.

Garry Margolis and John C. Young, “A Personal Calculator Program for
Low Frequency Horn Design Using Thiele-Small Driver Parameters,”
presented at the 62nd AES Convention in Brussels, March 1979.

Garry Margolis and Richard H. Small, “Personal Calculator Programs for
Approximate Vented-Box and Closed-Box Loudspeaker System Design,”
presented at the 66th AES Convention in Los Angeles, May 1980.

Fancher M. Murray and Howard M. Durbin, “Three Dimensional Diaphragm
Suspensions for Compression Drivers,” presented at the 63rd AES
Convention in Los Angeles, March 1979.

R.H. Small, “Vented-Box Loudspeaker Systems,” Journal of the Audio
Engineering Society, Vol. 21, p. 363 June 1973, p. 438 July/August
1973, p. 549 September 1973, and p. 635 October 1973.

JBL TECHNICAL NOTES:

The following are available at no cost from JBL Professional:

Vol. 1, No. 1 – “Performance Parameters of JBL Low-Frequency Systems”

Vol. 1, No. 2 – “70-Volt Distribution Systems Using JBL Industrial
Series Loudspeakers”

Vol. 1, No. 3 – “Choosing JBL Low-Frequency Transducers”

Vol. 1, No. 4 – “Constant Directivity Horns”

Vol. 1, No. 5 – “Field Network Modifications for Flat Power Response
Applications”

Vol. 1, No. 6 – “JBL High-frequency Directional Data in Isobar Form”

Vol. 1, No. 7 – “In-Line Stacked Arrays of Flat-front Bi-Radial Horns”

Vol. 1, No. 8 – “Characteristics of High-Frequency Compression Drivers”

Vol. 1, No. 9 – “Distortion and Power Compression in Low-frequency
Transducers”

Vol. 1, No. 10- “Use Of The 4612OK, 4671OK, And 4660 Systems In Fixed
Installation Sound Reinforcement”

Vol. 2, No. 2 – “JBL/UREI Power Amplifier Design Philosophy”

Instruction Manual – “Motion Picture Loudspeaker Systems: A Guide to
Proper Selection And Installation”

“JBL Sound System Design Reference Manual” ($15)

A Mathematical Puzzle (March 17, 1988)

Article 585 of sci.physics:
Path: puukko!santra!tut!enea!mcvax!uunet!husc6!sri-unix!ctnews!andrew!RP%OZ.AI.MIT.EDU@XX.LCS.MIT.EDU
From: RP%OZ.AI.MIT.EDU@XX.LCS.MIT.EDU
Newsgroups: sci.physics
Subject: Mathematical Puzzle]
Message-ID:
Date: 17 Mar 88 11:05:00 GMT
Lines: 18

From: Richard Pavelle

The following puzzle circulated over various mailing lists 10 years ago.
I am sending it to Physics because many readers have not seen it and
it is very difficult to solve. But my real question is whether anyone
can tell me the background of this problem? Enjoy…………

There are two integers each between 1 and 100. P knows their product,
S knows their sum. Obviously, if they told each other the sum and
product, they could figure out what the integers were. Instead, they
have the following conversation:

P: I don’t know what the numbers are.
S: I knew you didn’t. Neither do I.
P: Oh! Now I know.
S: Oh! So do I.

What are the two integers?

Purebred Cats By R. Roger Breton And Nancy J. Creek

PUREBRED CATS

R. Roger Breton
Nancy J Creek

——————————

Longhairs, Shorthairs, and Nohairs

There are several reasons for obtaining a cat of breeding. With a
purebred cat it is possible to predict what a kitten will be like as
an adult (assuming a loving environment). An Abyssinian, for example,
can be counted upon to become a loving, affectionate cat, one who will
not be afraid of strangers and who will be easily trainable to car
travel, etc.

A cat of breeding is required if you wish to show. Showing your cat
can be a joyous and rewarding experience for both you and your cat
(especially if you win), but should not become a business.

Selecting a cat of breeding is much like selecting any cat, save that
the number of dollars changing hands is often quite high ($300 and up
is typical, and the “up” can become “‘way up”).

There is one reason for not getting a cat of breeding, and that is
vanity. If your only reason for getting a Chinchilla Persian is to
have a Chinchilla Persian when your friends all have American Shor-
thairs, then both you and your Chinchilla Persian will be unhappy in
the long run. A living cat is not an object d’art, to be purchased
and admired. He is a living, breathing creature, who should be ob-
tained solely as an object d’amour. It is love and devotion he will
require and it is love and devotion he will return, and he won’t care
a whit if you are white, black, or chartreuse, or if you are descended
from Mary Queen of Scots or Attila the Hun.

In the following breed descriptions there are several things to ob-
serve: Each description has a group of tabulated parameters followed
by a thumbnail description. The tabulated parameters are:

Coat: The character of the coat: shorthair, longhair, or extra-care
longhair.

“Shorthair” means a short- or medium-haired breed requiring no
special care.

“Longhair” means a long-haired breed requiring frequent brushing
and grooming, but with (so-called) non-matting hair: no disaster
if the cat gets a tangle or snag, as it can usually be brushed or
combed out.

“Extra-care longhair” means a long-haired breed that must be cared
for daily, else its fur will quickly become one large mat. In
general, short-haired breeds require less care and attention than
long-haired.

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 1

Environment: The living arrangements for which the breed is best
suited: apartment, home, or rural.

“Apartment” means an indoor-only environment and a breed suitable
for city living.

“Home” means an indoor-outdoor environment and a breed with small
territorial requirements, one that would do well in the typical
suburban home-and-yard.

“Rural” means an indoor-outdoor or outdoor-only environment and a
breed with large territorial requirements, such a cat may well
pine if kept indoors all the time. Most cats are adaptable, and
do well in differing environments.

Disposition: The normal personality of the breed: affectionate or
reserved, active or tranquil, and quiet or vocal.

“Affectionate” means a breed that is very demonstrative in its
affection.

“Reserved” means a less demonstrative breed (but just as loving).

“Active” means an animal always on the go, the typical overgrown
kitten.

“Tranquil” means asedate and dignified animal.

“Quiet” means a non-talking breed.

“Vocal,” means a breed that won’t shut up.

These criteria, like all such opposing definitions, are only
somewhat accurate: some breeds are very active, some moderately
active, some slightly active, some slightly tranquil, some moder-
ately tranquil, and some very tranquil, with all shadings in
between: these variations have been arbitrarily distilled into
“active” and “tranquil,” and are only guides. Also please remem-
ber that individuals may vary widely from the norm for their
breed, depending upon how they are raised (we once met a mean
Abyssinian, and the term “mean Abyssinian” is practically an
oxymoron).

Best With: The people with whom the breed does best: one-person,
family, family with children.

“One-person” indicates the breed does not do well with groups of
people, but prefers the companionship and love of a single human
being.

“Family” indicates a breed that does well with groups of people,
such as an entire family, but does not do well with small children
(especially toddlers).

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 2

“Family with children” indicates a breed that also does well with
small children.

Colors: The coat colors normally permitted for the breed. There are
twelve color groups: standard solid (solid colors), standard
(patched solid, tortie, calico, tabby, patched tabby, torbie, and
torbico colors), shaded (smoked, shaded, chinchilla, chinchilla
tortie, golden, golden tortie, and silver tabby colors), spotted
(spotted tabby and silver spotted tabby colors), Abyssinian
(Abyssinian and silver Abyssinian colors), oriental (oriental
solid colors), Burmese (Burmese colors), Tonkinese (Tonkinese
colors), Siamese (Siamese solid-point colors), colorpoint (Siamese
tortie-, lynx-, and torbie-point colors), Van (Van colors), and
white (dominant white).

We wish to emphasize that the terms Abyssinian, Burmese, Tonki-
nese, and Siamese when used under this heading, refer to colors,
not breeds. For example, both the Himalayan and Siamese breeds
come in Siamese colors: other than that, they are completely
different.

Breeds that have specific colors only will have those specific
colors listed.

Abyssinian

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Abyssinian

The Abyssinian, an ancient breed, is a medium-sized cat with a sleek
intermediate body, long legs and tail, and a wedge head with a tapered
muzzle and large pointed often-tufted ears.

Often called the bunny cat because of its rabbit-like coloration, its
all-agouti coat is short, close lying and soft. It has striking
facial markings, reminiscent of some of the monocolor wild species,
such as the Puma, which it strongly resembles (sort of a micro-puma).

Active, intelligent and affectionate, it adapts well to family life
and is easily trained.

In competition with the Egyptian Mau for oldest breed, the Abyssinian
also traces back to the Egyptian middle period, but via Abyssinia (now
Ethiopia) and with less hard evidence. Be that as it may, it is
definitely an older breed, with the same kind of primitive hair
structure as the Egyptian Mau (less prone to cause allergic reactions
in people).

Regardless of the longevity of the breeds, the Abyssinian is

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 3

definitely more domesticated than the Egyptian Mau, being an outgoing
and demonstrably loving breed. It is also exceptionally intelligent
and is easily trained.

The Abyssinian became popular in Britain in the Early 1900’s, being
descended from Zula, a queen actually imported from Abyssinia (hence
the name of the breed) in the 1860’s. The Breed virtually vanished
during the First World War, only to make an amazing comeback during
the inter-war period. In the 1930’s several prize Abyssinians were
imported from Britain into the U.S., forming the basis of the breed in
this country. During the Second World War the breed did completely
vanish in Britain (see the wartime comments under British Shorthair).
During the post-war reconstruction period, the Abyssinian was re-
introduced into Britain from the U.S., only to be decimated again in
the late 60’s and early 70’s by a massive feline leukemia epidemic.
Abyssinians were again re-introduced, from the U.S. and from the
European continent, and are currently flourishing in Britain.

A long-haired Abyssinian also exists as the Somali.

American Curl

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded

The American Curl, a large cat with a muscular cobby body, medium legs
and tail, and a round head with a square muzzle and a unique ear
structure, there being a kink along the inside edges of the ear,
causing them to bend inward and giving the face a comical and
inquisitive appearance, has a short, thick, and smooth coat with a
heavy undercoat.

The American Curl is essentially an American Shorthair with mutated
ears, retaining all that is good in the parent breed while adding a
quizzical appearance. Playful, inquisitive and an excellent hunter,
it adapts well to almost any environment. Its tolerance of the ways
of children make it an excellent family cat.

American Shorthair

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded

The American Shorthair, a large cat with a muscular cobby body, medium
legs and tail, and a round head with a square muzzle and blunt ears,
has a short, thick, and smooth coat with a heavy undercoat.

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 4

The basic cat in the U.S., it is playful, inquisitive and an excellent
hunter, adapting well to almost any environment.

A composite of those cats brought on the Mayflower and by other early
British and French settlers in New England and eastern Canada, the
American short-hair has evolved into a hardy breed ideally suited to
the New World. Slightly more lithe than its European cousins, the
American short-hair is perfectly adapted to the slightly faster
rodents found in the American countryside.

A British Shorthair named Belle (though it was a tom) was imported
into the U.S. in 1901 and, through cross-breeding with native American
stock, formed the basis for the American Shorthair as a show breed.
The first true American Shorthair show cat was Buster Brown, bred in
1904.

Originally called simply Shorthairs by contrast with the then only
other American breed, the Maine Coon, they were later called Domestic
Shorthairs, a name that still clings to the unregistered Heinz~
variety.

With its extraordinarily keen hunting instincts, its neat and tidy
ways, and its ready adaptability to new environments, this is the
quintessential work cat. Many American (or Domestic) Shorthairs may
be found earning their keep in all walks of life across the country.
Besides the obvious farm cat and ship’s cat, working cats are to be
found in such diverse places as firehouses, police stations, hardware
stores, and libraries: anywhere the mouse or rat might decide to make
his home. Such working cats are not really cats in the sense of this
book, but are beloved and contributing members of their firms.

With its short-but-thick coat, the American Shorthair can cope with
all but the most extreme of weather, and is often found happily
roaming outside in conditions that would frighten a brass monkey.

Being a naturally peaceful and loving breed, tolerant of abuse at the
hands of small children, it makes the ideal all-around cat.

American Wirehair

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Reserved, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded

The American Wirehair, a large cat with a muscular cobby body, medium
legs and tail, and a round head with a square muzzle and blunt ears,
has a short, course, wiry coat with a thick undercoat, similar in
texture to that of the Wirehair Terrier dog.

The American Wirehair is essentially an American Shorthair with a

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 5

mutated coat, and retains all the hardiness, skills, and devotion of
the parent breed, being playful, inquisitive, an excellent hunter,
adapting well to almost any environment. Being tolerant of the ways of
small children, it makes an excellent cat.

Balinese

Coat: Longhair
Environment: Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Siamese

The Balinese, a medium-sized cat with a long oriental body, long legs
and tail, and a triangular head with a pointed muzzle, bright blue
eyes and large pointed ears, has a medium-long, fine, thick, and silky
solid-pointed fawn-to-ivory coat without a ruff.

Originally bred in the late 1940’s from Siamese stock carrying a
recessive longhair gene, the Balinese is like the Siamese in every way
save its long coat.

Being, like the Siamese, active, loving, playful, intelligent,
curious, and sensitive, the Balinese does best with an owner who will
understand its capricious ways.

Bengal

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Spotted

The Bengal is a large cat with a muscular cobby-to-intermediate body,
short legs and tail, and a large round head with a square muzzle and
small round ears.

Its spotted coat is thick and silky.

Tranquil and loving, it adapts well to family life.

The Bengal is a new breed, still in the experimental stage. It is a
true hybrid, in that it’s immediate ancestors are the domestic Ocicat
and American Shorthair and the wild Leopard Cat (felis bengalensis).
The breeding program, executed by Jean Mill of Millwood Cattery in
Covina, California, involved several generations of crossbreeding
until the proper coloration and temperament was achieved.

With the basic body structure of the Ocicat, the loving disposition of
the American Shorthair, and the beautiful coat of the Leopard Cat, the
Bengal is indeed a striking and unique cat. Primarily bred for the

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 6

home, it is wild in appearance only, being somewhat less of a roamer
and hunter than either its Ocicat or American Shorthair forebears: it
is in essence a lover, not a fighter. It does well with children,
even small children, and spreads its devotion among the whole family.

Birman

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Reserved, Tranquil, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Siamese with Birman Spotting

The Birman, the Sacred Cat of Burma, is a medium-sized cat with a
massive oriental body, medium legs and tail, and a broad round head
with a short muzzle and rounded ears. Its Birman-spotted Siamese coat
is fairly long and silky, thick on the neck and tail.

Developed in France in the early 1900’s the Birman superficially
resembles the Himalayan at first glance. Close examination, however,
reveals many differences, the most obvious of which is the white boots
of the Birman-spotting gene. It also sports an oriental rather than
cobby body, and its coat has more the texture of the Turkish Angora
than the Persian.

Burmese legend has it that, before the time of Buddah, in the
beautiful Khymer temple of Lao-Tsun high in the Himalayan mountains,
there was a sapphire-eyed golden statue of the goddess Tsun-Kyan-Kse.
The statue was watched over by an old priest, Mun-Ha, who’s beard was
as golden as the statue, and was said to have been braided by the god
Song-Hyo himself. Mun-ha had 100 pure-white cats, one of which was
Sihn, his especial companion.

One night raiders attacked, killing Mun-Ha as he knelt in prayer
before the figure of the goddess. Immediately Sihn jumped upon the
body of his beloved master and faced the statue, and the soul of Mun-
Ha passed into his cat. Sihn’s fur suddenly became as golden as the
old priest’s beard, while his eyes became as the sapphire eyes of the
goddess. His face, ears, tail, and legs were burned brown by the
passage of the soul, except for his feet, which rested directly upon
his master’s body: they remained the purest white. This sudden
transformation so inspired the other priests that they were able to
drive off the raiders.

Seven days later, Sihn died and carried the soul of his master to
paradise. On the following morning all the remaining 99 cats had also
undergone the same transformation. Since that time, the priests of
Lao-Tsun have cared for their sacred cats, believing them to be the
guardians of their souls.

The original Birman, a pregnant queen, was a gift to France from the
priests of a new Tibetian temple of Lao-Tsun.

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 7

There are those with no romance in their souls who say the Birman was
developed by crossing Siamese with various black and white longhairs.

Whatever their origins, the Birman virtually disappeared from France
during the Second World War (see the wartime comments under British
Shorthair), and had to be rebred from a pair of surviving kittens.

In the 1960’s, a pair of “Temple Kittens” was given to an American
while working in Tibet. They were accompanied by the same legend,
down to the 100 cats. These kittens formed the basis of the breed in
this country, and their offspring have been sent to Britain and
France, where they have been used to strengthen the existing Birman
line.

Tranquil, sociable, and intelligent, the Birman does best with quiet
people and may mope if left alone.

Bombay

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Reserved, Tranquil, Vocal
Best With: Family
Colors: Ebony

The Bombay, a medium-sized cat with an intermediate body, long legs
and tail, and a round head with a short muzzle, large round eyes, and
round ears, has a satiny and close-lying deep ebony coat. Its coat is
so satiny as to give the appearance of patent leather.

Bred by crossing the Burmese with the American Shorthair, the Bombay
is often referred to as a mini-panther or “plastic cat” because of its
unique coat. The reason behind the unique coat texture is still being
argued, but is believed to be caused by a spontaneous mutation to the
texture of the hair itself. These cats are “black to the bone,”
sporting a black-on-black coat. When this coat is coupled with
exceptionally large bright-copper-penny eyes, a truly beautiful cat is
formed.

Quiet, sensitive, reserved and intelligent, the Bombay does best in a
quiet home, where it is affectionate to the whole family.

British Blue

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Blue

The British Blue is a blue British Shorthair, making it a large cat
with a muscular cobby body, short legs and tail, and a round head with

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 8

a square muzzle and small wide-spaced round ears. Its blue-gray coat
is short and dense with a heavy undercoat.

Like other British Shorthairs, it was decimated during the Second
World War, but has been recreated by careful breeding.

Playful, inquisitive, and an excellent hunter, it adapts well to
almost any environment, and makes an excellent cat.

British Shorthair

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded

The British Shorthair, a large cat with a muscular cobby body, short
legs and tail, and a round head with a square muzzle and small wide-
spaced round ears, has a short, dense coat with a heavy undercoat.

Bred over almost 2000 years from cats originally brought by the Romans
(Julius Caesar came, saw, conquered, and brought cats), the British
Shorthair is more a native of Britain than any Anglo-Saxon and has
evolved into a strong cat with a dense coat capable of withstanding
the worst of British weather. Quick and alert, this is the basic cat
in all of Great Britain and Ireland.

During the First and Second World Wars all breeds of cats suffered
drastically in Britain and, to a lesser degree, on the European
continent. Because of the drastic food shortages during the Blitz,
“cat” became known as “roof-rabbit,” and filled many a stewpot. This
is perhaps best considered as merely another way in which the
beautiful cat contributed to the betterment of mankind.

Of all the breeds of cats decimated by the wars, the beautiful British
Shorthair suffered perhaps worst of all. As a result this breed,
native to the isles, all but vanished. After the war, efforts were
made to restore the breed by crossing those few survivors with
American and European Shorthairs. This produced a somewhat less cobby
cat. Attempts were made to correct this by breeding in the
exceptionally cobby Persian. The result is the current British
Shorthair, about the same body type and disposition of its pre-war
forebears, but with a slightly flatter face and thicker, more
luxuriant coat from the Persian influence. This latter is the result
not of the longhair genes, but of the polygene influence carefully
bred for in Persians to make the coat thick and silky as well as long.

There are some purist breeders now rebreeding the original British
Shorthair from cats recently discovered in Scotland and Ireland. Time
will tell whether the original breed will be restored, or whether
there will eventually be two breeds of British Shorthair.

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 9

Regardless of the details of the breed, the disposition is the same:
playful, inquisitive, and an excellent hunter, the British Shorthair
is fond of children and an excellent cat. It adapts well to almost
any environment.

Burmese

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Sable

The Burmese, a medium-sized cat with a solid muscular oriental body,
long slender legs and tail, and a round head with a tapered muzzle and
blunt ears, has a fine, thick, shiny, and very silky coat of a rich
sable-brown color. If an identical cat has a coat of any color other
than sable (the British standard also allows chocolate) it is classed
as a Malayan.

With a body style similar to the turn-of-the-century Siamese, the
Burmese is a gorgeous cat, with an acrobats body: well muscled but
not cobby.

All modern Burmese are descended from Wong Mau, a walnut-brown female
imported from Rangoon in the 1930’s. Wong Mau’s owner, U.S. Navy
doctor Joseph Thompson, was attracted to her by her unique coloring,
but most other breeders were unimpressed, considering her to be a
poorly colored Siamese. Cross breeding of Wong Mau and her kittens
with Siamese and back to Wong Mau herself established a definite
pattern of three phenotypes: normal Siamese, darker “Siamese” (now
called Tonkinese), and solid-color cats like Wong Mau herself. Her
unique genetic coding, caused by the Burmese allele of the albanism
gene was discovered and a new breed was born.

Affectionate and intelligent, the Burmese does best with one person
who will return its affection and talk to it.

Chartreux

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Blue

The Chartreux, derived from the European Shorthair, is a large cat
with a muscular cobby body, medium legs, short tail, and a slightly
squarish head with a square muzzle and wide-spaced large, blunt ears.
Its thick blue coat is short and fine, with a heavy undercoat.

As the Romanov’s had their Russian Blues, so the Bourbons had their

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 10

Chartreux. Bred from original European Blue stock, the Chartreux now
has an entirely different coat texture, soft and silky, while keeping
its thick undercoat. The slate-blue of the European Blue has become
an almost iridescent silver-blue, producing a striking animal. This
cat even looks French.

Playful, inquisitive, reserved, and an excellent hunter, it adapts
well to almost any environment. It loves children and is an ideal
cat.

Colorpoint Longhair

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Colorpoint

The Colorpoint Longhair, a large cat with a short cobby body, short
legs, medium tail, and a round head with a very short muzzle and small
round ears, has an exceptionally long, thick, and silky colorpoint
coat with a definite ruff. It is essentially a Himalayan pointed in
other than solid colors.

Like the Persian, the Colorpoint Longhair is a quiet, tranquil, and
very reserved cat that does best in a quiet home free of noise,
children, and other pets.

Colorpoint Shorthair

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Colorpoint

The Colorpoint Shorthair, a medium-sized cat with a long oriental
body, long legs and tail, and a triangular head with a pointed muzzle,
bright blue eyes and large pointed ears, has a fine, thick, glossy,
and close lying colorpointed fawn-to-ivory coat.

Identical with the Siamese in every way except the patterns present in
the points, the Colorpoint Shorthair is an outgrowth of the basic
Siamese breeding program.

Being, like the Siamese, active, loving, playful, intelligent,
curious, and sensitive, the Colorpoint Shorthair does best with an
owner who will understand its capricious ways.

———————————————————————-
Purebred Cats Page 11

Cornish Rex

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard

The Cornish Rex is a small cat with a slender oriental body, long legs
and tail, and a triangular head with a pointed muzzle, a long straight
nose, large eyes, and large blunt ears. Its has an unusual face,
giving it a mischievous and pixieish appearance. Its coat is very
curly and wavy, composed only of down hairs, making it unusually
short, fine, soft and silky.

The original rex cat was the German Rex, observed in a semi-feral
hospital cat in East Berlin in 1946. What with the post-war chaos and
reconstruction, this mutation was not actively followed up until the
late 1950’s.

Meanwhile, a curly kitten named Kallibunker was born on a farm in
Cornwall, England, in 1951. Kallibunker’s owner contacted a
professional breeder with an interest in genetics and the rest, as
they say, is history: the Cornish Rex was born, and is perhaps one of
the strangest-looking of cats, with its pixieish face and curly coat.
Two of Kallibunker’s descendants were sent to the U.S. in 1957, and
formed the basis of the breed in this country.

Meanwhile, a curly-coated feral cat was observed to be living near a
tin mine in Buckfastleigh, Devonshire, England. A calico semi-feral
female cared for by a nearby resident mated with the curly-coated
feral (the two cats were probably related) and produced a curly
kitten, which was adopted and named Kirlee. Attempts to breed Kirlee
into the Cornish Rex line proved futile, no curly kittens resulted.
It was then realized that Kirlee was a distinctly different mutation,
and she was placed in her own breeding program to produce the Devon
Rex breed.

In 1960, three German Rexes were sent to the U.S., where crossbreeding
quickly determined that the German Rex and Cornish Rex were the same
mutation, distinct from the Devon Rex.

Agile, affectionate, intelligent and tranquil, the Cornish Rex adapts
well to family life and becomes an ideal lap cat for a quiet owner. A
delicate and quiet cat, it cannot tolerate rough handling, hence
children.

Lacking guard and awn hairs (running around in its underwear, as it
were), it sunburns easily and must be an indoor-only cat. It is a
non-shedding cat (no outer coat), making it ideal for people with cat
allergies.

In Siamese colors, the Cornish Rex is known as the Si-Rex.

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Cymric

Coat: Longhair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded

The Cymric, a medium-sized cat with a very short cobby body, medium
forelegs and long hindlegs, no tail, and a round head with a square
muzzle and small wide-spaced round ears, has a medium-long, thick
coat, with a distinct ruff and a heavy undercoat.

First bred in the U.S. in the early 1960’s, it is simply a long-haired
Manx, with the unique taillessness (and attendant problems) of that
breed. In recognition of the fact that the people of the Isle of Man
are Celts, as are the Welsh, it was decided to name the new breed
Cymric (pronounced “kumrik”) after Cymru, the Welsh name for Wales.

Playful, inquisitive, and an excellent hunter, the Cymric adapts well
to almost any environment.

See the special notes under the Manx.

Devon Rex

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard

The Devon Rex is a small cat with a slender oriental body, long legs
and tail, and a moderately triangular head with a pointed muzzle, a
long stopped nose, large eyes, and exceptionally large blunt ears.
Its has an unusual face, giving it a mischievous and pixieish
appearance. Its coat is very curly and wavy, composed only of down
hairs and a very light outercoat of awn hairs, making it short, fine,
soft and silky.

Not related to the Cornish Rex, its history is nonetheless linked and
is described under that breed.

Agile, affectionate, intelligent, and tranquil, the Devon Rex adapts
well to family life and becomes an ideal lap cat for a quiet owner. A
delicate and quiet cat, it cannot tolerate rough handling, hence
children.

Lacking awn hairs it sunburns easily and must be an indoor-only cat.
It is a non-shedding cat (no outer coat), making it ideal for people
with cat allergies.

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Egyptian Mau

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Reserved, Active, Vocal
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Spotted

The Egyptian Mau, a medium-sized cat with a sleek intermediate body,
long legs and tail, and a wedge head with a tapered muzzle, large
pointed ears, large distinctive eyes and exceptionally long vibrissae,
has a short, close lying, moderately soft spotted coat. This is the
only naturally spotted breed.

Active, very fast, a good hunter, affectionate and reserved, it adapts
well to apartment living, especially when neutered, and gets along
with everyone, though it will establish a favorite person.

Introduced into the U.S. from Egypt in the 1950’s, this breed should
not be confused with the “Egyptian Cats” or “Maus” formerly bred in
Great Britain. This pseudo-Mau is now known as the spotted Oriental
Shorthair, and has been bred from Siamese stock.

The first pair of Egyptian Maus, Gepa and Ludol, were brought to the
U.S. in 1953, but it was some years before the cat clubs came to
recognize the breed. It is now recognized throughout the U.S., but
not in Britain. It might be pointed out that the first true Egyptian
Maus were imported to Britain from Egypt in 1978, so recognition
should be forthcoming.

This is perhaps the oldest of all breeds of domestic cats, with the
possible exception of the Abyssinian, traceable back to the Egyptian
Middle Period (about the time of the Israelite Exodus). Its body
structure and fur are less sophisticated than the more-recently bred
varieties, and it is pound-for-pound the fastest of all the domestic
cats: individuals have been clocked at 36 mph, as contrasted to 31
mph for the fastest American Shorthairs.

There is an interesting trait to this cat: when pursued by a larger
animal, such as a dog, it will sometimes decide to turn and fight even
when it is easily escaping. When it makes such a decision, it pivots
and charges in one clean springing movement, causing much surprise to
the pursuing dog. It usually wins such fights against other domestic
animals, but is really no match for a truly wild animal (like a
coyote), since it is domesticated and has lost the fine edge to its
fighting and hunting abilities. A few generations of feral life,
though, and it’ll defeat anything twice its weight or better.

The Egyptian Mau (“mau” is old Egyptian for “cat”) is a good cat for
people who are allergic to cats. Its older, less sophisticated fur
seems to not cause as many allergy problems (the original hypo-
allergenic kitty?).

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European Blue

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Blue

The European Blue is essentially a blue European shorthair, being
identical in every way except color. It is a large cat with a
muscular cobby body, medium legs, short tail, and a round head with a
square muzzle and wide-spaced blunt ears. Selective breeding has
produced a luxurious slate-blue coat, short, thick and fine, with a
heavy undercoat and an outercoat that may be somewhat bristly.

Playful, inquisitive, reserved, and an excellent hunter, it adapts
well to almost any environment.

European Shorthair

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded

The European Shorthair, a large cat with a muscular cobby body, medium
legs, short tail, and a round head with a square muzzle and wide-
spaced blunt ears, has a short, thick, and fine coat, with a heavy
undercoat and an outercoat that may be somewhat bristly. This thick
and somewhat shaggy coat allows it to survive the rugged European
winters. It is possible (perhaps probable) that there is some
European Wildcat, felis sylvestris, in the bloodline, producing the
slightly rough outercoat and extra-thick undercoat.

Derived from basic stock brought to Europe from Egypt by the Romans,
the European Shorthair is the basic domestic cat on the European
continent. With many individuals becoming feral throughout history,
this cat is practically another wild species alongside the European
Wildcat. Indeed, in some areas it or breeds derived from it (such as
the Norwegian Forest Cat) outrange their wild cousins.

Throughout Europe and Britain, the tabby pattern-of-choice is the
classic or blotched rather than the mackerel. This is probably the
result of confusion between large brown mackerel-tabby toms and
European Wildcats. The former would usually snuggle and purr when
caressed, while the latter would remove a finger or two! The European
Wildcat also has difficulty distinguishing between, say, a wild
pheasant and a domestic chicken. As a result, many farmers and
villagers started driving away or even killing mackerel-tabbies on
sight: the result, a tendency for classic-tabbies to flourish despite
the recessiveness of their genes.

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While affectionate, the European Shorthair is slightly more reserved
than its British and American brothers, possibly the result of
generations of persecution by the peasantry under the auspices of the
Church. Once deceived, it is virtually impossible to regain its
trust. For those who will love and cherish it, however, it is an
excellent cat, being playful and inquisitive.

Being an excellent hunter and adapting well to almost any environment,
and makes an excellent work cat and is the quintessential ship’s cat.

Exotic Shorthair

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded, Siamese,
Colorpoint

The Exotic Shorthair, a large cat with a short cobby body, short legs,
medium tail, and a round head with a very short muzzle and small round
ears, dense, soft, silky, and very plush coat, slightly longer than
that of other short-hairs, not lying too close to the body but rather
springy and alive.

Bred by crossing the Persian with the American Shorthair, the Exotic
Shorthair is essentially a shorthaired Persian. Its extremely plush
coat is a result not of the longhair gene but of various polygenes
emphasized in the Persian to produce the thick, plush undercoat.

Like the Persian, the Exotic Shorthair is a quiet, tranquil cat, and
does best in a quiet home free of noise, children, and other pets.

Havana Brown

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Reserved, Active, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Brown

The Havana Brown, a medium-sized cat with an intermediate body, long
legs and tail, and a wedge head with a long tapered muzzle and large
pointed ears, has a soft, silky, close-lying coat of a rich tobacco-
brown color.

This cat has a unique coat, so much so that in this breed only the
coat is called “brown,” instead of the usual “chestnut” or
“chocolate.” It is, of course, still caused by dense and dark-brown
alleles, b*D*.

In the early 1950’s, two breeders in Britain set about to create a

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Siamese-type cat with a brown coat, distinct from the Burmese sable.
This was achieved in 1952 by crossing a seal point Siamese with a
black British Shorthair, then crossing the result, an all-black
“Siamese,” with a seal point Siamese known to be carrying the
recessive chocolate (dark-brown) gene. The resultant cat was called
the Havana after its tobacco-brown coat (cigars come from Havana).

By 1956 the breed was ready for recognition, but controversy arose
over the body type and the similarity of the color to the Burmese.
The result was that the breed was bred to be like the Siamese in body
conformation, and now belongs to the Oriental Shorthair class of cats,
though it is still called the Havana in most circles.

In the mid 1950’s a pair of Havanas were imported to the U.S., where
they were crossed with American Shorthairs to lessen the extremity of
body shape, and renamed the Havana Brown. The Havana Brown of the
U.S. is by now a totally different cat than the Havana of Britain.

Active, playful, affectionate and lordly, the Havana Brown does best
in a one-person home. It is a very attentive parent and, while not
especially vocal, talks constantly to its kittens.

Himalayan

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Siamese

The Himalayan, a large cat with a short cobby body, short legs, medium
tail, and a round head with a very short muzzle and small round ears,
has an exceptionally long, thick and silky Siamese-pointed coat with a
definite ruff. It is exactly like the Persian except for the color
and pattern of the coat.

Like the Persian, the Himalayan is a quiet, tranquil cat, and does
best in a quiet home free of noise, children, and other pets.

Honeybear

Coat: Longhair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Standard

The Honeybear is a large cat with a short cobby body, short legs,
medium tail, and a flattish head with a square muzzle and small round
ears located on the sides of the head.

Its coat is exceptionally thick and silky, with a definite ruff, but

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Purebred Cats Page 17

is non-matting. It may be found in any of the standard patterns
except solid, the pattern of choice being black with a white teardrop
on the forehead and white spotting on the top of the tail, sometimes
becoming a skunk-like stripe.

Extremely tranquil and seemingly immune to pain, it does best in a
quiet home.

Closely related to the Ragdoll, this is a slowly-maturing breed,
taking a full two years to reach maturity. It is somewhat ungainly in
appearance between kittenhood and maturity. It should not be bred
until at least 18 months old.

The original breeder claims the Honeybears were created by genetic
manipulation of the genes of a skunk, which were then “infused by
injection” into the bloodstream of the parent Honeybear. We find this
incredulous at the least, since genes simply don’t work that way (we
would sooner believe that Nessie is a 65-million-year old plesiosaur,
it is far more likely).

As proof the technique works, the original breeder cites the famous
(or infamous) cabbit, which appeared to be the front half of a cat and
the back half of a rabbit, and “ate like a cat and gave pellets like a
rabbit.” However, a rabbit leaves the kind of pellets it does because
it eats grass and other high-cellulose plants, it would be impossible
for an animal that “eats like a cat” to “leave pellets like a rabbit.”
The cabbit has long since been placed into the same category as the
circus “unicorn,” which was proven to be a surgically-altered goat.

We believe the Honeybear to be simply a mutated Ragdoll. See the
special notes under Ragdolls.

Japanese Bobtail

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard

The Japanese Bobtail, a medium-sized cat with a slender intermediate
body, short legs, a 2-3″ tail, and a high-cheekboned triangular face
with a tapered muzzle and small wide spaced pointed ears, has a short,
close-lying, very silky coat, with the tail hair often flaring to
produce a rabbit-like tail. The preferred color is Mi-Ke (pronounced
“Mee-Kay,” and meaning “three-fur”), which corresponds to the calico
in other breeds, though the black and red patches are almost as
popular. The Mi-Ke has been a Japanese symbol of good fortune for
centuries.

A truly unique breed originally brought from China or Korea, the
Japanese Bobtail has been bred in Japan since at least the eleventh
century, and is now thoroughly identified with the Japanese culture.

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Purebred Cats Page 18

There are three unique characteristics to this cat: the first and
most obvious being its short tail, which is somewhat curled. This
tail is typically 4-5 inches in length if fully extended (which the
cat cannot do), but is about half that in a normal curled, relaxed
position. This shortness, coupled with the hair on the tail tending
to grow strait out in all directions, produces a very rabbit-like
fluffball or pom-pom.

The second unique characteristic is the extremely high cheekbones.
This causes a distinct tilting of the large oval eyes and a turning-up
of the corners of the mouth, producing a distinctly oriental or
“Japanese” appearance with an exaggerated smile when in repose. In
the west the cat would probably have been labeled “smug” (or
“inscrutable,” a favorite western term for the little-understood
Chinese and Japanese) and then persecuted. In Japan it was believed
the cat was content because it was surrounded by good fortune, hence a
blessing to have around. This attitude, far superior to the western
persecutions of the same period, is best understood if it is
remembered that Japan is a land of many earthquakes. Since cats can
predict earthquakes (yes, really!), a peacefully resting cat means all
is well.

The third unique characteristic is the unusual habit of “forgetting”
to put its paw down after cleaning. It may actually sit perfectly
still for five to ten minutes with one paw raised, as though in
blessing. This habit has been merged into Japanese folklore as a sign
of good luck: there are countless statues and pictures of short-
tailed calico cats with one raised paw and a smile on their face.

Curiously, even with its close connection to Japanese culture, the
Japanese showed little interest in the Japanese Bobtail as a breed
until relatively recently. Little was known about the Japanese
Bobtail until the occupation of Japan after World War Two. An
American cat lover was among the occupying forces and she took an
immediate interest in the breed, taking in large numbers of cats,
especially Mi-Kes.

Even though the Japanese were establishing their own cat clubs and
were extraordinarily interested in the various American breeds, they
initially showed little interest in their own cats. In 1963 several
American judges were invited to participate in a cat show in Japan.
These judges were struck with the uniqueness and beauty of the few
Japanese Bobtails exhibited (by the American cat lover). This sparked
the interest of Japanese breeders, and the breed is now flourishing in
Japan as a pedigreed line.

The American cat lover and breeder sent three Japanese Bobtails (two
Mi-Kes and one black and white male) to the U.S. in 1968, only to
return home herself a year later bringing 38 more cats with her. From
these 41 cats, an exceptionally large gene pool, the breed has been
established in this country.

Outgoing and affectionate, the Japanese Bobtail adapts well to family

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life.

Javanese

Coat: Longhair
Environment: Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Colorpoint

The Javanese, a medium-sized cat with a long oriental body, long legs
and tail, and a triangular head with a pointed muzzle, bright blue
eyes and large pointed ears, has a fine, thick, and silky colorpointed
medium-long fawn-to-ivory coat without a ruff.

The Javanese is identical to the Balinese in every way except the
color and pattern of its points.

Being, like the Siamese, active, loving, playful, intelligent,
curious, and sensitive, the Javanese does best with an owner who will
understand its capricious ways.

Kashmir

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Chocolate or Lavender

The Kashmir, a large cat with a short cobby body, short legs, medium
tail, and a round head with a very short muzzle and small round ears,
has an exceptionally long, thick, and silky chocolate or lavender coat
with a definite ruff. It is exactly like a Persian except for color.

Like the Persian, the Kashmir is a quiet, tranquil cat, and does best
in a quiet home free of noise, children, and other pets.

Korat

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Reserved, Active, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Blue

The Korat, a medium-sized cat with a roundish intermediate body, long
legs and tail, and a unique heart-shaped face with a tapered muzzle,
large eyes, and large blunt ears, has a short, soft, close lying
silvery-blue coat.

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Known in its native Siam (now Thailand) as the Si-Sawat or Royal Cat,
the Korat (from the province in which it is believed to have
originated) dates back to before the mid-fourteenth century, when it
was described as having a coat with “roots like clouds and tips like
silver.” It is but one of three native Siamese breeds: a brown cat,
the Burmese; a pointed cat, the Siamese; and a blue cat, the Korat.
Unlike the Burmese and Siamese, the Korat has been carefully bred to
maintain the original characteristics. Comparisons with various
ancient manuscripts shows that, indeed, the modern Korat is identical
to its medieval counterpart.

First shown in Britain in 1896, the Korat was disqualified as “blue
instead of biscuit-coloured,” despite the owners claims that it was
indeed a “Siamese,” imported directly from Siam, where there were many
other blue cats just like it. Although there were constant references
in the cat club literature to the blue cats of Siam, there was no
official recognition until 1959, when Nara and Darra were imported
into the U.S. from a Bangkok breeder. They were later joined by
others, and by 1965 the Korat was a recognized breed in this country.
Britain finally recognized them in 1975.

Alert and affectionate, the Korat stays active well into old age and
is an ideal apartment cat. While vocal, it has a quiet, rather pretty
voice, unlike the howling voice of the Siamese, and loves to carry on
“conversations”: if talked to it will answer back. It is somewhat
prone to upper-respiratory viral infections, so adequate vaccinations
are a must.

Maine Coon

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard

The Maine Coon, a large cat with a strong well-developed moderately-
cobby body, long and powerful legs, a long tail, and a wide head with
a wedged muzzle and wide-spaced blunt ears, has a long, silky coat
with a pronounced ruff and a heavy undercoat. The largest domestic
cat, the Maine Coon often runs over 25 pounds, with some individuals
reaching well over 30 pounds: one exceptional individual was slightly
over 35 pounds of solid muscle (we’re talking big here, not fat).

According to legend, Marie Antoinette had three long-haired cats,
which she dispatched to America when the throne fell, so they would
not be put to death along with her. Upon arrival in Maine, the cats
escaped and mated with raccoons, resulting in the Maine Coon. In
actuality, it is a cross between 18th-century Persians (not much like
today’s Persians except in being large and having a long coat) and the
rugged short-haired New England farm cats. The resultant breed is a
massive, strong, rugged, cat with a thick coat easily capable of
withstanding the most severe Maine winters. This is a prime example

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Purebred Cats Page 21

of natural selection among domesticated animals, as man’s only part in
the evolution of this breed was the importation of the parent stock.

First recognized as a specific breed in 1861 with a 22 pound male
called Captain Jenks of the Horse Marines (no more ridiculous a name
than Jonathan’s Pasha Sulemon of Ranjipoor, III, a Persian exhibited a
few years back), the Maine Coon has become a popular contestant in New
England and New York cat shows, often taking top honors.

All coat colors and patterns are permitted except the Siamese pointed
coat (in Britain chocolate and lavender are also disallowed), but the
preferred coloration is the patched brown classic tabby, B*ooD*
A*C*tbtb iiS*ww, which strongly suggests the legendary raccoon/cat
mix.

The Maine Coon is active and affectionate, firmly attaching itself to
one member of the home. It loves to roam, but adapts easily to
apartment life, especially when neutered. It does require lots of
exercise, being so large, and if kept indoors must be engaged in
active play on a regular basis.

The Norwegian Forest Cat is similar to the Maine Coon in size and
appearance and often mistaken for it, but is a different animal
altogether.

Malayan

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Burmese

The Malayan, a medium-sized cat with a solid muscular oriental body,
long slender legs and tail, and a round head with a tapered muzzle and
blunt ears, has a fine, thick, shiny, and very silky coat available in
all the Burmese solid colors except sable (and chocolate in Britain).
The Malayan is simply a Burmese in other colors.

Like the Burmese, it is affectionate and intelligent, and does best
with one person who will return its affection and talk to it.

Manx

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded

The Manx, an old breed related to the British Shorthair and similar in
coat and temperament, is a medium-sized cat with a very short cobby

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body, medium forelegs and long hindlegs, no tail, and a round head
with a square muzzle and small wide-spaced round ears. It has a
short, dense coat with a heavy undercoat.

These cats were bred for centuries on the Isle of Man, from whence
they get their name, from ships’ cats that swam ashore during the
sinking of the Spanish Armada in 1588.

Legend has it that the Manx was the last animal to board Noah’s Ark,
and got its tail caught in the door (the unicorns, alas, missed the
boat altogether). While such is a beautiful tale [no pun intended],
in reality the Manx’ attributes are caused by a firmly identified
genetic mutation, with the associated problems caused by polygene
interaction.

These cats are grouped as the rumpies (no tail at all), bumpies or
rumpy-risers (less than one vertebra), and stumpies (one or more
vertebrae). The gene causing this taillessness is non-beneficial,
causing also a shortened, distorted spine and a tilted, deformed
pelvis. Fatal if homozygous, and often causing spinal bifida,
imperforate anus or poor anal sphincter control even when
heterozygous, this mutation would be disallowed today.

Playful, inquisitive, and an excellent hunter, it adapts well to
almost any environment.

Norwegian Forest Cat

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment, Home or Rural
Disposition: Reserved, Active, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard

The Norwegian Forest Cat, a large cat with a strong well-developed
moderately-cobby body, long and powerful legs, a long tail, and a
round head with a wedged muzzle and wide-spaced blunt ears, has a
long, silky coat with a pronounced ruff and a heavy undercoat.

Almost identical to the Maine Coon in appearance and size (the
Norwegian Forest Cat is slightly smaller, running a maximum of 25
pounds or so, and has slightly longer hind legs, relative to the
forelegs), the Norwegian Forest Cat, or Norsk Skaukatt, is not related
to it, and may be considered an example of parallel evolution. It
evolved its long, thick coat through a spontaneous mutation centuries
back: definitely a beneficial mutation in light of those “brisk”
Scandinavian winters.

Many Norwegian Forest cats have become feral over time, and this cat
can literally be found in Norwegian Forests, as well as Swedish and
Finnish forests, surviving quite nicely far above the Arctic Circle.
Feral Norwegian Forest Cats are the most northerly ranging of all
“wild” cats. Being a large breed, it can hold its own against the

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Purebred Cats Page 23

equal-sized European Wildcat, felis sylvestris. Interbreeding
centuries back may be responsible for the woolly undercoat, almost
identical to that of the Wildcat, but the two species no longer
interbreed even when sharing the same territory.

A very old breed, the Norwegian Forest Cat is mentioned in Norse
mythology as living in Asgard (the home of the gods), and was often
used as ships’ cats by the Vikings (around 1000). It was later
mentioned in various Norwegian fairy tales put down in 1837 and again
in 1852, where it was called the “Fairy Cat.” Recognized as a
distinct breed in the early 1930’s, it was first exhibited in Oslo
before World War Two. There are many Norwegian Forest Cat
associations all over Scandinavia and Finland, but the breed is just
now becoming popular elsewhere.

The Norwegian Forest Cat is active but reserved, firmly attaching
itself to one member of the home. It is definitely a one-person cat,
and will often go into mourning if left alone. It loves to roam, but
adapts itself easily to apartment life, especially when neutered.
Like the Maine Coon, it requires lots of exercise.

Ocicat

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Spotted

The Ocicat, a large cat with a muscular cobby body, medium legs and
tail, and a round head with a square muzzle and blunt ears, has a
short, thick, and smooth spotted coat with a heavy undercoat. The
coats of some championship Ocicats are truly spectacular.

Playful, inquisitive, and an excellent hunter, it adapts well to
almost any environment.

The original Ocicat, Tonga, was a hybrid formed by the mating of a
chocolate point Siamese and a hybrid queen, herself derived from an
Abyssinian and Siamese breeding program. The breeder thought Tonga
resembled a little Ocelot, hence the breed name.

Since the days of Tonga, the Ocicat has been crossbred many times in
order to strengthen the breed and created a unique spotted breed. The
result is that today’s Ocicat is genetically essentially a spotted
American Shorthair, and is indeed a unique and special breed, its
early frailty completely gone.

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Oregon Rex

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard

The Oregon Rex, a large cat with a muscular cobby body, medium legs
and tail, and a round head with a square muzzle and large blunt ears,
has a soft and close-lying curly coat lacking guard or awn hairs.

The Oregon Rex is essentially a curly American Shorthair, the curly
gene having spontaneously occurred in a litter of Domestic Shorthair
(Heinz~) kittens in the mid 1960’s. Careful breeding with “clean”
American Shorthairs has produced the current breed.

As the Oregon Rex gene, distinct and separate from the Cornish
(German) and Devon Rex genes, is recessive to almost everything and is
easily masked by polygene influence, this breed is all but gone.
There is some current effort being made to revive and strengthen the
line: only time will tell.

Like the American Shorthair, the Oregon Rex is playful and
inquisitive, adapting well to home and family life. Since it has only
an undercoat, the guard and awn hairs being absent, it must be
protected from cold or wet weather. This uniqueness makes it non-
shedding, and ideal for people with cat allergies.

Oriental Shorthair

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Oriental, Standard, Spotted

The Oriental Shorthair, a medium-sized cat with a long oriental body,
long legs and tail, and a triangular head with a pointed muzzle and
large pointed ears, has a fine, thick, glossy, and close lying coat.

Identical to the Siamese in every way except its solid-color coat, the
Oriental Shorthair is an outgrowth of the Siamese breeding program.
Many other breeds that are crossed to “Siamese” are actually crossed
to Oriental Shorthairs.

There are two Oriental Shorthair standards, the American and the
British/European. The American standard allows the solid Oriental
colors, while the British/European standard also allows Standard and
Spotted coloration (color names are as in the Oriental colors: ebony
and white, rather than black and white). Several American cat clubs
are in the process of shifting to the British standard (after all, we
need some name for a spotted tabby “Siamese”), and eventually the

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standards will merge completely.

The chestnut Oriental Shorthair is also known as the Havana in
Britain, but is a distinctly different cat than the Havana Brown,
which is peculiar to the U.S.

Similarly, the spotted tabby Oriental Shorthair was formerly called
the Egyptian Cat or Mau, and should not be confused with the true
Egyptian Mau, which is an entirely different breed.

Being, like the Siamese, active, loving, playful, intelligent,
curious, and sensitive, the Oriental Shorthair does best with an owner
who will understand its capricious ways.

Peke-Faced Persian

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded

The Peke-Faced Persian, a large cat with a short cobby body, short
legs, medium tail, and a round head with almost no muzzle and small
round ears, has an exceptionally long, thick, and silky coat with a
definite ruff.

The Peke-Faced Persian is essentially a Persian with virtually no
muzzle, giving it a flat Pekingese-type face, complete with bulging
eyes and constant snuffle. These cats are prone to problems with the
sinuses and tear ducts and tend to weep. In our opinion, breeding or
overbreeding cats to this extent is not good for the cat and should be
disallowed: it creates problems for the poor cat and large vet bills
for the owner. We are, however, a minority voice, and the breed will
not go away.

Most clubs do not recognize the Peke-Faced Persian as a separate breed
and class them as Persians. Others recognize only solid red and red
tabby varieties. This will change with time.

Like the Persian, the Peke-Faced Persian is a quiet, tranquil cat, and
does best in a quiet home free of noise, children, and other pets.

Persian

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded

The Persian, a large cat with a short cobby body, short legs, medium

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tail, and a round head with a very short muzzle and small round ears,
has an exceptionally long, thick, and silky coat with a definite ruff.

Originally referred to as Asiatic cats as recently as 1876, the
Persian-type cat was introduced to Europe from Asia Minor about 400
years ago. By the early 1900’s, the Asiatic cat had commenced to be
bred away from the lithe, graceful body of the Turkish Angora (the
original long-haired cat) and towards the more massive and cobby body
of the British Shorthair. Early cat clubs referred to the new breed
as simply Longhairs.

Eventually the breed has achieved a body style far more cobby than the
British Shorthair and come unto its own as the Persian of today,
bearing little resemblance to the Persians of a century ago. It has
become one of the largest breeds, running typically 20-25 pounds for
an adult male, with some individuals even larger: only the Maine Coon
and Norwegian Forest Cat are larger.

The current Persian is somewhat aloof, as though it knows it’s the
showiest of show cats (perhaps it does). It is strictly a one-person
cat, requiring lots of love and care, especially in the maintenance of
its long, silky coat: daily brushings are definitely required.

Curiously, though the Persian has been bred in a wide range of colors
and patterns, those with Siamese coloring have been classed as
separate breeds, the Himalayans and the Colorpoint Longhairs. Even
more curiously, solid chocolate and lavender (lilac) Persians have
also been classed separately as the Kashmirs, sometimes called Solid-
Color Himalayans. There are no real differences in the breeds other
than coloring. A short-haired version, the Exotic Shorthair, is also
found.

When overbred (which happens all too often), the Persian can become
nervous and temperamental. This usually shows in erratic behavior and
misplaced toilet activities (like the middle of your bed). In this
event, all that can be done is to love the cat, but neuter it to
terminate the overbreeding.

It is a common practice for the uneducated to claim that their long-
haired cat is part Persian. Most long-haired Heinz~ are just that,
long-haired Heinz~ and nothing else. When a persian undergoes a
random mating, the kittens are far more likely to be shorthaired than
long-haired. Such is the way of genetics.

The Persian is a quiet, tranquil cat and does best in a quiet home
free of noise, children, and other pets.

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Ragdoll

Coat: Longhair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Siamese, (Standard Solid, Standard)

The Ragdoll, a large cat with a short cobby body, short legs, medium
tail, and flattish head with a very short muzzle and small round ears,
has an exceptionally thick, silky, non-matting coat with a definite
ruff. The original Ragdoll and Genuine Ragdoll may be found in the
standard Siamese, Siamese with particolor spotting, or Siamese with
Birman spotting patterns, while the Miracle Ragdoll may be found in
these same colors and patterns plus any of the standard solid and
standard colors.

Extremely tranquil and seemingly immune to pain, this cat does best in
a quiet home. It does not do well with small children, as its
insensitivity to pain makes it easy for it to be hurt, even quite
seriously, without crying out.

The primary physiological difference between the original Ragdoll and
its relative, the Honeybear, versus other breeds is the length of time
for maturity. The original Ragdoll and the Honeybear mature slowly,
taking a full two years to reach maturity, being somewhat ungainly in
appearance between kittenhood and maturity, and should not be bred
until at least 18 months of age. The Miracle Ragdoll and the Genuine
Ragdoll mature at a normal rate.

The original breeder and creator of the Ragdoll claims that the cat is
a phenomenon created by an automobile accident to an alleycat, that
her kittens were subsequently “a different animal in a cat’s body,”
and that the original Ragdolls, and her subsequent breeds, Honeybears
and Miracle Ragdolls, are not of the species felis cattus, but what
she calls “Cherubim Cats” [felis cherubinus?]. She cites various
skeletal differences and their unique dispositions as grounds for her
claim.

Our personal and careful investigation has shown that the parent cat
was herself most likely a mutation and that the accident, if it
occurred, had nothing whatsoever to do with the behavior of the
kittens. The radical behavior pattern evidenced in the kittens and
subsequent cats probably did not show up in the mother because of
recessive polygene masking inherent in the original mutation, which
was “washed out” by mating with normal toms.

We have been led to the conclusion that the original mutation probably
involved a change in the response of those nerve cells concerned with
esthesia (the sensations of feeling and pain), probably a simple
thickening or extension of the myelin sheaths that surround the nerve
cells, thus producing a cat that is effectively mildly anesthetized:
if it can’t feel it, it won’t object to it.

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In addition to the apparent absence of a sensation of pain, kittens
tend to be a little “twitchy,” as though they were experiencing
paresthesia (false sensations of feeling, such as the sensation of a
bug crawling on your arm when there is none there). This would follow
logically if the neurological mutation theory is correct.

As for the skeletal differences of the breeds, especially the
Honeybears, we found them to be well within standard norms and
considerably less extreme than those of the Manx, for example.

As an aside, when asked why she called her cats “Cherubim Cats,” she
replied it was because they were non-fighting. We find this curious
in light of the fact that, theologically and scripturally, the
Cherubim are God’s guards and warriors (see Genesis 3:24 and Ezekiel 1
and 10): her choice of the name was probably influenced by the
cherubs found on Valentine’s Day cards. While the singular of both
“cherubim” and “cherubs” is “cherub,” there is no other similarity
between them. Besides which, all cats fight as part of the mating
ritual, for territorial dominance, and for clowder status: Ragdolls
are no exception.

The rapid mutation of the original Ragdoll into the Honeybear and
Miracle Ragdoll, in spite of (or perhaps because of) the unique
breeding program, indicates to us that the breed may be genetically
unstable, and the complex polygene interaction might be causing rapid
radial evolution (evolution into several distinct and differing breeds
at the same time). It is a shame that the breeding program, or a
parallel program, is not in the hands of competent geneticists, as
much valuable knowledge about the workings of genetics and evolution
could be gained.

Any Ragdoll not bred under the auspices of the original breeder’s
somewhat unique program is called a Genuine Ragdoll for legal reasons,
and is recognized (usually as a simple Ragdoll) by most of the various
cat clubs in the U.S., while the original Ragdoll, Honeybear, and
Miracle Ragdoll are recognized only by the IRCA (International Ragdoll
Cat Association), a private association of which the original Ragdoll
breeder is president and founder.

Russian Blue

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Blue

The Russian Blue, a large cat with a muscular body midway between
cobby and intermediate, medium legs, short tail, and a squarish head
with a square muzzle and wide-spaced blunt ears, has a thick, short,
fine, silvery-blue double coat.

Like its cousin the European Shorthair, the Russian Blue has the

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exceptionally thick undercoat, reminiscent of the European Wildcat,
required to withstand the harsh Russian winters. The outer coat,
however, is smooth and silky, possibly as a result of the breeding
program carried out under the Romanov czars.

The breed first showed up in Archangel, on the White Sea (off the
Actic Ocean near the Finnish-Russian border), in the mid-1800’s. By
the 1900’s the breed was already competing in Britain and elsewhere,
and had been made more streamlined by crossbreeding with Siamese. The
breed effectively stabilized by the time of the Russian Revolution
into a European Blue phenotype with a leaner body and smoother coat.
It has changed little since, resisting the attempts of some breeders
to exaggerate the body conformation.

The Russian Blue was imported to the United States as the Maltese in
1900, but has since established its identity and was formally
recognized in 1947.

As an aside, the Australians recognize an identical cat in dominant
white, calling it the Russian White.

Playful, inquisitive, reserved, and an excellent hunter, the Russian
Blue adapts well to almost any environment.

Scottish Fold

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Shaded

The Scottish Fold, a medium-sized cat with a muscular cobby body,
short legs and tail, and a round head with a square muzzle and a
unique folding of its small ears, causing them to lay close to the
head like a pair of small caps, has a short, dense coat with a heavy
undercoat.

In 1961 one William Ross, a Scottish shepherd, noticed a lop-eared
British Shorthair mix kitten, Susie, belonging to his employer. Her
ears were small and folded forward, like a puppy’s. Being an alert
individual, William realized that this was unique. Thus when Susie
had a litter two years later in which two of her kittens were also
lop-eared, he obtained one of them. He named his kitten Snooks,
registered it as an experimental, and undertook a breeding program in
collaboration with professional breeders and geneticists. Thus the
Scottish fold came to be.

Breeding and testing has shown that the folded ears is controlled by a
single dominant gene (Fd), so the kittens need only be heterozygous to
have folded ears. The degree of fold is controlled by polygene
influence, and is independent of the folded-ear gene itself. When the
gene is homozygous, there is sometimes a thickening and rounding of

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the tail. At first this was bred for as part of the uniqueness of the
breed, but it developed that there is also a thickening of the limbs
as well, inhibiting the cat’s movements. Cats are now disallowed if
they have this thickening, thus homozygosity is discouraged.

The British cat clubs, led by the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy,
decided in the early 1970’s to disallow Scottish Folds. The reasons
given were a fear of ear mites and reported deafness. Both these
reasons are false: normal hygiene is sufficient to prevent ear mites,
while several of the early Scottish Folds were dominant white, and
dominant white cats are often deaf regardless of breed. The real
reasons are believed to be that the Scottish Folds were winning awards
and drawing attention away from the British Shorthairs, a breed that
has always been the favorite of the GCCF.

Whatever the reasons, the result of this blackballing has been a shift
in Scottish Fold breeding from its homeland to the U.S., where its
uniqueness is appreciated.

Being basically a British Shorthair, the Scottish Fold has a playful
and inquisitive nature. It is not overly fond of small children, and
tends to attach itself to one member of the household. It is
demonstrative in its affection and loves to snuggle, making it an
ideal cat for an invalid.

Since its folded ears do partially cover the auditory canal, it cannot
hear quite as well as a cat with pricked ears: it sort of wears
earmuffs, there’s nothing wrong with its hearing per se. Because of
the reduced hearing, it is not as good a hunter as other cats. It
adapts well to almost any environment.

Siamese

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Home or Rural
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Siamese

The Siamese, a medium-sized cat with a long oriental body, long legs
and tail, and a triangular head with a pointed muzzle, bright blue
eyes and large pointed ears, has a fine, thick, glossy, and close
lying solid-pointed, fawn-to-ivory coat .

There are some differences between the American and British/European
standards for the Siamese and related breeds: Balinese, Colorpoint
Shorthair, Javanese, and Oriental Shorthair. The American standard is
considerably more exaggerated than the British/European, which is
closer to the original Siamese in build.

This is a ancient breed, with records at least as far back as 1350,
and is truly a Siamese cat, having been bred in the temples of Siam
(now Thailand).

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There are many legends about the Siamese, especially concerning its
crossed eyes and kinked tail. One story goes that the cats were given
the task of guarding an especially sacred urn, which they did by
watching it so closely that they became cross-eyed. Another legend
says that the royal princess assigned the cats the task of protecting
her rings. She placed the rings on their tails, and the cats then
bent the tips over so they couldn’t fall off. In these ways, the cats
became cross-eyed and kink-tailed.

The Siamese was imported to Europe sometimes in the mid 1800’s, and
was already popular in the cat shows of the 1870’s. The initial
reaction to the Siamese was that it was unnatural and nightmarish,
defying all that was then thought to be the norm for the domestic cat,
but its beauty and personality soon overcame this bad press.

The Siamese is, perhaps, the most popular of all breeds. It is
extraordinarily curious, investigating absolutely everything in its
domain. Extremely intelligent, the Siamese and its cousins train well
to the leash and to car travel, and can be taught to do tricks.

The modern Siamese has an exaggerated oriental body and a long
triangular face, created by breeders from the original stock of basic
Siamese brought to England and the U.S. in the past century. This
exaggerated body structure bears little resemblance to the original
Siamese body, which was more like that of the modern-day Burmese.
This breeding program has attempted to alleviate the crossed eyes and
kinked tail, but has only been partially successful: there still
being a lot of crossed eyes and the occasional kinked tail. Legends
aside, the crossed eyes are due to the partial albinism of the Siamese
gene causing irregular nerve connections between the eyes and their
controlling muscles, producing crossed eyes and double vision: the
cat squints to compensate for this.

This cat is extremely vocal, loudly proclaiming its displeasure at the
slightest provocation. It loves to “converse,” and will answer back
when spoken to. Active, loving, playful, intelligent, curious, and
sensitive, it does best with an owner who will understand its
capricious ways.

Singapura

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Brown-Ticked Ivory, Tabby-Ticked with White

The Singapura is a small cat with a muscular intermediate body,
medium-long legs and tail, and a round head with a short tapered
muzzle, a distinctive stopped nose, strong chin, large eyes, and large
pointed ears. Its coat is soft and silky, somewhat springy to the
touch, and is only allowed in two unique colors: brown-ticked ivory

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and tabby-ticked with white, which are very similar. This is the
smallest of the domestic cats, with full-grown males barely making six
pounds.

The basic street cat in its native Singapore, the origins of this
breed are obscure. Some say there has been a recent influx of some
wild species. While this is certainly possible, it doesn’t show in
the temperament. Many colors are found in the Singapuran street cats,
but as yet only two special colors are recognized in the breed.

The people of Singapore are generally not cat lovers (except as food)
and the Singapura has learned through countless generations to be wary
of people. This has resulted in an exceptionally quiet and shy cat:
Singapuras often won’t meow even when injured, lest they attract
attention and wind up in the stewpot.

For quiet, reserved people in a quiet and peaceful lifestyle, this is
an ideal cat, giving all of its love and affection unreservedly to
someone who has gained its trust.

Si-Rex

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Siamese, Colorpoint

The Si-Rex is a small cat with a slender oriental body, long legs and
tail, and a triangular head with a pointed muzzle, a long straight
nose, large eyes, and large blunt ears. Its has an unusual face,
giving it a mischievous and pixieish appearance. Its coat is very
curly and wavy, composed only of down hairs, making it unusually
short, fine, soft and silky. The Si-Rex is simply a Cornish Rex with
Siamese coloration.

Like the Cornish Rex, the Si-Rex is agile, affectionate, intelligent,
and tranquil, and adapts well to family life, becoming an ideal lap
cat for a quiet owner.

Lacking awn hairs (running around in its underwear, as it were), it
sunburns easily and must be an indoor-only cat. It is a non-shedding
cat (no outer coat), making it ideal for people with cat allergies.

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Snowshoe

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Reserved, Tranquil, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Siamese with Birman Spotting

The Snowshoe, a medium-sized cat with a massive oriental body, medium
legs and tail, and a broad round head with a short muzzle and rounded
ears, has a short and glossy, but not too fine, Birman-spotted Siamese
coat.

Created by crossing Birmans with Siamese and American Shorthairs, the
Snowshoe is essentially a short-haired Birman.

Like the Birman, it is tranquil, sociable, and intelligent, and does
best with quiet people and may mope if left alone.

Somali

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family with Children
Colors: Abyssinian

A medium-sized cat with a sleek intermediate body, long legs and tail,
and a wedge head with a tapered muzzle and large, pointed, often-
tufted ears, the Somali has several bands of ticking, sometimes as
many as a dozen, on its extremely soft, long, and ruff-less all-agouti
coat. It has distinctive puma-like facial markings.

The Abyssinian sometimes carries a recessive longhair (l) gene, which
was to be found in some of the original stock imported from Britain
during the 1930’s. For many generations, breeders quietly neutered or
destroyed long-haired kittens, but in the 1960’s a group of breeders
set about to create and perfect the long-haired Abyssinian. The
beautiful Somali is the result: a very striking cat, and certainly
one of the most beautiful.

Like its brother the Abyssinian, the Somali is active, intelligent and
affectionate. It adapts well to family life, and is easily trained.

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Sphinx

Coat: Shorthair (Hairless)
Environment: Apartment
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Quiet
Best With: Family
Colors: Standard Solid, Standard, Siamese, Colorpoint

The Sphynx, a small cat with an intermediate body, long legs and tail,
and a wedge head with a short square muzzle, stopped nose and large
wide-spaced ears, is a hairless cat, with a slight fuzz of down hairs
present on some individuals. Color is carried in the skin itself.

Bred from a hairless Oriental Shorthair kitten born in Ontario,
Canada, in 1966, the Sphynx is not recognized by all cat clubs. Some
people feel that its hairlessness removes all that is beautiful about
a cat. Such people only see beauty on the outside, but the Sphinx,
like all cats, is beautiful all the way through.

For a person with severe allergies, the Sphinx provides the ideal
solution: there is no cat hair or dander to be allergic to. The
Sphinx loves to receive and show affection, but is not especially wild
about being cuddled. It loves cat beds, pillows, etc. made of soft
fabrics like cotton flannelette (used to make baby sleepers).

A sociable and affectionate cat, the Sphynx must, because of its
hairlessness, be kept indoors at all times and protected from drafts,
as it catches cold very easily. It adapts well to family life. While
we don’t normally recommend Kitty Koats and other such wearing apparel
(why hide a beautiful cat?), they are perhaps a good idea in the case
of the Sphinx.

Tiffany

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Sable

The Tiffany, a medium-sized cat with a solid muscular oriental body,
long slender legs and tail, and a round head with a tapered muzzle and
blunt ears, has a medium-long, very silky coat of a rich sable-brown
color with a lighter brown ruff.

Bred by cross breeding the Burmese with various long-haired cats, the
Tiffany is essentially a long-haired Burmese. Kittens are born short-
haired with an interesting cafe-au-lait color. Both long-hairedness
and the sable color develop slowly. The color is seldom as rich as
the short-haired Burmese itself, probably due to some polygene
interaction. Nonetheless, the Tiffany is essentially a long-haired
Burmese.

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Like the Burmese, the Tiffany is affectionate and intelligent, and
does best with one person who will return its affection and talk to
it.

Tonkinese

Coat: Shorthair
Environment: Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Active, Vocal
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Tonkinese

The Tonkinese, a medium-sized cat with an oriental body, long legs and
tail, and a moderately triangular head with a tapered muzzle and
rounded ears, has a soft, shiny, and close-lying medium-dark, Siamese-
pointed coat.

Genetically both a Burmese and a Siamese, it is by definition
heterozygous and cannot breed true. If a homozygous Burmese (cbcb) is
mated with a homozygous Siamese (cscs), all kittens will be Tonkinese
(cbcs). If one Tonkinese is mated with another, the Mendelian pattern
of four kittens will be one Burmese (or Malayan) (cbcb), two Tonkinese
(cbcs), and one Siamese (cscs). The Burmese and Siamese will be as
purebred as if they had Burmese or Siamese parents.

The originators of this breed got carried away with naming the colors,
calling them “minks”: natural mink, blue mink, honey mink, champagne
mink, cinnamon mink, fawn mink, red mink, and cream mink.

Curious, active, and fond of company, the Tonkinese does best with an
owner who will provide lots of affection.

Turkish Angora

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: White

The Turkish Angora, the original long-haired breed, is a medium-sized
cat with a slim intermediate body, long legs and tail, and a wedge
head with a tapered muzzle and pointed ears. Its pure white coat is
long, silky and very soft, thinning and shortening in warm weather
almost to the point of become a shorthair, but with the tail remaining
full. This is perhaps the most elegant of all breeds, being very
clean-lined and graceful. When in its “short” phase, it is
exceptionally beautiful. Eye color is always golden orange, pale
blue, or odd (one of each). Blue-eyed cats are often deaf, but can
still make excellent indoor-only cats.

There is some discussion that the Turkish Angora descends from Pallas’

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Cat, felis manul, rather than the African Wildcat, felis lybica, but
most zoologists agree that there are significant objections to this
theory. It is most likely that the longhair gene is the result of a
spontaneous mutation sometime before 1000, and that the cats being in
a restricted area, central Asia Minor, allowed the mutant recessive
gene to become firmly entrenched. The result was that over time the
longhair gene spread both northward and southward, into Russia and
Persia (now Iran).

In the 16th century, Angora cats (Angora is the former name of Ankara,
the capital of Turkey) were brought from Turkey to France, where they
were an immediate hit.

In the late 19th century, however, the Angora cats had to compete with
the relative newcomers, the long-haired Russians and Persians, and the
Persians won out. The Russians and Angoras disappeared from Europe,
the Russians never to rise again.

In its native Turkey the Angora not only didn’t disappear, it
proliferated. The Ankara Zoo, in recognition of the Angora being a
native Turkish animal, undertook a long-term breeding program which
was very successful. The Angora can be found throughout Turkey, in
many colors and patterns.

In the 1960’s the beautiful dominant white Turkish Angora was imported
into the U.S. from its native Turkey, and became an immediate hit. It
received full recognition in 1970, and has been the aristocrat of cats
ever since.

A black variety is also being bred, but has not yet gained
recognition, while a chocolate variety is recognized in Britain.

Tranquil and affectionate, the Turkish Angora (simply Angora in
Britain) is ideally suited for a one-person apartment.

Turkish Van

Coat: Extra-Care Longhair
Environment: Apartment or Home
Disposition: Affectionate, Tranquil, Quiet
Best With: One-Person
Colors: Van

The Turkish Van, a modified Turkish Angora from way back during the
Crusades, is a medium-sized cat with a moderate intermediate body,
long legs and tail, and a wedge head with a tapered muzzle and pointed
ears. Its white van coat is long, silky and very soft, thinning and
shortening in warm weather almost to the point of becoming a
shorthair, but with the tail remaining full. The van markings may be
any color, but the preferred color is red, called auburn in this breed
only.

This cat has one very interesting and unique characteristic: it loves

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water! It loves water so much that many owners report that they
turned on the water to draw a bath, left the bathroom for a few
minutes, and returned to find a tub full of cat!

Tranquil and affectionate, the Turkish Van is ideally suited for a
one-person apartment with a bathtub.

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Purebred Cats Page 38

Examples Of Pregnancy Terminations In Different Cultures

The methods used by primitive people to prevent conception
were many and varied, and were dependent on knowledge of the
relationship between sex and pregnancy. The vast array of methods
reported in various parts of the world testifies to the universality and
the intensity of the human desire to regulate reproductivity. These
methods include abstinence, prolonged nursing of infants, coitus
interruptus, the use of potions, herbs and extracts thought to have
contraceptive powers, spermicidal douches, and, in one culture, the use
of a rope tied around a woman’s waist. These methods are characterized
by one or more disadvantages: they interfere with the sexual act, they
are harmful to womeen, or they are totally ineffective. If human couple
did try to practice contraception Paleolithic, it is little wonder that
they still resorted to infanticide.
Recent anthropological evidence suggests that both family
planning and population control were very much a part of the
pre-agricultural way of life. Many anthropologists believe that
infanticide was a widely used method of family planning by the
hunter-gatherer. During this age, it may have involved as much as 50 per
cent of the total number of births. Infanticide spares the mother the
risks to her health, which until recently, accompanied abortion. It
allowed for precision in family planning since the lives of sick
offspring and those of the wrong sex could be terminated while healthy
offspring of the right sex could be spared. As late as the present
century, the Bondei of West Africa strangled infants at birth is any of
the numerous portents and omens for which they watch are unfavorable, or
if the infant’s upper teeth come in first. In Madagascar, all children
born on certain unlucky days were killed to prevent them from bringing
bad luck to the parents.
The Rendille, a tribal of camel herders in the Kenya highlands,
use a variety of methods to keep their population within the limits that
can be supported by the camel herd. In addition to postponing the age of
marriage of women and sending women to be married out of the tribe, they
kill off boys born after the next eldest son is old enough to have been
circumcised, and boys born on Wednesdays. Among this tribe, Wednesday’s
child is indeed full of woe.
In a number of cultures, abortion is practised among women at
the extreme ends of the reproductive continuum. Some abort their first
pregnancies out of a belief that subsequent pregnancies will be easier
to deliver. Fear of pregnancy at the upper end of the reproductive age
range is apparent in other cultures which abort pregnancies taking place
after a certain age. In one tribe a woman must not bear children after
her daughter’s puberty, which can be delayed, however, if the mother
wishes to wear an amulet.

Various methods of terminating pregnancies:

Throughout Melanesia the practice of jumping from high places
which was also a common method of suicide was widespread. Navaho women
carried a log around, resting it on top of their abdomens. In New
Britain women clasped the waist on both sides, pressing and working
their fingers into their abdomen in an attmept to expel the foetus.
Among the Crow and Assiniboine Indians, the unwillingly pregnant woman
lay on her back, a plank was placed across her stomach and several
women jumped up and down on the plank until blood spurted from her
vagina.
In one culture the woman lay on heated coconut husks, in another
she lay on the coals of a fire that had been doused with water to
produce steam. Irritating substances were also used, including ground up
black beetles and irritating leaves. In one culture, ants were made to
bite the abdomen of the woman, who then ingested them by mouth.
Oral preparations thought to have abortifacient properties
abounded. The Jivaro woman was forced to take a raw egg, presumably in
the hope that the foetus would be expelled in the vomiting that ensued.
The Masai had a number of methods, one of which was the eating of goat
dung which acted as an emetic. The Menomini, a group of Algonquin
Indians who lived in what is now Wisconsin, chopped up the tail harirs
from the black tailed deer and administered it in bear fat, thus causing
gastric irritation and possibly uterine contractions.
The combination of magic, along with drugs or mechanical methods
was common in primitive cultures, and represented a healthy commitment
to the belief that the gods can always use a helping human hand. Among
the Hopi Indians there was a belief that a woman may abort simply by
wishing it. Among the Dahomeyan people in West Africa, if a pregnant
woman was ill, the foetus was formally tried. If found guilty of causing
her illness, it was aborted.

Astral Projection Part II By The Joker And The Occult Crue

<————————————————————–

The following was taken directly from the book Journeys Out of
the Body, by Robert A. Monroe.

THE SEPARATION PROCESS

After you have achieved the state of vibration and some control
of your stage of relaxation, one additional factor must be
considered. It is probable that you have already obtained it,
since it is ordinarily a product of the previous exercises.
However, it should be emphasized.
This factor is thought control. In the state of
vibration, you are apparently subject to every thought, both
willful and involuntary, that crosses your mind. Thus you must
be as close to "no thought" or "single thought" (concentration)
as possible. If one stray idea passes through your mind, you
respond instantly, and sometimes in an undesirable manner. I
suspect that one is never completely free of such misdirection.
At least I have not been, which may account for the many
inexplicable trips to places and people I do not know. They seem
to be triggered by thoughts or ideas I didn't realize I had,
below the conscious level. The only approach is to do the best
you can.
With this in mind, the first practices of disassociating
the Second from the physical body should be limited in time and
action. What follows is designed basically as a familiarization
and orientation technique which should permit an approach to
disassociation without fear or concern.
Release of extremities. This serves to acquaint you with
the sensation of the Second Body without full commitment. After
relaxation and creation of the vibration state, work with either
your right or left hand and arm, one at a time. This is
important, as it will be your first affirmation of the reality of
the Second. With one hand, reach for any object – floor, wall,
door, or whatever – that you remember as being beyond the reach
of your physical arm. Reach for that object. Make the reaching
process neither upward nor downward, but out in the direction
your arm is pointing. Reach as if you were stretching your arm,
not raising or lowering it. A variation is simply to reach out
with the hand and arm in the same manner with no special object
in mind. Often this method is better, as you then have no
preconceived idea of what you will "feel."
When you reach out in this fashion and feel nothing, push
your hand a little farther. Keep pushing gently, as if
stretching you arm, until your hand encounters some material
object. If the vibration pattern is in effect, it will work, and
your hand will eventually feel or touch something. When it does,
examine with your sense of touch the physical details of the
object. Feel for any cracks, grooves, or unusual details which
you will later be able to identify. At this point, nothing will
seem unusual. Your sensory mechanisms will tell you that you are
touching the object with your physical hand.
Here, then, is your first test. After acquainting
yourself with the object with your outstretched hand, straighten
out your hand and push against the object with your fingertips.
You will encounter resistance at first. Push a little harder,
and gently overcome the resistance you feel. At this point, your
hand will seem to go right through the object. Keep pushing
until your hand is completely through the object and meets some
other physical object. Identify the second object by touch.
Then carefully withdraw your hand, back through the first object,
and slowly back to normal, so that it feels as if it is where it
"belongs."
With this, decrease the vibrations. The best way to do
this is slowly to attempt to move the physical body. Think of
the physical body, and open your physical eyes. Bring back your
physical senses, deliberately.
Once the vibrations have faded away completely, lie still
for a few minutes for full and complete return. Then get up and
make a notation of the object which you "felt," locating it
relative to the position of your hand and arm when you were lying
down. Note the details of both the first and second objects
which you felt. Having done this, compare your description with
the actual first object. Make special note of small details
which you could not have seen from a distance. Physically feel
the object to compare it with what you felt under the vibrations.
Examine the second object in the same manner. You may
not have been consciously aware of its presence or position prior
to the experiment. This too is important. Test the line of
direction from the place where your physical hand lay, through
the first object and up to the second. Is it a straight line?
Check your results. Was the first object you touched
physically located at a distance it would have been absolutely
impossible to reach without physical movement? Did the details
of the object – especially the minute details – coincide with the
notes you have made? Make the same comparison for the second
object.
If your answers are affirmative, you have had your first
success. If the facts do not check out, try again another day.
Almost without qualification, if you have produced the
vibrational state, you can perform this exercise.
You can also practice the following quite easily. After
producing the vibrational state, lying on your back, arms either
at your sides or on your chest, gently lift your arms without
looking at them and touch your fingers together. Do this quite
casually, abstractly, and remember the sensory results. Once you
have clasped your hands above your chest, look at them first with
your closed eyes. If you have moved easily enough, you will see
both physical and non-physical arms. Your physical arms will be
at rest at your side or upon your chest. The sensory impressions
will be with the non-physical arms and hands above your physical
body. You should test this phenomenon as many times as you wish,
however you desire. Prove to yourself that you are moving not
your physical arms, but something else. Do it by whatever means
are necessary to give you full assurance of this reality.
It is important always to return your non-physical arms
to full conjunction with their physical counterparts before
"shutting off" the vibration state. Although there may be no
severe aftereffect if this is not done, I think it best not to
find out in the early stages.
Disassociation technique. The simplest method to use in
separating from the physical is the "lift-out" procedure. The
intent here it not to travel to far-off places, but to get
acquainted with the sensation in your own room, with familiar
surroundings. The reason for this is that the first true
experience will then be examined and explored with identifiable
points of reference.
In order to assist in this orientation, it is better that
these first complete disassociation exercises be conducted during
daylight. Test for yourself your needs in regard to the amount
of light in the room. Avoid using an electric light if possible.
To establish the condition, achieve the vibrational
state, and maintain complete control of your thought processes.
You are going to stay only in the confines of your familiar room.
Think of getting lighter, of floating upward, of how nice it
would be to float upward. Be sure to think how nice it would be,
as the subjective associated thought is most important. You want
to do this because it is something you will respond to
emotionally; you react even before the act, in anticipation. If
you continue to hold only these thoughts, you will disassociate
and float gently upward from your physical. You may not achieve
it the first time, or the second. But quite surely, if you have
achieved the preceding exercises, you will achieve it.
A second method is the "rotation" technique, which has
been mentioned elsewhere. Under the same prescribed conditions,
slowly try to turn over, just as if you were turning over in bed
to be more comfortable. Make no attempt to help yourself rotate
with either arms or legs. Start turning by twisting the top of
your body, your head and shoulders, first. By all means move
slowly, exerting gently but firm pressure. If you do not, you
may become loose and actually spin like a log rolling in water
before you can alter the pressure. Such action is disconcerting
only because you may lose all orientation and be forced to find
your way back carefully in rotation juncture.
The ease with which you begin to turn, with no friction
or sense of weight, will inform you that you have begun to
succeed in disassociating. As this happens, turn slowly until
you feel that you have moved 180 degrees (i.e., face to face with
your physical body). It is uncanny how you will recognize this
position. this 180 degrees about face is merely two 90 degree
turns, and without orientation, it is easy to sense.
Once you are in the 180 degree position, stop the
rotation by merely thinking of doing so. Without hesitation,
think of floating upward, backing up away from the physical body.
Again, if you have reached the vibrational state successfully,
this method will surely bring results.
Of the two separation techniques, the first should be
tried before the second. Then, after both have been examined and
tested, the one that seems easiest to you should be utilized.
Local experiments and familiarization. Once you have
succeeded in the separation process, it is most important for
your own objective continuity that you remain in complete
control. The only possible way to do this seems to be by staying
close to the physical in the early stages. Whatever you may feel
emotionally, keep in close proximity to the physical. This
admonition is made not because of any known danger, but so that
you will maintain a step-by-step familiarity and thus perceive
for yourself exactly what is taking place. Wild, uncontrolled
trips at this stage may well produce uncomfortable situations and
conditions that will force you to relearn much of what you have
already achieved. The process of mental acclamation will be
different from any you have ever consciously experienced. The
gradual adaptation will greatly enhance your peace of mind and
confidence.
At this point, the principal exercise is to return. Keep
your separation distance no more than three feet away, hovering
over the physical. Do not make any attempt at this time to move
laterally or farther "up." How do you know how far aware you
are? Again, this is something you sense. Your vision now is
zero. You have conditioned yourself not to open your eyes, and
let them remain closed for the moment. Stay close to the
physical. The mental concept of this will keep you in proper
range.
For the next three or four exercises, do nothing but
practice getting "out" and returning to the physical. To return
under these conditions, merely "think" yourself back into the
physical, and you will return. If you have used the first method
of separation, the reintegration is relatively simple. When you
are back in exact alignment, you will be able to move any portion
of the physical body and reactivate any or all of your physical
senses. Each time you return, open your physical eyes and
physically sit up so that you know you are completely "back
together." This is to ensure orientation, to instill confidence
that you can return at will, and most important, to assure
yourself of continued contact with the material world in which
you now belong. Whatever you believe, this reassurance is most
necessary.
If you have applied the rotation method, move slowly back
toward the physical, again by thinking of it, and when you feel
you have made complete contact, start your rotation back 180
degrees to conjunction with the physical. It seems to make no
difference whether you continue the circle of rotation or reverse
and turn back in a motion opposite to that which helped you
release.
In both techniques, there seems to be a slight,
click-like jerk when you are again in conjunction with the
physical. An exact description of this sensation is quite
difficult, but you will recognize it. Always wait a few moments
before sitting up after you have returned, primarily to avoid any
possible uneasiness. Give yourself some time to readjust to the
physical environment. The physical act of sitting up provides
evidence of continuity in a demonstrable form; you will know
that you can consciously, willfully act in a physical movement
interspersed with experiments in the non-physical environment and
retain conscious awareness throughout the process.
You will have completed the cycle when you are able to
separate, return to the physical, sit up and note the time, go
back to the separation process, and return to the the physical a
second time, all without loss of conscious continuity. The
notation of the clock reading will help in this.
The next step in familiarization is to separate to a
slightly farther distance, applying the same procedures. Any
distance up to ten feet will do. Always keep mental
concentration on a single purpose without stray though patterns,
especially in these extended exercises. After you have become
accustomed to the feeling of being more "apart," mentally tell
yourself that you can see. Do not think of the act of opening
your eyes, as this may well transmit you to the physical and
diminish the vibrational state. Instead, think of seeing, that
you can see – and you will see. There will be no sensation of
eye opening. The blackness will just disappear suddenly. At
first, your seeing may be dim, as if in half-light, indistinct or
myopic. It is not known at present why this is so, but with use,
your vision will become more sharp.
The first sight of your physical body lying below you
should not be unnerving if you have applied the previous
exercises. After you are satisfied that it is "you" lying there,
visually examine the room from the perspective of your position.
Mentally move slightly in one direction or another, slowly and
never violently. Move your arms and legs to reassure yourself of
your mobility. Roll around and cavort in the new element if you
wish, always staying within the prescribed range of the physical.

Astral Projection Part I By The Joker And The Occult Crue

This information is taken directly from the book Journeys Out of
the Body by Robert A. Monroe.

Throughout this writing, I have made many references to
one evident fact: the only possible way for an individual to
appreciate the reality of this Second Body and existence within
it is to experience it himself.
Obviously, if this were an easy task, it would now be
commonplace. I suspect that only an innate curiosity will enable
people to overcome the obstacles in the path of this achievement.
Although there are many cases of existence experienced apart from
the physical body, they have for the most part – at least in the
Western world – been of a spontaneous, one time nature, occurring
during moments of stress or physical disability.
We are speaking of something entirely different, which
can be objectively investigated. The experimenter will want to
proceed in a manner that will produce consistent results, perhaps
not every time, but often enough to validate the evidence to his
own satisfaction. I believe that anyone can experience existence
in a Second Body if the desire is great enough. Whether or not
anyone should is beyond the scope of my judgment.
Evidence has led me to believe that most, if not all,
human beings leave their physical bodies in varying degrees
during sleep. Subsequent reading has proved that this idea is
thousands of years old in man’s history. If it is a valid
premise, then the condition itself is not unnatural. On the
other hand, conscious, willful practice of separation from the
physical is contrary to the pattern, it would seem, in view of
the limited data available.
Harmful physical effects from such activity are
undetermined. I have not detected (nor have any physicians) any
physiological changes, good or bad, that can be attributed
directly to the out-of-the-body experience.
There have been many psychological changes that I
recognize, and probably many more that I have not been aware of.
However, even my friends in the psychiatric profession have not
claimed that these have been detrimental. My gradual revision of
basic concepts and believes is apparent in a number of ways
throughout this writing. If these psychological and personality
changes are truly harmful, there is not much that can be done
about it now.
A note of caution is in order here for those who are
interested in experimenting, for once opened, the doorway to this
experience cannot be closed. More exactly, it is a copy of “you
can’t live with it and you can’t live without it.” The activity
and resultant awareness are quite incompatible with the science,
religion, and mores of the society in which we live. History is
strewn with martyrs whose only crime was non-conformity. If your
interest and research become commonly known, you run the risk of
being labeled a freak, phony, or worse, and of being ostracized.
In spite of this, something extremely vital would be missing if
you did not continue to explore and investigate. In the
unaccountable “low” periods when you cannot produce this activity
no matter how carefully you try, you realize this deeply. You
have a strong sense of being left out of things, of the shutting
out of a source of great meaning to living.
Here, then, is the best written description I can give of
the technique of developing the non-physical experience.

THE FEAR BARRIER

There is one great obstacle to the investigation of the
Second Body and the environment in which it operates. Perhaps it
is the only major barrier. It seems to be present in all
people, without exception. It may be hidden by layers of
inhibition and conditioning, but when these are stripped away,
the obstacle remains. This is the barrier of blind, unreasoning
fear. Given only small impetus, it turns to panic, and then to
terror. If you consciously pass the fear barrier, you will have
passed a milestone in your investigation.
I am reasonably sure that this barrier is passed
unconsciously by many of us each night. When that part of us
beyond our consciousness takes over, it is not inhibited by fear,
although it seems to be influenced by the thought and action of
the conscious mind. It seems to be accustomed to operating
beyond the fear barrier, and understands better the rules of
existence in this other world. When the conscious mind shuts
down for the night, this Super Mind (soul?) takes over.
The investigative process relative to the Second Body and
its environment appears to be a melding or blending of the
conscious with this Super Mind. If this is accomplished, the
fear barrier is overcome.
The fear barrier is many-faceted. The most fearless of
us think it does not exist, until, much to our own surprise, we
encounter it within ourselves. First and foremost, there is the
death fear. Because separation from the physical body is much
like what is expected at death, early reactions to the experience
are automatic. You think, “Get back in the physical, quickly!
You are dying! Life is there, in the physical; get back in!”
These reactions appear in spite of any intellectual or
emotional training. Only after repeating the process eighteen to
twenty times did I finally gather enough courage (and curiosity)
to stay out more than a few seconds and observe objectively. The
death fear was either sublimated or assuaged by familiarity.
Others who have tried the technique have stopped after the first
or second experience, unable to suppress this first aspect of the
barrier.
The second aspect of the fear barrier is also linked with
the death fear: will I be able to return to the physical or to
get back “in.” With no guidelines or specific instructions, this
remained a prime fear of mine for several years, until I found a
simple answer that made it work every time. Mine was a matter of
rationalization. I had been “out” several hundred times, and the
evidence showed that I was able to return safely one way or
another. Therefore, the probability was that I would return
safely the next time also.
The third basic fear was fear of the unknown. The rules
and dangers of our physical environment can be determined to a
reasonable degree. We have spent our lifetime building up
reflexes to cope with them. Now, suddenly, here is another,
completely different set of rules, another world of entirely
different possibilities, populated by beings who seem to know all
of them. You have no rule book, no road map, no book of
etiquette, no applicable courses in physics and chemistry, no
incontrovertible authority you can turn to for advice and
answers. Many a missionary has been killed in a remote land
under just such conditions!
I must confess that this third fear still crops up, and
with justification. The unknown is still to a great degree
unknown. Such penetration as I have made has brought forth
pitifully few unalterable and consistent rules. I can say only
that, to date, I have survived these expeditions. There is so
much that I do not comprehend or understand, and more that is
beyond my ability to do so.
Another fear is the consequent effects on the physical
body as well as on the conscious mind of participation and
experimentation in this form of activity. This too is very real,
as our history, at least to my knowledge, does not seem to
contain accurate reporting of this area. We have studies on
paranoia, schizophrenia, phobias, epilepsy, alcoholism, sleeping
sickness, acne, virus diseases, etc., but no assembled body of
objective data on the pathology of the Second Body.
I do not know how to circumvent the fear barrier, except
by cautious initial steps that create familiarity bit by bit as
you proceed. I hope this writing in its entirety will provide
the psychological “step” over the barrier. It may help to
recognize conditions and patterns that are familiar in that at
least one person has had similar experiences and survived.
The following are the necessary procedural developments.

1. RELAXATION

The ability to relax is the first prerequisite, perhaps
even the first step itself. It is deliberately generated, and is
both physical and metal. Included with the condition of
relaxation must be the relief from any sense of time urgency.
You cannot be in a hurry. No pending appointments or anticipated
calls for your services or attention must clutter up your
thoughts. Impatience of any sort can effectively stifle your
prospects for success.
There are many techniques available for obtaining this
kind of relaxation, and a number of good books cover the subject.
Simply select the method that works best for you. There are
three general methods that seem to work, two of which are
applicable in these exercises.
Auto- or self-hypnosis. Most self-study books offer this
method in different versions. Again, it is a matter of which is
most effective for you individually. The most efficient and
speediest way is to learn self-hypnosis through the training of
an experienced hypnotist. He can set up posthypnotic suggestion
that will bring immediate results. However, select a tutor with
care. Responsible practitioners are rare, and neophytes
numerous. Forms of meditation can be converted to effective
relaxation.
Borderland sleep state. This is perhaps the easiest and
most natural method and usually ensures relaxation of both body
and mind simultaneously. The difficulty here lies in the
maintenance of that delicate “edge” between sleep and complete
wakefulness. All too often, you simply fall asleep and that ends
the experiment for the moment.
By practice, conscious awareness can be taken up to this
borderland state, into it, and through it, to your destination.
There is no way to achieve it that I know of that than practice.
The technique is as follows: lie down, preferably when you are
tired and sleepy. As you become relaxed and start to drift off
to sleep, hold your mental attention on something, anything, with
your eyes closed. Once you can hold the borderland state
indefinitely without falling asleep, you have passed the first
stage. It is, however, a normal pattern to fall asleep many
times in the process of this consciousness deepening. You will
not be able to help yourself, but do not let this discourage you.
It is not an overnight process. You will know you are
successful when you become bored and expect something more to
happen!
If attempts to remain at the borderland state make you
nervous, this too is a normal reaction. The conscious mind seems
to resent sharing the authority it has during wakefulness. If
this occurs, break the relaxation, get up and walk around,
exercise, and lie down again. If this does not relieve the
nervousness, go to sleep and try another time. You are just not
in the mood.
When your “fixative,” the picture thought you have been
holding, slips away and you find yourself thinking of something
else, you are close to completion of condition A.
Once you have achieved Condition A – the ability to hold
calmly in the borderland state indefinitely with your mind on an
exclusive thought – you are ready for the next step. Condition B
is similar, but with the concentration eliminated. Do not think
of anything, but remain poised between wakefulness and sleep.
Simply look through your closed eyes at the blackness ahead of
you. Do nothing more. After a number of these exercises, you
may hallucinate “mind pictures,” or light patterns. These seem
to have no great significance, and may merely be forms of neural
discharge. I can remember, for example, attempting to achieve
this state after watching a football game on TV for several
hours. All I saw were mind pictures of football players
tackling, running, passing, etc. It took at least a half hour
for the pattern to fade away. These mind pictures are apparently
related to your visual concentration in the preceding eight or
ten hours. The more intense the concentration, the longer it
seems to take to eliminate the impressions.
You have accomplished Condition B when you are able to
lie indefinitely after the impressions have faded away, with no
nervousness, and seeing nothing but blackness.
Condition C is a systematic deepening of consciousness
while in the B state. This is approached by carefully letting go
of your rigid hold on the borderland sleep edge and drifting
deeper little by little during each exercise. You will learn to
establish degrees of this deepening of consciousness by “going
down” to a given level and returning at will. You will recognize
these degrees by the shutting down of various sensory mechanism
inputs. The sense of touch apparently goes first. You seem to
have no feeling in any part of your body. Smell and taste soon
follow. The auditory signals are next, and the last to fade out
is vision. (Sometimes the last two are reversed; I suspect that
the reason for vision being last is that exercises calls for the
use of the visual network, even in blackness.)
Condition D is the achievement of C when one is fully
rested and refreshed, rather than tired and sleepy, at the
beginning of the exercise. This is quite important, and not
nearly as easy to achieve as it is to write about. To enter the
relaxation state full of energy and wakefulness is great
insurance for maintaining conscious control. The best approach
to take in the early attempts at the Condition D exercise is to
start it immediately after you wake up from a nap or a night’s
sleep. Start the exercise before you move around in bed
physically, while your body is still relaxed from sleep and your
mind is fully alert. Don’t take too many liquids before
sleeping, and you won’t have the immediate need to empty your
bladder upon awakening.
Induction by drugs. None of the relaxation-producing
drugs that are readily available seem to help. Barbiturates

The Etymology Of The Word “Posh”

From: jerryg@jaiser.rain.com (Jerry Gaiser)
Subject: POSH

This re-emergence of POSH has caused me to dig into one of the best books
(IMNSHO) on the etymology of words, The Browser’s Dictionary by John Ciardi.

I quote (of course without permission):


posh Swanky. Deluxe. [A direct borrowing of the form but not the sense of
Romany ‘posh’, half. Brit. Gypsies commonly, if warily, worked with Brit.
rogues. ‘Shiv’, Romany for “knife,” came into Eng. through this association.
Similarly ‘rum go’ is at root ‘Rom go’, “a Gypsy thing,” hence a queer thing.
Brit. rogues came to know posh in such compounds as ‘posh-houri,’ half pence,
and ‘posh-kooroona,’ half crown, so associating it with money, and from
XVII to mid XIX ‘posh’ meant “money” in thieve’s cant, the sense then
shifting to “swank, fashionable, expensive” (“the good things money can
buy”)]
NOTE. A pervasive folk etymology renders the term as an acronym of
p(ort) o(out), s(tarboard) h(ome), with ref. to the ideal accomodations
on the passage to India by way of the Suez Canal, a packet service provided
by the Peninsula and Eastern steamship line. The acronym is said to explain
the right placement of one’s stateroom for being on the shady or the lee
side of the ship. On the east-west passage it is true, the ship being north
of the sun, that the acronym will locate the shady side (though time of year
will make a substantial difference). The lee side, however, is determined
by the monsoon winds, and since they blow into the Asian heartland all
summer and out all winter, only the season can determine which side will be
sheltered. The earlier dating of ‘posh’ as glossed above sufficently refutes
the ingenious (but too late) acronymic invention. And as a clincher, veterans
of the Peninsula and Eastern, questioned about the term, replied that they
had never heard it in the acronymic sense.

Just another data point.


Jerry Gaiser (jerryg@jaiser.rain.com) (voice) 503-359-4017
Fidonet 1:105/380 (bbs) 503-359-5111
PBBS n7pwf@n7pwf.or.usa.na
.. I read banned books ..

The Poisons Of The Realm (For A Game)

– Poisons of the Realm –

This document reveals most of the poisons, toxins, venoms, and
acids that have been discovered in use around the realms. The
terms are described below. Note that some of these are real-life
poisons and should NOT EVER be considered for anything other than
game use. I REPEAT, THIS DOCUMENT IS ONLY FOR A GAME!!

Definitions:

Poison: Some form of harmful substance that exists in
naturally with no alterations from PC’s (Other than
the collecting of said poison)

Toxin: A damaging substance that does NOT occur in nature.
A toxin must be produced manualy by an alchemist or
assassin.

Mixture: A substance that is used as a poison, but must be
made and produced by magic.

Venom, Spit:A sdamaging substance that is produced ONLY within
the glands of an animal. Generally thought to be
the strongest of the poison types, but also the
hardest to collect.

Acid: A corrosive substance that either exists in nature,
is produced by an animal gland, or is produced by
someone. Causes damage upon contact but can
usually be washed off upon initial contact to stop
damage, unlike a poison.

—————————————————————–

– Forms of Poisons –

Ingestive: This form of poison is the most common. To effect
a creature, it must first ingest the poison. This
means that the creature must eat the poison one way
or another. Getting a poison in this form is of a
normal cost.

Insinuative: This form of poison will effect a creature just by
getting it into it’s blood stream. This is the
form of poison that is used on weapons. (And in
specialized weapons as a Dagger of Venom). This
form of poison costs an extra 50% to create (Cost *
1.5)

Contact: This form of poison will effect a creature just by
coming in contact with the poison. This is one of
the most expensive and most dangerous forms. Many
a user has slain themselves through carelessness.
This form of poison costs 300% normal cost (Cost *
3) NOTE: This form of poison is easily bypassed
by thick gloves. However I have heard of an
assassin which mixes acid and poison for just that
sort of case.

Gas: This form of poison is very dangerous. It will
effect EVERYTHING within range. You will have to
pay a pretty gold piece for any alchemist to add an
oxidizing agent to a poison and it’s EXPENSIVE to
ask someone to risk their life for that. This form
costs 1000% normal costs (Cost * 100). The normal
effect is a sealed vial which when broken will
produce a 20′ x 20′ x 20′ cloud of gas.

Antidotes: Antidotes are available if a sample of the poison
is made available. The antidote usually cost
120% of the purchace price of the poison.
Antidotes take approximately one week to create,
and must be administered within 2 rounds of the
toxification to be effective. If no sample of the
toxin is availible, one cam be distilled from a
blood sample, but that will take approximately a
month and a 1,000 extra gold (by then it’s too late
anyway).

—————————————————————–
– NOTE TO GM’S –

These poison (toxins…etc…) have not been assigned any
price or dosage for effect (with few exceptions). These
things are up to you. This also goes for availability of
these and antidotes (Note thought that there are a few that
have no known antidote!) The only other note I should make
is to keep these in control. To many can really throw a
game out of balance. For assassins to study these, I
usually allow them on type (Poison, Toxin, venom…etc…)
to learn and they may learn how to use, collect, produce..
it from 5th level on. For each level afterwards, they may
learn one more from that type of poison.

—————————————————————–
MANY OF THESE ARE TAKEN FROM OTHER BOOKS AND ARE ACKNOLEDGED
HERE. MY THANKS TO THE AUTHORS FOR ALLOWING ME TO MAKE THE
GAME MORE INTERESTING. I’M SORRY IF I’VE MISPELLED ANY OF
THE NAMES!
=================================================================
– Now for the Poisons –
=================================================================

A Causes 6 – 10 points of damage
(1-6, 1-8, 1-10)

AA Causes six or less points of damage
(1-3, 1-4, 1-6)

Achaierai poison Creates a poison gas cloud which
does 2 – 12 (2d6) damage (no save),
then save vs. poison or go insane
for 3 hours as the druid FEEBLEMIND
spell

Ajida Odorless, colorless liquid. Does 5
– 60 (5d12) damage, starts in 1 – 6
rounds, runs it’s course in 1 – 3
turns. Vision grows dim after
victim takes 10 points of damage,
continues to dim until 30 points of
damage is taken, at which time
victim is functionally blind. Only
a CURE BLINDNESS spell will
neutralize this effect. If
blindness does not occur, victim’s
vision will clear in 2 – 5 turns.
Save for half damage at -4

Amber death Appears as a thin amber colored
carbonated liquid or amber gel.
Starts in 1-4 (1d4) rounds, and
runs it’s course in 2-20 (2d10)
rounds. Damage is equal to the
total hit points of the victim
divided by the number of active
rounds of the poison. (Round *ALL*
fractions up!)

Antman poison This poison does 4-26(4d6) damage,
save for half

Archer bush poison Save vs. poison or die. If save is
made, victim loses half their
remaining hit points

Ascomoid spores Save vs. poison or die in 1-4 (1d4)
rounds. If save is made, the
victim is blinded and stunned for
1-4 (1d4). Victim gains NO shield
or dexterity bonus

Asp toxin Save vs. poison or take 1-8 (1d8)
damage per round for 20 rounds (or
until cured). Save each round for
half damage

Asp venom Does 4d6 points of damage

Assassin bug poison Save vs. poison or be paralyzed for
7 – 12 rounds, a save indicates
that it effects the recipient as a
SLOW spell for 1 turn

Assassin snake toxin Created from a mixtre of various
types of snake venoms. Due to a
constant state of instability, the
save and damage results must be
rolled for at time of
induction:
Rolled # Save Result
——– —- ——————-
01 – 04 +3 Incapacitated
05 – 08 +2 Death
09 – 11 +1 2-8 (2d4) damage
12 – 14 0 3-12 (3d4) damage
15 – 17 -1 Incapacitated 4 days
18 – 19 -1 Incapacitated 12 days
20 -3 Death

Assassin’s venom A standard poison for assassins, it
does 1d20 per day of brewing time
(an average dose does 1d20 to 4d20,
but cannot exceed 10d20 in damage).
It costs 500 gold per day to make
and if a 5,000 gold piece gemstone
is powdered and added to the brew,
the poison will do an additional
1d12 damage per gemstone per day
(one stone per day maximum)

Ayala Scarlet fluid. Does 4 – 24 (4d6)
damage, starts in 2 rounds, runs
it’s course in 1 – 3 rounds. Save
for half damage at -3

B Causes 10 – 20 points of damage
(2d6, 2d8, 3d6, 2d10, 1d20)

Bamboo poison Damage done is 1d8 to 4d8, and the
creature is -1 to -4 to hit for 1 –
6 days afterward due to skin
irritation

Banded krait venom 77% chance of death, NO SAVE. If
this venom is left out in the open
air, it will evaporate in 4-7
(1d4+3) segments

Baneberry Save vs. poison or victim now has
double chance to catch lycanthropy,
decreasing 1% per week until down
to normal percentages

Barba amarilla Save vs. poison or all voulentary
muscles will cease to function for
1-4 (1d4) days. Save at -2

Belpren This is a luminescent blue acidic
substance does 1-12 (1d12) damage
instantly upon skin and internal
tissues (No save). Further
applications of Belpren will not
cause any more damage to the
effected area, but the damage given
above is for a roughly hand-sized
area of exposure; for each
additional area exposed, add an
additional 1-12 (1d12) damage.
However, no damage will be taken if
used internally (As Ingestive
poison), it will cause only
immediate and invoulentary
vomiting. Belpren will not corrode
metal, nor will it harm cloth or
cured leather. It dries and
becomes ineffective in but a single
round when exposed to open air, so
it cannot be used as a blade venom.
Belpren is neutralized by lamp oil.
Belpren is effecting on all
creatures

Birdsnake venom Save or take 2 points of damage per
round for 1-10 (1d10) rounds. A
save indicates half damage

Black hydra This is an acid that bursts into
flames upon cotact with the air,
annd does 3-36(6d6) damage

Black mead Clear liquid or gel, smells like
honey. Does 10 – 80 (10d8) damage,
starts in 1 round, runs it’s course
in 15 rounds. Causes disorentation
(-2 to hit, damage, 30% chance of
spell failure) after 20 points of
damage are taken; Disorentation
increases in steps of 10 points
(Additional -1 to hit, damage, +5%
to spell failure). This effect
wears off 1 – 3 turns after poison
has run it’s course. Save for half
damage at -4

Black scorpion poison Paralyzes victim and does 9-36(9d4)
to 16-64(16d4) damage

Black widow toxin Does 1-6(1d6) damage

Black widow venom Save vs. poison or take 1d4 damage
per round for 10 rounds. Save for
half damage each round

Black willow acid Causes 1-4 (1d4) damage per round
until neutralized. Water will wash
this off

Bleeding heart This plant toxin causes irratic
muscle spasms causing the victim to
roll a system shock successfully or
die immediately on the spot

Blight worm poison Save vs. poison or take 4-24 (4d6)
damage

Bloodrot Bloodrot toxin causes nausea,
vomiting, faintness, vertigo, and
insensability. It reduces the
bodies physical strength to the
point where the victim has to
concentrate to keep their heart
beating. Save at -1 or die in 3-18
(3d6) rounds

Bloodthorn elixir This elixir is derived from the
thorns and stalks of the bloodthorn
vine. When used, one random limb
of the victim will become paralyzed
for 3-6 (1d4+2) rounds. Save is
made at -1

Blowfish oil poison This poison is a modified Blowfish
poison, only it will paralyze the
victim. It has no effect if the
victim saves vs. poison

Blowfish poison Save vs. poison or be paralyzed for
1 – 4 days, else victim effected by
a SLOW spell for 2 – 12 turns

Blue lotus Topaz colored gel. Does 5-30 (5d6)
damage, starts in 1-4 (1d4) rounds,
runs it’s course in 1-8 (1d8)
rounds. Paralisys sets in after 15
points of damage, wears off in 1-3
(1d6/2) turns in victim survives.
Save for half damage at -2

Blueback mushroom poison Causes the victim to become dizzy
and light-headed, causing a FUMBLE
spell and the loss of any sense of
direction for 48 hours

Bluebog Poison Made from creatures from a
different dimension, this poison is
very rare. When it comes in
contact with the air, it explodes
for 8-64 (8d8) damage is a 20 foot
radius

Boggle oil This oil is alchemical preperation
of boggle skin secretions. When
used, the victim must save vs.
paralyzation EACH time they attempt
a movement. If the save is missed,
they fall down. It takes one round
to stand or sit again. The
duration is 25 – constitution
rounds

Boomslang Save or die (at +2)

Bracken poison Destroys red blood cells (See
Mistletoe poison), victim takes 1
point of damage per day
(Cumulative) and 3d6 damage is
taken at introduction of poison
into victim

Braylock An odorless, surupy amber liquid.
Does 5 – 40 (5d8) damage, starts in
1 – 2 rounds, runs it’s course in 1
turn. Save for half damage at -1

Breek An odorless colorless liquid. Does
5 – 40 (5d8) damage, starts in 1 –
8 rounds, runs it’s course in 1 – 4
turns. Save for no damage

Buckeye honey The honey from this rare plant will
cause vertigo, confusion, and if a
save is not made, the victim will
go into a coma for 2-12 (2d6) days

Budwhipper mushrooms This mushroom powder causes
advanced drunkedness, the victim
will pass out and will be out for
23 – constitution rounds. Any
alcohol consumed over the next week
will cause a relapse into the
previous state

Buluka Bluish paint-like substance.
Contact does 3 – 30 (3d10) damage,
starts in 1 – 6 rounds, runs it’s
course in 1 turn. Save for half
damage at -2. Leaves a blue
discoloration after being applied

Bumblebee toxin There are three types of this
toxin: Normal, Warrior, Queen.
The toxin does 5d4 damage if no
save is made (Half damage if save
is made). The save is adjusted
according to the type of toxin
used:

– Normal: +0 save / +0 damage
– Warrior: -2 save / +2 damage
– Queen: -4 save / +4 damage

C Causes 21 – 30 points of damage
(3d8, 4d6, 3d10, 5d6)

Cascabel venom Save or die else take 2 points of
damage per round until the venom is
neutralized. The antidote to this
venom works only 35% of the time

Cashew oil poison Causes 4d6 points of damage

Catfish poison Does 2-8 (2d4) damage, half damage
if save is made

Chak White chalky fluid. Does 2-16
(2d8) damage, starts in one round,
runs it’s course in 1-3 (1d6/2)
rounds. This actually reduces the
creatures dexterity by one point
per six points of damage taken.
THIS LOSS IS PERMENANT. A
restoration is required to recover
the lost points. Save for no
damage at -5

Chayapa A blue liquid, used on arrows,
darts, needles, and sometimes in
daggers of venom. It must be
injected and works only on
humaniods (ie: characters), never
on monsters, and it sets in
immediately. It’s effect is to
cause a deep sleep for 3 – 7
(1d4+2) rounds. This poison will
effect elves. Save for no effect

Choke weed poison Causes choking for 1-12(1d12)
rounds (Incapacitating the victim),
in addition, the victim must save
vs. poison or take 1-6(1d6) damage
each round. This poison will not
effect orcs or half-orcs in any way

Chrysanthemums Destroys the central nervous system
of the victim, Damage is 8d8. Save
indicats one quarter damage

Cobra dust Save vs. poison (at -2) or be
blinded until a HEAL spell or a
CURE BLINDNESS spell

Cobra venom Does 6d6 points of damage

Conehead poison Save vs. poison or take 4-24
(1d4*6) damage

Convultionary Causes invoulntary muscle spasms,
placing the character out of action
for 3 – 18 rounds

Copper centipede (Pincher) Save vs. poison or take 2-12(2d6)
damage. A save indicates no damage

Copper centipede (Stinger) Save vs. poison or take 6-36(6d6)
damage. A save indicates half
damage

Coral snake venom Save or take 4-24 (4d6) damage

Corrabus poison Save vs. poison or take 10-60(10d6)
damage. A save indicates half
damage. Then save vs paralyzation
or be paralyzed until cured

Couatl venom Save vs. poison or die

Coulmbine This poison causes accute shortness
of breath, the victim may fight or
move rapidly for only three rounds
before having to rest for a round.
This lasts for 10-20 (1d10+10)
rounds

Crocotta poison This poison from this creature is a
blend of TWO neurotoxins as only
mother nature can do, therefore the
victim must save vs. poison twice.
Each poison does 7-42(7d6) damage,
ans a save indicates half damage

Crowfoot Save vs. poison or ths poison will
cause accute blistering inside the
trachea causing the victim to
slowly choke to death in 3 rounds
(plus constitution bonus)

Crystle elixir Created by Alchemy from crystle
ooze, this will paralyze victims
for 3-18 (3d6) rounds and will do
2-8 (2d4) damage. Save for half
damage

Cuph A clear liquid, smells like
pineapple. Does 4 – 24 (4d6)
damage, starts in 1 – 6 rounds,
runs it’s course in 1 – 8 turns.
Save for no damage at +1

Cyanide Save vs. poison or die else take
4d4 damage

D Causes 31 – 40 points of damage
(4d8, 6d6, 4d10, 5d8, 2d20)

DM-A Causes 20 points of damage, 10 if
save is made

DM-B Causes 30 points of damage, 15 if
save is made

DM-C Causes 40 points of damage, 20 if
save is made

DM-D Causes death, 25 points of damage
if save is made

DM-E Causes death, 30 points of damage
if save is made

DM-F Causes 15 points of damage, none if
save

DM-G Causes 25 points of damage, none if
save

DM-H Causes 35 points of damage, none if
save

DM-I Causes death, nothing if save

DM-J Turns victim to stone for 5 – 20
rounds (System Shock check is not
needed)

DM-K Muscle relaxant, Causes all
voluntary muscles to relax (-5 to
strength, +3 to armor class)

Hint: A good cure for convultionary
poisons!

Darksnake Reddish powder, leaves a pale
reddiscoloration on flesh or others
surfaces when applied. Does 4 – 24
(4d6) damage, starts in 1 round,
runs it’s course in 1 – 10 rounds.
Save for no damage

Death adder venom Save for die else lose half of
remaining hit points

Death coma Save vs. poison or this toxin
causes total loss of muscular
coordination and rapid breathing.
Victim may not move unassissted
while under the influence of this
toxin, lasts 5-20 (5d4) rounds

Death cup toxin This toxin appears only in the form
of powder, as it is made from a
RARE form of mushrooms. Once a
victim has been toxified by this
substance, the effects will not
begin to show until 10 to 20
(1d10+10) hours after the initial
introduction. This toxin kills by
disolving the red blood cells in
the blood stream, as such the
victim must save vs. death (at -3)
or they die. This requires a
NEUTRALIZE POISON and a RAISE DEAD
to recover the victim

Death dog toxin A poison which the victim must save
vs. poison or become sick and die
in 1 – 4 days

Death-A Save at +2 or go into a coma for 1
– 4 days

Death-B Save at +1 or go into a coma for 1
– 6 days

Death-C Save normally or go into a coma for
1 – 8 days

Death-D Save at -1 or go into a coma for 2
– 12 days

Deathwine Odorless, burgandy colorless
liquid. Often mistaken for wine.
May be used both ways, as
insinuative (Blade venom) or as
ingestive (Food poison). It is
tremendiously leathal. A save is
allowed (at -5), and if it fails,
death occurs in 1 round. If the
save is successful, the victim
still takes 25 damage, 12 points of
damage in the first round and 13
points in the second round. If an
antidote is to be used, it must be
administered within six segments or
it will not be effective.
Deathwine and it’s antidote are
EXTREEMLY RARE. This poison will
effect ANY humanoid even trolls and
the like

Deathwing poison (Bite) Save vs. poison or take 8-80(8d10)
damage, a save indicates half
damage

Deathwing poison (Stinger) Save vs. poison or take 8-64(8d8)
damage

Delusionary Recipient has effectivly one half
of their Intellegence, they get no
save vs. illusions, and will also
“see things” 50% of the time

Demon locust poison Does 6-48(6d8) damage and causes
blindness for 11-16(1d6+10) turns
with no save. Hobbits are not
effected by this poison in any way

Depressent Recipient is suprised 3 in 6 times,
they are also -1 to hit due to
relaxation which also makes them
one armor class easier to hit

Devil-Ale Odorless liquid, very light orange
color. Does a flat 60 points of
damage, Starts in 1 – 3 rounds
after ingestion, runs it’s course
in 2 – 5 (1d4+1) turns. No saving
throw, Antidote is only hope

Diffenbachia Save vs. poison or this toxin
causes total and complete
relaxation of the vocal chords.
Lasts for 3-12 (3d4) rounds

Disease Causes a random disease (Weigh roll
towards the virulent diseases)

Dog demon poison Save vs. poison or take 3-18 (3d6)
damage

Dracolisk acid Does 4-24 (4d6) damage, save for
half damage

Dragonfish poison Save vs. poison at -1 or die else
take 1 – 6 damage

Dream juice Green, black or white fluid. Does
3-24 (3d8) damage, starts
immediately, runs it’s course in 1-
10 (1d10) rounds. Causes it’s
victims to fall down and become
catatonic and have vivid
pleasentdreams while dying. Save
for no damage

Droon poison Does 1-6(1d6) to 3-18(3d6) damage,
save for half damage

Drow toxin Save vs. poison at -4 or fall
unconcious for 1 – 3 days

Dus poison This poison paralyzes the victim
and then they must save or take 1-
4(1d4) damage every round until
neutralized

Dust poison Damage is usually 1d4 to 8d4, but
this poison will not kill. It just
leaves the victim at zero hit
points

Dwarf poison Kills only Dwarves, all else take 2
– 12 (2d6) damage

Dwarfbane This is a rare gummy oil that is
poisonous only to dwarves. Used
insinuatively, it is commonly
smeared upon weapons. It will not
dry out, but prolonged exposure to
air will lesson it potentcy (+2 on
save). Upon contact, it does 1-8
(1d8) damage with a pain “like
blazing skewers” and a further 1-6
(1d6) points of damage on the next
three rounds. A sucessful save
indicates half damage

E Causes 41 – 50 points of damage
(7d6, 6d8, 8d6, 5d10)

Elephant-fly poison Save vs. poison or take 6-36 (6d6)
damage

Elven poison Kills only Elves, all else take 2 –
12 (2d6) damage

Ettercap poison Does 1 – 8 (1d8) damage (No save)

Eye killer toxin Made from the eyes of an EyeKiller,
the recipient must save vs. poison
or die, else the victim takes 3 –
18 (3d6) damage

F Causes 51 – 60 points of damage
(9d6, 7d8, 6d10, 3d20)

Fighterbane A very simple poison though it is
magical based. The effect simply
moves the body’s center of gravity
one foot higher than normal and
shortens the arms by one foot.
Duration: 4 – 24 (4d6) rounds.
(Note: While under the effect of
this poison, all attacks are at –
4/-4 and the recipient’s armor
class is at -4)

Fire snake venom Save vs. poison or be paralyzed for
2 – 8 (2d4) turns

Flumph acid toxin An acidic toxin that does 1d8
damage, then 1d4 damage per round
for 2 – 8 (2d4) rounds

Flydance A green odorless liquid. Can be
made into a gas, otherwise used as
Chayapa. Acts in 1 – 3 rounds.
Causes convultions that knock the
victim off their feet and cause
them to shake and twitch around.
Lasts for 1 – 6 rounds. Save for
no effect at +2

Formian poison Does 4-16 (4d4) damage, save for
half damage

Freeze bee poison Does 2-16(2d8) damage (Cold
damage), Save for half damage

Frin A pale green liquid or powder,
smells like apples. Does 3 – 30
(3d10) damage, starts in 1 – 3
rounds, runs it’s course in 1 – 8
rounds. Save for no damage

Frog oil poison Created from large river toads,
this poison does 5d6 points of
damage

Fungoid mushroom poison Save vs. poison or this mushroom
dust will act as a FEEBLEMIND spell
upon the victim

Fungus poison Does 2d8 to 7d8 points of damage

Fuzzy poison Save vs. poison or take 2-12 (2d6)
damage and be paralyzed for a like
amount or rounds

G Causes 61 – 70 points of damage
(8d8, 11d6, 7d10)

Gaboon A unique venom, as it is very
powerful but slow (save at -2). If
a save is not made the victim will
seem to be under a SLOW spell, the
next day,the victim will be totally
paralized. The following days, the
victim will take 5 points of damage
a day (cumulative: 5, 10, 15, 20,
…) until the poison is
neutralized

Galas Pale blue liquid or powder, smells
like horse sweat. Does 4 – 40
(4d10) damage, starts in 1 – 3
rounds, runs it’s course in 2
turns. Save for no damage

Galtrit saliva Anestitises the body and causes the
loss of 1d4 constitution points
(Regained at the rate of 1
point/day)

Garbug toxin Save vs. poison or be paralyzed for
1 – 6 turns

Ghoul poison Save vs. poison or take 4d6 damage
and begin to rot at 1 point of
damage per turn until healed, or
the poison is neutralized, or a
REMOVE CURE is case upon the
victim. A save indicates that no
damage will be taken, but the
victim still rots

Ghoul sweat A scummy green gel, used like
Chayapa. Smells like rotten meat.
It’s effects are to paralyze for 5
– 10 (1d6+4) rounds. It acts
immediatly. Save for no effect at
+1

Giant Hornet poison Save vs. poison or take 5 – 30
(5d6) damage and be incapacitated
for 2 – 12 (2d6) days, a save
indicates half damage and no
incapacitation

Giant ant poison This acid does 1-3(1d3) to 20-
60(20d3) damage, save for half
damage

Giant lizard poison Save vs. poison or take 2-6 (2d3)
to 20-60 (20d3) damage. A save
indicates half damage

Giant scorpion poison Save vs. poison or die

Giant sea spider venom Save vs. poison or take 1-4 (1d4)
damage

Giant snake venom Save vs. poison or take 1-4 (1d4)
to 20-80 (20d4) damage

Gila monster venom Save vs. poison or take 1-6 (1d6)
damage per round for 10 rounds (or
until cured). Save each round for
half damage

Gila poison Does 1-8(1d8) damage

Gnome poison Kills only Gnomes, all else take 2
– 12 (2d6) damage

Goldbug poison Save vs. poison or DIE!

Golden fool Gold powder. Touch does 4 – 48
(4d12), starts in 1 rounds, runs
it’s course in 1 – 8 rounds. Save
for half damage. Completely
indetectable on gold items,
otherwise it leaves a gold
discoloration after application

Gom Jabbar Does damage equal to the victims
hit points (minus 1) and kills that
victim with no save

Greenback mushroom poison Made from a VERY RARE form of green
mushrooms, the victim must save vs.
poison or sucumb to the effects of
a 12th level PHANTASMAL KILLER

Grell poison Save vs. poison or be paralyzed for
20 rounds (Less the victims
constitution, Min of 5 rounds)

Grey horror Appears as greyish powder, does 4-
32(4d8) to 8-64(8d8) damage and
paralyzes victim. Save vs. poison
for half damage and no
paralyzation. Hobbits dissolve at
3-18(3d6) damage per round until
neutralized.

Grey horror poison Save vs. poison (-2) or take 8-48
(8d6) damage and be paralyzed for
that many rounds

Grond poison Save vs. poison or take 3-18 (3d6)
damage

Ground golden mushrooms This mushroom powder is not a
“true” poison, but it does have
value to an assassin. If placed on
a piece of stone it will turn to
flesh, also if placed on flesh, the
flesh will turn to stone.

Duration: Until magically dispelled

Ground panther whiskers Consuming this substance is
comparable to eating ground glass,
the substance does 4d8 damage

Ground rakasta whiskers Similar to ground panther whiskers,
this substance is also very deadly.
This poison works only when
ingested and it does 5d10 damage

Gurch Dark green liquid or powder, smells
like wax. Starts in 1 round does a
flat 75 points of damage over 1 –
10 turns. Very painfull; victim
disabled after taking 15 points of
damage, cannot walk, fight, barely
able to talk. Save for half damage
at -4

Gyronite poison Does 8-32(8d4) to 15-45(15d4)
damage, save at +4 for no damage

H Causes 71 – 80 points of damage
(9d8, 12d6, 13d6, 8d10, 4d20, 10d8)

Hangman’s acid Does 3-12 (3d4) damage, lasts for
2-4 (1d4, treating all 1’s as 2’s).
This acid will wash off with water,
but if alcohol is applied to it, it
does DOUBLE DAMAGE

Harvestman poison Save vs. poison or take 3-24 (3d8)
damage

Hell moth poison Does 1-8(1d8) damage

Hellebore Causes the following effects:
–Extreem salivation
–Vomiting
–Abdominal pain
–Paralisys of extremities
–Convoultions

If the save is made, the symptoms
vanish after 2-12 (2d6) rounds,
else the victim dies after a like
amount of time

Hemlock poison Causes internal bleeding, doing 1d8
damage per day until death or a
CURE SERIOUS WOUNDS or better spell
is cast upon the victim (or a
NEUTRALIZE POISON)

Hobbit poison Kills only Hobbits, all else take 2
– 12 (2d6) damage

Huecuva poison Save vs. poison or catch a cardio-
vascular-renal disease (Very
acute), a save indicates 1 – 4
(1d4) damage

Huld Also known as “Leap” or
“Deathdance”. This is an odorless
oil that is effective on non-
humanoid creatures – except for
humans and demi-humans. It works
only by insinuation. It’s effects
are the same regardless of dosage
and appear 1-4 (1d4) rounds after
application. Huld causes severe
muscle spasms involving nausea and
the loss of motor control, balance,
and speech – lasting for 1-6 (1d6)
rounds. During this time the
victim is helpless, but by no means
an easy target since he/she/it is
thrashing around wildly and
unpredictable. Mental processes
are totally uneffected (IE:
Psionics or other communication can
be initiated or continued, and in
some cases a psionic ability can be
used to control or stop the poisons
effects). A peticular individual
will be 95% resistant to Huld for a
period of 10-21 (1d10+9) days after
exposure to it, and thus repeated
doses will not be effective. Huld
will effect all individuals

Humbaba poison Save vs. poison or take 10-80(10d8)
damage. A save indicates 2/3rds
damage

I Causes 81 – 90 points of damage
(14d6, 11d8, 9d10, 15d6)

Ikaheka venom Lose 1-6 (1d6) points of
constitution. They are regained at
the rate of ONE per week. A
RESTORATION spell will replace all
of them.

Imp poison Save vs. poison or die else take 1
– 4 damage

Ink coprinus Comes from a very common mushroom
as it is only toxic when consumed
with alcoholic beverages. Does 5-
20 (5d4) damage, save for half
damage

Insanity Causes a random insanity for 1 – 4
turns

J Causes 91 -100 points of damage
(12d8, 16d6, 10d10, 5d20)

Jameson’s mamba venom This venom causes the victim’s
pulse rate to double what it is
normally for 1-6 (1d6) rounds,
causing 1-12 (1d12) damage per
round. Also if a save is not made,
the victim will suffocate in 3
rounds (plus constitution bonus)

Jeteye This is a glossy (reflective) black
liquid that effects all mammals
upon ingestion, it is ineffective
as a insinuative poison. Save for
half damage. It causes the pupils
of the eyes to go black (although
this does not effect vision in any
way) and causes 1-8 (1d8) damage to
the neural system immediately. No
pain is felt by the victim however,
for Jeteye kills all pain and
tactile sensation for a period of
9-16 (1d8+8) rounds (the “black
eyes” sign will stay for the same
duration). Jeteye is sometimes
used voluntarily before torture or
immediately after battle injuries
(preventing a system shock roll).
It has a bitter walnut-like taste
and is hard to disguise in food or
drink

Jima A light red powder or liquid,
smells like papaya. Does 8 – 48
(8d6) damage, starts in 1 – 10
rounds, runs it’s course in 1 – 3
turns. Save for half damage at -3

Khargra toxin This poison causes 3 – 18 (3d6)
damage, the side effect of this
poison is that it will dissolve any
metal that it is applied to

Kill kitten poison Save vs poison or die, else victim
is paralyzed for 1-6(1d6) days

Killer bee poison Save vs. poison (at -2) or die

King cobra poison Save vs. poison or take 1-6 (1d6)
damage per round for 10 rounds (or
until cured). Save each round for
half damage

Kolas A thick brown liquid, smells like
roses. Does 8 – 48 (4d12) damage,
starts in 1 – 8 rounds, runs it’s
course in 1 – 4 turns. Save for no
damage

Kotra A clear oily fluid. Does 5 – 30
(5d6) damage, acts in 1 round, runs
it’s course in 1 – 10 rounds. Save
for half damage at -1

Krag poison Save vs. poison (at -3) or turn to
stone. A save indicates that the
victim is slowed for 2-12(2d6)
rounds less their constitution
bonus (Minimum of 1 round of
slowness)

Kumba Odorless, colorless liquid. Starts
is 1 – 6 rounds, death follows one
round thereafter. Save for no
damage at -3, Failed save means
death

Kuurus Named after the Assassin that
invented it, Kuurus does 1-6 (1d6)
damage per constitution point that
the victim has. Save (-3) for half
damage

Kuyss poison Causes leprosy, and until a CURE
DISEASE is cast upon the victim, no
other cure spells will work on that
creature

Land urchen toxin Save vs. poison (-1) or be
paralized for 6 turns

Lhurdas (Also known as “Yellow Death” and
“Beltyn’s Last Drink”) This is a
wine based poison. It has a sharp
dry white-grape taste and will
readily mix with any such wine. It
reacts with the digestive acids of
the stomach (Effective in any of
the player races) to eat away the
internal organs and tissues.
Ingestion produces rapid (within
two rounds) nausea, convultions,
and terrific internal cramps with
burning pain. It does 1-6 (1d6)
damage in the first round, 2-12
(2d6) damage in the second round,
and 1-4 (1d4) damage in the third
and final round. Thereafter it
will do no more damage, regardless
of dose, and further exposer to
Lhurdas will cause discomfort and
failure to heal, but no more
damage. This resistance lasts for
3-25 (3d8) days. This is an
ingestive poison only. Save for
half damage

Lisssteeen A liquid that when found will
always be labeled:
“HERE NOW”

This yellow liquid has no smell but
it will make your mouth water, it
tastes spicy hot (like tabasco
sauce), and works only when
swallowed (Only ingestive type
poison). There is no discernable
effect to or on any creature within
100 feet of the imbiber. BUT to
any creature more than 100 feet
from the imbiber will hear the
voice of the imbiber due to the
“effect” on the imbiber’s vocal
coards. This fluid causes the
imbiber’s vocal cords to transmit
on a ultrasonic as well as a
subsonic level making all within a
mile of them hear the imbiber.
This sound level permiates ALL
planes and dimensions also. Any
diety’s name which is spoken has a
50% bonus of hearing and any
creature within 300 feet CANNOT be
surprised under any circumstances!
Lasts 25 rounds – imbiber’s wisdom

Lomat An odorless, colorless powder or
liquid. Does 5 – 30 (5d6) damage,
starts in 1 – 6 turns, runs it’s
course in 1 – 4 turns. Save for
half damage at -2

Longlicker toxin This poison lasts for four rounds,
starts instantly, save vs. poison
for the first three rounds or take
3-18 (3d6) damage (take 1-6 (1d6)
damage if save is made). On the
fourth round, take 3-18 (3d6)
damage automaticaly (No save)

Lotus dust, black Causes instant death

Lotus dust, brown Encases the victim in wood
(Required 20 strength to break out)

Lotus dust, clear Burns for 1-6 (1d6) damage per
round when it comes in contact with
flesh. Lasts for 1-6 (1d6) rounds

Lotus dust, copper Encases victiim in copper (Requires
a 21 strength to break out)

Lotus dust, emerald Paralizes victms lungs/gills for 2-
12 (2d6) rounds

Lotus dust, metalic Blinds victim and causes lung
failure for 2-12 (2d6) rounds

Lotus dust, red Causes objects to turn to stone

Lotus dust, yellow Causes victims to fall asleep (Yes,
Even elves!)

Luptak A nerve toxin that may be injected
or rendered into a gas. It appears
to effect dexterity, causing the
victim to stumble, be unable to
fight, cast spells, etc…; However
it does NO direct damage. There is
a 50% chance of a victim taking
physical damage from a fall while
affected by the toxin. A victim
who was poisoned in melee would be
quite helpless. It’s effects last
from 3 – 6 (1d4+2) turns. Save for
no effect

Magebane A very stable liquid that can be
disguised as any other potion
(Commonly disguised as potions of
HEROISM). The effect is one of
severe mental sluggishness and
effectively causes the victim to
have one third of their actual
intellegence.. Lasts one round per
intellegence point “lost”

Malange toxin Causes tunnel vision, allowing +1
to hit for any opponent not
directly in front of the poisoned
creature {Or not in direct line of
sight}. A creature that has this
introduced into the bloodstream
will develop deep blue eyes in 1 –
4 days. The poison will last for 1
– 6 + 4 days (A total of 5 to 10
days)

Man skorpion poison Save vs. poison or die instantly

Mantri poison The victim subtracts their
constitution from 25 and takes the
difference in damage (minimum of 5
points of damage)

Marine spider venom Save vs. poison or be paralized for
2-12 (2d6) rounds

Megalo-centipede This is an acidic toxin, it burns
the skin for 1-8 (1d8) damage.
Save for half damage

Mental Depressent-A Causes a loss of Psionics for 4-48
hours

Mental Depressent-B Causes a chemically induced Psionic
blast

Milkweed Causes a severe intestinal disorder
that makes the victim regurgatate
anything that has been eaten, lasts
for 5-10 (1d6+4) days. The victim
will starve to death if the toxin
is not neutralized

Mistletoe poison Destroys red blood cells, victim
takes 1 point of damage per day
(Cumulative). Example: Day 1, take
1 point. Day two, take 2
points…etc…

Mold poison Causes 1d12 or 2d12, a rare form is
said to cause 4d20

Monkshood This poison causes accute vomiting
and diarreha for 1-4 (1d4) and if
a save is not made (+1), the victim
will have intense convoultions and
die in severe pain in 2-8 (2d4)
segments

Morphus A clear citrus-smelling liquid.
Fumes will cause victim to sleep
for 1 – 6 turns (After a round of
contact). Morphus is used like
chloroform for abductions and the
like, and is a potent gas when
mixed properly. Even works on
elves. Save for no effect at -2

Mufa Odorless, colorless liquid. Starts
in 1 – 10 rounds, throws victim
into painfull twisting convultions,
then does 15 points of damage per
round until victim dies.
Convultions have a 50% chance of
causing an extra 1 – 6 points of
damage in each round. No saving
throw

Myconid-H Save vs. poson or begin to
hallucnate for 2-16 (2d8) rounds.
Roll below:

– 01 – 10 : Cower & Wimper
– 11 – 15 : Stare into nothngness
– 16 – 18 : Run in a random direction
– 19 – 20 : Attack the nearest creature

Myconid-P Save vs. poison or be totally
passive. Victim may only watch,
cannot take any actons, even if
they are being attacked. Lasts for
2-6 (1d6, treatng all 1’s as 2’s)
rounds

Naral poison Save vs. poison or take 6-36 (6d6)
damage

Narcosis Once introduced into the body, is
takes effect for 1 – 4 rounds, this
poison causes severe nitrogen
narcosis (Similar effect to comming
up from 300′ underwater to the
surface in 1 second). Save for
half damage. Poison lasts until
dispelled. Does 7 – 12 (1d6+6)
damage per round and victim cannot
move

Nettle A light brown powder that causes
extreem skin inflamation. The
burning, itching & stinging can
last up to 20 days. This causes -3
to hit and -2 to damage and armor
class

Nibon An odorless colorless liquid. Does
6 – 48 (6d8) damage, starts in 1
round, runs it’s course in 1 turn.
Save for half damage made at -4

Nightcrawler poison Save vs. poison or take 7-56 (7d8)
damage and be paralyzed for that
long

Nightseeker poison Save vs. poison or take 3-12 (3d4)
damage

Ninthla poison Anything under 12 hit dice must
save or die, any that does save
will fall into a catatonic state
for 1-20(1d20) days

Nyosan butterfly poison Save vs. poison or take 2-12 (2d6)
damage

OOPS! A clear liquid that is often
mistaken for Holy Water. While
under the influence of this poison,
any type of spell which divulges
color (such as TRUE SIGHT, or
DETECT ALIGNMENT) will reveal the
exact opposite color!. This poison
is sometimes called ColorBlind.
Duration: 2-12 (2d6) days

OUCH! A very deep ruby red gel or liquid
that tastes like listerine. This
“poison” holds damage, that is the
next SIX times the imbiber takes
damage, the fluid will “hold” the
damage so that the body does not
really take it. This damage can be
cured before the body really takes
the damage. This is only good for
SIX hits, for on the SEVENTH hit,
the fluid’s power is dispelled and
the imbiber takes ALL damage taken
in the previous seven hits that
hasn’t been cured yet!

Oliander poison Save vs. poison or the victim’s
heart stops and death ensues

Opia A brown powder with a honey/almond
smell. When drunk (it dissolves
into liquids instantly), it causes
blindness within 1 – 6 rounds.
This is temporary, lasting 1 – 10
rounds. Save for no effect

Optical-A Causes blindness equal to the 30 –
characters constitution

Optical-B Causes double vision for 30 days
less characters constitution

Optical-C Causes inflamation of the
characters tear ducts, makeing the
character susceptable to taking
damage from bright lights

Orvas This is a translucent liquid with a
green cast and a bitter-sweet
taste. It does 1-6 (1d6) damage
upon entering the bloodstream
(immediately if introduced into a
wound or scrape, or in 18-24
{1d6+17} turns if introduced by
ingestive means), and 1-4 (1d4)
points of damage on the next two
rounds. A successful save vs.
Orvas means that it is ineffective
against that creature. Orvas is an
antidote to Varrakas if introduced
into the bloodstream before
Varrakas has run it’s course (Both
counterace each other) Orvas works
only on mammals

Pain Causes severe pain making the
victim -1 to hit for 2 – 12 (2d6)
days (Cumulative)

Paralasys Causes paralasys for 1 – 4 turns

Phraint poison Save vs. poison or take 2-7 (1d6+1)
damage

Phraint venom Also called “Hive Drink”, This is
VERY POTENT, does 1d100-1 damage
(0-99), a save indecates that 2-20
(2d10) points can be subtracted
from the total poison damage

Pink lightning Pinkish fluid, Does 5-20 (5d4)
damage, starts in 1-6 (1d6) rounds,
runs it’s course in 1-3 (1d6/2)
rounds. Save for half damage at -4

Pit viper venom Save or die else take 3-18 (3d6)
damage

Poison Ivy toxin Causes a skin rash that makes the
creature -1 to -4 to hit and -2 to
armor class

Poison ivy hedge toxin Save vs. poison (-3) or take 1-6
(1d6) damageand be at -3/-3 for 28
turns – constitution because of
itching

Poison pie This mushroom powder is always off-
white and smells like radishes.
When consumed, it causes
destruction of the gastrointestinal
tract. Save vs. poison or take 4-
32 (4d8) damage

Pollen poison Damage done is in d4, the number of
dice damage done is equal to 20
minus the victims constitution.
This poison does NOT break down, so
it will effect the victim every
hour until neutralized (Death does
not neutralize a poison)

Praka Small blue & white speckled
pellets. Starts in 1 – 4 rounds,
does 20 points of damage each round
until death. Causes vivid,
monsterous hallucinations; 25%
chane of permenant insanity in
victim somehow survives. Save in
each round for half damage at -5,
but still eventually fatal

Prespa (Also called “Mother’s Bane”)
This is an odorless, colorless
liquid that mixes readily with any
drinkables except for milk and it’s
byproducts (from which it seperates
almost instantly). Effective only
in humans, and only if it is
ingested. It causes sudden dizzy
spells and visual disorentation,
beginning 1-3 (1d6/2) rounds after
ingestion and lasting 1-12 (1d12)
rounds. During this time the
victim moves unsteadily and fights
at -2 to hit and +2 worse on armor
class if having normal vision. If
the victim has infravision, the
effect is only -1/+2. At the same
time, the victim endures 1-2
(1d4/2) damage per rounds as
surface blood vessels burst all
over the body (Giving a blotched,
reddenedappearance to the skin).
Each round a successful saving
throw will avoid the damage, but if
the victim suffers injury through
combat or misadventure during the
round, no saving throw is allowed

Pseudo-Dragon poison Save vs. poison or fall into a
catatonic state for 1 – 6 days

Purple worm poison Save vs. poison or die else take
2d4 damage

Pybra poison (Bite) Take 3-18 (3d6) damage (No save!)

Pybra poison (Spit) Take 2-7 (1d6+1) damage

Pybra poison (Sting) Save vs. poison or take 3-18 (3d6)
damage

Pybra venom Does 1d2 to 6d2 damage, this is an
acidic venom, so if a save is NOT
made, the victim will take double
damage from the acid.

Quaggoth toxin Save vs. poison (-4) or be stunned
and walk in a random direction.
The victim will walk 1 round for
each point that they missed their
save by. If the victim cannot walk
in the rolled direction, they will
simply move off in another untill
the toxin wears off

Quiggly toxin Save vs. poison (-2) or the toxin
causes a painful form of arthritis
that manifests itself in the hands.
Every time a dexterious action
(pick pockets, remove traps, spell
casting…) is attempted, the
victim mst save vs. paralization or
fumble the action. The toxin lasts
untill neutralized or the arthritis
is cured

Recursion This poison causes an initial 1
point of damage and then the victim
must save vs. poison. If they
miss, they will take 1 more point
of damage and must save again.
This will continue until the victim
dies or a save is made.

Red Slaad pellets When these pellets come in contact
with bare skin, the person must
save vs. poison or die in 3 – 36
(3d12) hours (Only a CURE DISEASE,
SLOW POISON, NEUTRALIZE POISON, or
BARKSKIN will affect this “poison”,
any of the above will stop it)

Red Urched poison Save vs. poison or sleep for 1 – 4
turns

Red fang toxin Does 3-12(3d4) to 8-32(8d4) damage.
This toxin will paralyze all elves
for 3-8 (1d6+2) turns

Red mamba venom Save vs. poison (-3) or take 2-12
(2d6) to 6-36 (6d6) damage

Redback mushrooms This mushroom powder has the same
chemical makeup as the potion used
in the IDENTIFY spell, when
consumed, the same effect occurs

Redbog poison When comming into contact with the
air, this poison oxidizes into a 60
foot could of redish opaque gas.
Anyone or thing that is under 12
hit dice must save or fall into a
deep sleep for 1 – 100 (1d100)
rounds. Anyone over 12 hit dice
that does not save is slowed. This
poison will even put elves to
sleep!

Retch Derived from the retch plant, this
toxin has NO saving throw. Any
victim will vomit and heave for 1-3
(1d6/2) rounds and lose 50% of
their current strength for 6 turns
(1 hour)

Rhododendron Save vs. poison or this poison
causes vertigo and headaches,
watering of the eyes and fluttering
of the heart that is followed in 2-
8 (2d4) rounds by irregular and
slow pulse convoultions and
paralisys of the arms and legs.
The victim will die 12 rounds after
the slowed pulse begins

Rhubarb poison This poison shuts down the victims
kidneys, so that each day after
poisoning, the victim must roll 3d6
under their constitution or die.
Each successive day adds 1 to the
die roll (cumulative)

Rock poppy Save vs. poison or turn to stone as
per FLESH TO STONE spell

Rockworm acid Does 7-32(5d6+2) damage

Roper poison Save vs. poison or lose one half
strength for 1 – 4 days

S Sleep Poison, After two rounds,
acts as a SLEEP spell upon the
victim (Causes No damage, but this
will even put elves asleep)

Salt spider poison Save or Die!

Sand poison A RARE FORM of poison made by dune
stalkers that does 1d6 damage and
if a save vs. poison is not made,
the victim takes 2d6 more damage

Screamin’ scarlet poison Causes a scarlet rash that has
intense itching. The victim will
commense to itch the rash causing –
3 to hit and -3 to armor class.
This will last until neutralized.
To neutralize it requires a
NEUTRALIZE POISON and one pint of
holy water

Sea demon poison Does 4-24(4d6) damage and paralyzes
victim for 1d6 days unless victim
is an elf or an undead, in which
case they dissolve for 2-24(2d12)
points of damage per round (No
save)

Shaggy beast fluid (Bite) Causes 2-12 (2d6) damage

Shaggy beast fluid (Stinger) Causes 1-8 (1d8) damage

Sheet ghoul acid Does 2 – 7 (1d6+1) damage (No save)

Silver Urchen toxin Save vs. poison or this poison will
shut down the central nervous
system of the victim, putting the
creature in a comatose state for 1
– 3 days

Silver lightning Silvery liquid. Does 5-40 (5d8)
damage, sets in immediately, runs
it’s course in 1-6 (1d6) rounds.
Save for half damage at -3

Silver lotus Light silver liquid or powder,
smells like lotus flowers. Does 7
– 42 (7d6) damage, starts in 1 – 2
turns, runs it’s course in 1 – 6
turns. Reduces victim’s
constitution by 1 point for every
10 points of damage taken. System
shock roll is required for every
point lost; Failure means instant
death. Constitution points can
only be regained by rest. Save for
half damage

Skorpadillo poison Paralyzes victim and does 6-36(3d6)
damage, Save for no damage

Skorpoon poison Does 1-4(1d4) to 4-16(4d4) damage,
save for no damage

Skyzorr’n poison Save vs. poison or take 2-5 (1d4+1)
damage and lose one point from
strength and dexterity for 2-8
(2d4) turns

Slowness Causes effects similar to a SLOW
spell cast by a Magic User of the
same level as the person that made
the poison

Sluggoth acid Does 3-18(3d6) to 8-42(8d6) damage

Snig venom Save vs. poison or take 8-64 (8d8)
damage. Save indicates half damage

Snow snake venom Save vs. poison or the victim will
freeze solid. If a save is made,
the victim will take 4d8 damage.

Snow spider poison Does 3-24(3d8) damage (Half if save
is made) and victim is blinded for
1-10(1d10) turns. If the save is
missed, the victim is permenantly
blind

Spell poison When this poison is introduced into
the blood stream, it releases a
random spell. After that, any
wound recived fires off another
random spell. This goes on until 2
– 12 (2d6) spells have been “cast”
(This does NOT incluse the original
spell) or 7 days have passed

Spice poison Comsuning this poison or skin
contact with it will cause 2 – 10
(1d6+1d4) damage, and will also
counteract the next TWO potions
that the victim consumes (They will
be gone but will NOT take effect)

Spiga venom Does 2-12(2d6) to 12-72(12d6)
damage and paralyzes the victim. A
save indicates half damage and no
paralyzation.

Spiny slayer poison Save vs. poison or take 8-64 (8d8)
damage. A save indicates half
damage

Spore poison Damage done is 2d6 to 7d6, Half if
save

Sporoid mushroom poison This poison effects the lungs, as
it causes the lungs to shut down.
The victim can’t breath and they
will take no damage for one round
per point of constitution hit dice
bonus, after that they take one
point of damage and one point off
of their intellegence until dead or
the poison is neutralized. If
their intellegence goes to zero,
they are brain dead and must be
raised. Lost intellegence points
may be recovered be a RESTORATION
spell

Stego-centipede Save or die. If save is made, take
3-12 (3d4) damage

Steroid mushroom poison Save vs. poison or this mushroom
dust will act upon the victim as a
12th level druidical CONFUSION
spell

Stingray poison Save vs. poison or be paralyzed for
5 – 20 (5d4) rounds and take a like
amount of damage, else take 1 – 3
points of damage

Stingwing poison Save vs. poison TWICE or die. If
both save are made, save again, if
successful take 3-18 (3d6) damage,
if failed, take 6-36 (6d6) damage

Stirge sweat Brownish, sap-like liquid. Does 6
– 24 (6d4) damage, starts in 2 – 4
(1d4+2) rounds, runs it’s course in
2 – 8 (2d4) rounds. Save for no
damage

Stonefish toxin This toxin from the stonefish is
given is small doses in respect to
the intense pain that is causes.
The pain, which is described as
instantainious, intense, sharp, and
burning radiating within minutes
from the wound site, involving the
entire leg, groin, abdomin, or if
in the upper extremities, the
armpit, shoulder, neck and head.
The pain may become so severe that
the victim thrashes about, rolling
on the ground, screaming in agony,
and at times losing consciouness.
The areas around the wound (and
extremity) become numb, a condition
that continues for 2-12 (2d6) days
(In some cases the limb has been
paralyzed for three weeks). Death
(If the save failed) will happenone
to six (1d6) hours after the
initial onset of the toxin. Each
successive dose will reduce the
victim’s save by one for each dose
introduced. This is permenant (It
is also against future saves as
well!)

Stunjelly poison Save vs. poison or be stunned and
paralyzed for 5 – 20 (5d4) rounds

Sunbear saliva Causes victim to burst into flames
for 1-8(1d8) damage per round.
Save for half damage. Holy water
will extinguish the flames as will
a PYROTECHNICHS spell

Sundew acid Does 1 point of damage per round,
lasts 1-10 (1d10) rounds. Oil
washes it off

Surchur saliva This saliva causes 2-8 (2d4) damage
per round until neutralized.
Either salt water or a NEUTRALIZE
POISON will do this

Svirfneblin acid Instantly destroys any armor worn
by the victim and causes 2 – 8
(2d4) damage in the process

Svirfneblin poison Causes 1 – 3 damage, stunds for 1 –
3 rounds and then SLOWs the victim
for 1 – 6 rounds

T’cheem Save vs. poison or the victim will
sucumb to the effects of a REVERSE
GRAVITY spell. They must save each
round for 1-6 (1d6) rounds

Taer elixir Save vs. poison (+1) or become
nauseated for 2-5 (1d4+1) hours
(12-30 turns), causeing -2 to hit
and -1 to damage

Teko Light blue oil. Does 4 – 32 (4d8)
damage, starts in 1 round, runs
it’s course in 1 – 3 rounds. Save
for half damage at -3

Temperature Alteration Raises or lowers the victims body
temperature up or down by 2 to 12
degrees (also causing a like amount
of damage, lasts for 3 minutes)

Tenamort poison Save vs. paralyzation or be
paralized for 1 – 6 rounds and the
characters internal organs will
begin to soften so that they will
take double damage from and
physical attacks for 1 – 12 days or
until a HEAL spell is cast upon
them

Teneborus poison Does 1-6 (1d6) damage and save (-3)
or be paralized for 6-36 (6d6)
turns

Teneborus toxin Does 4-40 (4d10) damage, save (-3)
for half damage

Terragon poison A rare spice which if comsumed raw
will cause 6 – 60 (6d10) damage to
the victim, and will cause 3 – 30
(3d10) if placed in contact with
bare flesh. (There is no save vs.
poison when flesh contact is made)

Thaykhay poison Save vs. poison or take 2-20 (2d10)
damage

Thessalhydra acid Causes 1-20 (1d20) damage, 1 point
per round

Thri-kreen venom Save vs. poison or be paralized for
2-16 (2d8) rounds

Thrum A light blueish liquid, smells like
sour lemons. Does 6 – 36 (6d6)
damage. Starts in 1 – 4 rounds,
runs it’s course in 1 – 3 turns.
Save for half damage

Tigerfly poison Save vs. poison or take 4 – 24
(4d12) damage and be paralized for
1 – 6 rounds

Timewasp poison Save vs. poison (-1) or take 8-80
(8d10) damage and be timestopped
for a same number of rounds

Tomatoeleaf poison Save vs. poison or die, else it
effects as a HURT spell on the
victim

Touch-Spice poison Any contact with this poison causes
sensory deprivation, depending of
course, on how long (one round of
contact equals one contact), or how
many times contact is made.
Consult the following chart:
—————————–
1…Touch
2…Smell
3…Taste
4…Hearing
5…Sight
6…Balance
7…Touch*
8…Smell*
9…Taste*
10…Hearing*
11…Sight*
12…Balance*
13…Death of victim
14…Disintigration of victim’s body

* = Permenant loss (Only a WISH will restore)

Toxic toad spittle Save vs. poison or take 4-32 (4d8)
damage. Save indicates half damage

Tri-flower pollen Save vs. poison (-1) or sleep for
1-4 (1d4) days

Tri-flower sap Does 2-8 (2d4) damage per round
until neutralized. Water will wash
it off

Trif Odorless, light gold liquid. Does
5 – 30 (5d6) damage, starts in 1 –
4 turns, runs it’s course in 1 – 12
rounds. Reduces victim’s dexterity
by 2 points for every 10 points of
damage taken. This is only
restored by rest. Save for half
damage at -2

Triffid poison Save vs. poison or take 4-24 (3d6)
damage. Save indicates half damage

Trivern poison Save vs. poison or take 8-48 (8d6)
damage, a save indicates half
damage

Trollsblood Grayish green fluid. Does 4 – 48
(4d12) damage, starts in 1 – 4
rounds, runs it’s course in 1 – 6
rounds. Save for no damage

Tubon A pale yellow liquid or powder,
smells like ripe mellons. Does 5 –
30 (5d6) damage, starts in 1 – 10
rounds, runds it’s course in 1 – 6
turns. Save for half damage at +1

Twilightbloom poison Save vs. poison (-2) or die

Tylatch Clear liquid, smells like
sandlewood. Starts in 1 round,
runs it’s course in 6 turns, doing
10 points of damage per turn.
Victim fall instantly asleep,
cannot be awakened. Save for half
damage at -2. If victim survives,
they will awaken after the 6 turn
duration

Ulcrun This is a milky white, viscous
liquid that is effective on all
warm blooded creatures, by
insinuation only (No saving throw).
Two rounds after contact, it causes
1-4 (1d4) damage to the muscular
system – weakening and softening
tendons, ligaments, bones and
cartilage. On the following round,
it causes 1-12 (1d12) damage and
then take 1-4 (1d4) damage on the
third round after which the effects
of the poison pass. Until healing
processes (either natural or
magical) counter it’s damage, the
effected creature will have lost 1-
4 (1d4) points of strength and
dexterity

Uropygus gas Save vs. poison (-3) or
fight/defend at -3 due to nervous
spasms, lasts for 3-18 (3d6) rounds

Ustilagor acid Causes 2-5 (1d4) damage per round
for 2 rounds

Valley-lilly A neuro-toxin that effects the
pulmanary muscles. It causes the
heart to beat at a very irregular
rate. The beat will be 1-100
(1d100) per round. Victim will
take 30 – constitution per round.
Toxin lasts 1-6 (1d6) rounds

Varrakas This is a thick black syrup. To
avoid detection, single drops are
added to gravy or dark sauces, but
the effects increase with each dose
(drop) ingested. Varrakas has a
slightly oily taste, but no strong
flavor. Every drop of Varrakas
does 1-4 (1d4) damage when it
enters into the bloodstream (It
bypasses the digestive system by
masquerading as a nutrient). It
lies dormant for a period of 18-24
(1d8+17) rounds after ingestion.
Varrakas is only an ingestive
poison. It is effective in ALL
mammals

Vedya Pale purle liquid or powder, smells
like rasins. Does 10 – 100
(10d10), starts in 1 – 6 turns,
runs it’s course over a period of 1
– 6 days (assess appropriate points
of damage each day, dividing total
into one hour increments).
Agaonizing very slow death. No
saving throw

Velvet slime mold poison Save vs. poison or take 2-8 (2d4)
damage

Vilmat Clear oily liquid. Does 6-36 (6d6)
damage, starts in 3-7 (1d4+3)
rounds, runs it’s course in 1 turn.
This actually reduces the creatures
intellegence by one point per six
points of damage taken. THIS LOSS
IN PERMENANT. A restoration is
required to recover the lost
points. Save indicates half damage

Vocal The effect of this poison would
only effect spell casters, as it’s
effects on the vocal cords are the
same as if the victim had inhaled
helium (No vocal components can be
used while poison is in effect).
Lasts 24 hours

Voloe poison Does 1-3(1d3) to 4-12(4d3) damage
and blinds the victim, save for no
blindness

Vord poison Save vs. poison or be paralyzed
until cured. A save indicates the
recipient creature has a muscular
slowdown, the creature will be
SLOWed until it/they recieve a
NEUTRALIZE POISON spell

Wave This poison dehidrates 5 points of
damage per round (double for water
creatures). A NEUTRALIZE POISON
will not stop this, only a CREATE
WATER will. Duration: Until death
or stopped. No save

Weakness Causes a permenent loss of 2 – 8
hit points

Weeverfish toxin Weeverfish toxin generally produces
instant pain which comes
progressively more severe until it
reaches an excruciating peak. The
severeity of the pain is such that
the victim frequently thrashes
about wildly, and may lose
consciousnes. These symptoms last
anywhere from 2-24 (2d12) hours and
are accompanied by headaches,
fever, chills, cardiac
palpitations, and convoultions.
Death will occur if more than one
dose is given. No save vs. this
one. It is used commonly by the
upper echelon of the assassin’s
guild as a warning (One dose only
causes the pain and convoultions)

Whisper wasp poison Save vs. poison or fall asleep
(Instantly) for 8-96(8d12) days, a
save indicates groginess (-2 to
hit, -2 to Armor class)

White hydra This is an acid which freezes upon
contact with the air, it does 6-
36(6d6) damage

Whither A rare blend of herbs and spices
that causes a unique chemical
breakdown in the body, lasts for 10
rounds. Save each round or lose
one constitution point
(Permenantly)

Wiess A desert poison that causes the
skin to break down. It causes the
pigment cells in the skin to die,
turning the creature into an albino
within a matter of weeks (20
days).

If subjected to intense light (such
as desert sun), the creature will
take two (2) points of damage per
turn in the sun

Wimp poison No save vs. this one, as it always
does only 1 point of damage

Wind devil toxin Save vs. poison or take 4-32 (4d8)
freezing damage per round until
cured. Save each round for half
damage

Witchhand A clear liquid, almost impossible
to detect. Upon contact with flesh
it does 3 – 24 (3d8), starts in 1 –
4 rounds, runs it’s course in 1 –
10 rounds. Save for no damage

Witherstench fluid Save vs. poison or be retching and
vomiting causing the victim to be
unable to defend or attack for 1 –
10 rounds (Less the victim’s
constitution bonus, Not to go less
than 1 round of retching)

Witherweed smoke When released, this thick oily
smoke expands into a 20 foot x 20
foot cloud and all inside it take 2
– 12 (2d6) damage with no save

Wobra poison Gotten from a rare form of a cobra,
this poison does 2-12(2d6) damage
then lies in state in the body for
2-8(2d4) turns. It then becomes
active again doing 1-8(1d8) damage
each round until neutralized. A
SLOW POISON spell will add 2-
12(2d6) turns to the “sleep” time
of the poison, or if it has
awakened, it will cause “dormancy”
for 1-4(1d4) rounds.

Wolf spider poison Does 1-4(1d4) damage

Wyvern venom Save vs. death else take 1 – 6
(1d6) points of damage

Wyverwraith poison Save vs. poison or take 9-54 (9d6)
damage, save indicates half damage.
Save again or lose one life level,
if successful, take 1-4 (1d4)
damage

X Causes 10 points of damage until
death occurs

XX Causes Instant Death (Save
indicates no effect)

XXX Causes Instant Death (No Save)

Yaanth poison Save vs. poison or be paralyzed
forever (It never wears off!)

Yaksa A white liquid or powder, smells
like cherries. Does 4 – 32 (4d8)
damage, Starts in 1 – 8 rounds
after contact, runs it’s course in
1 – 4 turns. Save for no damage at
+2

Yellow peril poison Save vs. poison or take 7-42 (7d6)
to 12-72 (12d6) damage

Yellow peril toxin Does 4-16(4d4) to 7-28(7d4) damage,
save for no damage. Anyone who has
been damaged by this toxin will
retain a yellowish tint in their
skin until a RESTORATION spell is
cast upon them

Yellow urchen poison Save vs. poison or be paralyzed for
1 – 6 days

Yellowback mushroom poison When this mushroom powder is
consumed, it disolves into a
chemical that causes an chemically
induced “Power Word, STUN”

Yellowbog Poison When this poison comes in contact
with the air, it oxidizes instantly
into a 10 – 60 foot diameter cloud
(1d6*10). All creatures in the
cloud take 3 – 18 (3d6) damage per
round. Save for half damage

Yellowbog poison When this poison comes into contact
with the air, it oxidizes
instantly, creating a cloud (10 –
60 feet in diameter). All in the
cloud taking 3-18(3d6) damage per
round (Save for half damage)

Zebrilla toxin Does 1-4 (1d4) damage and the
victim must save or fall into an
epileptic state that lasts 1 round
+ 1 round for each point that they
missed their save by. If a 1 was
rolled, the epilepsy lasts for 5
turns and has a 10% chance of being
permenant

Zzotza This toxin gets NO save. It does
1-20 (1d20) damage, 1 point per
round. But the victim is stunned
and placed into a gassious state
for the duration as well

Truth Is Stranger Than Fiction. Documented BAD Case Of PMS.

by: William Mann MD
Univ of North Dakota School of Medicine

PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME

Case History

An unemployed nulliparous 19-year-old woman was arrested for stabbing
her boyfriend while intoxicated. Menarche was at 13 years, and she had
been well with no behavioral problem until l5, when she began to
exhibit paroxysmal aberrant behavior including: slashing her wrists,
shoplifting, arson, promiscuity, alcohol intoxication, expulsion from
school for assaulting teachers, and mutilation of her hands and feet
with cuts and cigarette burns. In prison, prior to her next four
menstrual periods, she assaulted a guard, tried to hang herself, cut her
wrists, and attempted to escape. During the rest of her cycle, she was
cooperative, rational, and penitent. All past episodes of aberrant
behavior which could be accurately dated, occurred on a cycle length of
29+- 2.5 days.

Initially in prison she was treated with Chlorpromazine 100mg bid and
fluphenazine injections 20 mg every 10 days. She stated that she felt
a little calmer, but depressed, with continued cyclic suicidal impulses
and a wish to “escape from life”. On several occasions during the
premenstruum she requested that she be locked up alone and expressed
fear that she was going to lose control.

She was started on medroxyprogesterone 10 mg qd on day 22 of each cycle,
and for the past two years has been free of premenstrual behavior
changes, with only mild symptoms of restlessness and bloating. She is
now working full time and married.

Definition

Premenstrual Syndrome is any combination of symptoms and signs occurring
cyclically prior to menses and resolving with the onset of menses.

Clinical Presentation

Subjective

The commonest symptoms are related to mood; – depression, irritability,
tension, lability, lassitude, insomnia and impulsivity; to body fluid
changes; – edema, weight gain, abdominal bloating, and breast fullness;
and to physical discomfort – headache, breast pain, abdominal pain or
generalized physical dysphoria.

Polydipsia, polyphagia, diarrhea and acne are also common.
Pre-existing physical and emotional problems may be exacerbated.

Objective

Weight gain is common, but so is weight loss, and affect changes may be
apparent in familiar patients. Laboratory investigations are not
generally helpful.

Clinical Management

Assessment

Almost all women report some premenstrual symptoms. It is essential to
differentiate between those who find their symptoms tolerable, and
those who consider themselves ill and who have distressing symptoms and
impaired functional capacity. It is also important to assess any
exacerbation of ongoing health problems. The specific symptoms most
troublesome to the patient and their severity guide rational therapy.

Mechanisms

The large number of theoretical models of the biochemical basis of PMS
reflect the fragile, incomplete understanding of the problem and the
complexity of its causative mechanisms. Likewise, the large number of
recommended treatments, none of which are consistently effective,
suggest a multiplicity of mechanisms with variable expression from
patient to patient. In general terms, PMS seems to represent protean
manifestations of psycho-neuro-endocrine flux, or dysfunction in the
cycling of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Particular
symptoms suggest a role for specific mediators and provide some
rationale for management of individual cases.

Estrogen effects sodium and water retention, and in addition alters the
metabolism of plasma renin and angiotesin II with a resultant increase
in Aldosterone

Progesterone has a natriuretic effect, but also increases aldosterone
activity. PMS symptoms do not occur when physiologic progesterone
levels are low in the pre-ovulatory phase and anovulatory cycles.
Paradoxically, progesterone frequently is effective treatment.
Although excreted levels of estrogren and progesterone are not
measurably abnormal, an imbalance of estrogen/progesterone is a
currently favored hypothesis. Further confusing this is the
observation that as many patients are made worse as are made better
with OCs.

Prolactin and vasopressin secretion may play a role in breast and fluid
balance changes, and although plasma levels have not correlated with
symptoms, normal bromocriptine has been beneficial, as have ergot
alkaloids.

Changes in central catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, and
epinephrine) may play a role in affective and fluid balance changes.

The measurable changes in other pituitary products – alpha MSH,GH,LH,
FSH and Beta endorphin – which occur premenstrually probably contribute
to the complexity of PMS.

Numerous clinical therapeutic trials have been provoked by such
possible causal associations as Vitamin B6 with abnormal tryptophan
metabolism and estrogen metabolism, by the anti-estrogenic effect of
Vitamin A, and its effect on acne, by possible allergy to endogenous
progresterone, and by catharsis as a means of eliminating fluid and
unspecified toxin in constipated patients.

Plans

The goal of therapy is to reduce symptoms to a level which is tolerable
to the patient and which does not impair her function. Treatment
should be aimed at the specifically troublesome symptoms, and frequent
follow up should gauge the effect on these symptoms and the patient’s
improvement in function. Treatment should be carefully matched to the
patient’s distress, as many suggested therapies have significant
toxicity.

Documented weight gain can be rationally approached with spironolactone
25-50 mg b-tid, and if this fails, hydrochlorothiazide, 25-50 mg qd.

Headache, mastalgia, and generalized discomfort may be relieved with
mild analgesics, and NSAIDs may be particularly useful with patients
who also suffer from dysmenorrhea.

Non-specific measures such as local heat, rest, and sodium restriction
may be helpful, as may exercise and weight loss which, in theory, may
have a beneficial effect on estrogen metabolism.

In patients with sleep disturbance and depression, tricyclics and
occasionally lithium may be indicated.

Bellergal, a combination of ergot, phenobarbitol, and belladonna, is a
non-specific but frequently useful treatment for patients with
irritability, breast tenderness, and abdominal bloating. Except in low
dose for occasional use, tranquilizers are best avoided as they are
entirely non-specific, even though they will reduce any patient’s
complaints about most symptoms.

Medroxy progesterone 10 mg daily during the symptomatic days, and
progesterone suppositories are very frequently effective. The estrogen
antagonist methyltestosterone is very effective, but rarely, if ever,
indicated. Bromocriptine counteracts the osmoregulatory actions and
breast stimulation of prolactin, but also has numerous poorly
understood actions in the pituitary hyopthalamus and basal ganglia.

Follow Up

The fine adjustment of treatment against symptoms can generally be
achieved in a few monthly visits.

Education

Explanation that PMS is not pathologic, accompanied by support from the
physician and from acquaintances with PMS is very helpful. The patient
should understand the goals of treatment and be given the
responsibility for adjustment of therapy.

Epidmiology

Most women suffer some symptoms of PMS, and at least a third report
significant incapacity. Psychiatric disturbance, crime and accidents
are more frequent during the premenstrual period but still less
frequent than the noncycling base line for males. The data, then, may
suggest that women deteriorate toward the male level of functioning
during the premenstrual period, or conversely that women have a
syndrome of functional improvement during the rest of the cycle, with
fewer seizures, fewer symptoms, less aberrant behavior, increased
energy and self-esteem, and improved mood.

Costs

The very significant costs of functional disability, interpersonal
discord, and personal distress may be greatly ameliorated with
education, support, and carefully adjusted symptomatic treatment.

Learning Issues

In managing a problem with no consistent physical signs or laboratory
abnormalities, it is essential to make an accurate assessment of the
patient’s function and symptomatic distress, to tailor treatment to
these, and to set and move toward appropriate goals together with the
patient.

References

Premenstrual Syndrome, Editorial; Lancet; December 1981, 1393-94.

Reid, R.L. and Yen, S.S.C. Premenstrual Syndrome; American Journal of
Obstetrics and Gynecology; 139; 85-104. 1981.

Elsner, C.W., et.al. Bromocriptine in the Treatment of Premenstrual
Tension Syndrome, Obstetrics and Gynecology; 56, 6; 723-26. 1980.
in the pre-ovulatory phase and anovulatory cycles.
Paradoxically, progesterone frequently is effective treatment.
Although excreted levels of estrogren and progesterone are not
measurably abnormal, an imbalance of estrogen/progesterone is a
currently f

The Thirty-Seven Dramatic Situations

THIRTY-SEVEN DRAMATIC SITUATIONS

1. SUPPLICATION (To humbly petition). Elements: a persecutor, a humble
petitioner, and a power in authority whose decision is doubtful.

A1 Fugitives imploring the powerful for help against their enemies.

A2 Assistance implored for the performance of a pious duty which has been
forbidden.

A3 Appeals for refuge in which to die.

B1 Hospitality besought by the shipwrecked.

B2 Charity entreated by those cast off by their own people, whom they have
disgraced.

B3 Expiation: the seeking of pardon, healing or deliverance.

B4 The surrender of a corpse, or relic, solicited.

C1 Supplication of the powerful for those dear to the suppliant.

C2 Supplication to a relative in behalf of another relative.

C3 Supplication to a mother’s lover, in her behalf.

2. DELIVERANCE. Elements: an unfortunate, a threatener, a rescuer.

A Appearance of a rescuer to the condemned.

B1 A parent replaced on the throne by his children.

B2 Rescue by friends, or by strangers grateful for benefits or hospitality.

3. CRIME PUNISHED BY VENGEANCE. Elements: an avenger and a criminal.

A1 The avenging of a slain parent or ancestor.

A2 The avenging of a slain child or descendant.

A3 Vengeance for a child dishonored.

A4 The avenging of a slain wife or husband.

A5 Vengeance for the dishonor, or the attempted dishonoring, of a wife.

A6 Vengeance for a mistress slain.

A7 Vengeance for a slain or injured friend.

A8 Vengeance for a sister seduced.

B1 Vengeance for intentional injury or spoilation.

B2 Vengeance for having been dispoiled during absence.

B3 Revenge for an attempted slaying.

B4 Revenge for a false accusation.

B5 Vengeance for violation.

B6 Vengeance for having been robbed of one’s own.

B7 Revenge upon a whole sex for a deception by one.

C Professional pursuit of criminals.

4. VENGEANCE TAKEN FOR KINDRED UPON KINDRED. Elements: Avenging kinsman,
guilty kinsman, remembrance of the victim, a relative of both.

A1 A father’s death avenged upon a mother.

A2 A mother avenged upon a father.

B A brother’s death avenged upon a son.

C A father’s death avenged upon a husband.

D A husband’s death avenged upon a father.

5. PURSUIT. Elements: Punishment and fugitive.

A Fugitives from justice pursued for crimes, political offenses, etc.

B Pursued for a fault of love.

C A hero struggling against a power.

D A pseudo-madman struggling against an alienist.

6. DISASTER. Elements: A vanquished power, a victorious enemy or a
messenger.

A1 Defeat suffered.

A2 A fatherland destroyed.

A3 The fall of humanity.

A4 A natural catastrophe.

B A monarch overthrown.

C1 Ingratitude suffered.

C2 The suffering of unjust punishment or enmity.

C3 An outrage suffered.

D1 Abandonment by a lover or a husband.

D2 Children lost by their parents.

7. FALLING PREY TO CRUELTY OR MISFORTUNE. Elements: an Unfortunate; a Master
or a Misfortune.

A The innocent made the victim of ambitious intrigue.

B The innocent despoiled by those who should protect.

C1 The powerful dispossessed and wretched.

C2 A favorite or an intimate finds himself forgotten.

D The unfortunate robbed of their only hope.

8. REVOLT. Elements: Tyrant and Conspirator.

A1 A conspiracy chiefly of one individual.

A2 A conspiracy of several.

B1 Revolt of one individual, who influences and involves others.

B2 A revolt of many.

9. DARING ENTERPRISE. Elements: A bold leader, an object, an adversary.

A Preparations for war.

B1 War.

B2 Combat.

C1 Carrying off a desired person or object.

C2 Recapture of a desired object.

D1 Adventurous expeditions.

D2 Adventure undertaken for the purpose of obtaining a beloved woman.

10. ABDUCTION. Elements: The abductor, the abducted, the guardian.

A Abduction of an unwilling woman.

B Abduction of a consenting woman.

C1 Recapture of the woman without the slaying of the abductor.

C2 The same case, with the slaying of the ravisher.

D1 Rescue of a captive friend.

D2 Of a child.

D3 Of a soul in captivity to error.

11. THE ENIGMA. Elements: Interrogator, seeker, and problem.

A Search for a person who must be found on pain of death.

B1 A riddle to be solved on pain of death.

B2 The same case, in which the riddle is proposed by the coveted woman.

C1 Temptations suffered with the object of discovering his name.

C2 Temptations offered with the object of ascertaining the sex.

C3 Tests for the purpose of ascertaining the mental condition.

12. OBTAINING. Elements: A solicitor and an adversary who is refusing, or
an arbitrator opposing parties.

A Efforts to obtain an object by ruse or force.

B Endeavor by means of persuasive eloquence along.

C Eloquence with an arbitrator.

13. ENMITY OF KINSMEN. Elements: A malevolent kinsman, a hated or
reciprocally hating kinsman.

A Hatred of brothers:

A1 One brother hated by several.

A2 Reciprocal hatred.

A3 Hatred between relatives for reasons of self-interest.

B Hatred of father and son:

B1 Of the son for the father.

B2 Mutual hatred.

B3 Hatred of daughter for father.

C Hatred of grandfather for grandson.

D Hatred of father-in-law for son-in-law.

E Hatred of mother-in-law for son-in-law.

F Infanticide.

14. RIVALRY OF KINSMEN. Elements: the preferred kinsman, the rejected
kinsman, and the object.

A1 Malicious rivalry of a brother.

A2 Malicious rivalry of two brothers.

A3 Rivalry of two brothers, with adultery on the part of one.

A4 Rivalry of sisters.

B1 Rivalry of father and son, for an unmarried woman.

B2 Rivalry of father and son, for a married woman.

B3 Case similar to the two foregoing, but in which the object is already
the wife of the father.

B4 Rivalry of mother and daughter.

C Rivalry of cousins.

D Rivalry of friends.

15. MURDEROUS ADULTERY. Elements: Two adulterers, betrayed husband or wife.

A1 The slaying of a husband by or for a paramour.

A2 The slaying of a trusting lover.

B Slaying of a wife for a paramour, and in self-interest.

16. MADNESS. Elements: Madman and victim.

A1 Kinsman slain in madness.

A2 A lover slain in madness.

A3 Slaying or injuring of a person not hated.

B Disgrace brought upon oneself through madness.

C Loss of loved ones brought about by madness.

D Madness brought on by fear of hereditary insanity.

17. FATAL IMPRUDENCE. Elements: The imprudent, the victim or the object
lost.

A1 Imprudence the cause of one’s own misfortune.

A2 Imprudence the cause of one’s own dishonor.

B1 Curiosity the cause of one’s own misfortune.

B2 Loss of the possession of a loved one, through curiosity.

C1 Curiosity the cause of death or misfortune to others.

C2 Imprudence the cause of a relative’s death.

C3 Imprudence the cause of a lover’s death.

C4 Credulity the cause of kinsman’s death.

18. OEDIPAL. Elements: The lover, the loved, and the revealer.

A1 Discovery that one has married one’s mother.

A2 Discovery that one has had one’s sister as mistress.

B1 Discovery that one has married one’s sister.

B2 The same case, in which the crime has been villainously planned by a
third person.

B3 Being upon the point of taking one’s sister, unknowingly, as a mistress.

C Being upon the point of violating, unknowingly, a daughter.

D1 Being upon the point of committing an adultery, unknowingly.

D2 Adultery committed unknowingly.

19. SLAYING OF A KINSMAN UNRECOGNIZED. Elements: The slayer, the
unrecognized victim.

A1 Being upon the point of slaying a daughter unknowingly, by command of a
divinity or an oracle.

A2 Through political necessity.

A3 Through a rivalry in love.

A4 Through hatred of the lover of the unrecognized daughter.

B1 Being upon the point of killing a son unknowingly.

B2 The same as case B1, strengthened by Machiavellian instigations.

B3 The same as case B2, intermixed with hatred of kinsmen.

C Being upon the point of killing one’s brother unknowingly:

C1 Brothers slaying in anger.

C2 A sister slaying through professional duty.

D Slaying of a mother unrecognized.

E1 A father slain unknowingly through Machiavellian advice.

E2 The simple slaying of a father unrecognized.

E3 The same case reduced from murder to simple insult.

F1 A grandfather slain unknowingly, in vengeance and through instigation.

F2 Slain involuntarily.

F3 A father-in-law killed involuntarily.

G1 Involuntary killing of a loved woman.

G2 Upon the point of killing a lover unrecognized.

G3 Failure to rescue an unrecognized son.

20. SELF-SACRIFICING FOR AN IDEAL. Elements: The hero, the ideal, the
creditor or the person or things sacrificed.

A1 Sacrifice of life for the sake of one’s word.

A2 Life sacrificed for the success of one’s people.

A3 Life sacrificed for the happiness of one’s people.

A4 Life sacrificed in filial piety.

A5 Life sacrificed for the sake of one’s faith.

B1 Both love and life sacrificed for the sake of a cause.

B2 Love sacrificed to interests of state.

C Sacrifice of well-being to duty.

D The ideal of honor sacrificed to the ideal of faith.

21. SELF-SACRIFICE FOR KINDRED. Elements: The hero, the kinsman, the
creditor or the person or thing sacrificed.

A1 Life sacrificed for that of a relative or loved one.

A2 Life sacrificed for the happiness of a relative or loved one.

B1 Ambition sacrificed for the happiness of a parent.

B2 Ambition sacrificed for the life of a parent.

C1 Love sacrificed for the sake of a parent’s life.

C2 For the happiness of one’s child.

C3 For the happiness of a loved one.

C4 The same as 2, but caused by unjust laws.

D1 Life and honor sacrificed for the life of a parent or loved one.

D2 Modesty sacrificed for the life of a relative or a loved one.

22. ALL SACRIFICED FOR A PASSION. Elements: The lover, the object of the
fatal passion, and the person or thing sacrificed.

A1 Religious vows of chastity broken for passion.

A2 A vow of purity broken.

A3 Respect for a priest destroyed.

A4 Power ruined by a passion.

A5 Ruin of mind, health, and life.

A6 Passion gratified at the price of life.

A7 Ruin of fortunes, lives, and honor.

B Temptations (see 12) destroying the sense of duty, pity, etc.

C1 Destruction of honor, fortune, and life by erotic vice.

C2 The same effect produced by any other vice.

23. NECESSITY OF SACRIFICING LOVED ONES. Elements: The hero, the beloved
victim, and the necessity for the sacrifice.

A1 Necessity for sacrificing a daughter in the public interest.

A2 Duty of sacrificing her in fulfillment of a vow to God.

B1 Duty of sacrificing, under the same circumstances, one’s father.

B3 Duty of sacrificing, under the same circumstances, one’s husband.

B4 Duty of sacrificing a son-in-law for the public good.

B5 Same case under the sake of reputation.

B6 Duty of contending with a brother-in-law for the public good.

B7 Duty of contending with a friend.

24. RIVALRY OF SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR. Elements: The superior rival, the
inferior rival, and the object.

A Masculine rivalries.

A1 Of a mortal and immortal.

A2 Of two divinities of unequal power.

A3 Of a magician and an ordinary man.

A4 Of conqueror and conquered.

A5 Of victor and vanquished.

A6 Of a master and a banished man.

A7 Of usurper and subject.

A8 Of Suzerian King and Vassal Kings.

A9 Of a powerful person and upstart.

A10 Of rich and poor.

A11 Of an honored man and a suspected one.

A12 Rivalry of two who are almost equal.

A13 Rivalry of equals, one of whom in the past has been proved guilty of
adultery.

A14 Of a man who is loved and one who has not the right to love.

A15 Of the two (or more) successive husbands of a divorcee.

B Feminine rivalries.

B1 Of a sorceress and an ordinary woman.

B2 Of victor and prisoner.

B3 Of a queen and slave.

B4 Of lady and servant.

B5 Of a lady and a woman of humbler position.

B6 Of a lady and two women of humbler class.

B7 Rivalry of two who are almost equals, complicated by the abandonment of
one.

B8 Rivalry between the memory or an ideal (that of a superior woman) and a
vassal of her own.

B9 Rivalry of mortal and immortal.

C Double rivalry (A loves B, who loves C, who loves D).

D Oriental rivalries (Hindu polygamy).

D1 Rivalry of two immortals.

D2 Of two mortals.

D3 Of two lawful wives.

25. ADULTERY. Elements: A deceived husband or wife and two adulterers.

A A mistress betrayed:

A1 For a young woman.

A2 For a young wife.

A3 For a girl.

B A wife betrayed:

B1 For a slave, who does not love in return.

B2 For debauchery.

B3 For a married woman.

B4 With the intention of bigamy.

B5 For a young girl, who does not love in return.

B6 A wife envied by a young girl who is in love with her husband.

B7 By a courtesan.

B8 Rivalry between a lawful wife who is antipathetic and a mistress who is
congenial.

B9 Between a generous wife and an impassioned girl.

C1 An antagonistic husband sacrificed for a congenial lover.

C2 A husband, believed to be lost, forgotten for a rival.

C3 A commonplace husband sacrificed for a sympathetic lover.

C4 A good husband betrayed for an inferior rival.

C5 For a grotesque rival.

C6 For an odious rival.

C7 For a commonplace rival, by a perverse wife.

C8 For a less handsome, but useful rival (with comic false suspicions).

D1 Vengeance of a deceived husband.

D2 Jealousy sacrificed out of pity.

E A husband persecuted by a rejected rival.

26. CRIMES OF LOVE. Elements: The lover and the betrayed.

A1 A mother in love with her son.

A2 A daughter in love with her father.

A3 Violation of a daughter by her father.

B1 A woman enamored of her stepson.

B2 A woman and her stepson enamored of each other.

B3 A woman being the mistress, at the same time, of a father and son, both
of whom accept the situation.

C1 A man becomes the lover of his sister-in-law.

C2 The man alone becomes enamored.

C3 A brother and sister in love with each other.

D1 A man enamored of another man, who yields.

D2 A woman enamored of a bull.

27. DISCOVERY OF THE DISHONOR OF A LOVED ONE. Elements: The discoverer and
the guilty one.

A1 Discovery of a mother’s shame.

A2 Discovery of a father’s shame.

A3 Discovery of a daughter’s dishonor.

B1 Discovery that one’s wife has been violated before marriage… since the
marriage.

B2 That she previously committed a fault.

B3 Discovery that one’s wife has formerly been a prostitute.

B4 Discovery of dishonor on the part of a lover.

B5 Discovery that one’s mistress, formerly a prostitute, has returned to
her old life.

B6 Discovery that one’s lover is a scoundrel, or that one’s mistress is a
woman of bad character… The same discovery concerning a so-called king.

B7 The same discovery concerning one’s wife.

C Discovery that one’s son is an assassin.

D1 Duty of punishing a son who is a traitor to country. A brother who is a
traitor to his party.

D2 Duty of punishing a son condemned under a law which the father has made.

D3 Duty of punishing a son believed to be guilty.

D4 Duty of sacrificing, to fulfill a vow of tyrannicide, a father until
then unknown.

D5 Duty of punishing a brother who is an assassin.

D6 Duty of punishing one’s mother to avenge one’s father.

28. OBSTACLES TO LOVE. Elements: Two lovers and an obstacle.

A1 Marriage prevented by inequality of rank.

A2 Inequality of fortune an impediment to marriage.

B Marriage prevented by enemies and contingent obstacles.

C1 Marriage forbidden on account of the young woman’s previous betrothal to
another.

C2 The same case, complicated by an imaginary marriage of the beloved
object.

D1 A free union impeded by the opposition of relatives.

D2 Family affection disturbed by the parents-in-law.

E By the incompatibility of temper of the lovers.

F Love

29. AN ENEMY LOVED. Elements: The beloved enemy, the lover, and the hater.

A The loved one hated by the kinsman of the lover.

A1 The lover pursued by the brothers of his beloved.

A2 The lover hated by the family of his beloved.

A3 The lover is the son of a man hated by the kinsmen of his beloved.

A4 The beloved is an enemy of the party of the woman who loves him.

B1 The lover is the slayer of the father of his beloved.

B2 The beloved is the slayer of the father of the beloved.

B3 The beloved is the slayer of the brother of her lover.

B4 The beloved is the slayer of the husband of the woman who loves him, but
who has previously sworn to avenge that husband.

B5 The same case, except that a lover, instead of a husband, has been
slain.

B6 The beloved is the slayer of a kinsman of the woman who loves him.

B7 The beloved is the daughter of the slayer of her lover’s father.

30. AMBITION. Elements: An ambitious person, a thing coveted, and an
adversary.

A1 Ambition watched and guarded against by a kinsman or patriot friend or
by a brother.

A2 By a relative or person under obligation.

A3 By partisans.

B Rebellious ambition (akin to #8).

C1 Ambition and covetousness heaping crime upon crime.

C2 Parricidal ambition.

31. CONFLICT WITH A GOD. Elements: A mortal and an immortal.

A1 Struggle against a deity

A2 Strife with the believers in a god.

B1 Controversy with a deity.

B2 Punishment for contempt of a god.

B3 Punishment for pride before a god.

B4 Presumptuous rivalry with a god.

B5 Imprudent rivalry with a deity.

32. MISTAKEN JEALOUSY. Elements: The jealous one, the object of whose
possession he is jealous, the supposed accomplice, and the cause or the author
of the mistake.

A1 The mistake originates in the suspicious mind of the jealous one.

A2 Mistaken jealousy aroused by a fatal chance.

A3 Mistaken jealousy of a love which is purely platonic.

A4 Baseless jealousy aroused by malicious rumors.

B1 Jealousy suggested by a traitor who is moved by hatred.

B2 The same case, in which the traitor is moved by self-interest.

B3 The same case, in which the traitor is moved by jealousy and self-
interest.

C1 Reciprocal jealousy suggested to husband and wife by a rival.

C2 Jealousy suggested to the husband by a woman who is in love with him.

C3 Jealousy suggested to the wife by a second rival.

C4 Jealousy suggested to a happy lover by a deceived husband.

33. ERRONEOUS JUDGEMENT. Elements: The mistaken one, the victim of the
mistake, the cause or author of the mistake, and the guilty person.

A1 False suspicion where faith is necessary.

A2 False suspicion (in which the jealousy is not without reason) of a
mistress.

A3 False suspicions aroused by a misunderstood attitude of a loved one.

A4 By indifference.

B1 False suspicions drawn upon oneself to save a friend.

B2 They fall upon the innocent husband of the guilty one.

B3 The same case as B2, but in which the innocent had a guilty intention or
in which the innocent believes himself guilty.

B4 A witness to a crime, in the interest of a loved one, lets accusation
fall upon the innocent.

C1 The accusation is allowed to fall upon an enemy.

C2 The error is provoked by an enemy.

C3 The mistake is directed against the victim by her brother.

D1 False suspicion thrown by the real culprit upon one of his enemies.

D2 Thrown by the real culprit upon the second victim against whom he has
plotted from the beginning.

D3 False suspicion thrown upon a rival.

D4 Thrown upon one innocent, because he has refused to be an accomplice.

D5 Thrown by a deserted mistress upon a lover who left her because he would
not deceive her husband.

D6 Struggle to rehabilitate oneself and to avenge a judicial error
purposely caused.

34. REMORSE. Elements: The culprit, the victim or the sin, and the
interrogator.

A1 Remorse for an unknown crime.

A2 Remorse for parricide.

A3 Remorse for an assassination… for a judicial murder.

A4 Remorse for the murder of husband or wife.

B1 Remorse for a fault of love.

B2 Remorse for adultery.

35. RECOVERY OF A LOST ONE. Elements: The seeker and the one found.

36. LOSS OF LOVED ONES. Elements: A kinsman slain, a kinsman spectator, and
an executioner.

A1 Witnessing the slaying of kinsmen, while powerless to prevent it.

A2 Helping to bring misfortune upon one’s people through professional
secrecy.

B Divining the death of a loved one.

C Learning of the death of a kinsman or ally.

D Relapse in primitive baseness, through despair on learning of the death
of a loved one.

37. MISTAKEN IDENTITY.

A Thinking someone is rich when he’s poor.

B The wrong man caught in the web of fear.

C Schizophrenia.

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“Raw Data for Raw Nerves”

The Diversionary Tactic Of Plant Pain, By Ted Wayn Altar (December 18, 1992)

Newsgroups: rec.food.veg
From: altar@beaufort.sfu.ca (Ted Wayn Altar)
Subject: Plant Pain
Message-ID:
Sender: news@sfu.ca
Organization: Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1992 16:54:17 GMT
Lines: 389

[This document contains both parts concatenated.]

I see that the old chestnut of “plant pain” has again been
invoked. Apparently, this is a common argument and so, dear
reader, permit me to re-post an older message of mine that
attempts to address this issue in a discursive, but also
humourous manner.

Happy Holiday Season,

ted

THE DIVERSIONARY TACTIC OF PLANT PAIN

TED ALTAR

A. HOW MIGHT CHARLES DARWIN RESPOND?

With respect to this extravagant debate on plant pain we
have at hand a most promiscuous adjoining of some verified
facts with improper inferences. This reminds me of a story
(probably apocryphal as are so many of the best anecdotes)
about Charles Darwin who in his later years was the guest of
a family whose two boys approached him with a clever
deception. Using some old desiccated specimens of insects,
they had deftly attached the wings of a butterfly, the head
of a beetle and the legs of a grasshopper to the body of a
centipede. “We have this strange bug we caught some time
ago” they innocently said, “Can you tell us what it might
be?” Darwin squinted and examined it as best he could and
asked, “Can you remember if it hummed when you caught it?”
he asked in all seriousness. Without smirking, the boys
answered yes, whereupon Darwin replied, “Just as I thought,
it is a humbug!”

B. THE SPECIOUS INFERENCE OF PLANT PAIN.

No doubt we all have been amazed by much “humbug” on this
conference, but maybe no greater example is to be given than
that of “plant pain”. Those whose common sense remains
intact will have no difficulty in accepting as sufficient
the following:

1. Our best science to date shows that plants lack any
semblance of a central nervous system or any other system
design for such complex capacities as that of a conscious
suffering from felt pain.

2. Plants simply have no evolutionary need to feel pain.
Animals being mobile would benefit from the ability to sense
pain; plants would not. Nature does not create gratuitously
such complex capacities as that of feeling pain unless there
should be some benefit for the organism’s survival.

Well, as Oliver Goldsmith realistically observed, “Every
absurdity has its champions to defend it”. And yes, we
have some defenders who would ignore common sense and argue
for plant pain. Remarkable!. But maybe not so remarkable
if we keep in mind the motivation for such humbug. The
following argument has repeated been voiced against the
concern of us who would forward greater regard for the
woefully neglected and grievous suffering of those sentient
creatures who cannot defend, nor articulate in words, their
plight. The following `reductio ad absurdum’ is supposed to
suffice as an irrefutable trashing of animal rights.

Premise(1) If a sentient being can consciously experience
pain and suffering, then it is wrong to inflict
pain & suffering on such a sentient being
Premise(2) Plants are sentient beings that can experience
pain & suffering
Conclusion: It is wrong to inflict pain & suffering on plants.

In order to challenge the acceptability of premise(1), the
anti-AR would have us believe that such a premise
ineluctably leads to the absurd conclusion as stated above.
In order to achieve this coup de grace of animal rights, the
anti-AR who would give little or no coin to premise (1),
would instead introduce the claims of premise(2) as somehow
“scientifically established”. In order to debunk animal
rights as foolish, the anti-AR would first have us believe
in the reality of “plant pain”. Hence, they would attempt
to bury AR into a hole but ironically by first bulldozing a
much deeper one for themselves.

E. “EVERY ABSURDITY HAS ITS CHAMPIONS TO DEFEND IT”

You say that I am merely spinning my wheels on a straw man?
Then permit me to quote from two of the most loquacious and
articulate promoters of plant “pain” on this conference.

Poster A would bait us with the following argument, an
argument that presumably he still holds as having merit by
virtue of his repeated postings of this worn polemic:

AR: “You’re crude and unfeeling; you’d probably laugh
at your mother’s death.”
non-AR: “That’s silly, my mother is a human. A deer isn’t.”
AR: “Deer can suffer, and so do cattle…so I don’t eat meat.”
non-AR: “You apparently have no problem killing plants, though.”
AR: “It’s not the same. Plants aren’t animals.”
non-AR: “You’re killing a living thing for food, nevertheless.”
AR: “But it can’t feel; it’s not sentient; it has no nervous
system.”
non-AR: “Does dissimilarity rule out ‘pain’?”
AR: “Yes.”
non-AR: “That’s completely illogical and unscientific.”

Note how Poster A would invoke the authority of logic and
science as “completely” on his side. Next, consider the
assertions of Poster B:

As a plant molecular biologist with quite a few
refereed papers on the subject of cellular
communication in plants, please allow me to debunk the
unsubstantiated mythology described above. Plants have
no *need* to feel pain? Ridiculous.

When a plant is attacked by an herbivorous insect,
might it not be in the best interest of the plant to
mobilize its chemical defenses in other parts of the
plant in anticipation of further insect attack? When a
leaf is infected by a pathogenic fungus, might the rest
of the plant wish to bolster its chemical and enzymatic
defenses against the spread of the pathogen? News
flash — the plant *would* benefit, hence the
development of a systemic (throughout the plant)
response to local tissue damage by herbivores and
pathogens. (Many) references available upon request.
It might easily be argued that *because* plants can’t
move they need effective chemical defenses and
effective detection and communication. This is the
case. You may doubt the sensory and integrative
abilities of plants, so I invite you to spend a few
weeks in my lab and learn the truth. Plants don’t have
nerves, since they don’t share a particularly recent
common ancestor with animals. Plants feel tissue
injury and respond quickly, precisely, and with an
effective battery of defenses. They don’t feel *like
us*, but it would be a mistake to say that they *don’t
feel*.

Here we have the authority of logic, science and “truth”
being imprecated against the sorry state of AR nescience and
“mythology”. Yet, no single published book, or paper in a
scientific journal, has been cited as indeed making this
claim that “plants feel pain”. Sure, there is interesting
evidence about plants reacting to local tissue damage and
even sending signalling molecules serving to stimulate
certain chemical defenses of nearby plants. But what has
this got to do with supporting the only morally relevant
claim worth considering, namely that “plants FEEL AND SUFFER
from pain”? Where are the scientific references for this
putative fact?

Now, dear reader, please be patient with my indulgence to
develop a reasoned reply to such assertive and authoritative
pronouncements about plant pain.

C. A REDUCTIO ON A REDUCTIO

Although the plant pain promoters are fond of reductios,
they will not likely appreciate the following extension of
their own. By their “logic”, it would equally be the case
that rain clouds behave purposefully in the sense that they
could be said to functionally remove, by way of raining,
excessive moisture that is causing their overstaturation.
Furthermore, rain clouds bear meaningful information about
their level of oversaturation in the form of weight relative
to volume. Do not clouds, therefore, “sense” (in some
tortured notion of the word) when atmospheric pressure is
insufficient for their moisture content to remain in a
vaporous state? The promoters of plant pain would have us
believe, against our good common sense, that by the mere
presence of purposive BEHAVIOURS of avoidance and REACTIONS
to tissue damage in plants we therefore must attribute to
plants mental states like that of some kind of “felt pain”.
Well, then by the same logic we must do the same to clouds.
In the hole that these promoters of plant pain would dig for
themselves, not only must we accept the thesis of plant
pain, we would also have to swallow some notion of “cloud
sentience”!

D. THE BEHAVIOURAL INFERENCE OF MENTAL STATES

Lest we forget the ultimate point of what follows, let us
not forget the central thesis of AR. Simply stated: to the
extent other animals share with us, at least to some degree,
certain morally relevant attributes, then to that extent we
cannot ignore, for the purposes of consistency or justice,
giving due regard and concern towards those animals. Two
attributes that are arguably relevant are:

1. our commonly shared interest in the avoidance of
pain and suffering.

2. and the quality of other animals also being
subjects-of-a-life which matters to them as to how such
a life fares well or ill.

Both these qualities posit other animals having certain
mental states. Also note that in order to speak of “mental
states” proper, we would denote, as common usage would
dictate, that such states are marked by consciousness. It
is simply insufficient to mark off mental states by only the
presence of purposefulness or intentionality since many
objects, like thermostats and hand calculators, possess
purposeful-looking behaviours or are in an information-
bearing state.

Let us further observe that the attribution of morally
relevant mental states to even humans was at one time an
issue of contention. For example, consider the case of that
very prestigious scientific apologist of his society’s
ambient prejudices, Silas Mitchell, founder of American
neurology. He claimed that civilized men suffered pain in a
far more ethically relevant manner:

“In our process of being civilized we have won . . .
intensified capacity to suffer. The savage does not
feel pain as we do” [1].

Today, we can witness a similar prejudice that animals do
not suffer pain to the same capacity as we do. For
instance, a cow after surgery will right away start eating
grass, therefore it will be said that the cow cannot be
suffering from post-surgery pain. Just as with the stoic
“savage”, who is to say that a cow is not likewise simply
bearing the pain more “heroically” since, as with the non-
civilized human, food is more of an imperative than moaning
with pain; indeed, what else can they do?

So then, how do we properly attribute the existence of
mental states to other animals, or even to ourselves for
that matter, since in the past we have certainly made
mistakes on this score? As we have seen, the *criterion of
outward functional behaviour* has been faulty with even
humans. Yet, our plant pain promoters would employ this
same criterion at a different level, turn things on their
head and argue that because plants react to noxious stimuli,
they therefore feel pain. Now, if the inference of pain
from overt behaviours has been faulty for attributing pain
where we now know pain most assuredly exists, then it is
probably equally faulty in attributing pain where pain does
not exist. If reactions or behaviours were sufficient, then
we would have to say that a mere toy doll crying and
wriggling, when triggered to do so by certain stimuli, was
indeed in pain.

Similarly, we cannot infer the presence of felt pain simply
by the presence of a sub-class of behaviours which are
functional for an organism’s amelioration or avoidance of
noxious stimuli. Thermostats obviously react to thermal
changes in the environment and respond in a functionally
appropriate manner to restore an initial “preferred” state
thereby maintaining an equilibrium of the status quo. We
would be dirt foolish, however, to then attribute to
thermostats that therefore they must “sense” or “feel” some
kind of “pain”. Even warning quotes around our terms don’t
protect us from such an catachrestic absurdity.

Clearly, the behavioral criterion of even functional
avoidance/defense reactions, is simply not sufficient nor
even necessary for the proper attribution of pain as a felt
mental state. This is not to say that it is completely
irrelevant for it can at least index the presence of pain in
those creatures we already know or have good reason to
believe experience and suffer pain. Behaviour by itself
does not index pain in our toy doll or thermostat, but
behaviour does usefully index the occurrence of pain and
suffering in those animals that we already have reason to
believe have the capacity to suffer.

E. THE RELEVANCE OF SPECIALIZED STRUCTURE

To state the obvious, science, including the biological
sciences, are generally committed to the working assumption
of scientific materialism or physicalism [2]. Now, unless
the “new” biology has returned to some arcane version of
vitalism or dualism, then we must start with the generally
accepted scientific assumption that matter is the only
existent or real primordial constituent of the universe.

Let it be said at the outset that scientific materialism as
such does not preclude the existence of emergent or
functional qualities like that of mind, consciousness, and
feeling (or even, dare I say it, free will), but all such
qualities are dependant upon the existence of organized
matter. If there is no hardware, there is nothing for the
software to run on. If there is no intact, living brain,
there is simply no mind. Now, just for the record it should
also be said that even contemporary versions of dualism or
mind-stuff theories will also make depended their embodied
mental states in this world on the presence of sufficiently
organized matter.

To briefly state the case, what is referred to as non-
reductive materialism [3] would simply consider cognitive
functions like consciousness and mind as emergent properties
of sufficiently organized matter. Just as breathing is a
function of a complex system of organs referred to
aggregately as the respiratory system, so too is
consciousness a function of the immensely complex
information-processing capabilities of a central nervous
system. Now, according to such a neo-functionalist account
of mental states, HOW the matter is organized and in with
WHAT materials is not necessarily delimited to the mammalian
brain. It is possible in theory, that our Alpha Centaurians
who evolved from carrots could equally instantiate some
“higher” functions of consciousness. This may even be
possible with a future computer given a sufficiently complex
and orderly organization of its hardware and clever
software. While such a computer does not yet exist, and we
don’t yet know about those Alpha Centaurians, we DO know
that certain living organisms on this planet do possess the
requisite complexity of specialized and highly organized
structure for the emergence of mental states.

In theory, plants could possess a mental state like pain,
but IF, AND ONLY IF there is a requisite complexity of
organized plant tissue which could serve to INSTANTIATE the
kinds of complex information processing that is prerequisite
to such higher order mental states as that of consciousness
and felt pain. A mammalian brain is not necessary but an
immensely complex hierarchically organized central processor
of some form would be.

Now, where is the morphological evidence that such a
complexity of tissue in plants exist? Single cells or even
aggregates of surrounding tissue is not sufficient for there
to be a functional state of felt pain any more than even
todays complex integrated circuit chips evince consciousness
of any kind. A lot is required and plants just don’t have
it. This is not to say that they cannot exhibit complex
reactions, but we are simply OVER-INTERPRETING such
reactions when they are designated as “felt pain”.

With respect to all mammals, birds, and reptiles, we know
that they possess a sufficiently complex neural structure to
enable felt pain plus an evolutionary need for such
consciously felt states. They possess complex and
specialized organizations of tissue call sense organs, they
possess a specialized and complex structure for processing
information and for centrally orchestrating appropriate
behaviours in accordance with mental representations,
integrations and reorganizations of that information. The
proper attribution of felt pain in these animals is well
justified, but it is not for plants by any stretch of the
imagination.

ted

I. REFERENCES

[1] Cited from M. Pernick’s (1985) “A CALCULUS OF SUFFERING:
PAIN, PROFESSIONALISM AND ANESTHESIA IN 19TH C.
AMERICA. New York: Columbia University Press. Cited
in turn in Bernard Rollin’s (1989), “THE UNHEEDED CRY:
ANIMAL CONSCIOUSNESS, ANIMAL PAIN AND SCIENCE”.
Oxford: Oxford University Press. I would strongly
recommend Rollin’s book as a very well argued and
documented scholarly work on this important issue.

[2] Burtt, E. A. (1924). THE METAPHYSICAL FOUNDATIONS OF
MODERN SCIENCE. London: Routledge & Kegan
[3] See Flanagan, Owen’s THE SCIENCE OF THE MIND (2n ed).
Mass.: The MIT Press. Provides for a good review of
these issues.
THE FALLACIES BEHIND THE PLANT PAIN ARGUMENT

Many are destined to reason wrongly, others, not to
reason at all; and others, to persecute those who do
reason. (Voltaire)

How, then, could anybody seriously entertain this humbug of plant
pain? Is it not remarkable that the most persistent and
articulate of the anti-AR would forward such contentious and
prima facie absurd claims. But I guess it is not so remarkable
if we keep in mind their dogged intent to debunk the claims of
animal rights, seemingly no matter at what cost to good sense,
rationality, or even established scientific fact. Since, as we
have seen, many would claim to be avowed ethical subjectivists,
at least when it is convenient to do so, I guess we should not be
surprised that rationality and intellect is merely made sullied
handmaidens for advancing their quest to discredit the case for
animal rights.

What follows, dear reader, are five of the common flaws of reason
masquerading as arguments on behalf of plant rights.

1. Error #1: THE ARGUMENTUM AD IGNORANTIUM

In the name of open-mindedness, we are asked to take seriously
the claim of plant pain because the disbelievers and the
incredulous simply cannot prove that plants have no felt pain, or
that our knowledge of such things as with many other things, is
simply incomplete and uncertain. For instance, it has been said
that:

“The simple fact that “cruelty” cannot be DIS-proved
introduces reasonable doubt into this argument.”

Here we have the presumption of innocence found in a court of law
being inappropriately transferred to how scientific theories are
to be established or seriously entertained. Normally, we would
argue on BEHALF of a scientific theory by presenting evidence for
it, not by pointing to our current lack of evidence unless one is
arguing AGAINST a theory. The plant pain promoters would turn
the logic of scientific justification on its head.

Now, in a general or ultimate sense it is TRIVIALLY TRUE that
there is no final “proof” against such wild notions, but then
there is also no ultimate proof against unicorns or ghosts. It
is a well known INFORMAL FALLACY to conclude from a lack of
disproof for something’s existence that it therefore exists or
must be taken as a serious possibility for existence. That is to
say, it is simply false to argue that a proposition is true
simply on the basis that it has not been proved false. The idea
here is to try to persuade people of a proposition which avails
itself of facts and reasons the falsity or inadequacy of which is
not readily discerned.

This flawed logic is technically referred to by logicians as the
“ARGUMENTUM AD IGNORANTIUM” (argument from ignorance). This is a
logically invalid argument, one that would exploit our common
ignorance of things. Now, you might ask, why shouldn’t we permit
speculative theories to enter into our foundation of ethics.
Consider, however, the following example:

“no breath of scandal has ever touched the mayor,
therefore she is MUST be incorruptibly honest”.

Maybe she is and maybe she is not, but our ignorance does not
establish the truth or falsity of the conclusion that she is
incorruptibly honesty. It is simply unfair to employ our
ignorance as the sole basis of support for some social/public
concern.

Similarly, what we DO KNOW about how animals experience pain and
suffering is of relevance for a system of public ethics. What we
do know about plants is that they DO NOT HAVE a nervous system
nor a structure at the cellular level designed to process
information in a manner that would conceivably enable a conscious
suffering of pain or discomfort. What we do NOT YET KNOW about
the workings of plants, of how consciousness in general is
enabled, or of how the universe as a whole works, is simply not
relevant. It is one thing to plea for open-mindedness, it is
quite another to promote intellectual promiscuity under the same
banner.

2. Error #2: EQUIVOCATION OF TERMS TO BOOTLEG A FALSE
CONCLUSION

To understand this very slippery and flawed reasoning that
logicians refer to as the informal fallacy of EQUIVOCATION,
consider the following example:

“The end of a thing is its perfection;
death is the end of life;
hence, death is the perfection of life”

Note the two senses of the word “end” and how the last part of
the sentence confuses them. The word “end” may mean either
“goal” or “last event”. Both meanings are legitimate, but to
confuse the two in an argument is a fallacy. In the example
above we have two legitimate premises but a false conclusion that
does not follow from the premises, unless we remove the
equivocation and rewrite, say, the first premise as:

“The LAST EVENT of a thing is its perfection”.

But such a premise is patently false.

This is exactly the kind of flawed argumentation that is
occurring with our promoters of plant pain. For instance, the
term “sentient” is deemed applicable to plants given ONE of its
meanings to simply be the “responsiveness to sensory stimuli”.
After arguing further that what plants do at a molecular level
can be deemed a “sensory response”, even thought they do not
possess specialized organizations of tissue called sense organs
(see error #3 below), they would then have us accept the
designation that plants are “sentient”.

Let us, for the sake of argument, accept their twisted meaning of
the term of “sentient” to simply mean a functional reaction on a
biochemical or cellular level to noxious or warning stimuli. In
this sense, they will argue that a plant can be said to be
“sentient”. But at a different juncture they would then have us
conclude that because plants are indeed “sentient” they also
“feel” tissue injury or assault as “unpleasant”! What the wily
plant pain promoters have done is simply bootleg a false
conclusion by switching between two quite difference meanings of
the word “sentient”. Permit me to lay it out:

premise 1: Plants are responsive to “sense” impressions
premise 2: As defined in the dictionary, anything
responsive to sense impressions are sentient
conclusion 1: Plants are sentient

Note that premise 1 employs the word “sense” in a very
restrictive manner to mean, for the plant pain promoters,
“reactions to certain stimuli”. Now, for them to jump from this
minimal and idiosyncratic usage of “sentient” to the issue of
plant pain, our wily abusers of ordinary language IMPLICITLY are
forwarding something like the following argument.

conclusion 1: Plants are sentient
premise 3: Sentient beings are conscious of sense
impressions
conclusion 2: plants are conscious of sense impressions

premise 4: To be conscious of a noxious stimuli is felt as
unpleasant
conclusion 3: noxious stimuli to plants is unpleasant

From unpleasant we then arrive at plant pain. Of course, our
plant promoters will protest that they never said that plants
have “consciousness” or “feel” pain, but only that they respond
in a manner similar to how we respond to pain. Well, if that be
truly the only claim and no more, then there is simply no
relevance whatsoever of such an idiosyncratic notion plant “pain”
to the real ethical issue of animals suffering from felt pain.
If it is not irrelevant, then we have either one of 2 results:

1. equivocating on usage of “sentient” to bootleg a false
conclusion. This is a logical, not a semantic, fallacy.

2. redefining what ordinary people mean by pain and
suffering so that these terms no longer refer to a conscious
awareness of pain/suffering. Now we have the error of
irrelevant re-definition. This brings us to the next error
of reasoning.

3. Error #3: LOGOMACHY OR “LET’S PLAY RE-DEFINITION”

. For most people, “sentient” designates the capacity to feel.
That is, it would refer to a mental state, not a mere set of
behaviours. The Oxford English Dictionary list 3 core meanings,
of which the plant pain promoters will selectively choose only
one, it being the most minimal definition, namely:

“def 2: Phys. Of organs or tissues: responsive to sensory
stimuli.”

Of course, they do not look any further. If they were, they
might be surprised to discover that the word “sensory” refers to
the organs of “sense” or belonging to “sensation” In turn, the
words “sense” and “sensation” refers to the organs or mental
states of perception, of psychical affection, of consciousness,
etc. Indeed, it is designated right at the beginning that
“sensation” is “now commonly the subjective element in the
operation of the senses; psychical feeling” (OED). The meanings
that predominate refer to mental states, and as we have noted,
all mental states are marked by consciousness. Yet, our plant
pain promoters ignore these obvious conventions of ordinary word
meanings and would legislate their own. And what motivates this
re-definition of our terms? Certainly, not to promote clarity or
scientific accuracy. If plants have “pain” but no consciousness
then what are we to make of such muddy oxymorons as that of an
“unconscious pain” or an “unfelt pain”?

If our promoters of plant pain weren’t so blunt serious, this
might all be very funny. Indeed, good puns and amusing gaffs
result from an incongruous and inapposite word usage. For
example, someone once stole the seats from all the toilets in a
Canadian RCMP station. The official press release by the
Mounties said that they still had nothing to go on. Methinks our
pain promoters also have nothing to go on.

4. Error #4: REMOTE PARALLELS DO NOT MAKE FOR IDENTITIES

Now, we have been entertained by our plant pain promoters of some
interesting facts like that of oak trees diverting some of its
activity to an increase production of tannic acid in respond to,
say, a Gypsy moth invasion. We are informed that:

> There IS a parallel here, and the relative complexity of the
> sensory and interpretive mechanisms is irrelevant.

The cruel fact remains, however, that PARALLELS DO NOT MAKE FOR
IDENTITIES. Indeed, how something is achieved is just as
important as what is being achieved in order to properly
attribute there to be identity. For animals, conscious
motivation to avoid pain figures very large in how they would
avoid or mitigate pain. Pain is not something that is unfelt.
It makes no sense to speak of “unfelt, unconscious pain”, yet our
plant pain promoters will insist upon there being a morally
relevant parallel.

To illustrate this point about identity, please permit me to work
from a different and more familiar example. Now, it has been
argued that computers “think” as evidence by their capacity to
manipulate symbols. What shall we make of this?.

Searle’s (1980) well-known Chinese room argument, however, at
least makes clear that computers as syntactic engines are not
“understanders” of language even if they should one day be
successful at translating from Chinese to English back to
Chinese. The subjective life and mind accompanying a person’s
performances would seem to involve more than the computer’s
superior efficiency at manipulating data according to sequences
of algorithm-governed operations. To even here speak of “rule-
governed operations” is misleading since it suggests we can talk
of these machines under the description of them “following
rules”. Shanker (1987) makes the case that this violates our
logical grammar of rule-following being a normative rather a
mechanical action and that it is an action predicated on some
necessary minimal “understanding” of the rule. Due to the
literal ascription implied by this trope about computers, we are
lapsing into the same kind of conceptual confusion that would
occur if we were to literally ascribe to the members of a meeting
that they were following Robert’s rules of order even though they
were ignorant of, or did not understand the rules. If we were to
say such a thing, it would only be FIGURATIVE for simply saying
that the members just happen to be inadvertently or unknowingly
abiding by Robert’s rules. Notwithstanding the generosities of
idealization and wishful rhetoric, the computer analogue still
remains a metaphor and one that too often invites a misleading
anthropomorphism (Dreyfus, 1987).

Indeed, as the problems of the computer metaphor are becoming
more widely appreciated and, as Michie (1982) notes, the former
heuristic value of the metaphor is being replaced by more exact
and fruitful formalizations and mathematics, the metaphor is
beginning to become less frequent in the scientific prose of AI
science itself. While anthropomorphic speculation inaugurated
both the animal and computer models, it is a circumspect
anthropomorphism tempered with naturalism that now appears to be
the most fruitful approach for the understanding of animals
(Griffin, 1981), but it is an “objectivist”, or more precisely an
electrical-mechanical and symbolic-mathematical prose, that is
more fitting for AI. With respect to plants, the language of
mental states is simply addleheaded and daft.

5. Error #5: OVER-INTERPRETATION OF ESTABLISHED FACTS

Now, we have been told that “there IS some evidence which shows
that plants are “sentient”, in the broad sense of the word.”
Hmm., more likely the narrow and twisted sense of the word. But
again, all we have is simply the interesting but morally
irrelevant facts about plants reacting to certain noxious
stimuli, or to the signalling molecules of other plants under
attack. We are then asked about how this might be different from
our own sense of smell. They would ask, “is this not equivalent
to plant sensation or of a plant sensing its environment?” By
now, we should be able to readily reply that such usage simply
stretches our ordinary definitions of the word “sense”. Mere
behavioural reactions and avoidance to certain stimuli is
insufficient for the attributions of mental states like that of
perceptions and knowing sensation. Again, we have either an
equivocation of usage to bootleg false conclusion, or we simply
have a re-defninition of our ordinary meanings to something
idiosyncratic and morally irrelevant. HOW the plants do what
they do is just as important as the function of what those
reactions subserve.

Here is an example of over-interpretation that was due to this
error of only observing the end result and not the means. It was
once thought that army ants were comprised of a strategic
military column marching through the forest with direction,
purpose and foresight. Well, it turns out that these ants simply
follow the smell of the ants in front, and in turn the leading
ants simply, in a somewhat random manner, lurch or are, pushed
forward. If these ants were to be placed on a flat surface and
the leading ants were to make a circle back to the rump end of
the column, the marching column of ants would simply go around
and around until they died. Where is the intentional purpose,
planning and foresight? There is no scouting ahead of the
terrain, no deliberative leadership, just a very simply mechanism
that under normal conditions in the uneven terrain of the forest
works very effectively to keep the ants ever moving forward in
search new food supplies. The key point is that for many
centuries people over-interpreted what was going on simply
because they only observed the overt functional behaviours and
not the means and enabling conditions for those behaviours.

6. THE BELIEF IN NON-EXISTENT PAINS. 🙂

Patient reader, permit me to finish with one last observation.
Hypochondriacs are, as you know, people who believe in pains that
simply don’t exist. This much they have in common with our plant
pain promoters. Of course, hypochondriacs also are easily
persuaded that they must themselves have what even the most
superficial description of an illness would describe. I’ll leave
it to the reader to decide if this parallel also applies to our
plant pain promoters. Now, there is the amusing story of one
such person who after hearing a lecture on diseases of the
kidney, immediately phoned his doctor. The good doctor patiently
explained that in that particular disease there were no pains or
discomfort of any kind, whereupon our hypochondriac gasped, “I
knew it, my symptoms exactly!” 🙂

ted

REFERENCES

Dreyfus, Hubert L. (1987). Misrepresenting human intelligence.
In Rainer Born (Ed.), Artificial intelligence: The case
against. London: Croom Helm.
Griffin, Donald R. (1981). The question of animal awareness:
Evolutionary continuity of mental experience (2nd ed.).
California: William Kaufmann. Another good book that I
would highly recommend.
Michie, Donald (1982). Machine intelligence and related topics.
London: Gordon & Breach Science Publishers.
Searle, J. (1980). Minds, brains, and programs. Behavioral and
Brain Sciences, 3, 417-457.
Shanker, S. G. (1987). The decline and fall of the mechanist
metaphor. In Rainer Born (Ed.), Artificial intelligence:
The case against. London: Croom Helm.
Taylor, Charles (1964). The explanation of behaviour. London:
Routledge & Kegan Paul.

How To Make A Paper Airplane

1) Begin with a rectangular sheet of paper without
holes, folds, or tears. Eight and one half inches on one set
of sides by eleven inches on the other are recommended
dimensions of the sheet of paper, but other sizes may be
used.
2) Imagine a line with endpoints at the bisection of the
shorter sides, and fold the paper in half at this line.
Crease the fold and then open the paper so that it rests upon
the fold, and the halves of the paper point upward in a `V’
shape. Designate one of the short ends as forward and the
other as rear.
3) Fold the right forward corner to the crease so that
an isoscoles triangle is formed. The equal sides should be
each one half the width of the paper, one running from the
forward end of the crease until the right angle of the
corner, which should also lay on the crease. The other equal
side should run from the corner to the right edge of the
paper, and should be perpendicular to the crease.
4) Repeat step 3 on the left side as if it were the
mirror image of the right. You should now have a five sided
shape resembling a triangle sitting on top of a rectangle.
5) Starting with the first point at forward, mentally
designate each corner with a letter going clockwise A, B, C,
D and E. Fold corner B down to the crease so that side AB
follows the crease. Then fold corner E to the crease so that
side EA is on the crease.
6) Fold the main crease back up so that the two sides
match and cover each other. Make a fold on each side
parallel to the crease and approximately one-fourth to one-
third of the width from the crease to the side. These folds
should point away from each other and should form a flat
surface perpendicular to the main body.
Optional: the following are steps that can be taken to
`jazz up’ your paper airplane, but are not essential to basic
flight.
7) To give a longer, smoother flight, place a paper clip
one or two inches from the forward tip. The clip should be
placed over the crease.
8) For a more predictable and stable flight, place a
short piece of scotch tape from one wing to the other. The
tape should not exceed one and one half inches in length and
should be placed approximately one third of the way from the
rear to the front.
9) To make a tail, cut or carefully tear at the rear of
the plane (one to two inches from the rear) starting from the
crease straight to the wings being careful not to cut or tear
the wings. Push the rear section that you have just
separated up with your fingers until the section from the cut
back sticks up from the wings in the opposing direction from
the body.
Other tips can be found in the Advanced How to Make a
Paper Airplane by the author.

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Burn This Flag Zardoz 408/363-9766
realitycheck Poindexter Fortran 510/527-1662
Lies Unlimited Mick Freen 801/278-2699
The New Dork Sublime Biffnix 415/864-DORK
The Shrine Rif Raf 206/794-6674
Planet Mirth Simon Jester 510/786-6560

“Raw Data for Raw Nerves”
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Extensive(!) Listing Of Broadcasting Pioneers

BROADCAST SERVICE PIONEERS: POLICIES AND STATIONS Thomas H. White
September 1, 1987

Despite extensive interest about the formation of the American broadcasting
service and its pioneering members, there has been a dearth of information
about a number of fundamental topics. This is designed as an overview and
reference source for some of the neglected areas, spotlighting the period
through May of 1922.

FORMATION OF THE BROADCASTING SERVICE

The formal inauguration of the broadcasting service took place in September of
1921 (1), with the assignment of two wavelengths: 360 meters (833 kiloHertz)
for entertainment, defined as “news, concerts, lectures, and such matter”, and
485 meters (618 kiloHertz) for “crop reports and weather forecasts”. The use
of two different wavelengths reflected the department practice of segregating
different activities on different wavelengths. Individual station
authorizations were issued for either or both of the wavelengths, depending on
the service the station provided. Although broadcasting activities had been
evolving for more than a decade, this allocation was the first to designate
stations stations specifically licensed for, and restricted to, public
broadcasting, using wavelengths exclusively set aside for the broadcasting
service.

The choice of these two wavelengths was apparently ratification of previous
practice. Two stations, operated by the Westinghouse Electric and
Manufacturing Company, already held licenses authorizing radiophone operation
on 360 meters: KDKA, East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which received its initial
license October 27, 1920 and began daily transmissions with election returns on
November 2, 1920, and WJZ, Newark, New Jersey, which received its initial
authorization in May of 1921, but did not begin regular broadcasts until the
first of October. (3) Westinghouse officials had specifically requested the
use of 360 meters to avoid interference from other services, (4) and the
wavelength apparently had never been previously used. (5)

The status of the other broadcasting wavelength, 485 meters, prior to its
assignment to the broadcasting service, is less clear. However, an
experimental station, 5XD, operated by the New Mexico State College in State
College, New Mexico, is reported to have used it for transmitting telegraphic
“time signals, weather reports, and news items”, and then, beginning in early
1920, for voice transmissions including music and educational talks. (6)

LICENSING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

At the time of the creation of the broadcasting service, licensing was
conducted under the provisions of the Radio Act of 1912. Although the standard
since the 1927 formation of the Federal Radio Commission has been that stations
serve the “public convenience, interest, or necessity”, (7), no comparable
guideline was mandated by the 1912 act, and licensing of the pioneer broadcast
service stations amounted to little more than registration. Licensing
authority at the time of the creation of the broadcasting service was vested in
the Secretary of Commerce, and exercised through the Bureau of Navigation.
This body operated on a much more informal basis than successor regulators.
Moreover, control was much more decentralized, with oversight, performed
primarily by regional Radio Inspectors, generally limited to insuring that
stations met technical standards. (8)

The standard procedure for procuring a broadcast license in the early twenties
was as follows: the prospective station operator filled out an “Applicant’s
Description of Apparatus” (Form 761), obtained from the region’s Radio
Inspector.(9) The completed form, which provided mostly technical information,
was submitted to the inspector, who, if deemed necessary, inspected the
proposed apparatus. Next the form, including the inspection report plus a
recommendation on the type of authorization to be issused, was forwarded to the
Commissioner of Navigation in Washington, D.C. (10)

Here two distinct steps were taken: first call letters were assigned to the
application, then, if everything was in order, a formal operating authorization
was issued. The period between the assignment of call letters and formal
authorization ranged from immediate action to as much as forty days, and
according to Commerce records was usually in the range of one to three days.

The assignment of a call sign, usually recorded in the files as taking place
when the Form 761 was received, was not considered as establishing a station.
New stations were not reported in the RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN until the first
operating authorization–usually a license but in a few cases a preliminary
telephoned or telegraphed authorization–was issued. (11)

License periods for broadcasting stations ranged from as few as ten days (12)
to one year, with one year licenses the norm for grants made until early
January, 1922, six months the standard during mid-January, 1922, and three
months the norm thereafter. License renewal was obtained via the submission of
an updated Form 761 at the required intervals.

The above covers the standard and normally used procedures, although Commerce
files report the process was speeded in a few special cases by direct letters,
telegrams, and telephone conversations between applicants and Washington
officials.

STATION DELETIONS

Station deletions in the early twenties were performed with even less formality
and consistency than licensing. When a station discontinued broadcasting
before the end of a license period, the station operator could return the
license for cancellation. However, it appears that in most cases the station
owners didn’t bother–instead they just let the licenses expire in due course.
Moreover, the lapse of a station license was seen as no more the the close of
an operating authorization, and rarely resulted in immediate deletion from the
official station lists. Generally a grace period was allowed, on the
assumption that many would eventually received another license.

The timespan between the expiration of a license and formal deletion varied
greatly, and according to Commerce files most stations were not removed from
the published lists until one to six months after their operating licenses had
lapsed. The whole process has a distinct “we’ll delete them when we get around
to it” feel, and appears to have been to some degree dependent on the diligence
of the district Radio Inspectors.(13) Because of the flexible deletion
practices, the number of stations deleted in a given month is by no means a
precise barometer of the decline in activity for that month, as the licenses
for many of these stations had in fact expired a number of weeks or months
previously. Likewise, official lists of this period invariably include
stations no longer holding active licenses, and merely awaiting formal removal.

TEMPORARY STATIONS

One category of broadcasting stations has been almost completely
undocumented–that of temporary grants. These were issued for special
occasions, usually lasting a month or less, and were not reported in the RADIO
SERVICE BULLETIN. There is very little detailed information about these grants
recorded in the Commerce files, although at least seventy were issued in the
period from January, 1922 to October, 1928. For temporary grants made through
May, 1922, where wavelength information is recorded, the wavelength assigned
was always 360 meters.(14) Detailed histories for five temporary stations
operated by educational organizations can be found in EDUCATION’S OWN
STATIONS.(15)

Listed below are the fifteen stations listed in Commerce files as receiving
temporary grants for the period through the end of May, 1922. Commerce records
for these stations are minimal, and as there is apparent source of additional
information, save for those stations documented in EDUCATION’S OWN STATIONS,
there can be no guarantee of completeness.

TEMPORARY BROADCAST STATION GRANTS THROUGH MAY, 1922
—————————————————-
1st Air Call
date Assign Call Location Grantee/notes
——- —— —- ——– ————-
1/– 1/20 WPU Buffalo, NY Buffalo Courier and Enquirer
2/– 2/2 KDP Seattle, WA Saint James Cathedral
2/23 2/22 WHO Kansas City, MO Kansas City Post (2 days)
3/– 3/1 WWS Pella, IA Fowler Telephone Company
3/10 3/– WBI Marquette, MI Northern State Normal School
(2 days)
3/16 3/6 WTB Evansville, IN Sieffert Electric Company
3/– 3/10 WSH New York, NY Experiment Information
Service (2 days)
3/23 3/20 WMX Port Huron, MI Port Huron Times Herald
(also for 3/27/22)
3/27 3/9 WTA Uhrichsville, OH Board of Trade
3/– 3/27 WDS Richmond, VA Mann S. Valentine
4/16 4/15 WAAT Jersey City, NJ Jersey Review (also 4/19/22)
4/16 4/15 WAAU Philadelphia, PA H. C. Kuser
4/28 4/18 WBAC Des Moines, IA Kiwanas Club (2 days, also
for 2 days starting 4/28/23)
5/13 5/5 WCAI Topeka, KS American Legion
5/– 5/31 WEAL Des Moines, IA Mystic Shrine, special train
“to coast and back”

CALL LETTER POLICIES

One area which has been particularly murky is that of call letter policies.
Following the adoption of the “Radio Act of 1912”, call signs for most
non-amateur services were composed of three letters.(16) Because most early
commercial land stations were clustered along the coast, the original policy
for land stations was that those on the Pacific coast were normally assigned
calls starting with K, while calls starting with W were normally assigned to
outlets along the Great Lakes and the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.(17)

With the development of inland services, further refinements were required. As
land stations, broadcasters have generally followed the “K’s in the West, W’s
in the East” standard. However, two different East-West dividing lines have
been used. Originally the boundary ran along the eastern borders of Montana,
Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico. It was only in late January, 1923 that the
line was shifted to the current standard of the Mississippi River.

The rapid expansion of the ship service during World War One required
utilization of four-letter calls for ship stations, including, in alphabetical
order, calls from the KE–, KI–, KO–, KU–, and, starting June, 1920, KD–
blocks. (Land stations continued to generally receive three-letter calls.) The
assignment of the conspicuous call KDKA to the pioneer East Pittsburgh
broadcaster has been viewed as evidence of some sort of special status.
However, review of the RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN shows what actually occurred was
more mundane. For some reason, during the period of June, 1920 through April,
1921 most commercial land stations received calls from the four letter ship
blocks, and by nothing more significant than coincidence KDKA was the only
broadcaster to be born in this period.(18)

The policy of three-letter calls for land stations was restored after this
lapse, until the flood of broadcasting grants required that the broadcasting
service switch to four-letter calls, with Western broadcasting stations sharing
the KD–, and later KF– and KG– blocks with ship stations, while Eastern
broadcasters were assigned calls from the W-A-, and later W-B-, blocks. Some
stations received calls outside these blocks due to special requests, and
eventually individual call requests became the norm.

Call letter “combinations which, for various reasons, international, national,
local, or individual may be objectionable” (19) were avoided. Accordingly, in
this period it was apparently decided that “WDAM” might be considered
objectionable, as Commerce records show that the assignment of this particular
call to a Western Electric Company station in New York City was changed after
ten days, with the call WEAF substituted. (This station is now WNBC.)

CRITIQUE OF PERIOD SOURCES

While preparing the chronological list of station activity some idiosyncracies
of three traditional sources of licensing information became apparent. The
best generally available source of information for the early twenties is the
RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN, issued by the Bureau of Navigation, which reported
monthly the changes, deletions, and new station grants made during the
preceding month. Three important characteristics of the Bulletin have
sometimes been overlooked. The first is that its station lists do not report
chronologically the grants within a given month, as the Bulletin lists always
used non-chronological formats, such as alphabetically by city of license or
call sign. Second, a few stations entered the broadcasting service
classification by metamorphosis from another service category, so their debuts
are recorded in the “alterations and corrections” lists, rather than the new
station lists which herald the appearance of more conventional entrants to the
service. This alternate route was used by three stations in the period through
May, 1922: KQV, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; KDPT, San Diego, California; and
WRR, Dallas, Texas. Third, broadcasting station additions, changes, and
deletions were not reported in a separate category until the July 1, 1922
issue. Prior to this date they were intermixed with the other classes of
“commercial land stations”, so care must be taken in extracting broadcast
service information.

The Bulletin was not completely free from occasional typographical errors–for
example, in the January 2, 1922 issue both KJB, Everett, Washington and KFL,
Seattle, Washington are incorrectly listed as being broadcast grants, and one
station, WGI (later WARC), Medford Hillside, Massachusetts, seems to have
disappeared without benefit of official notification. However, overall there
were only a few minor discrepancies betweeen information contained in the
Bulletin, and that found in government records.

Another source of licensing information proved somewhat more suspect. W. E.
Downey, Supervisor of Radio at the Department of Commerce, appears to have
regularly provided monthly totals of broadcasting station additions, deletions,
and outstanding authorizations.(20) As seen in the listing below there are a
number of discrepancies, for the period through May, 1922, between the monthly
figures reported by Downey, and the information contained in Commerce records
and the RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN.(21)

W.E Downey Figures Research Figures
—————— —————–
Month New Deleted Increase Total New Deleted Increase Total
—– ————————– ————————–
1921
Sept 3 .. 3 3 4* .. 4 4
Oct 1 .. 1 4 3 .. 3 7
Nov 1 .. 1 5 2** .. 2 9
Dec 23 .. 23 28 20 . 20 29

1922
Jan 8 .. 8 36 9 .. 9 38
Feb 24 .. 24 60 23 .. 23 61
Mar 77 .. 77 137 79 2 77 138
Apr 76 .. 76 213 83 .. 83 221
May 97 .. 97 310 96 5 91 312

* includes WJZ ** includes KDKA

The most troubling feature about the Downey figures is the complete absence of
deletions. In fact, Downey reports no deletions until September of 1922.
However, review of the Commerce records and the RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN clearly
shows that fifteen stations were deleted prior to September, beginning with two
in March. Since the Downey figures do not list specific stations, the cause of
the differences is not readily apparent.

Finally, the new station totals appearing in Gleason Archer’s HISTORY OF RADIO
TO 1926 (22) have a readily identifiable flaw. Archer’s figures are inflated,
because they are actually the number of new “commercial land stations” reported
monthly by the RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN. As noted earlier, this means the
figures erroneously include many non-broadcast service grants, and also omit a
few transfers to the broadcast service that were reported in the change lists.

BROADCAST SERVICE ACTIVITY LIST

Presented at the close is a chronological list of broadcasting service activity
for all non-temporary stations from October, 1920 to the close of May, 1922.

Most of the actions are new station grants. The information for new grants is
organized according to the headers appearing at the top of each page. The
additions are listed by their initial broadcasting service authorization
date–normally the date of the first broadcast service license. “LIC” refers
to the standard case where the first broadcast authorization was the licensing
of a new station. “TRN” denotes stations whose first broadcast license was a
transfer from a non-broadcast service classification, using the same call sign.
“REL” refers to the relicensing of a previously deleted broadcast station. In
a few cases an authorization to broadcast was made before the first license was
issued. Initial authorizations by telephone and telegraph are denoted “TP” and
“TG” respectively. “STA” stands for a “Special Temporary Authorization”, while
“AUT” appears for one station where the records merely list it as “authorized”.

Included with the initial authorization date is the call sign, city of license,
and station owner, plus frequency assigned. “E” stands for the entertainment
wavelength of 360 meters (833 KiloHertz), and “M” denotes the market and
weather wavelength of 485 meters (618 kiloHertz).

The next column covers the call letter assignment information, which as noted
earlier was a part of the application process, and took place prior to the
issuance of an operating authorization. The three entries here are the date of
the call assignment, the form of the request, and the origin of the request.
In most cases the standard procedure was followed, with the application process
begun with the receipt of a Form 761 from a regional Radio Inspector. The nine
radio inspection districts were headquartered in the following locations:

1. Boston, Massachusetts 6. San Francisco, California
2. New York, New York 7. Seattle, Washington
3. Baltimore, Maryland 8. Detroit, Michigan
4. Savannah, Georgia 9. Chicago, Illinois
5. New Orleans, Louisiana

In addition, a few of the Form 761s came via Norfolk, Virginia.

Most exceptions to the standard procedure occurred when the station owners
(“OWN”) dealt directly with Washington, via telephone (“TP”), telegraph (“TG”),
letter (“LET”), or call letter reservation (“RES”). In one case W. E. Downey
(“WED”) was listed as the person involved in making the call assignment.

The next column notes the date of the first broadcast service license and the
duration of that initial license. The final “status” column lists the eventual
fate of the station–either its deletion date (with call sign if different from
the original) or status as of September 1, 1987.

When only the month of an action is known, usually reflecting data derived from
the RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN, two dashes appear for the day the action took
place. A “(?)” marks a “best guess” required because of incomplete or
ambigious information, which in most cases should not be more than a few days
off. As might be expected, some errors, both in the original records and
during the research process, must be assumed to have crept in. However,
extensive cross-referencing of original records and other source material
should insure that errors have been minimalized. Moreover, it is certain that
these 319 grants comprise the complete roster of non-temporary broadcasting
authorizations issued during this period.

The one entry which must be viewed with due caution is that of current status.
Unlike human beings, which have clearly defined births, lives, and deaths,
these stations sometimes had very complicated histories, complete with
resurrections, call sign and ownership changes, consolidations of two or more
stations under a single call, and facility exchanges. Review of the station
histories in EDUCATION’S OWN STATIONS will give a good idea of the tumultuous
histories some of these stations enjoyed. This caveat nowithstanding, the
status information was included to provide a feel for the outcome of these
stations as a class, even though a few station histories are really too tangled
to allow refinement to a single entry. One general standard for status column
entries was that, in case of doubt, the nod was given to interpretations which
provide continuity and longevity. In particular, stations which were deleted
but then immediately relicensed were treated as having a single unbroken
lifespan, so deletion dates are those where the final unreversed deletion took
place, and stations still active might have been deleted and relicensed
somewhere along the way.

SUMMARY

The information presented will hopefully provide a more complete understanding
of the policies of the period, and permit more detailed analysis of the
development of the broadcast service. For instance, the chronological list of
new broadcast station grants clearly shows the abrupt shift from the slow
initial expansion of the service though November of 1921, with the grand total
of nine grants dominated by notheastern and midwestern radio equipment firms,
to the popular expansion that began in December of 1921, when owners of all
kinds sponsored stations. In fact, this popularization has every appearance of
a rapidly spreading West Coast fad, as fully sixteen of the twenty-two grants
made from December, 1921 to January 4, 1922 were for West Coast facilities.

NOTES ON SOURCES

The original card files for broadcasting stations, maintained by the Commerce
Department, comprised the basic source of station information through the
period up to the March, 1927 assumption of regulatory authority by the Federal
Radio Commission. [NOTE: A major componant of the Commerce files used for
this research no longer exists. The nature of the Ownership card files, which
held licensee and license date data, was apparantly misunderstood, and
according to FCC employee Mary McDonald these files were declared in August,
1987 to be “no longer needed” and destroyed]. Information from that point
forward is included in the Federal Communications Commission station card
files. Both sets of cards are currently available through the Mass Media
Bureau of the Federal Communica- tions Commission, and as of September, 1987
obtainable from the Public Reference Room located on the second floor of 1919 M
Street, Northwest, Washington, D. C.

Information from the basic resources was double-checked against a number of
sources, the most important being the grant, deletion, and cumulative station
lists appearing in the RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN, the original station licenses
and 761 Forms archived at the Washington National Records Center in Suitland,
Maryland, and an undated “List of First Stations Licensed for Broadcasting”
(through March, 1922, with a few omissions), which was prepared by FCC
personnel, but had no additional identification, and was obtained through the
Broadcast Pioneers Library in Washington, D. C.

NOTES:

(1) Gleason L. Archer, HISTORY OF RADIO TO 1926, (New York, NY, American
Historical Society, 1938), p. 215-216

(2) United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Navigation, “Amendments to
Regulations”, RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN (No. 57), January 3, 1922, (Washington,
DC, Government Printing Office, 1922), p. 10

(3) Gleason L. Archer, HISTORY OF RADIO TO 1926, (New York, NY, American
Historical Society, 1938), p. 203, 208, 217

(4) Eric Barnouw, A HISTORY OF BROADCASTING IN THE UNITED STATES, volume 1, A
Tower in Babel (New York, Oxford University Press, 1966), p. 69

(5) KDKA and WJZ did not receive broadcasting service licenses until November
7, 1921 and September 30, 1921 respectively. However, these two stations are
considered for the purposes of this review to mark the start of the broadcast
service, and unless otherwise noted are listed according to their initial 360
meter grants.

(6) S. E. Frost, EDUCATION’S OWN STATIONS, (Chicago, IL, University of
Chicago Press, 1937), p. 246

(7) “The Radio Act of 1927”, section 9, and the “Communications Act of 1934”,
section 307(a)

(8) Eric Barnouw, A HISTORY OF BROADCASTING IN THE UNITED STATES, volume 1, A
Tower in Babel (New York, Oxford University Press, 1966), p. 95

(9) The United States was divided into nine Radio Inspection Districts, with
the region’s Radio Inspector headquartered at a major port of each district.
United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Navigation, “Radio
Broadcasting”, RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN (No. 60), April 1, 1922, (Washington,
DC, Government Printing Office, 1922), p. 23

(10) Form 761 instructions; United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of
Navigation, “Radio Broadcasting”, RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN (No. 60), April 1,
1922, (Washington, DC, Government Printing Office,1922), p. 23; C. Joseph
Pusateri, ENTERPRISE IN RADIO: WWL AND THE BUSINESS OF BROADCASTING,
(Washington, DC, University Press of America, Inc., 1980), p. 18-19, 24-25

(11) United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Navigation, “Land Station
Licenses”, RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN (No. 61), May 1, 1922, (Washington, DC,
Government Printing Office, 1922), p. 15

(12) The initial license for WDT, Ship Owner’s Radio Service in New York, NY,
was for only ten days, as there was concern that the station might cause
interference.

(13) A number of station files refer to a letter from the Radio Inspector as
the impetus for deletion.

(14) The Radio Corporation of America’s temporary grant for WJY, Hoboken, New
Jersey, used to report the Dempsey-Carpentier prize fight on July 2, 1921, is
not considered in this review to be part of the broadcasting service, as it
transmitted on the longwave wavelength of 1600 meters (187 kilohertz).

(15) The five review are: Bancroft School, Haddonfield, NJ (WRAQ); Gardenville
High School, Gardenville, NY (WGHS); Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA (WDBG);
Milton College, Milton, WI (WSAM); and Northern State Normal School, Marquette,
MI, (WBI).

(16) Government stations received calls starting with N, and until October,
1928, when W and K prefixes were added, amateur and special land stations had
calls composed of the district number followed by two or three letters.

(17) United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Navigation, RADIO STATIONS
OF THE UNITED STATES, July 1, 1914, (Washington, DC, Government Printing
Office, 1914), p. 6

(18) Two non-broadcast service stations first licensed during this period,
KDPM, Cleveland, OH, and KDPT, San Diego, CA, later transfered to the broadcast
service. Both were eventually deleted.

(19) United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Navigation, RADIO STATIONS
OF THE UNITED STATES, July 1, 1914, (Washington, DC, Government Printing
Office, 1914), p. 8

(20) Hiram L. Jome, ECONOMICS OF THE RADIO INDUSTRY, (Chicago, A. V. Shaw
Company, 1925), p. 78 (through August, 1924), and “The Broadcast Hotel is
Overcrowded”, Radio in the Home, April, 1925, (H. M. Neely Publishing
Company, Philadelphia, PA, 1925), p. 28 (through February 12, 1925)

(21) The research information is based on the list of broadcast service
activity appearing at the close. This information agrees fully with that
appearing in the RADIO SERVICE BULLETIN, with the exception of three
stations–KFI, KOJ, and WBAZ–listed by the Bulletin as being April grants.
These stations are recorded in Commerce files with license dates of March 31st
for KFI, and May 1st for KOJ and WBAZ.

(22) Gleason L. Archer, HISTORY OF RADIO TO 1926, (New York, NY, American
Historical Society, 1938), p. 241 (Monthly grant totals for August, 1921 to
May, 1922)

==============================================================================

BROADCAST PIONEERS: STATION ACTIVITY LIST THROUGH MAY 31, 1922 Thomas H.
White Chronoligical list of the first 319 Broadcast Service authorizations,
including changes and deletions, for the period through May 31, 1922.
Companion to the review of policies and procedures in PION1. Includes current
status of surviving stations.

Add#|1st Auth|Call|Location |Call Asgn|First Lic|
—————————————————————————
Type|Owner |Freq|Type|Loc |Duration |Status 9/1/87
===========================================================================

1 10/27/20 KDKA East Pittsburgh, PA 10/22/20 11/07/21 KDKA-1020
LIC Westinghouse Elec & Mfg Co E 761 DET 1YR Pittsburgh, PA

2 05/–/21 WJZ Newark, NJ –/–/– 09/30/21 WABC-770
LIC Westinghouse Elec & Mfg Co E — — — New York, NY

3 09/15/21 WBZ Springfield, MA –/–/– 09/15/22 WBZ-1030
LIC Westinghouse Elec & Mfg Co E — — 3M Boston, MA

4 09/19/21 WDY Roselle Park, NJ 09/16/21 09/19/21 DEL 02/20/23
LIC Radio Corporation of America E 761 NYC 3M

5 09/29/21 WCJ New Haven, CT 09/23/21 09/29/21 DEL 12/01/22
LIC A. C. Gilbert Company E 761 BOS 1YR

6 10/13/21 KQL Los Angeles, CA –/–/– 10/13/21 DEL 06/09/22
LIC Arno A. Kluge E — — 1YR

7 10/13/21 WBL Detroit, MI 10/06/21 10/13/21 WWJ-950
LIC Detroit News EM 761 DET 1YR Detroit, MI

8 10/13/21 WJX New York, NY 10/05/21 10/13/21 DEL 06/–/24
LIC De Forest Radio Telep & Teleg E 761 NYC —

9 11/09/21 KYW Chicago, IL 11/09/21 11/15/21 KYW-1060
?TP Westinghouse Elec & Mfg Co E TP CHI 1YR Philadelphia, PA

10 12/07/21 KWG Stockton, CA 12/07/21 12/07/21 KWG-1230
LIC Portable Wireless Telephone Co E 761 SF 1YR Stockton, CA

11 12/08/21 KDN San Francisco, CA 12/03/21 12/08/21 DEL 05/01/23
LIC Leo J. Meyberg Company E 761 SF 1YR

12 12/08/21 KFC Seattle, WA 12/03/21 12/08/21 DEL 01/23/23
LIC Northern Radio & Elec Company E 761 SEA 1YR

13 12/08/21 KGB San Francisco, CA –/–/– 12/08/21 DEL 03/23/22
LIC Edwin L. Lorden E — — 1YR

14 12/08/21 KGC Hollywood, CA –/–/– 12/08/21 KNX-1070
LIC Electric Lighting Supply Co E — — 1YR Los Angeles, CA

15 12/08/21 WJH Washington, DC 12/03/21 12/08/21 DEL 03/26/24
LIC White & Boyer Company E 761 BAL 1YR

16 12/09/21 KQW San Jose, CA 12/07/21 12/09/21 KCBS-740
LIC Charles D. Herrold E 761 SF 1YR San Francisco, CA

17 12/09/21 KVQ Sacramento, CA 12/07/21 12/09/21 DEL 01/02/23
LIC J. C. Hobrecht E 761 SF 1YR

18 12/09/21 KYJ Los Angeles, CA 12/07/21 12/09/21 DEL 05/01/23
LIC Leo J. Meyberg Company E 761 SF 1YR

19 12/09/21 KZC Los Angeles, CA 12/07/21 12/09/21 DEL 03/09/23 (KOG)
LIC Western Radio Electric Company E 761 SF 1YR

20 12/09/21 KZM Oakland, CA 12/07/21 12/09/21 DEL 06/23/31
LIC Preston D. Allen E 761 SF 1YR

21 12/09/21 KZY Oakland, CA 12/07/21 12/09/21 DEL 01/24/23
LIC Atlantic-Pacific Radio Suppl E 761 SF 1YR

22 12/20/21 KJJ Sunnyvale, CA 12/16/21 12/20/21 DEL 06/16/23
LIC The Radio Shop E 761 SF 1YR

23 12/20/21 KJQ Stockton, CA 12/16/21 12/20/21 DEL 04/–/25 (?)
LIC C. O. Gould E 761 SF 1YR

24 12/20/21 KYY San Francisco, CA 12/16/21 12/20/21 DEL 01/24/23
LIC The Radio Telephone Shop E 761 SF 1YR

25 12/22/21 WDM Washington, DC 12/22/21 12/22/21 DEL 06/08/25
LIC Church of the Covenant E 761 BAL 30D

26 12/22/21 WDT New York, NY 12/22/21 12/22/21 DEL 12/28/23
LIC Ship Owners Radio Service E 761 NYC 10D

27 12/22/21 WDW Washington, DC 12/22/21 12/22/21 DEL 05/–/22
LIC Radio Construction & Elec Co E 761 — 30D

28 12/29/21 WOU Omaha, NE 12/29/21 12/29/21 DEL 06/23/23
LIC R. B. Howell EM 761 — 1YR

29 12/30/21 WMH Cincinnati, OH 12/29/21 12/30/21 DEL 12/11/23
LIC Precision Equipment Company EM 761 DET 1YR

30 01/04/22 KLB Pasadena, CA 01/03/22 01/04/22 DEL 04/25/23
LIC J. J. Dunn & Company E 761 SF 1YR

31 01/04/22 KLP Los Altos, CA 01/03/22 01/04/22 DEL 03/09/23
LIC Colin B. Kennedy Company E 761 SF 1YR

32 01/09/22 KQV Pittsburgh, PA –/–/– 01/09/22 KQV-1410
TRN Doubleday-Hill Electric Co E — — — Pittsburgh, PA

33 01/10/22 WPB Pittsburgh, PA 01/10/22 01/10/22 DEL 05/05/22
LIC Newspaper Printing Company E 761 — 6M

34 01/13/22 WHA Madison, WI –/–/– 01/13/22 WHA-970
LIC University of Wisconsin EM — — 6M Madison, WI

35 01/13/22 WLB Minneapolis, MN –/–/– 01/13/22 KUOM-770
LIC University of Minnesota EM — — 6M Minneapolis, MN

36 01/18/22 WNO Jersey City, NJ 01/18/22 01/18/22 DEL 03/–/23 (?)
LIC Wireless Telephone-Hudson Cnty E 761 NYC 6M

37 01/26/22 WDZ Toledo, OH –/–/– 01/26/22 DEL 01/02/23(WBAJ)
LIC Marshall-Gerken Company EM — — 3M

38 01/26/22 WLK Indianapolis, IN 01/18/22 01/26/22 DEL 06/01/23
LIC Hamilton Manufacturing Company E 761 CHI 3M

02/02/22 Change KZC [19] Los Angeles, CA
CALL: KOG

39 02/03/22 WGH Montgomery, AL 02/01/22 02/03/22 DEL 06/05/22
LIC Montgomery Light & Power Co EM 761 NO 3M

40 02/04/22 WGY Schenectady, NY 02/03/22 02/04/22 WGY-810
LIC General Electric Company E 761 NYC 3M Schenectady, NY

41 02/07/22 WGI Medford Hillside, MA 02/01/22 02/07/22 DEL 04/–/27 (?)
LIC American Radio Research Corp E 761 BOS 3M WARC

42 02/08/22 KGF Pomona, CA 02/01/22 02/08/22 DEL 12/06/22
LIC Pomona Fixture & Wiring Co E 761 SF 3M

43 02/08/22 WGL Philadelphia, PA 02/01/22 02/08/22 DEL 12/31/24
LIC Thomas F. J. Howlett E 761 BAL 3M

44 02/13/22 KUO San Francisco, CA 02/14/22 02/13/22 DEL 01/21/26
LIC Examiner Printing Company E 761 SF 30D

45 02/16/22 WOK Pine Bluff, AR 02/15/22 02/16/22 DEL 06/–/24
LIC Pine Bluff Company E ASN — 3M

46 02/16/22 WOZ Richmond, IN 02/16/22 02/16/22 DEL 04/09/23
LIC Palladium Printing Company EM LET OWN 3M

47 02/17/22 WOQ Kansas City, MO 02/16/22 02/17/22 DEL 06/14/34
LIC Western Radio Company EM 761 CHI 3M

48 02/18/22 WOC Rock Island, IL 02/18/22 02/18/22 WOC-1420
LIC Karlowa Radio Company EM 761 — 3M Davenport, IA

49 02/20/22 WOH Indianapolis, IN 02/18/22 02/20/22 DEL 02/14/23
LIC Hatfield Electric Company E 761 CHI 3M

50 02/20/22 WOR Newark, NJ 02/17/22 02/20/22 WOR-710
LIC L. Bamberger & Company E 761 NYC 3M New York, NY

51 02/21/22 WBU Chicago, IL 02/09/22 02/21/22 DEL 11/07/23
LIC City of Chicago E 761 CHI 3M

52 02/21/22 WHK Cleveland, OH 02/20/22 02/21/22 WHK-1420
LIC Warren R. Cox E 761 DET 3M Cleveland, OH

53 02/23/22 WOS Jefferson City, MO 02/20/22 02/23/22 DEL 03/27/36
LIC Missouri State Marketing Bur M 761 CHI 3M

54 02/24/22 WFO Dayton, OH 02/24/22 02/24/22 DEL 11/28/22
LIC Rike-Kumler Company EM 761 DET 3M

55 02/24/22 WHQ Rochester, NY 02/17/22 02/24/22 DEL 10/02/22
LIC Rochester Times Union EM 761 DET 3M

56 02/24/22 WHW East Lansing, MI 02/24/22 02/24/22 DEL 01/16/23
LIC Stuart Seeley (US Wx Bureau) M 761 DET 3M

57 02/24/22 WRK Hamilton, OH 02/24/22 02/24/22 DEL 09/29/30
LIC Doron Brothers Electric Co E 761 DET 3M

58 02/28/22 KFU Gridley, CA 02/25/22 02/28/22 DEL 07/22/22
LIC The Precision Shop E 761 — 3M

59 02/28/22 KHQ Seattle, WA –/–/– 02/28/22 KAQQ-590
LIC Louis Wasmer E — — 3M Spokane, WA

60 02/28/22 WHU Toledo, OH 02/25/22 02/28/22 DEL 10/27/22
LIC William B. Duck Company E 761 OWN 3M

61 02/28/22 WJK Toledo, OH 02/28/22 02/28/22 DEL 02/01/23
LIC Service Radio Equipment Co E 761 DET 3M

03/–/22 Change KDN [11] San Francisco, CA
FREQ: EM

03/–/22 Change KYJ [18] Los Angeles, CA
FREQ: EM

03/–/22 Change KYW [9] Chicago, IL
FREQ: EM

03/–/22 Change WOU [28] Omaha, NE
OWNER: Metropolitan Utilities Dist

62 03/02/22 WLW Cincinnati, OH 03/02/22 03/02/22 WLW-700
LIC Crosley Manufacturing Company E 761 DET 3M Cincinnati, OH

63 03/02/22 WRL Schenectady, NY 03/02/22 03/02/22 DEL 02/–/25
LIC Union College E 761 NYC 3M

03/03/22 Change WBL [7] Detroit, MI
CALL: WWJ

64 03/09/22 KJR Seattle, WA 03/06/22 03/09/22 KJR-950
LIC Vincent I. Kraft EM 761 SEA 3M Seattle, WA

65 03/10/22 KJS Los Angeles, CA 03/06/22 03/10/22 KFAC-1330
LIC Bible Institute of Los Angeles E 761 SF 3M Los Angeles, CA

66 03/10/22 KLS Oakland, CA 03/06/22 03/10/22 KDIA-1310
LIC Warner Brothers E 761 SF 3M Oakland, CA

67 03/10/22 KLZ Denver, CO 03/06/22 03/10/22 KLZ-560
LIC Reynolds Radio Company EM 761 CHI 3M Denver, CO

68 03/11/22 KRE Berkeley, CA 03/11/22 03/11/22 KBLX-1400
LIC Maxwell Electric Company E 761 SF 3M Berkeley, CA

69 03/11/22 KSL San Francisco, CA 03/11/22 03/11/22 DEL 06/16/23
LIC The Emporium E 761 SF 3M

70 03/11/22 WBS Newark, NJ 03/11/22 03/11/22 DEL 07/18/62(WHBI)
LIC D. W. May E 761 NYC 3M

71 03/13/22 WRR Dallas, TX –/–/– 03/13/22 KAAM-1310
TRN City of Dallas EM — — 3M Dallas, TX

72 03/14/22 KGU Honolulu, HI 03/11/22 03/14/22 KGU-760
LIC Marion A. Mulrony E 761 SF 3M Honolulu, HI

73 03/14/22 KSD Saint Louis, MO 03/07/22 03/14/22 KUSA-550
LIC Post Dispatch E TG OWN 3M Saint Louis, MO

74 03/14/22 WGF Des Moines, IA 03/14/22 03/14/22 DEL 09/29/23
LIC The Register & Tribune E TG OWN 3M

75 03/14/22 WGR Buffalo, NY 03/11/22 03/14/22 WGR-550
LIC Federal Telephone & Telegraph EM 761 DET 3M Buffalo, NY

76 03/14/22 WIK McKeesport, PA 03/14/22 03/14/22 DEL 03/09/25
LIC K & L Electric Company E 761 DET 3M

77 03/14/22 WIL Washington, DC 03/14/22 03/14/22 DEL 09/13/24
LIC Continental Electrical Supply E 761 BAL 3M

78 03/14/22 WPM Washington, DC 03/06/22 03/14/22 DEL 05/10/23
LIC Thomas J. Williams E — WED 3M

79 03/14/22 WRW Tarrytown, NY 03/11/22 03/14/22 DEL 07/31/26
LIC Tarrytown Radio Research Lab E 761 NYC 3M

80 03/15/22 KGG Portland, OR 03/14/22 03/15/22 DEL 11/25/24
LIC Hallock & Watson Radio Service E 761 SEA 3M

81 03/15/22 KGO Altadena, CA 03/11/22 03/15/22 DEL 08/21/23
LIC Altadena Radio Laboratory E 761 SF 3M

82 03/15/22 WGM Atlanta, GA 03/15/22 03/15/22 DEL 08/28/23
? Atlanta Constitution EM 761 — —

83 03/15/22 WSB Atlanta, GA 03/15/22 04/11/22 WSB-750
TG Atlanta Journal EM TG OWN 3M Atlanta, GA

84 03/16/22 KDPT San Diego, CA 03/01/22 03/16/22 DEL 03/19/25
TRN Southern Electrical Company E 761 SF —

85 03/16/22 WHD Morgantown, WV 03/11/22 03/16/22 DEL 11/19/23
LIC West Virginia University E 761 DET 3M

86 03/16/22 WKY Oklahoma City, OK 03/06/22 03/16/22 WKY-930
LIC Oklahoma Radio Shop EM 761 NO 3M Oklahoma City, OK

87 03/16/22 WPA Fort Worth, TX 03/16/22 03/16/22 DEL 05/24/23
LIC Fort Worth Record E 761 NO 3M

88 03/16/22 WSL Utica, NY 03/11/22 03/16/22 DEL 04/29/25
LIC J & M Electric Company E 761 DET 3M

89 03/18/22 KHJ Los Angeles, CA 03/18/22 03/18/22 KRTH-930
LIC C. R. Kierulff & Company E 761 SF 3M Los Angeles, CA

90 03/18/22 KOP Detroit, MI 03/17/22 03/18/22 DEL 11/28/25
LIC Detroit Police Department E 761 DET 3M

91 03/18/22 WBT Charlotte, NC 03/17/22 03/18/22 WBT-1110
LIC Southern Radio Corporation E 761 BAL 3M Charlotte, NC

92 03/18/22 WFI Philadelphia, PA 03/16/22 03/18/22 WFIL-560
LIC Strawbridge & Clothier E 761 — 3M Philadelphia, PA

93 03/18/22 WHN Ridgewood, NY 03/17/22 03/18/22 WFAN-1050
LIC Ridgewood Times Printing & Pub E 761 NYC 3M New York, NY

94 03/18/22 WOO Philadelphia, PA 03/17/22 03/18/22 DEL 02/20/29
LIC John Wanamaker E 761 BAL 3M

03/20/22 Delete WDZ [37] Toledo, OH

95 03/20/22 KOA Denver, CO 03/17/22 03/20/22 DEL 06/23/23
LIC Young Men’s Christian Assoc M 761 CHI 3M

96 03/20/22 WIP Philadelphia, PA 03/16/22 03/20/22 WIP-610
LIC Gimbel Brothers E 761 — 3M Philadelphia, PA

97 03/21/22 KGW Portland, OR 03/20/22 03/21/22 KGW-620
LIC Oregonian Publishing Company E 761 SEA 3M Portland, OR

98 03/21/22 WCN Worcester, MA 03/17/22 03/21/22 DEL 06/25/23
LIC Clark University EM 761 BOS 3M

99 03/21/22 WGV New Orleans, LA 03/17/22 03/21/22 DEL 06/–/24
LIC Interstate Electric Company E 761 NO 3M

100 03/21/22 WJT Erie, PA 03/21/22 03/21/22 DEL 10/21/22
LIC Electric Equipment Company E 761 DET 3M

101 03/21/22 WRP Camden, NJ 03/21/22 03/21/22 DEL 08/20/23
LIC Federal Inst Radio Telegraphy E 761 BAL 3M

102 03/21/22 WSX Erie, PA 03/21/22 03/21/22 DEL 01/26/23
LIC Erie Radio Company E 761 DET 3M

103 03/22/22 WCM Austin, TX 03/17/22 03/22/22 KTRH-740
LIC University of Texas EM 761 NO 3M Houston, TX

03/23/22 Delete KGB [13] San Francisco, CA

104 03/23/22 KFZ Spokane, WA 03/22/22 03/23/22 DEL 09/08/23
LIC Doerr-Mitchell Electric Co E 761 SEA 3M

105 03/23/22 KMJ Fresno, CA 03/23/22 03/23/22 KMJ-580
LIC San Joaquin Light & Power Corp E 761 SF 3M Fresno, CA

106 03/23/22 KQT Yakima, WA 03/22/22 03/23/22 DEL 10/06/22
LIC Electric Power & Appliance Co E 761 SEA 3M

107 03/23/22 WEV Houston, TX 03/17/22 03/23/22 DEL 01/10/25
LIC Hurlburt-Still Electrical Co EM 761 NO 3M

108 03/23/22 WEW Saint Louis, MO 03/17/22 03/23/22 WEW-770
LIC Saint Louis University M 761 CHI 3M Saint Louis, MO

109 03/23/22 WEY Wichita, KS 03/17/22 03/23/22 DEL 06/23/23
LIC Cosradio Company EM 761 CHI 3M

110 03/23/22 WKC Baltimore, MD 03/22/22 03/23/23 DEL 11/24/23
LIC Joseph M. Zamoiski Company E 761 BAL 3M

111 03/23/22 WKN Memphis, TN 03/22/22 03/23/22 DEL 06/11/23
LIC Riechman-Crosby Company EM 761 NO 3M

112 03/23/22 WMU Washington, DC 03/22/22 03/23/22 DEL 10/–/25 (?)
LIC Doubleday-Hill Electric Co E 761 BAL 3M

113 03/24/22 WWZ New York, NY 03/24/22 04/17/22 DEL 11/05/23
?TG John Wanamaker E — — 3M

114 03/25/22 KFV Yakima, WA 03/24/22 03/25/22 DEL 05/05/23
LIC Foster-Bradbury Radio Store E 761 SEA 3M

115 03/25/22 WWI Dearborn, MI 03/24/22 03/25/22 DEL 04/24/26
LIC Ford Motor Company E 761 DET 3M

116 03/25/22 WWT Buffalo, NY 03/25/22 03/25/22 DEL 10/02/22
LIC McCarthy Brothers & Ford E 761 DET 3M

117 03/27/22 WMC Youngstown, OH 03/24/22 03/27/22 DEL 12/19/22
LIC Columbia Radio Company E 761 DET 3M

118 03/27/22 WNJ Albany, NY 03/24/22 03/27/22 DEL 06/–/24
LIC Shotton Radio Manufacturing Co E 761 NYC 3M

119 03/27/22 WPG New Lebanon, OH 03/24/22 03/27/22 DEL 02/19/24
LIC Nushawg Poultry Farm E 761 DET 3M

120 03/27/22 WWB Canton, OH 03/24/22 03/27/22 DEL 11/19/23
LIC Daily News Printing Company E 761 DET 3M

121 03/28/22 KYG Portland, OR 03/28/22 03/28/22 DEL 10/13/22
LIC Willard P. Hawley Junior E 761 SEA 3M

122 03/28/22 WAH El Dorado, KS 03/27/22 03/28/22 DEL 03/06/23
LIC Midland Refining Company M 761 CHI 3M

123 03/28/22 WHX Des Moines, IA –/–/– –/–/– DEL 05/–/22
TG Iowa Radio Corporation E — — —

124 03/28/22 WPO Memphis, TN 03/24/22 03/28/22 DEL 06/12/23
LIC United Equipment Company E 761 NO 3M

125 03/28/22 WRM Urbana, IL 03/24/22 03/28/22 WILL-580
LIC University of Illinois E 761 CHI 3M Urbana, IL

126 03/28/22 WSV Little Rock, AR 03/24/22 03/28/22 DEL 11/06/22
LIC L M Hunter & G L Carrington E 761 NO 3M

127 03/29/22 WEH Tulsa, OK 03/29/22 –/–/– DEL 06/12/23
? Midland Refining Company M 761 NO —

128 03/29/22 WGU Chicago, IL 03/29/22 03/29/22 WMAQ-670
LIC The Fair E 761 CHI 3M Chicago, IL

129 03/29/22 WSY Birmingham, AL 03/24/22 03/29/22 DEL 10/30/24
LIC Alabama Power Company E 761 NO 3M

130 03/29/22 WTK Paris, TX 03/24/22 03/29/22 DEL 11/20/22
LIC Paris Radio Electric Company E 761 DET 3M

131 03/30/22 KGY Lacey, WA 03/24/22 03/30/22 KGY-1240
LIC Saint Martin’s Coll (Rev Ruth) E 761 SEA 3M Olympia, WA

132 03/30/22 KMO Tacoma, WA 03/24/22 03/30/22 KKMO-1360
LIC Love Electric Company E 761 SEA 3M Tacoma, WA

133 03/30/22 KQY Portland, OR 03/29/22 03/30/22 DEL 05/03/23
LIC Stubbs Electric Company E 761 SEA 3M

134 03/30/22 WDV Omaha, NE 03/30/22 03/30/22 DEL 02/07/23
LIC John O. Yeiser Junior E 761 CHI 3M

135 03/30/22 WTP Bay City, MI 03/24/22 03/30/22 DEL 07/20/23
LIC George M. McBride E 761 DET 3M

136 03/31/22 KFI Los Angeles, CA –/–/– 03/31/22 KFI-640
LIC Earle C. Anthony E TG OWN — Los Angeles, CA

137 03/31/22 KGN Portland, OR 03/24/22 03/31/22 DEL 06/–/24 (?)
LIC Northwestern Radio Mfg Company E 761 SEA 3M

138 03/31/22 KLN Monterey, CA 03/24/22 03/31/22 DEL 11/30/23
LIC Noggle Electric Works E 761 SF 3M

139 03/31/22 KMC Reedley, CA 03/24/22 03/31/22 DEL 09/01/23
LIC Lindsay-Weatherill & Company E 761 SF 3M

140 03/31/22 WWL New Orleans, LA 03/31/22 03/31/22 WWL-870
LIC Loyola University E 761 NO 3M New Orleans, LA

04/–/22 Change WAH [122] El Dorado, KS
FREQ: EM

04/–/22 Change WBT [91] Charlotte, NC
FREQ: EM

04/–/22 Change WLK [38] Indianapolis, IN
FREQ: EM

04/–/22 Change WOC [48] Rock Island, IL
LOC: Davenport, IA OWNER: Palmer School of Chiropractic

04/–/22 Change WPA [87] Fort Worth, TX
FREQ: EM

141 04/03/22 WCK Saint Louis, MO 04/03/22 04/03/22 DEL 11/30/28(WSBF)
LIC Stix-Baer-Fuller E 761 CHI 3M

142 04/05/22 KHD Colorado Springs, CO 04/04/22 04/05/22 DEL 03/20/23
LIC C F Aldrich Marble & Granite M 761 CHI 3M

143 04/05/22 KNJ Roswell, NM 04/04/22 04/05/22 DEL 11/26/23
LIC Roswell Public Service Company E 761 NO 3M

144 04/05/22 KOB State College, NM 04/04/22 04/05/22 KKOB-770
LIC New Mexico College EM 761 NO 3M Albuquerque, NM

145 04/05/22 WBAA West Lafayette, IN 04/04/22 04/05/22 WBAA-920
LIC Purdue University E 761 CHI 3M West Lafayette, IN

146 04/05/22 WBL Anthony, KS 04/04/22 04/05/22 DEL 12/15/24
LIC T & H Radio Company E 761 CHI 3M

147 04/05/22 WCE Minneapolis, MN 04/04/22 04/05/22 DEL 12/01/23
LIC Findley Electric Company E 761 CHI 3M

148 04/05/22 WDZ Tuscola, IL 04/04/22 04/05/22 WDZ-1050
LIC James L. Bush E 761 CHI 3M Decatur, IL

149 04/05/22 WEB Saint Louis, MO 04/04/22 04/05/22 WIL-1430
LIC Benwood Company E 761 CHI 3M Saint Louis, MO

150 04/05/22 WMB Auburn, ME 04/04/22 04/05/22 DEL 03/21/23
LIC Auburn Electrical Company E 761 BOS 3M

151 04/05/22 WPE Kansas City, MO 04/04/22 04/05/22 KMBZ-980
LIC Central Radio Company E 761 CHI 3M Kansas City, MO

152 04/05/22 WPJ Philadelphia, PA 04/04/22 04/05/22 DEL 01/19/23
LIC Saint Joseph’s College E 761 — 3M

153 04/06/22 WJD Granville, OH 04/04/22 04/06/22 DEL 12/07/25
LIC Richard H. Howe E 761 DET 3M

154 04/06/22 WMA Anderson, IN 04/04/22 04/06/22 DEL 03/01/23(WEAW)
LIC Arrow Radio Laboratories E 761 CHI 3M

155 04/06/22 WOE Akron, OH 04/04/22 04/06/22 DEL 07/–/23 (?)
LIC Buckeye Radio Service Co E 761 DET 3M

156 04/06/22 WPI Clearfield, PA 04/04/22 04/06/22 DEL 07/20/23
LIC Electric Supply Company E 761 DET 3M

157 04/06/22 WPL Zanesville, OH 04/04/22 04/06/22 DEL 10/23/22
LIC Fergus Electric Company E 761 DET 3M

158 04/06/22 WSN Norfolk, VA 04/04/22 04/06/22 DEL 01/16/23
LIC Ship Owners Radio Service E 761 NOR 3M

159 04/06/22 WTG Manhatten, KS 04/04/22 04/06/22 KKSU-580
LIC Kansas State Agricultural Coll M 761 CHI 3M Manhatten, KS

160 04/07/22 WAAF Chicago, IL 04/07/22 04/07/22 WJPC-950
LIC Union Stock Yards & Transit Co EM 761 CHI 3M Chicago, IL

161 04/08/22 KGB Tacoma, WA 04/08/22 04/08/22 DEL 12/11/25
LIC William Mullins Electric Co E 761 SEA 3M

162 04/10/22 KJC Los Angeles, CA 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 01/24/23
LIC Standard Radio Company E 761 SF 3M

163 04/10/22 KNR Los Angeles, CA 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 08/23/22
LIC Beacon Light Company E 761 SF 3M

164 04/10/22 KNV Los Angeles, CA 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 04/02/24
LIC Radio Supply Company E 761 SF 3M

165 04/10/22 KON San Diego, CA 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 03/09/23
LIC Holzwasser E 761 SF 3M

166 04/10/22 KSS Long Beach, CA 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 04/02/24
LIC Prest & Dean Radio Research E 761 SF 3M

167 04/10/22 KXS Los Angeles, CA 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 03/09/23
LIC Braun Corporation E 761 SF 3M

168 04/10/22 KZI Los Angeles, CA 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 08/15/22
LIC Irving S. Cooper E 761 SF 3M

169 04/10/22 WAAH Saint Paul, MN 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 11/07/23
LIC Commonwealth Electric Company E 761 CHI 3M

170 04/10/22 WAAJ Boston, MA 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 05/15/23
LIC Eastern Radio Institute E 761 BOS 3M

171 04/10/22 WAAL Minneapolis, MN 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 06/23/23
LIC Minn Tribune& Anderson-Beamish E 761 CHI 3M

172 04/10/22 WAAM Newark, NJ 04/08/22 04/10/22 WNEW-1130
LIC I. R. Nelson Company E 761 NYC 3M New York, NY

173 04/10/22 WAAO Charles Town, WV 04/08/22 04/10/22 DEL 12/01/22
LIC Radio Service Company E 761 DET 3M

174 04/11/22 WAAG Shreveport, LA 04/11/22 04/11/22 DEL 12/19/22
LIC Elliott Electric Company E 761 NO 3M

175 04/12/22 KOE Spokane, WA 04/11/22 04/12/22 DEL 10/07/22
LIC Spokane Chronicle E 761 SEA 3M

176 04/12/22 KOQ Modesto, CA 04/11/22 04/12/22 DEL 09/06/22
LIC Modesto Evening News E 761 SF 3M

177 04/12/22 KQP Hood River, OR 04/11/22 04/12/22 KYTE-970
LIC Blue Diamond Electric Company EM 761 SEA 3M Portland, OR

178 04/12/22 WAAE Saint Louis, MO 04/11/22 04/12/22 DEL 09/23/22
LIC Saint Louis Chamber of Comm E 761 CHI 3M

179 04/13/22 KUS Los Angeles, CA 04/12/22 04/13/22 DEL 04/04/24
LIC City Dye Works & Laundry Co E 761 SF 3M

180 04/13/22 KWH Los Angeles, CA 04/12/22 04/13/22 DEL 03/18/25
LIC Los Angeles Examiner E 761 SF 3M

181 04/13/22 KXD Modesto, CA 04/12/22 04/13/22 DEL 03/10/24
LIC Herald Publishing Company E 761 SF 3M

182 04/13/22 WAAK Milwaukee, WI 04/12/22 04/13/22 DEL 12/01/23
LIC Gimbel Brothers E 761 CHI 3M

183 04/13/22 WAAN Columbia, MO 04/12/22 04/13/22 DEL 03/16/25
LIC University of Missouri E 761 CHI 3M

184 04/13/22 WAAQ Greenwich, CT 04/13/22 04/13/22 DEL 05/15/23
LIC New England Motor Sales Co E 761 BOS 3M

185 04/13/22 WAAR Huntington, WV 04/13/22 04/13/22 DEL 12/04/22
LIC Groves-Thornton Hardware Co E 761 DET 3M

186 04/13/22 WAAZ Emporia, KS 03/11/22 04/13/22 DEL 01/28/24
LIC Hollister-Miller Motor Company E TG OWN 3M

187 04/14/22 WAAP Wichita, KS 04/13/22 04/14/22 DEL 10/15/23
LIC Otto W. Taylor E 761 CHI 3M

188 04/17/22 KPO San Francisco, CA 04/13/22 04/17/22 KNBR-680
LIC Hale Brothers E 761 SF 3M San Francisco, CA

189 04/17/22 WAAB New Orleans, LA 04/04/22 04/17/22 WJBO-1150
LIC Times-Picayune E 761 — 3M Baton Rouge, LA

190 04/17/22 WAAS Decatur, GA 04/13/22 04/17/22 DEL 05/25/23
LIC Georgia Radio Company E 761 NOR 3M

191 04/19/22 WAAV Athens, OH 04/17/22 04/19/22 DEL 12/01/22
LIC Athens Radio Company E 761 DET 3M

192 04/19/22 WAAW Omaha, NE 04/17/22 04/19/22 KCRO-660
LIC Omaha Grain Exchange E 761 CHI 3M Omaha, NE

193 04/19/22 WAAX Crafton, PA 04/17/22 04/19/22 DEL 01/04/23
LIC Radio Service Corporation E 761 DET 3M

194 04/19/22 WAAY Youngstown, OH 04/17/22 04/19/22 DEL 06/12/23
LIC Yahrling-Rayner Piano Company E 761 DET 3M

195 04/19/22 WBAB Syracuse, NY 04/17/22 04/19/22 DEL 03/22/23
LIC Andrew J. Potter E 761 DET 3M

196 04/20/22 KZC Seattle, WA 04/14/22 04/20/22 DEL 04/11/23
LIC Public Market & Market Stores E 761 SEA 3M

197 04/21/22 KZN Salt Lake City, UT 04/20/22 04/21/22 KSL-1160
LIC The Deseret News EM 761 SF 3M Salt Lake City, UT

198 04/21/22 WBAE Peoria, IL 04/19/22 04/21/22 DEL 11/01/22
LIC Bradley Polytechnic Institute EM 761 CHI 3M

199 04/21/22 WBAF Moorestown, NJ 04/20/22 04/21/22 DEL 10/05/23
LIC Fred M. Middleton E 761 BAL 3M

200 04/21/22 WBAG Bridgeport, PA 04/20/22 04/21/22 DEL 04/16/23
LIC Diamond State Fibre Company EM 761 BAL 3M

201 04/21/22 WBAH Minneapolis, MN 04/20/22 04/21/22 DEL 09/05/24
LIC The Dayton Company E 761 CHI 3M

202 04/22/22 KTW Seattle, WA 04/13/22 04/22/22 DEL 08/30/75
LIC First Presbyterian Church E TG OWN 3M

203 04/22/22 WBAD Minneapolis, MN 04/19/22 04/22/22 DEL 04/22/24
LIC Sterling Elec & Journal Print E 761 — 3M

204 04/22/22 WBAJ Toledo, OH 04/21/22 04/22/22 DEL 01/02/23
REL Marshall-Gerken Company E 761 DET 3M

205 04/24/22 WAAC New Orleans, LA 04/05/22 04/24/22 DEL 11/25/25
LIC Tulane University E TG OWN 3M

206 04/24/22 WBAM New Orleans, LA 04/22/22 04/24/22 DEL 10/17/22
LIC I. B. Rennyson E 761 NO 3M

207 04/24/22 WBAN Paterson, NJ 04/24/22 04/24/22 DEL 04/10/25
LIC Wireless Phone Corporation E 761 NYC 3M

208 04/24/22 WIZ Cincinnati, OH 03/18/22 04/24/22 DEL 07/20/23
LIC Cino Radio Manufacturing Co EM 761 — 3M

209 04/25/22 KNN Los Angeles, CA 04/24/22 04/25/22 DEL 06/07/23
LIC Bullock’s E 761 SF 3M

210 04/25/22 KUY El Monte, CA 04/24/22 04/25/22 DEL 09/29/24
LIC Coast Radio Company E 761 SF 3M

211 04/25/22 WBAO Decatur, IL 04/24/22 04/25/22 WSOY-1340
LIC James Millikin University E 761 CHI 3M Decatur, IL

212 04/26/22 KNT Aberdeen, WA 04/25/22 04/26/22 DEL 03/19/25
LIC North Coast Products Company E 761 SEA 3M

213 04/26/22 KSC San Jose, CA 04/24/22 04/26/22 DEL 07/06/22
LIC O. A. Hale & Company E 761 SF 3M

214 04/26/22 KYF San Diego, CA 04/25/22 04/26/22 DEL 12/01/22
LIC Thearle Music Company E 761 SF 3M

215 04/26/22 WBAP Fort Worth, TX 04/26/22 05/02/22 WBAP-820
STA Wortham-Carter Publishing Co EM — — 3M Fort Worth, TX

216 04/28/22 WOI Ames, IA 03/06/22 04/28/22 WOI-640
LIC Iowa State College EM 761 CHI 3M Ames, IA

04/28/22 Change WGM [82] Atlanta, GA
FREQ: EM OWNER: Georgia Railway (Atlanta Cons)

217 04/29/22 KNI Eureka, CA 04/28/22 04/29/22 DEL 06/16/23
LIC T. W. Smith E 761 SF 3M

218 04/29/22 WBAQ South Bend, IN 04/28/22 04/29/22 DEL 11/07/22
LIC Myron L. Harmon (YMCA) E 761 CHI 3M

219 04/29/22 WBAU Hamilton, OH 04/28/22 04/29/22 DEL 09/17/23
LIC Repubican Publishing Company E 761 DET 3M

220 04/29/22 WBAV Columbus, OH 04/28/22 04/29/22 WTVN-610
LIC Erner & Hopkins Company E 761 DET 3M Columbus, OH

221 04/29/22 WBAW Marietta, OH 04/28/22 04/29/22 DEL 01/21/24
LIC Marietta College E 761 DET 3M

222 04/29/22 WBAX Wilkes-Barre, PA 04/28/22 04/29/22 WBAX-1240
LIC John H. Stenger Junior E 761 — 3M Wilkes-Barre, PA

223 04/29/22 WBAY New York, NY 04/29/22 04/29/22 DEL 11/06/24(WECO)
LIC American Telephone & Telegraph E 761 NYC 3M

05/–/22 Delete WDW [27] Washington, DC

05/–/22 Delete WEH [127] Tulsa, OK

05/–/22 Delete WHX [123] Des Moines, IA

05/–/22 Change KNJ [143] Roswell, NM
FREQ: EM

05/–/22 Change KUO [44] San Francisco, CA
FREQ: EM

05/–/22 Change WEW [108] Saint Louis, MO
FREQ: EM

05/–/22 Change WLW [62] Cincinnati, OH
FREQ: EM

224 05/01/22 KOJ Reno, NV –/–/– 05/01/22 DEL 06/07/22
LIC University of Nevada E — — 3M

225 05/01/22 WBAZ Richmond, VA 04/29/22 05/01/22 DEL 10/18/22
LIC Times-Dispatch Publishing Co E 761 BAL 3M

226 05/03/22 KLX Oakland, CA 05/03/22 05/03/22 KNEW-910
LIC Tribune Publishing Company E 761 SF 3M Oakland, CA

227 05/03/22 KZV Wenatchee, WA 05/03/22 05/03/22 DEL 06/–/24
LIC Wenatchee Battery & Motor Co E 761 SEA 3M

228 05/03/22 WCAB Newburgh, NY 05/03/22 05/03/22 DEL 06/15/23
LIC Newburgh News Print & Pub Co E 761 NYC 3M

229 05/03/22 WCAE Pittsburgh, PA 05/03/22 05/03/22 WTAE-1250
LIC Kaufman & Baer Company E 761 DET 3M Pittsburgh, PA

230 05/04/22 KNX Los Angeles, CA 05/04/22 05/04/22 KNX-1070
REL Electric Lighting Supply Co E 761 — 3M Los Angeles, CA

231 05/04/22 KQI Berkeley, CA 05/04/22 05/04/22 DEL 12/10/23
LIC University of California E 761 SF 3M

232 05/04/22 KYI Bakersfield, CA 05/03/22 05/04/22 DEL 05/01/23
LIC Alfred Harrell E 761 SF 3M

233 05/04/22 WCAC Fort Smith, AR 05/03/22 05/04/22 DEL 06/12/23
LIC John Fink Jewelry Company E 761 NO 3M

234 05/04/22 WCAD Canton, NY 05/03/22 05/04/22 DEL 06/03/41
LIC Saint Lawrence University E 761 — 3M

235 05/04/22 WCAG New Orleans, LA 05/04/22 05/04/22 DEL 07/15/25
LIC Daily States Publishing Co E 761 NO 3M

236 05/04/22 WCX Detroit, MI 05/04/22 05/04/22 WJR-760
LIC Detroit Free Press EM 761 CHI 3M Detroit, MI

05/05/22 Delete WPB [33] Pittsburgh, PA

237 05/06/22 WCAJ University Place, NE 05/06/22 05/06/22 DEL 08/01/33
LIC Nebraska Wesleyan University EM 761 CHI 3M

238 05/06/22 WCAK Houston, TX 05/06/22 05/06/22 DEL 01/10/25
LIC Alfred P. Daniel E 761 NO 3M

239 05/06/22 WCAL Northfield, MN 05/06/22 05/06/22 WCAL-770
LIC Saint Olaf College E 761 CHI 3M Northfield, MN

240 05/08/22 KDYL Salt Lake City, UT 05/08/22 05/08/22 KBUG-1320
LIC Telegram Publishing Company E 761 SF 3M Salt Lake City, UT

241 05/08/22 WCAM Villanova, PA 05/06/22 05/08/22 DEL 06/10/24
LIC Villanova College E 761 BAL 3M

242 05/08/22 WCAN Jacksonville, FL 05/08/22 05/08/22 DEL 10/26/22
LIC Southeastern Radio Telephone E 761 BAL 3M

243 05/08/22 WCAO Baltimore, MD 05/06/22 05/08/22 WCAO-600
LIC Sanders & Stayman Company E 761 BAL 3M Baltimore, MD

244 05/08/22 WCAP Decatur, IL 05/08/22 05/08/22 DEL 03/05/23
LIC Central Radio Service E 761 OWN 3M

245 05/09/22 KDYO San Diego, CA 05/08/22 05/09/22 DEL 01/24/23
LIC Carlson & Simpson E 761 SF 3M

246 05/09/22 KDYQ Portland, OR 05/08/22 05/09/22 DEL 01/23/25
LIC Oregon Institute of Technology M 761 SEA 3M

247 05/09/22 WCAQ Defiance, OH 05/08/22 05/09/22 DEL 03/–/23 (?)
LIC Tri-State Radio Mfg & Supply E 761 DET 3M

248 05/09/22 WCAR San Antonio, TX 05/08/22 05/09/22 KTSA-550
LIC Alamo Radio Electric Company E 761 NO 3M San Antonio, TX

249 05/09/22 WCAS Minneapolis, MN 05/08/22 05/09/22 DEL 09/04/31(WHDI)
LIC William Hood Dunwoody Inst E 761 CHI 3M

250 05/09/22 WCAT Rapid City, SD 05/08/22 05/09/22 DEL 10/28/52
LIC S Dakota State School of Mines M 761 CHI 3M

251 05/10/22 KDYM San Diego, CA 05/08/22 05/10/22 DEL 03/19/25
LIC Savoy Theatre E 761 SF 3M

252 05/10/22 KDYN Redwood City, CA 05/08/22 05/10/22 DEL 11/08/22
LIC Great Western Radio Corp E 761 SF 3M

253 05/10/22 KDYR Pasadena, CA 05/10/22 05/10/22 DEL 12/01/22
LIC Pasadena Star-News Publishing E 761 SF 3M

254 05/10/22 WCAU Philadelphia, PA 05/10/22 05/10/22 WCAU-1210
LIC Philadelphia Radiophone Co E 761 — 3M Philadelphia, PA

255 05/10/22 WHB Kansas City, MO 04/21/22 05/10/22 WHB-710
LIC Sweeny School Company EM RES OWN 3M Kansas City, MO

256 05/13/22 KDYS Great Falls, MT 05/13/22 05/13/22 DEL 11/30/23
LIC The Tribune E 761 SEA 3M

257 05/13/22 KDYU Klamath Falls, OR 05/13/22 05/13/22 DEL 11/01/22
LIC Herald Publishing Company E 761 SEA 3M

258 05/13/22 KDYV Salt Lake City, UT 05/13/22 05/13/22 DEL 03/15/23
LIC Cope & Cornwell Company E 761 SF 3M

259 05/13/22 WAAD Cincinnati, OH 04/06/22 05/13/22 DEL 06/15/29
LIC Ohio Mechanics Institute E TG OWN 3M

260 05/13/22 WCAH Columbus, OH 05/05/22 06/12/22 WBNS-1460
?TG Entrekin Electric Company E TG OWN 3M Columbus, OH

261 05/13/22 WCAV Little Rock, AR 05/13/22 05/13/22 DEL 03/11/25
LIC J. C. Dice Electric Company E 761 NO 3M

262 05/13/22 WCAW Quincy, IL 05/13/22 05/13/22 DEL 06/23/23
LIC Quincy Herald & Quincy Elec E 761 CHI 3M

263 05/13/22 WCAX Burlington, VT 05/13/22 05/13/22 WVMT-620
LIC University of Vermont E 761 BOS 3M Burlington, VT

264 05/15/22 KDYW Phoenix, AZ 05/15/22 05/15/22 DEL 04/04/24
LIC Smith Hughes & Company E 761 SF 3M

265 05/15/22 WCAY Milwaukee, WI 05/15/22 05/15/22 WTMJ-620
LIC Kesselman O’Driscoll Company E 761 CHI 3M Milwaukee, WI

266 05/15/22 WCAZ Quincy, IL 05/15/22 05/15/22 WCAZ-990
LIC Compton & Quincy Whig-General E 761 CHI 3M Carthage, IL

267 05/15/22 WDAA Nashville, TN 05/15/22 05/15/22 DEL 11/04/22
LIC Ward-Belmont School E 761 NO 3M

268 05/15/22 WDAB Portsmouth, OH 05/15/22 05/15/22 DEL 10/23/22
LIC H. C. Summers & Son E 761 DET 3M

269 05/15/22 WDAC Springfield, IL 05/15/22 05/15/22 DEL 05/05/23
LIC Illinois Watch Company M 761 CHI 3M

270 05/15/22 WDAD Lindsborg, KS 05/15/22 05/15/22 DEL 11/07/23
LIC William L. Harrison E 761 CHI 3M

271 05/15/22 WDAE Tampa, FL 05/15/22 05/15/22 WDAE-1250
LIC Tampa Daily Times EM 761 BAL 3M Tampa, FL

272 05/16/22 WDAF Kansas City, MO 05/16/22 05/16/22 WDAF-610
LIC Kansas City Star E 761 CHI 3M Kansas City, MO

273 05/16/22 WDAG Amarillo, TX 05/16/22 05/16/22 KGNC-710
LIC J. Laurance Martin E 761 NO 3M Amarillo, TX

274 05/16/22 WDAH El Paso, TX 05/16/22 05/16/22 DEL 10/01/40
LIC Mine & Smelter Supply Company E 761 NO 3M

275 05/16/22 WDAI Syracuse, NY 05/16/22 05/16/22 DEL 11/19/23
LIC Hughes Electrical Corporation E 761 DET 3M

276 05/18/22 KDYY Denver, CO 05/17/22 05/18/22 DEL 03/–/23
LIC Rocky Mountain Radio Corp E 761 CHI 3M

277 05/18/22 WDAJ College Park, GA 05/17/22 05/18/22 DEL 09/10/23
LIC Atlanta & West Point Railroad E 761 BAL 3M

05/19/22 Delete WGM [82] Atlanta, GA

278 05/19/22 KDZA Tucson, AZ 05/18/22 05/19/22 DEL 04/12/23
LIC Arizona Daily Star E 761 SF 3M

279 05/19/22 WDAL Jacksonville, FL 05/18/22 05/19/22 DEL 12/22/23
LIC Florida Times-Union EM 761 BAL 3M

280 05/19/22 WDAM New York, NY 05/18/22 05/19/22 WNBC-660
LIC Western Electric Company E 761 NYC 3M New York, NY

281 05/19/22 WDAN Shreveport, LA 05/18/22 05/19/22 KEEL-710
LIC Glenwood Radio Corporation E 761 NO 3M Shreveport, LA

282 05/19/22 WDAO Dallas, TX 05/18/22 05/19/22 DEL 06/–/24
LIC Automotive Electric Company E 761 NO 3M

283 05/19/22 WDAP Chicago, IL 05/19/22 05/19/22 WGN-720
LIC Mid West Radio Central Inc E 761 CHI 3M Chicago, IL

284 05/20/22 KDZB Bakersfield, CA 05/19/22 05/20/22 DEL 02/12/26
LIC Frank E. Siefert E 761 SF 3M

285 05/20/22 WDAQ Brownsville, PA 05/19/22 05/20/22 DEL 01/22/23
LIC Hartman-Riker Elec & Mach Co E 761 DET 3M

286 05/20/22 WDAR Philadelphia, PA 05/19/22 05/20/22 WFIL-610
LIC Lit Brothers E 761 BAL 3M Philadelphia, PA

287 05/22/22 WDAK Hartford, CT 05/17/22 05/22/22 DEL 07/30/24
LIC The Courant E TG OWN 3M

288 05/22/22 WDAS Worcester, MA 05/20/22 05/22/22 DEL 01/03/25
LIC Samuel A. Waite E 761 BOS 3M

289 05/22/22 WDAT Worcester, MA 05/20/22 05/22/22 DEL 10/05/22
LIC Delta Electric Company E 761 BOS 3M

290 05/22/22 WDAU New Bedford, MA 05/20/22 05/22/22 DEL 11/18/24
LIC Slocum & Kilburn E 761 BOS 3M

291 05/22/22 WDAW Atlanta, GA 05/20/22 05/22/22 DEL 08/28/23 (WGM)
LIC Georgia Railway & Power Co EM 761 NOR 3M

292 05/23/22 KDZD Los Angeles, CA 05/22/22 05/23/22 DEL 11/08/22
LIC W. R. Mitchell E 761 SF 3M

293 05/23/22 KDZE Seattle, WA 05/23/22 05/23/22 KMPS-1300
LIC The Rhodes Company E 761 SF 3M Seattle, WA

294 05/23/22 WDAV Muskogee, OK 05/22/22 05/23/22 DEL 01/15/23
LIC Muskogee Daily Phoenix E 761 NO 3M

295 05/23/22 WDAX Centerville, IA 05/22/22 05/23/22 DEL 01/03/24
LIC First National Bank E 761 CHI 3M

296 05/23/22 WDAY Fargo, ND 05/22/22 05/23/22 WDAY-970
LIC Kenneth M. Hance EM 761 CHI 3M Fargo, ND

297 05/25/22 KDZF Los Angeles, CA 05/24/22 05/25/22 DEL 04/04/24
LIC Automobile Club of Southern Ca E 761 SF 3M

298 05/25/22 KDZG San Francisco, CA 05/24/22 05/25/22 DEL 06/16/23
LIC Cyrus Peirce & Company E 761 SF 3M

299 05/25/22 KDZH Fresno, CA 05/24/22 05/25/22 DEL 05/16/23
LIC Fresno Evening Herald E 761 SF 3M

300 05/25/22 WEAA Flint, MI 05/24/22 05/25/22 WFDF-910
LIC Fallain & Lathrop E 761 DET 3M Flint, MI

301 05/25/22 WEAB Fort Dodge, IA 05/24/22 05/25/22 DEL 10/30/23
LIC Standard Radio Equipment Co E 761 CHI 3M

302 05/25/22 WEAC Terre Haute, IN 05/24/22 05/25/22 DEL 03/05/23
LIC Baines Elec Service Company E 761 CHI 3M

303 05/25/22 WEAD Atwood, KS 05/24/22 05/25/22 DEL 08/13/23
LIC Northwest Kansas Radio Supply E 761 CHI 3M

304 05/25/22 WEAE Blacksburg, VA 05/24/22 –/–/– DEL 03/01/23
? Virginia Polytechnic Institute E 761 — —

05/25/22 Change WDAM [280] New York, NY
CALL: WEAF

305 05/26/22 KDZI Wenatchee, WA 05/25/22 05/26/22 DEL 07/18/24
LIC Electric Supply Company E 761 SEA 3M

306 05/26/22 KDZJ Eugene, OR 05/25/22 05/26/22 DEL 11/02/22
LIC Excelsior Radio Company E — SEA 3M

307 05/26/22 WEAH Wichita, KS 05/25/22 05/26/22 KFH-1330
LIC Wichita B.O.T. & Lander Radio EM 761 — 3M Wichita, KS

308 05/27/22 WEAI Ithaca, NY 05/26/22 05/27/22 WHCU-870
LIC Cornell University E 761 DET 3M Ithaca, NY

309 05/27/22 WEAJ Vermillion, SD 05/26/22 02/06/23 KUSD-690
AUT University of South Dakota E TG OWN 3M Vermillion, SD

310 05/29/22 KDZK Reno, NV 05/27/22 05/29/22 DEL 11/30/23
LIC Nevada Machinery & Electric Co E 761 SF 3M

311 05/29/22 KDZL Ogden, UT 05/27/22 05/29/22 DEL 03/13/23
LIC Rocky Mountain Radio Corp E 761 SF 3M

312 05/29/22 KDZM Centralia, WA 05/28/22 05/29/22 DEL 03/12/23
LIC E. A. Hollingworth E 761 SEA 3M

313 05/29/22 WEAG Edgewood, RI 05/25/22 05/29/22 DEL 11/12/23
LIC Nichols-Hineline-Bassett Lab E 761 BOS 3M

314 05/31/22 KDYX Honolulu, HI 05/16/22 05/31/22 DEL 06/17/24
LIC Star Bulletin E TG OWN 3M

315 05/31/22 KDZP Los Angeles, CA 05/31/22 05/31/22 DEL 01/24/23
LIC Newberry Electric Corporation E 761 SF 3M

316 05/31/22 KDZQ Denver, CO 05/31/22 05/31/22 KHOW-630
LIC Motor Generator Company E 761 CHI 3M Denver, CO

317 05/31/22 KDZR Bellingham, WA 05/31/22 05/31/22 DEL 12/20/24
LIC Bellingham Publishing Company E 761 SF 3M

318 05/31/22 WEAK Saint Joseph, MO 05/31/22 05/31/22 KGBX-1260
LIC Julius B. Abercrombie E 761 CHI 3M Springfield, MO

319 05/31/22 WEAM North Plainfield, NJ 05/31/22 05/31/22 DEL 12/21/28
LIC Borough of North Plainfield E 761 BAL 3M

Creating The Perpetual Party

“How to Create the Perpetual Party.”

Most parties of this day and age are small events; rarely bringing in more than
fifty to sixty people. A majority of these parties are sponsored by high
school kids who love being killed by their parents. All this is nice and well,
but if you want a real party, it has to last forever. The following instruc-
tions document entirely the materials and steps to be taken in order to create
the Perpetual Party. (Do not try this at home. You’ll never fix your house!)

In order to begin, you must have an overabundance of money or an inheritance
from some insane uncle. (He’d have to be insane to leave anything to you!)

Now, the first step is to purchase a good sized estate: about 10 to 15 acres.
Make sure you use Astro-turf and put steel cages around the trees. Upon this
tract of land, build a 20 bedroom, 10 bathroom, and 2 kitchen house. Make sure
that all walls, floors, and ceilings are fireproof, washproof, and immune to
structural damage.

The next step is to get furniture. Get heavy duty, king-sized beds, steel
reinforced tables, and about 6 to 7 bars. Be sure to bolt all furniture to the
floor. Oh, don’t forget to put a couch in every room. With vynil covers, of
course.

The next step is to get entertainment. Get at least four or five stereo
systems, a VCR and TV for every room in the house, and one or two video game
rooms. If you think it will lengthen the attention span of your guests, you
can get live entertainment. Female and male strippers would do nicely. Or, if
you really want some raunchy material, get some female mud wrestlers. Also,
get at least five copies of every rock song and X-rated movie available. A
favorite thing to get is a swimming pool full of Jello. It provides for hours
of good, wholesome fun.

The next thing to be gotten is food and drink to last for at least a year or
two. Try to get foods with either high sodium, high sugar, and/or high grease
content. Good examples are potato chips, pretzels, cake, ice-cream, candy,
anything from McDonald’s or Wendy’s, or any organic material from a nearby
high-school cafeteria.

As far as drinks are concerned, try and avoid alcoholic beverages unless you
have a reliable bus service. Any type of accident can easily bring any party,
Perpetual or not, to an end. Good drinks to get are beer, vodka, tequila,
scotch, bourbon, rum, soda, etc. To complement the food and drinks, get the
following medicines: Ex-Lax, Pepto Bismol, Alka Seltzer, any type of generic
aspirin except Tylenol, and easy access to a toilet.

After all the above is achieved, the time to start the party has begun. In
order to get a good turnout for the first few weeks, you must advertise.
Advertisements in local newspapers are not enough, you must advertise in
magazines and other national periodicals that will not object to your ad. One
way to really bring ’em in is to advertise on TV and radio. This is where an
ad agency can come in handy.

Eventually, people will not take your ads as jokes and come to your place of
social immoralities. Now, here is where you must begin to plan ahead. Since
you have started a Perpetual Party, you must make sure it remains per- petual.
In order to do this, you must get contracts of indefinite termination with
certain companies. It is important to get a hold of a good and reliable
catering service. Keeping in touch with three or four local liquor shops is
necessary. See if you can get flat rate service from the phone company, and
buy stock in the electric company. With the bills you’ll be running up, it
will pay off.

By now, your vast riches have dwindled to almost nothing. Since this is a
business, you need capital, so charge your guests admission fees. Don’t make
the prices too high or people will not want to come. But don’t be too generous
or you’ll be broke in no time. If you can’t bear to charge admission in money,
at least charge it in food and/or drink. That way you’ll at least save on the
caterer. Try to throw fees around as much as you can without making it look
suspicious. One way to get money rolling in is to open up a small casino. Get
a license for it. As mentioned earlier, you want to avoid trouble.

Eventually, unless you had a very strange accident or are a mad scientist, you
will die. And if you make no plans for this, your party will certainly die
out. So, during the many years of partying, find one person who fits you the
best and get married and have kids. When you near your end, leave the entire
party, all profits, and all responsibilities to the kid who is the more extreme
party animal. Be sure to leave explicit instructions on how to run the party.
This document is perfect. If all goes well, things will continue under good
hands.

So far, these are the necessary steps needed to create the Perpetual Party. If
anything has been omitted, (which is probably true) go ahead and augment this
document. It’s your party anyway.

A Collection Of Palindromes

Newsgroups: misc.misc,misc.writing
From: jejensen@alfred.carleton.ca (John Jensen)
Subject: Palindrome request: SUMMARY
Message-ID:
Keywords: palindromes
Organization: Carleton University
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 05:07:15 GMT
Lines: 480

Well, my request for palindromes has been answered! Here is a summary
of all the ones that were posted to the net or sent to me via mail.
Many thanks to all who responded.

——————————————————————–
A dog, a plan, a canal: pagoda.

Rats live on no evil star.

Straw, no, to stupid a fad, I put soot on warts.

I roamed under it as a tired, nude Maori.

Dennis, Nell, Edna, Leon, Nedra, Anita, Rolf, Nora, Alice, Carol, Leo,
Jane, Reed, Dena, Dale, Basil, Rae, Penny, Lana, Dave, Denny, Lena, Ida,
Bernadette, Ben, Ray, Lila, Nina, Jo, Ira, Mara, Sara, Mario, Jan, Ina,
Lily, Arne, Betty, Dan, Reba, Diane, Lynn, Ed, Eva, Dana, Lynne, Pearl,
Isabel, Ada, Ned, Dee, Rena, Joel, Lora, Cecil, Aaron, Flora, Tina, Arden,
Noel, and Ellen sinned.

A man, a plan, a canal; Panama?

A man, a plan, a cat, a canal; Panama?

A man, a plan, a cat, a ham, a yak, a yam, a hat, a canal–Panama!
Go deliver a dare, vile dog.

Doc note, I dissent. A fast never prevents a fatness. I diet on cod.

PALINDROMIC POEM:

Mood’s mode!
Pallas, I won!
(Diaper pane, sold entire.)
Melt till ever sere, hide it.
Drown a more vile note;
(Tar of rennet.)
Ah, trowel, baton, eras ago.
The reward? A “nisi.” Two nag.

Otary tastes putrid, yam was green.
Odes up and on; stare we.
Rats nod. Nap used one-erg saw.
(May dirt upset satyr?)

A toga now; ’tis in a drawer, eh?
Togas are notable.
(Worth a tenner for Ate`.)
Tone liver. O Man, word-tied I.

Here’s revel!
Little merit, Ned? Lose, Nap?
Repaid now is all apedom’s doom.

Tarzan raised a Desi Arnaz rat.

Able was I, ere I saw Elba!

If I had a hi-fi

A man, a plan, a canoe, pasta, hero’s, rajahs, a coloratura,
maps, snipe, percale, macaroni, a gag, a banana bag, a tan,
a tag, a banana bag again, or: a camel, a crepe, pins, spam,
a rut, a Rolo, cash, a jar, sore hats, a peon, a canal, Panama!

Here is some information about a few palindromes related to the one
you mention. As far as I know, the first person to put a cat in the
canal was Jim Saxe, in his 9 October 1983 plan file.

A man, a plan, a cat, a canal; Panama?

Guy Jacobson added several items later that year.

A man, a plan, a cat, a ham, a yak, a yam, a hat, a canal–Panama!

Guy’s palindrome appears on page 127 of COMMON LISP, THE LANGUAGE
(page 170 of the 2nd edition). The 2nd edition of COMMON LISP, THE
LANGUAGE also contains the remarkable:

A man, a plan, a canoe, pasta, heros, rajahs, a coloratura, maps,
snipe, percale, macaroni, a gag, a banana bag, a tan, a tag, a
banana bag again (or a camel), a crepe, pins, Spam, a rut, a Rolo,
cash, a jar, sore hats, a peon, a canal–Panama!

which is presumably the work of Guy Steele, the book’s author.

I dredged up the problem in 1984, and discovered the following 540-word
version with the help of a computer program that I wrote.

A man, a plan, a caret, a ban, a myriad, a sum, a lac, a liar,
a hoop, a pint, a catalpa, a gas, an oil, a bird, a yell, a vat,
a caw, a pax, a wag, a tax, a nay, a ram, a cap, a yam, a gay,
a tsar, a wall, a car, a luger, a ward, a bin, a woman, a vassal,
a wolf, a tuna, a nit, a pall, a fret, a watt, a bay, a daub,
a tan, a cab, a datum, a gall, a hat, a fag, a zap, a say, a jaw,
a lay, a wet, a gallop, a tug, a trot, a trap, a tram, a torr,
a caper, a top, a tonk, a toll, a ball, a fair, a sax, a minim,
a tenor, a bass, a passer, a capital, a rut, an amen, a ted,
a cabal, a tang, a sun, an ass, a maw, a sag, a jam, a dam, a sub,
a salt, an axon, a sail, an ad, a wadi, a radian, a room, a rood,
a rip, a tad, a pariah, a revel, a reel, a reed, a pool, a plug,
a pin, a peek, a parabola, a dog, a pat, a cud, a nu, a fan, a pal,
a rum, a nod, an eta, a lag, an eel, a batik, a mug, a mot, a nap,
a maxim, a mood, a leek, a grub, a gob, a gel, a drab, a citadel,
a total, a cedar, a tap, a gag, a rat, a manor, a bar, a gal,
a cola, a pap, a yaw, a tab, a raj, a gab, a nag, a pagan, a bag,
a jar, a bat, a way, a papa, a local, a gar, a baron, a mat, a rag,
a gap, a tar, a decal, a tot, a led, a tic, a bard, a leg, a bog,
a burg, a keel, a doom, a mix, a map, an atom, a gum, a kit,
a baleen, a gala, a ten, a don, a mural, a pan, a faun, a ducat,
a pagoda, a lob, a rap, a keep, a nip, a gulp, a loop, a deer,
a leer, a lever, a hair, a pad, a tapir, a door, a moor, an aid,
a raid, a wad, an alias, an ox, an atlas, a bus, a madam, a jag,
a saw, a mass, an anus, a gnat, a lab, a cadet, an em, a natural,
a tip, a caress, a pass, a baronet, a minimax, a sari, a fall,
a ballot, a knot, a pot, a rep, a carrot, a mart, a part, a tort,
a gut, a poll, a gateway, a law, a jay, a sap, a zag, a fat,
a hall, a gamut, a dab, a can, a tabu, a day, a batt, a waterfall,
a patina, a nut, a flow, a lass, a van, a mow, a nib, a draw,
a regular, a call, a war, a stay, a gam, a yap, a cam, a ray,
an ax, a tag, a wax, a paw, a cat, a valley, a drib, a lion,
a saga, a plat, a catnip, a pooh, a rail, a calamus, a dairyman,
a bater, a canal–Panama.

This was done with the Unix spelling dictionary and a fairly
simple-minded program. With a better word list and a smarter program
I’m sure the palindrome could be ten times as long.

I am somewhat concerned that people have been redistributing these
palindromes without attribution. Please don’t do so. And if you get
a copy of my palindrome without my name on it, I would appreciate it
if you mention my objection to whoever sends it to you.

Dan Hoey
Hoey@AIC.NRL.Navy.Mil

Rise to vote sir

Madam I’m Adam

A Toyota! Race fast, safe car. A Toyota

You can cage a swallow can’t you but you can’t swallow a cage can you?

Madam in Eden, I’m Adam.

Sit on a potato pan, Otis.

Top step’s pup’s pet spot.

A fine snore, rare Ronsen IFA.

A man, a plan, a canal, Panama!

Satan oscillate my metallic sonatas.

Cigar? Toss it in a can, it is so tragic.

Unremarkable was I ere I saw Elba Kramer, nu?

A man, a plan, a cat, a ham, a yak, a yam, a hat, a canal – Panama!

A man, a plan, a canoe, pasta, heros, rajahs, a coloratura, maps,
snipe, percale, macaroni, a gag, a banana bag, a tan, a tag, a banana
bag again (or a camel), a crepe, pins, Spam, a rut, a Rolo, cash, a
jar, sore hats, a peon, a canal – Panama!
Aha!

Oh, no! Don Ho!

Bonk! One Mac. Newton sees not wen came (no knob).

Lisa Bonet ate no basil.

Toni Tennille fell in net. I, not!

Vanna, wanna V?

Man, Oprah’s sharp on A.M.

Damn! I, Agassi, miss again! Mad!

(… Yawn.) Madonna Fan? No damn way!

E. Borgnine drags Dad’s gardening robe.

Neil A. sees alien!

The almanac can am laeth

I’m runnin’! – Nurmi

A man, a plan, a canal…Suez!

Is Don Adams mad? (A nod.) Si!

No, Mel Gibson is a casino’s big lemon.

Alan Alda stops racecar, spots ad: “Lana-L.A.”

Bush saw Sununu swash sub.

Cain: A maniac!

Depardieu, go razz a rogue I draped.

Ed, I saw Harpo Marx ram Oprah W. aside.

I, Rasputin, knit up Sari.

Let O’Hara gain an inn in a niagara hotel.

Noriega can idle, held in a cage…Iron!

O, geronimo, no minor ego!

Plan no damn Madonna LP.

Red lost case, Ma. Jesse James acts older.

Sis, ask Costner to not rent socks “As Is”!

So, G. Rivera’s tots are virgos.

T. Eliot nixes sex in toilet!

To Idi Amin: I’m a idiot!
A dog! A panic in a pagoda!

A slut nixes sex in Tulsa.

A tin mug for a jar of gum, Nita.

Ah, Satan sees Natasha.

Al lets Della call Ed Stella.

amaryllis sillyrama

Animal loots foliated detail of stool lamina.

Bird rib.

Bombard a drab mob.

But sad Eva saved a stub.

Camus sees sumac.

Cigar? Toss it in a can, it is so tragic.

Daedalus: nine, Peninsula: dead.

Dairy myriad.

Deirdre wets altar of St. Simons – no mists, for at last ewer dried.

Denim axes examined.

Dennis and Edna sinned.

Dior droid.

Drat Sadat, a dastard!

Drat Saddam, a mad dastard!

Draw, o coward!

Egad! No bondage!

Egad, an adage!

emu fat sap pasta fume

Enid and Edna dine:
Eda Nomel’s lemonade
Bel Paese a pleb
Parkay yak rap
Feeble el beef
Roti de pup editor
Eel, urbane hen a brulee
Self-furnace Pecan ruffles

Eros? Sidney, my end is sore.

Evil olive.

Flee to me, remote elf.

Flesh! Saw I Mimi wash self!

Gert, I saw Ron avoid a radio-van – or was it Reg?

Gnu dung.

Go hang a salami! I’m a lasagna hog!

God! A red nugget! A fat egg under a dog!

God, a slap! Paris, sir, appals a dog.

Goldenrod-adorned log

Golf? No sir, prefer prison-flog.

Gustav Klimt milk vats – ug!

I maim Miami.

I roamed under it as a tired, nude Maori.

I, zani Nazi.

Jar a tonga, nag not a raj.

Kay, a red nude, peeped under a yak.

Kayak salad – Alaska yak.

Lager, Sir, is regal.

Laminated E.T. animal.

Lay a wallaby baby ball away, Al.

Lepers repel.

“M” lab menial slain: embalm.

Ma is a nun, as I am.

Man, Eve let an irate tar in at eleven a.m.

May a moody baby doom a yam?

Mayhem, eh Yam?

“Miry rim! So many daffodils,” Delia wailed, “slid off a dynamo’s miry rim!”

Must sell at tallest sum.

Naomi, did I moan?

Ned, go gag Ogden.

Never odd or even.

No lemons, no melon.

Nog eroded Oregon.

Nosegay ages on.

Now Ned, I am a maiden nun: Ned, I am a maiden won.

O.E.D. or rodeo?

Pa’s a sap.

Paganini: Din in A Gap.

Party boobytrap.

Poor Dan is in a droop.

Red Nevada vendor.

Reflog a golfer

Reno loner

“Reviled did I live,” said I, “as evil I did deliver.”

Rise, take lame female Kate, sir.

Rococo “R”.

Rot-corpse Sumatran art amuses proctor.

Senile Felines

Sex at noon taxes.

Sex-aware era waxes.

Sh, Tom sees moths.

Sir, I soon saw Bob was no Osiris.

Sis, Sargasso Moss a grass is.

Sit on a potato pan, Otis.

Sniff’um muffins.

So, Ida, adios!

Solo gigolos.

Sore eye, Eros?

Sore was I ere I saw Eros.

Stab nail at ill Italian bats.

Star comedy by Democrats.

Stella won no wallets

Step on no pets!

Stop! Murder us not, tonsured rumpots!

Strategem: megatarts.

straw warts

T. Eliot, top bard, notes putrid tang emanating, is sad. “I’d assign it a
name: gant dirt upset on drab pot toilet

Tarzan raised Desi Arnaz’ rat.

Tense, I snap Sharon roses, or Norah’s pansies net.

Too bad, I hid a boot.

Trafalgar rag: La Fart

Tuna nut

U.F.O. tofu.

Viva le te de Tel Aviv

Was raw tap ale not a reviver at one lap at Warsaw?

We seven, Eve, sew.

Yawn a more Roman way.

Yell upset a cider: predicates pulley.

Yo! Bottoms up, U.S. Motto, boy!

FOREIGN LANGUAGE PALINDROMES

(Latin)
Subi dura a rudibus (endure rough treatement from uncultured brutes)

Sator Arepo tenet opera rotas (The sower Arepo works with the help of a wheel.)

(Finnish)

Saippuakauppias (soap dealer)
(the longest one word palindrome in the world!)

suolatalous – salt economy

iso rikas sika sokosakissa kirosi – a fat rich pig cursed in a poker gang

isa, ala myy myymalaasi – father, don’t sell your shop (two dots over those a’s)

(Welsh)
Llad dafad dall (kill a blind sheep)

(Swedish)
Ni talar bra latin (you speak good Latin)


+——————————————————————-+
| John Jensen Department of Political Science |
| jejensen@ccs.carleton.ca Carleton University |
| CI$: 76104,2030 Ottawa, Canada |
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